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Tunca N, Maral M, Yildiz E, Sengel SB, Erdem A. Synthesis and characterization of polysaccharide-cryogel and its application to the electrochemical detection of DNA. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:499. [PMID: 39088080 PMCID: PMC11294392 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06550-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The main goal of our study is to demonstrate the applicability of the PPy-cryogel-modified electrodes for electrochemical detection of DNA. First, a polysaccharide-based cryogel was synthesized. This cryogel was then used as a template for chemical polypyrrole synthesis. This prepared polysaccharide-based conductive cryogel was used for electrochemical biosensing on DNA. Carrageenan (CG) and sodium alginate (SA) polysaccharides, which stand out as biocompatible materials, were used in cryogel synthesis. Electron transfer was accelerated by polypyrrole (PPy) synthesized in cryogel networks. A 2B pencil graphite electrode with a diameter of 2.00 mm was used as a working electrode. The prepared polysaccharide solution was dropped onto a working electrode as a support material to improve the immobilization capacity of biomolecules and frozen to complete the cryogelation step. PPy synthesis was performed on the electrodes whose cryogelation process was completed. In addition, the structures of cryogels synthesized on the electrode surface were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface characterization of the modified electrodes was performed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Electrochemical determination of fish sperm DNA (fsDNA) was performed using a PPy-cryogel-modified electrode. The use of a porous 3D cryogel intermediate material enhanced the signal by providing a large surface area for the synthesis of PPy and increasing the biomolecule immobilization capacity. The detection limit was 0.98 µg mL-1 in the fsDNA concentration range 2.5-20 µg mL-1. The sensitivity of the DNA biosensor was estimated to 14.8 µA mM-1 cm-2. The stability of the biosensor under certain storage conditions was examined and observed to remain 66.95% up to 45 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Tunca
- The Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Biomedical Technologies Department, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Meltem Maral
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Esma Yildiz
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sultan Butun Sengel
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Arzum Erdem
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey.
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Hartati YW, Devi MJ, Irkham, Zulqaidah S, Noviyanti AR, Rochani S, Topkaya SN, Einaga Y. Electrochemical investigation of hydroxyapatite-lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite composites (HA-LSCF) for SARS-CoV-2 aptasensors. RSC Adv 2023; 13:20209-20216. [PMID: 37416913 PMCID: PMC10321058 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydroxyapatite-lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (HA-LSCF) composite showed a good response on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) electrochemical aptasensor to detect SARS-CoV-2. SPCE/HA-LSCF with a thiolated aptamer has a strong affinity for the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD protein. This occurs due to the binding of -SH to the HA-positive region. In the presence of LSCF, which is conductive, an increase in electron transfer from the redox system [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- occurs. The interaction of the aptamer with the RBD protein can be observed based on the decrease in the electron transfer process. As a result, the developed biosensor is highly sensitive to the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD protein with a linear range of 0.125 to 2.0 ng mL-1, a detection limit of 0.012 ng mL-1, and a quantification limit of 0.040 ng mL-1. The analytical application of the aptasensor demonstrates its feasibility in the analysis of saliva or swab samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeni Wahyuni Hartati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran Indonesia
| | - Melania Janisha Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran Indonesia
| | - Irkham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran Indonesia
| | - Salsha Zulqaidah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran Indonesia
| | - Atiek Rostika Noviyanti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran Indonesia
| | - Siti Rochani
- Mining Technology Research Center, National Research and Innovation Agency Indonesia
| | | | - Yasuaki Einaga
- Department of Chemistry, Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Yokohama 223-8522 Japan
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Hartati YW, Irkham I, Zulqaidah S, Syafira RS, Kurnia I, Noviyanti AR, Topkaya SN. Recent advances in hydroxyapatite-based electrochemical biosensors: Applications and future perspectives. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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4
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Lei Z, Alwan M, Alamir HTA, Alkaaby HHC, Farhan SS, Awadh SA, Altimari US, Al-Baghdady HFA, Kadhim AA, Qasim MT, Adhab AH, Nekuei A. Detection of abemaciclib, an anti-breast cancer agent, using a new electrochemical DNA biosensor. Front Chem 2022; 10:980162. [PMID: 36339035 PMCID: PMC9635563 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.980162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of DNA molecules and possible chemotherapy-induced changes in its structure has been the goal of researchers using rapid, sensitive and inexpensive approaches. Therefore, the aim of this study was to fabricate a new electrochemical DNA biosensor using pencil graphite electrodes modified with polypyrrole/Ce doped hexagonal nickel oxide nanodisks or PP/Ce-doped H-NiO-ND composites for determination of Abemaciclib (AMC) and ds-DNA molecules. The DNA biosensor was prepared by immobilizing ds-DNA on the surface of PP/Ce-doped H-NiO-ND/PGE. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used to electrochemically detect AMC. The results elucidate the extremely high sensitivity of the ds-DNA/PP/Ce-doped H-NiO-ND/PGE biosensor to AMC, with a narrow detection limit of 2.7 nM and a lengthy linear range of 0.01–600.0 μM. The admirable performance of as-fabricated biosensor could be related to the active reaction sites and the unique electrochemical response related to the nanocomposites by enhancing ds-DNA stabilization and accelerating electron transfer on the surface of electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Lei
- School of International Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zimeng Lei, ; Abuzar Nekuei,
| | - Merim Alwan
- Medical Lab. Techniques Department, College of Medical Technology, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | | | - Sura A. Awadh
- Department of Anesthesia, Al-mustaqbal University, Babylon, Iraq
| | | | | | - Athmar Ali Kadhim
- Medical Laboratories Teachniques, Hilla University College Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Maytham T. Qasim
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Ali Hussein Adhab
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technics, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Abuzar Nekuei
- Islamic Azad University of South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Zimeng Lei, ; Abuzar Nekuei,
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Demirhan A, Eksin E, Kilic Y, Erdem A. Low-Cost High-Resolution Potentiostat for Electrochemical Detection of Nucleic Acids and Biomolecular Interactions. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1610. [PMID: 36295963 PMCID: PMC9610652 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A handheld USB-powered instrument developed for the electrochemical detection of nucleic acids and biomolecular interactions is presented. The proposed instrument is capable of scanning ± 2.25 V while measuring currents up to ±10 mA, with a minimum current resolution of 6.87 pA. Therefore, it is suitable for nucleic acid sensors, which have high background currents. A low-cost microcontroller with an on-chip 16-bit analog-to-digital converter, 12-bit digital-to-analog converter, and a built-in USB controller were used to miniaturize the system. The offset voltages and gain errors of the analog peripherals were calibrated to obtain a superior performance. Thus, a similar performance to those of the market-leader potentiostats was achieved, but at a fraction of their cost and size. The performance of the application of this proposed architecture was tested successfully and was found to be similar to a leading commercial device through a clinical application in the aspects of the detection of nucleic acids, such as calf thymus ssDNA and dsDNA, and their interactions with a protein (BSA) by using single-use graphite electrodes in combination with the differential pulse voltammetry technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Demirhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Ece Eksin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Yalin Kilic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir 35330, Turkey
- Solar Biyoteknoloji Ltd. (SolarBiotec), Bayrakli, Izmir 35530, Turkey
| | - Arzum Erdem
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey
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Foroughi MM, Jahani S. Investigation of a high-sensitive electrochemical DNA biosensor for determination of Idarubicin and studies of DNA-binding properties. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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An ultra-sensitive electrochemical aptasensor for simultaneous quantitative detection of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ in fruit and vegetable. Food Chem 2022; 382:132173. [PMID: 35149468 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical aptasensor based on aptamer was designed for the first time to simultaneously detect Cd2+ and Pb2+ in fruit and vegetable. The double-stranded DNA including aptamers were immobilized on the electrode via Au-S bond. Due to the specific binding of aptamer and metal ions, the aptamers labelled with methylene blue or ferrocene were competed off the gold electrode, and the electrochemical signal was decreased. Under the optimal conditions, the electrochemical aptasensor showed linear response to Cd2+ and Pb2+ in the range of 0.1 to 1000 nmol/L, and the detection limits of Cd2+ and Pb2+ achieved 89.31 and 16.44 pmol/L (3σ), respectively. Excellent stability and reproducibility were exhibited with RSD 2.27% (Cd2+) and 3.61% (Pb2+). The digested fruit and vegetable were also tested, and the recoveries were in the range of 90.06% to 97.24%. Thus, this strategy held great potential in monitoring cadmium and lead pollution.
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Uca M, Eksin E, Erac Y, Erdem A. Electrochemical Investigation of Curcumin-DNA Interaction by Using Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles-Ionic Liquids Based Composite Electrodes. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14154344. [PMID: 34361538 PMCID: PMC8347690 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HaP) and ionic liquid (IL) modified pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) are newly developed in this assay. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were applied to examine the microscopic and electrochemical characterization of HaP and IL-modified biosensors. The interaction of curcumin with nucleic acids and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) samples was investigated by measuring the changes at the oxidation signals of both curcumin and guanine by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique. The optimization of curcumin concentration, DNA concentration, and the interaction time was performed. The interaction of curcumin with PCR samples was also investigated by gel electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Uca
- Biotechnology Department, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Ece Eksin
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Yasemin Erac
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Arzum Erdem
- Biotechnology Department, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
- Correspondence: or
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Yaralı E, Erdem A. Cobalt Phthalocyanine-Ionic Liquid Composite Modified Electrodes for the Voltammetric Detection of DNA Hybridization Related to Hepatitis B Virus. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:753. [PMID: 34206863 PMCID: PMC8306960 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) and ionic liquid (IL) modified pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) were designed and implemented to detect sequence-selective DNA hybridization related to the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). The surface characterization of CoPc-IL-PGEs was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the electrochemical behavior of electrodes were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. The voltammetric detection of hybridization was investigated by evaluating the guanine oxidation signal, measured by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique. The implementation of our biosensor to serum samples was also examined using fetal bovine serum (FBS). The detection limit was established as 0.19 µg/mL in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) (pH 7.40) and 2.48 µg/mL in FBS medium. The selectivity of our assay regarding HBV DNA hybridization in FBS medium was tested in the presence of other DNA sequences. With this aim, the hybridization of DNA probe with non-complementary (NC) or mismatched DNA sequence (MM), or in the presence of mixture samples containing DNA target NC (1:1) or DNA target MM (1:1), was studied based on the changes in guanine signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Yaralı
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Arzum Erdem
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey
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Response surface methodology optimized electrochemical DNA biosensor based on HAPNPTs/PPY/MWCNTs nanocomposite for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Talanta 2021; 226:122099. [PMID: 33676656 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
An important issue in the prognosis of tuberculosis (TB) is a short period between correct diagnosis and start the suitable antibiotic therapy. So, a rapid and valid method for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) complex is considered as a necessity. Herein, a rapid, low-cost, and PCR-free DNA biosensor was developed based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), polypyrrole (PPy), and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAPNPs) for highly sensitive and specific recognition of M.tb. The biosensor consisted of M.tb ssDNA probe covalently attached to the HANPs/PPy/MWCNTs/GCE surface that hybridized to a complementary target sequence to form a duplex DNA. The M.tb target recognition was based on the oxidation signal of the electroactive Methylene Blue (MB) on the surface of the modified GCE using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. It is worth to mention that for the first time Plackett-Burman (PB) screening design and response surface method (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was applied as a powerful and an efficient approach to find optimal conditions for maximum M.tb biosensor performance leading to simplicity and rapidity of operation. The proposed DNA biosensor exhibits a wide detection range from 0.25 to 200.0 nM with a low detection limit of 0.141 nM. The performance of designed biosensor for clinical diagnosis and practical applications was revealed through hybridization between DNA probe-modified GCE and extracted DNA from sputum clinical samples.
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Bolat G. Investigation of poly(CTAB-MWCNTs) composite based electrochemical DNA biosensor and interaction study with anticancer drug Irinotecan. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Zhao F, Bai Y, Cao L, Han G, Fang C, Wei S, Chen Z. New electrochemical DNA sensor based on nanoflowers of Cu3(PO4)2-BSA-GO for hepatitis B virus DNA detection. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Ma W, Du H, Zhang M, Mori J, Ren X, Wang H, Zhang X. One-Step Synthesis of Tunable Zinc-Based Nanohybrids as an Ultrasensitive DNA Signal Amplification Platform. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:2983-2990. [PMID: 31854969 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrated a one-step route for the manufacturing of polypyrrole (PPy)/zinc nanohybrids with tunable elemental composition and nanoscale component mixing resolution by using an ultrafast (within tens of seconds) microwave approach for ultrasensitive DNA biosensors. The zinc-based nanoparticles (i.e., MWPPy/ZnO and MWPPy/ZnS) were produced by loading zinc acetate (ZnAc2) on PPy under the electromagnetic environment of a microwave with or without sulfur powder in one pot. Then, the signal amplification platforms were fabricated by modifying the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with the obtained nanohybrids. It was found that both of the resultant MWPPy/ZnO and MWPPy/ZnS were suitable for ultrasensitive DNA molecule detection of the gastric carcinoma related PIK3CA gene ascribing to their unique hybrid nanostructures and surface characteristics. Experimental results revealed that the proposed GCE/MWPPy/ZnO sensor showed a linear range of 1.0 × 10-10 to 1.0 × 10-13 M. Notably, the GCE/MWPPy/ZnS sensor was endowed with promising DNA hybrid selection with a minimum concentration response of 1.0 × 10-18 M. The corresponding detection limit was, respectively, found to be 2.90 × 10-11 and 7.73 × 10-21 M for MWPPy/ZnO- and MWPPy/ZnS-based biosensors. Furthermore, reliable determination of single-base and two-base mismatched DNA are more attractive, which greatly supported the application of the constructed zinc-based nanohybrids for the detection of single nucleotide polymorphism in genetic diseases, biological infectious pathogens, or warning against bio-warfare agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Auburn University , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Haishun Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Auburn University , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Auburn University , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Joakin Mori
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research , Tuskegee University , Tuskegee , Alabama 36088 , United States
| | - Xuehong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , China
| | - Honghe Wang
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research , Tuskegee University , Tuskegee , Alabama 36088 , United States
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Auburn University , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
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Abstract
Infectious diseases are caused from pathogens, which need a reliable and fast diagnosis. Today, expert personnel and centralized laboratories are needed to afford much time in diagnosing diseases caused from pathogens. Recent progress in electrochemical studies shows that biosensors are very simple, accurate, precise, and cheap at virus detection, for which researchers find great interest in this field. The clinical levels of these pathogens can be easily analyzed with proposed biosensors. Their working principle is based on affinity between antibody and antigen in body fluids. The progress still continues on these biosensors for accurate, rapid, reliable sensors in future.
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Kuralay F, Dükar N, Bayramlı Y. Poly-L-lysine Coated Surfaces for Ultrasensitive Nucleic Acid Detection. ELECTROANAL 2018; 30:1556-1565. [PMID: 32313411 PMCID: PMC7163579 DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Poly-L-lysine is one of the biocompatible polymers having amino and carboxyl groups in its structure. This attractive feature of poly-L-lysine makes it very convenient for bioactive molecule attachment. This study details the preparation of poly-L-lysine-based pencil graphite electrodes (PLL/PGEs) and use of the coated electrodes for direct ultrasensitive DNA hybridization detection. In the first part of this study, poly-L-lysine coated electrodes were prepared using L-lysine as the monomer by cyclic voltammetry (CV) with different cyclic scans. The effect of these cyclic scans during the electropolymerization was investigated. Coated electrodes were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, one-pot preparation of poly-L-lysine composites with graphene (GN) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) onto the pencil graphite electrodes were achieved. Electrochemical responses of these 3 electrodes were compared. After all, electrochemical DNA hybridization was performed using the poly-L-lysine-based electrodes prepared at optimum polymerization condition. The PLL/PGE coated electrode presented a good linear response in the target concentration range of 1.0×10-13 to 1.0×10-6 with a detection limit of 2.25×10-14 using differential pulse voltammetry as the detection method. We believe that poly-L-lysine-based surfaces will be useful for further clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Kuralay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and SciencesOrdu University52200OrduTurkeyPhone: +90-452-2345010/1680Fax: +90-452-2339149
| | - Nilgün Dükar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and SciencesOrdu University52200OrduTurkeyPhone: +90-452-2345010/1680Fax: +90-452-2339149
| | - Yaşar Bayramlı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and SciencesOrdu University52200OrduTurkeyPhone: +90-452-2345010/1680Fax: +90-452-2339149
- Espiye Vocational SchoolGiresun University28200GiresunTurkey
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