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Advances in Electrochemical Techniques for the Detection and Analysis of Genetically Modified Organisms: An Analysis Based on Bibliometrics. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10050194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the first successful transgenic plants obtained in 1983, dozens of plants have been tested. On the one hand, genetically modified plants solve the problems of agricultural production. However, due to exogenous genes of transgenic plants, such as its seeds or pollen drift, diffusion between populations will likely lead to superweeds or affect the original traits. The detection technology of transgenic plants and their products have received considerable attention. Electrochemical sensing technology is a fast, low-cost, and portable analysis technology. This review interprets the application of electrochemical technology in the analysis and detection of transgenic products through bibliometrics. A total of 83 research articles were analyzed, spanning 2001 to 2021. We described the different stages in the development history of the subject and the contributions of countries and institutions to the topic. Although there were more annual publications in some years, there was no explosive growth in any period. The lack of breakthroughs in this technology is a significant factor in the lack of experts from other fields cross-examining the subject. Through keyword co-occurrence analysis, different research directions on this topic were discussed. The use of nanomaterials with excellent electrical conductivity allows for more sensitive detection of GM crops by electrochemical sensors. Furthermore, co-citation analysis was used to interpret the most popular reports on the topic. In the end, we predict the future development of this topic according to the analysis results.
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Chou CC, Lin YT, Kuznetsova I, Wang GJ. Genetically Modified Soybean Detection Using a Biosensor Electrode with a Self-Assembled Monolayer of Gold Nanoparticles. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:207. [PMID: 35448267 PMCID: PMC9025051 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we proposed a genosensor that can qualitatively and quantitatively detect genetically modified soybeans using a simple electrode with evenly distributed single layer gold nanoparticles. The DNA sensing electrode is made by sputtering a gold film on the substrate, and then sequentially depositing 1,6-hexanedithiol and gold nanoparticles with sulfur groups on the substrate. Then, the complementary to the CaMV 35S promoter (P35S) was used as the capture probe. The target DNA directly extracted from the genetically modified soybeans rather than the synthesized DNA segments was used to construct the detection standard curve. The experimental results showed that our genosensor could directly detect genetically modified genes extracted from soybeans. We obtained two percentage calibration curves. The calibration curve corresponding to the lower percentage range (1-6%) exhibits a sensitivity of 2.36 Ω/% with R2 = 0.9983, while the calibration curve corresponding to the higher percentage range (6-40%) possesses a sensitivity of 0.1 Ω/% with R2 = 0.9928. The limit of detection would be 1%. The recovery rates for the 4% and 5.7% GMS DNA were measured to be 104.1% and 102.49% with RSD at 6.24% and 2.54%. The gold nanoparticle sensing electrode developed in this research is suitable for qualitative and quantitative detection of genetically modified soybeans and can be further applied to the detection of other genetically modified crops in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chi Chou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
| | - Ying-Ting Lin
- Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
| | - Iren Kuznetsova
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Gou-Jen Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Jamaluddin ND, Mazlan NF, Tan LL, Yusof NYM, Khalid B. G-quadruplex microspheres-based optical RNA biosensor for arthropod-borne virus pathogen detection: A proof-of-concept with dengue serotype 2. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 199:1-9. [PMID: 34922999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus and that the detection of viral RNA itself is highly desirable, which can be achieved by using RNA biosensor diagnostic method. Herein, acrylic micropolymer-based optical RNA biosensor was developed by binding anionic copper(II) phthalocyanine (CPC) planar aromatic ligand to the G-quadruplex DNA probe via end-stacking with π-system of the guanine (G) quartet, and a blue coloration was developed on the G-quadruplex microspheres. Hybridization of G-quadruplex DNA probe with target DENV serotype 2 (DENV2) RNA unfolded the G-quadruplex, and rendering release of the CPC planar optical label, causing discoloration of the G-quadruplex microbiosensor. Optical characterization of the RNA biosensor was performed by means of fiber optic reflectance spectrophotometer at maximum reflectance wavelength of 774 nm. The reflectance response enhancement of the RNA-responsive G-quadruplex-based reflectometric biosensor was linearly proportional to the target oligo DENV2 RNA concentration in the range of 2 zM-2 μM, with a 0.447 zM limit of detection and a rapid response time of 30 min. Heightening in the reflectance signal based on structural transition of G-quadruplex in response to target RNA was successfully implemented in real-time DENV2 detection in non-invasive human fluid samples (i.e. saliva and urine) under informed consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Diyana Jamaluddin
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Nur-Fadhilah Mazlan
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Ling Ling Tan
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Nurul Yuziana Mohd Yusof
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Bahariah Khalid
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Hospital Serdang, Jalan Puchong, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Raja Jamaluddin RZA, Tan LL, Chong KF, Heng LY. An electrochemical DNA biosensor fabricated from graphene decorated with graphitic nanospheres. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:485501. [PMID: 32748805 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abab2e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Graphene decorated with graphitic nanospheres functionalized with pyrene butyric acid (PBA) is used for the first time to fabricate a DNA biosensor. The electrode was formed by attaching a DNA probe onto PBA, which had been stacked onto a graphene material decorated with graphene nanospheres (GNSs). The nanomaterial was drop-coated onto a carbon screen-printed electrode (SPE) to create the GNS-PBA modified electrode (GNS-PBA/SPE). A simple method was used to produce GNS by annealing graphene oxide (GO) solution at high temperature. Field emission scanning electron micrographs confirmed the presence of a spherical shape of GNS with a diameter range of 40-80 nm. A stable and uniform PBA-modified GNS (GNS-PBA) was obtained with a facile ultrasonication step. Thus allowing aminated DNA probes of genetically modified (GM) soybean to be attached to the nanomaterials to form the DNA biosensor. The GNS-PBA/SPE exhibited excellent electrical conductivity via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) tests using potassium ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)6]) as the electroactive probe. By employing an anthraquinone monosulfonic acid (AQMS) redox intercalator as the DNA hybridization indicator, the biosensor response was evaluated using the DPV electrochemical method. A good linear relationship between AQMS oxidation peak current and target DNA concentrations from 1.0 × 10-16 to 1.0 × 10-8 M with a limit of detection (LOD) of less than 1.0 × 10-16 M was obtained. Selectivity experiments revealed that the voltammetric GM DNA biosensor could discriminate complementary sequences of GM soybean from non-complementary sequences and hence good recoveries were obtained for real GM soybean sample analysis. The main advantage of using GNS is an improvement of the DNA biosensor analytical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Zaidatul Akhmar Raja Jamaluddin
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Darul Ehsan 43600, Malaysia
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Liu F, Li K, Zhang Y, Ding J, Wen T, Pei X, Yan Y, Ji W, Liu J, Zhang X, Li L. An electrochemical DNA biosensor based on nitrogen-doped graphene nanosheets decorated with gold nanoparticles for genetically modified maize detection. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:574. [PMID: 32964251 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04511-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A reliable electrochemical biosensor is reported based on nitrogen-doped graphene nanosheets and gold nanoparticle (Au/N-G) nanocomposites for the event-specific detection of GM maize MIR162. The differential pulse voltammetry response of methylene blue (MB) was chosen to monitor the target DNA hybridization event. Under the optimum conditions, the peak current increased linearly with the logarithm of the concentration of DNA in the range 1.0 × 10-14 to 1.0 × 10-8 M, and the detection limit was 2.52 × 10-15 M (S/N = 3). It is also demonstrated that the DNA biosensor has high selectivity, good stability, and fabrication reproducibility. The biosensor has been effectively applied to detect MIR162 in real samples, showing its potential as an effective tool for GM crop analysis. These results will contribute to the development of new portable transgenic detection systems. Graphical abstract .
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuli Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Ding
- School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwu Pei
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongliang Yan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ji
- School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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Krishnan SK, Singh E, Singh P, Meyyappan M, Nalwa HS. A review on graphene-based nanocomposites for electrochemical and fluorescent biosensors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:8778-8881. [PMID: 35517682 PMCID: PMC9062009 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09577a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosensors with high sensitivity, selectivity and a low limit of detection, reaching nano/picomolar concentrations of biomolecules, are important to the medical sciences and healthcare industry for evaluating physiological and metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Kumar Krishnan
- CONACYT-Instituto de Física
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
- Puebla 72570
- Mexico
| | - Eric Singh
- Department of Computer Science
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
| | - Pragya Singh
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30010
- Taiwan
| | - Meyya Meyyappan
- Center for Nanotechnology
- NASA Ames Research Center
- Moffett Field
- Mountain View
- USA
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Raja Jamaluddin RZA, Yook Heng L, Tan LL, Chong KF. Electrochemical Biosensor for Nitrite Based on Polyacrylic-Graphene Composite Film with Covalently Immobilized Hemoglobin. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18051343. [PMID: 29701688 PMCID: PMC5981201 DOI: 10.3390/s18051343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A new biosensor for the analysis of nitrite in food was developed based on hemoglobin (Hb) covalently immobilized on the succinimide functionalized poly(n-butyl acrylate)-graphene [poly(nBA)-rGO] composite film deposited on a carbon-paste screen-printed electrode (SPE). The immobilized Hb on the poly(nBA)-rGO conducting matrix exhibited electrocatalytic ability for the reduction of nitrite with significant enhancement in the reduction peak at −0.6 V versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Thus, direct determination of nitrite can be achieved by monitoring the cathodic peak current signal of the proposed polyacrylic-graphene hybrid film-based voltammetric nitrite biosensor. The nitrite biosensor exhibited a reproducible dynamic linear response range from 0.05–5 mg L−1 nitrite and a detection limit of 0.03 mg L−1. No significant interference was observed by potential interfering ions such as Ca2+, Na+, K+, NH4+, Mg2+, and NO3− ions. Analysis of nitrite in both raw and processed edible bird’s nest (EBN) samples demonstrated recovery of close to 100%. The covalent immobilization of Hb on poly(nBA)-rGO composite film has improved the performance of the electrochemical nitrite biosensor in terms of broader detection range, lower detection limit, and prolonged biosensor stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Zaidatul Akhmar Raja Jamaluddin
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor D. E., Malaysia.
| | - Lee Yook Heng
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor D. E., Malaysia.
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor D. E., Malaysia.
| | - Ling Ling Tan
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor D. E., Malaysia.
| | - Kwok Feng Chong
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, Kuantan 26300, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
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