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Thatikayala D, Min B. Enhancing electrochemical nitrite sensing with a novel nanocomposite of activated carbon/carbon cloth derived from microbial biofilm. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 241:115659. [PMID: 37696222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach was employed to fabricate a biofilm-derived activated carbon (BioAc) electrode on a carbon cloth (Cc) substrate for electrochemical nitrite sensing in water samples. The biofilm/Cc electrode was developed using a bioelectrochemical reactor, featuring a three-electrode system with nutrient media and microbial sources. The resultant biofilm electrode was activated at 450 °C for 2 h to eliminate impurities and enhance porosity. Morphological analysis of the BioAc/Cc electrode revealed a surface characterized by a compact film composed of numerous carbon nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis exhibited broad, highly crystalline peaks, enhancing both the electrode surface area and conductivity. Amperometry tests on the modified BioAc/Cc electrodes demonstrated a detection limit of 0.015 μM, a sensitivity of 1946.54 μA mM-1 cm-2, and a linear range spanning 0.35-478.21 μM at neutral pH conditions. Moreover, the electrodes demonstrated good stability with a RSD of 2.25% after 60 days and high reproducibility with an RSD of 1.64%. Real-time results showed 99.2 and 100.1% recovery for tap water and drinking water, respectively, highlighting the potential for commercialization in the future. These findings suggest that the BioAc/Cc electrode holds substantial potential for precise nitrite detection in environmental and wastewater applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayakar Thatikayala
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Zhang C, Li H, Yang X, Tan X, Wan C, Liu X. Characterization of electrodes modified with sludge-derived biochar and its performance of electrocatalytic oxidation of azo dyes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116445. [PMID: 36352724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis of waste sludge in sewage treatment can achieve a substantial reduction in solid waste and obtain sludge-based biochars with multiple functions. However, the electrochemical properties of sludge-derived biochar as electrode modification material and the electrocatalytic ability of biochar-modified electrodes are still unclear. In this study, sludge-based biochars were prepared at various pyrolysis temperatures (400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C, and 800 °C) and then were cast on glassy carbon electrodes to fabricate composite biochar-electrodes (GC400, GC500, GC600, GC700, and GC800). The results of elemental analysis and Raman spectra showed that sludge-based biochar prepared at higher temperatures exhibited higher aromaticity and degree of defect structures. And the results of cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectra confirmed that biochar-modified electrodes prepared at higher temperatures (>600 °C) possessed better electrocatalytic activity and electrochemical stability, and their higher oxygen evolution potential than control test could improve the electrocatalytic efficiency. In the electrocatalytic oxidation of methyl orange, the removal rate with GC800 was the highest, reaching 94.49% within 240 min, and the removal rates with other composite electrodes were 90.61% (GC700) > 86.96% (GC600) > 80.32% (GC). The free radical quenching experiment revealed that the electrocatalytic degradation of methyl orange mainly depended on the indirect oxidation of hydroxyl radicals generated by electrocatalysis, accounting for 81.3% of the removal rate. The biochar-modified electrode not only greatly improved the electrocatalytic ability of the electrode for the degradation of azo dyes, but also achieved the recycling application of products after pyrolysis of sludge waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute Group Co Ltd, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Huiqi Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute Group Co Ltd, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Xuejun Tan
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute Group Co Ltd, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chunli Wan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Acetylcholinesterase Biosensor Based on Functionalized Renewable Carbon Platform for Detection of Carbaryl in Food. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070486. [PMID: 35884288 PMCID: PMC9313315 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic electrochemical biosensors play an important role in the agri-food sector due to the need to develop sustainable, low-cost, and easy-to-use analytical devices. Such biosensors can be used to monitor pathogens, endocrine disruptors, and pesticides, such as carbaryl, widely used in many crops. The use of renewable carbon (RC) sources, provided from biomass pyrolysis has been often applied in the fabrication of such sensors. This material is a great candidate for biosensor fabrication due to the presence of surface functional groups, porosity, and moderate surface area. This work describes the functionalization of RC material through an acid treatment with a sulfonitric solution HNO3/H2SO4 (1:3) and the resulting material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The obtained RC functionalized (RCF) and the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) were applied in the construction of the electrochemical biosensor on glassy carbon (GC) electrode and used to detect carbaryl in apple samples. The GC/RCF/AChE biosensor was able to detect the carbaryl pesticide from 5.0 to 30.0 nmol L−1, displaying a LOD of 4.5 nmol L−1. The detection of carbaryl in apple samples presented recoveries between 102.5 to 118.6% through the standard addition method. The proposed biosensor is a promising renewable tool for food safety.
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Li Y, Xu R, Wang H, Xu W, Tian L, Huang J, Liang C, Zhang Y. Recent Advances of Biochar-Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12060377. [PMID: 35735525 PMCID: PMC9221240 DOI: 10.3390/bios12060377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In the context of accelerating the global realization of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, biochar produced from biomass feedstock via a pyrolysis process has been more and more focused on by people from various fields. Biochar is a carbon-rich material with good properties that could be used as a carrier, a catalyst, and an absorbent. Such properties have made biochar a good candidate as a base material in the fabrication of electrochemical sensors or biosensors, like carbon nanotube and graphene. However, the study of the applications of biochar in electrochemical sensing technology is just beginning; there are still many challenges to be conquered. In order to better carry out this research, we reviewed almost all of the recent papers published in the past 5 years on biochar-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors. This review is different from the previously published review papers, in which the types of biomass feedstock, the preparation methods, and the characteristics of biochar were mainly discussed. First, the role of biochar in the fabrication of electrochemical sensors and biosensors is summarized. Then, the analytes determined by means of biochar-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors are discussed. Finally, the perspectives and challenges in applying biochar in electrochemical sensors and biosensors are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Xu
- Correspondence: (R.X.); (Y.Z.)
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Electrochemical sensors based on sewage sludge-derived biochar for the analysis of anthocyanins in berry fruits. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:6295-6307. [PMID: 35471251 PMCID: PMC9372006 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04062-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The reutilization of waste and the reduction of the general environmental impact of every production are fundamental goals that must be achieved in the framework of a circular economy. Recycled carbon-rich materials may represent a promising alternative to other less-sustainable carbonaceous materials used in the production of electrochemical sensing platforms. Herein, we propose an innovative carbon paste electrode (CPE) composed of biochar derived from biological sludge obtained from municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants. The physicochemical properties of the biochar after a chemical treatment with an acidic solution obtained from industrial by-products were investigated. The electrode surface characterization was carried out by analyzing common redox probes and multiple phenols bearing varying numbers of –OH and –OCH3 groups in their structure. Furthermore, the CPE was also tested on the evaluation of the phenolic fingerprints of Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. gaultherioides, and Fragaria × ananassa. Standard anthocyanin mixtures and extracts of the aforementioned fruits were analyzed to provide a phenolic characterization of real samples. The obtained results show that the sewage sludge–derived biochar can be a promising material for the development of electroanalytical sensors.
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Novais ADS, Arantes LC, Almeida ES, Rocha RG, Lima CD, Melo LMDA, Richter EM, Munoz RAA, Pio dos Santos WT, da Silva RAB. Fast on-site screening of 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) in forensic samples using carbon screen-printed electrode and square wave voltammetry. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Development of Biochars Derived from Water Bamboo (Zizania latifolia) Shoot Husks Using Pyrolysis and Ultrasound-Assisted Pyrolysis for the Treatment of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) in Wastewater. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13121615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adsorbent made by carbonization of biomass under oxygen-limited conditions has become a promising material for wastewater treatment owing to its cost-effective, simple, and eco-friendly processing method. Ultrasound is considered a green technique to modify carbon materials because it uses water as the solvent. In this study, a comparison of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) adsorption capacity between biochar (BC) generated by pyrolysis of water bamboo (Zizania latifolia) husks at 600 °C and ultrasound-assisted biochar (UBC) produced by pyrolysis at 600 °C assisted by ultrasonic irradiation was performed. UBC showed a greater reaction rate and reached about 80% removal efficiency after 4 h, while it took 24 h for BC to reach that level. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images indicated that the UBC morphology surface was more porous, with the structure of the combination of denser mesopores enhancing physiochemical properties of UBC. By Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET), the specific surface areas of adsorbent materials were analyzed, and the surface areas of BC and UBC were 56.296 m2/g and 141.213 m2/g, respectively. Moreover, the pore volume of UBC was 0.039 cm3/g, which was higher than that of BC at 0.013 cm3/g. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics revealed the better fits of reactions to Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating the inclination towards monolayer adsorption and chemisorption of RB5 on water bamboo husk-based UBC.
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Wong A, de Lima DG, Ferreira PA, Khan S, da Silva RAB, de Faria JLB, Del Pilar Taboada Sotomayor M. Voltammetric sensing of glyphosate in different samples using carbon paste electrode modified with biochar and copper(II) hexadecafluoro-29H,31 phtalocyanine complex. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-021-01539-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Spanu D, Binda G, Dossi C, Monticelli D. Biochar as an alternative sustainable platform for sensing applications: A review. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Wong A, A. Ferreira P, Santos AM, Cincotto FH, Silva RA, Sotomayor MD. A new electrochemical sensor based on eco-friendly chemistry for the simultaneous determination of toxic trace elements. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sfragano PS, Laschi S, Palchetti I. Sustainable Printed Electrochemical Platforms for Greener Analytics. Front Chem 2020; 8:644. [PMID: 32850659 PMCID: PMC7406795 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of miniaturized electrochemical platforms holds considerable importance for the in situ analytical monitoring of clinical, environmental, food, and forensic samples. However, it is crucial to pay attention to the sustainability of materials chosen to fabricate these devices, in order to decrease the amount and the impact of waste coming from their production and use. In the framework of a circular economy and an environmental footprint reduction, the electrochemical sensor production technology must discover the potentiality of innovative approaches based on techniques and materials that can satisfy the needs of environmental-friendly and greener analytics. The aim of this review is to describe some of the printing technologies most used for sensor production, including screen-printing, inkjet-printing, and 3D-printing, and the low-impact materials that are recently proposed for these techniques, such as polylactic acid, cellulose, silk proteins, biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ilaria Palchetti
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Kalinke C, Oliveira PR, Bonet San Emeterio M, González‐Calabuig A, Valle M, Salvio Mangrich A, Humberto Marcolino Junior L, Bergamini MF. Voltammetric Electronic Tongue Based on Carbon Paste Electrodes Modified with Biochar for Phenolic Compounds Stripping Detection. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Kalinke
- Laboratory of Electrochemical SensorsDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Oliveira
- Laboratory of Electrochemical SensorsDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
| | - Marta Bonet San Emeterio
- Sensors and Biosensors GroupDepartment of Chemistry, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Andreu González‐Calabuig
- Sensors and Biosensors GroupDepartment of Chemistry, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Manel Valle
- Sensors and Biosensors GroupDepartment of Chemistry, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Antonio Salvio Mangrich
- Laboratory of Process and Environmental Projects, Department of ChemistryFederal University of Paraná CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Energy and Environment (INCT E&A/CNPq) Brazil
| | - Luiz Humberto Marcolino Junior
- Laboratory of Electrochemical SensorsDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
| | - Márcio F. Bergamini
- Laboratory of Electrochemical SensorsDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
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Liu Y, Yao L, He L, Liu N, Piao Y. Electrochemical Enzyme Biosensor Bearing Biochar Nanoparticle as Signal Enhancer for Bisphenol A Detection in Water. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19071619. [PMID: 30987318 PMCID: PMC6479578 DOI: 10.3390/s19071619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical tyrosinase enzyme (Tyr) biosensor using a highly conductive sugarcane derived biochar nanoparticle (BCNP) as a transducer and signal enhancer (BCNPs/Tyr/Nafion/GCE) was developed for the sensitive detection of bisphenol A (BPA). The BCNPs/Tyr/Nafion/GCE biosensor exhibited improved amperometric current responses such as higher sensing signal, decreased impedance and lowered reduction potential compared with the Tyr/Nafion/GCE due to high conductivity property of the biochar nanoparticle. Under the optimized conditions, it could detect BPA in good sensitivity with linear range from 0.02 to 10 μM, and a lowest detection limit of 3.18 nM. Moreover, it showed a low Km value, high reproducibility and good selectivity over other reagents, and the BCNPs/Tyr complex solution also showed good stability with 86.9% of sensing signal maintained after one month storage. The biosensor was also successfully utilized for real water detection with high accuracy as validated by high performance liquid chromatography. Therefore, the biochar nanoparticle based enzyme biosensor proved to be a potential and reliable method for high performance detection of pollutants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Lan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Lingzhi He
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yunxian Piao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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