1
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Ni Y, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Yamaguchi Y, Dou X. Study of the peak broadening due to detection in the electrophoretic separation of DNA by CE and microchip CE and the application of image sensor for ultra-small detection cell length. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2280-2288. [PMID: 31038284 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Narrow peaks are important to high-resolution and high-speed separation of DNA fragments by capillary electrophoresis and microchip capillary electrophoresis. Detection cell length is one of the broadening factors, which is often ignored in experiments. However, is it always safe to neglect detection cell length under any condition? To answer this question, we investigated the influence of detection cell length by simulation and experiments. A parameter named as detection cell length ratio was proposed to directly compare the detection cell length and the spatial length of sample band. Electrophoretic peaks generated by various detection cell length ratios were analyzed. A simple rule to evaluate the peak broadening due to detection cell length was obtained. The current states of the detection cell length of detection system and their reliabilities in capillary electrophoresis and microchip capillary electrophoresis were analyzed. Microchip capillary electrophoresis detection with an ultra-small detection cell length of 0.36 μm was easily achieved by using an image sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ni
- Institute of Photonics and Bio-medicine, Graduate School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yubin Zhao
- Institute of Photonics and Bio-medicine, Graduate School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qinmiao Chen
- Institute of Photonics and Bio-medicine, Graduate School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yoshinori Yamaguchi
- Institute of Photonics and Bio-medicine, Graduate School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita-city, Osaka, Japan
| | - Xiaoming Dou
- Institute of Photonics and Bio-medicine, Graduate School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita-city, Osaka, Japan.,School of Optoelectronic Engineering, ChangZhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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2
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Nevídalová H, Michalcová L, Glatz Z. Capillary electrophoresis-based approaches for the study of affinity interactions combined with various sensitive and nontraditional detection techniques. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:625-642. [PMID: 30600537 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nearly all processes in living organisms are controlled and regulated by the synergy of many biomolecule interactions involving proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, nucleotides, saccharides, and small molecular weight ligands. There is growing interest in understanding them, not only for the purposes of interactomics as an essential part of system biology, but also in their further elucidation in disease pathology, diagnostics, and treatment. The necessity of detailed investigation of these interactions leads to the requirement of laboratory methods characterized by high efficiency and sensitivity. As a result, many instrumental approaches differing in their fundamental principles have been developed, including those based on capillary electrophoresis. Although capillary electrophoresis offers numerous advantages for such studies, it still has one serious limitation, its poor concentration sensitivity with the most commonly used detection method-ultraviolet-visible spectrometry. However, coupling capillary electrophoresis with a more sensitive detector fulfils the above-mentioned requirement. In this review, capillary electrophoresis combined with fluorescence, mass spectrometry, and several nontraditional detection techniques in affinity interaction studies are summarized and discussed, together with the possibility of conducting these measurements in microchip format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Nevídalová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Michalcová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Glatz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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3
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Ni Y, Liu C, Chen J, Chen Q, Zhu X, Dou X. Effective length calibration method for processing the fluorescence signal detected by charge-coupled device in capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:2054-2061. [PMID: 28252250 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel method named effective length calibration method has been developed to process the fluorescence signal detected by charge-coupled device during capillary electrophoresis. The new method treated each pixel as an individual point detector, and effectively binned a large number of pixels into a final electropherogram without losing the narrow detection window defined by a single pixel. Capillary electrophoresis separations of DNA were carried out and detected by charge-coupled device and conventional detector (photomultiplier tube). Detection properties including signal-to-noise ratio, peak width, detection frequency, and tilt of detector were investigated. It was found that the new method achieved much higher signal-to-noise ratio and smaller peak width than the conventional detector did. A Detection width of 0.5 μm was easily achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ni
- Institute of Photonics and Bio-medicine, Graduate School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- Institute of Photonics and Bio-medicine, Graduate School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jin Chen
- Institute of Photonics and Bio-medicine, Graduate School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qinmiao Chen
- Institute of Photonics and Bio-medicine, Graduate School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xifang Zhu
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering, ChangZhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Dou
- Institute of Photonics and Bio-medicine, Graduate School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China.,School of Optoelectronic Engineering, ChangZhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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4
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LI ZY, SUN K, ZHANG XY, LIU SQ, JIANG L, REN NQ. Advance in Microfluidic Devices for Fractionation of DNA Fragments. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(16)60922-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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6
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Zhang RQ, Liu SL, Zhao W, Zhang WP, Yu X, Li Y, Li AJ, Pang DW, Zhang ZL. A Simple Point-of-Care Microfluidic Immunomagnetic Fluorescence Assay for Pathogens. Anal Chem 2013; 85:2645-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ac302903p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Qiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People’s Republic
of China
- Wuhan Institute
of Biotechnology,
Wuhan, 430075, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Wan-Po Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People’s Republic
of China
| | - An-Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People’s Republic
of China
- Wuhan Institute
of Biotechnology,
Wuhan, 430075, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People’s Republic
of China
- Wuhan Institute
of Biotechnology,
Wuhan, 430075, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Nan H, Yoo DJ, Kang SH. Fast parallel detection of feline panleukopenia virus DNA by multi-channel microchip electrophoresis with programmed step electric field strength. J Sep Sci 2012; 36:350-5. [PMID: 23233436 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A multi-channel microchip electrophoresis using a programmed step electric field strength (PSEFS) method was investigated for fast parallel detection of feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) DNA. An expanded laser beam, a 10× objective lens, and a charge-coupled device camera were used to simultaneously detect the separations in three parallel channels using laser-induced fluorescence detection. The parallel separations of a 100-bp DNA ladder were demonstrated on the system using a sieving gel matrix of 0.5% poly(ethylene oxide) (M(r) = 8 000 000) in the individual channels. In addition, the PSEFS method was also applied for faster DNA separation without loss of resolving power. A DNA size marker, FPV DNA sample, and a negative control were simultaneously analyzed with single-run and one-step detection. The FPV DNA was clearly distinguished within 30 s, which was more than 100 times faster than with conventional slab gel electrophoresis. The proposed multi-channel microchip electrophoresis with PSEFS was demonstrated to be a simple and powerful diagnostic method to analyze multiple disease-related DNA fragments in parallel with high speed, throughput, and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Nan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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8
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Nan H, Lee SW, Kang SH. Fast screening of rice knockout mutants by multi-channel microchip electrophoresis. Talanta 2012; 97:249-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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9
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10
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Su J, Ren K, Dai W, Zhao Y, Zhou J, Wu H. A prototypic system of parallel electrophoresis in multiple capillaries coupled with microwell arrays. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:3324-30. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2011] [Revised: 08/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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AL-Othman ZA, Ali I. NANO CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS IN MICROCHIPS: A NEED OF THE PRESENT CENTURY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.566031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeid A. AL-Othman
- a Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Ali
- b Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University) , New Delhi, India
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12
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Lin SW, Chang CH, Lin CH. High-throughput Fluorescence Detections in Microfluidic Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s2211-4254(11)60005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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A microfluidic device integrated with multichamber polymerase chain reaction and multichannel separation for genetic analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 674:110-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Ross D, Kralj JG. Simple device for multiplexed electrophoretic separations using gradient elution moving boundary electrophoresis with channel current detection. Anal Chem 2009; 80:9467-74. [PMID: 19007187 DOI: 10.1021/ac801597e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new microfluidic electrophoresis device and technique is described that is designed specifically for multiplexed, high-throughput separations. The device consists of an array of short (3 mm) capillaries connecting individual sample reservoirs to a common buffer reservoir. Each capillary in the array functions as both a separation channel and as a conductivity-based detection cell. The new technique is based upon the recently described gradient elution moving boundary electrophoresis (GEMBE) technique, which uses a combination of an electric field and buffer counterflow to achieve electrophoretic separations in short capillaries or microfluidic channels. A high voltage drives electrophoresis of the sample analytes through each separation channel. At the start of a separation, the bulk counterflow of buffer through the channel is high, and none of the analytes of interest can enter the channel. The counterflow is then gradually reduced until each analyte, in turn, is able to enter the channel where it is detected as a moving boundary or step. With very short capillaries, only one step at a time is present in each capillary, and the electric current through the channels can then be used as the detector signal, without any extra detector hardware. The current vs time signal for each channel is then smoothed and differentiated to produce a set of simultaneous electropherograms. Because there is no light source or other added hardware required for detection, the system is simple and can be easily and inexpensively scaled up to perform large numbers of simultaneous analyses. As a first demonstration, a 16-channel array device is used for high-throughput, time-series measurements of enzyme activity and inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ross
- Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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15
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Lin SW, Hsu JH, Chang CH, Lin CH. Objective-type dark-field system applied to multi-wavelength capillary electrophoresis for fluorescent detection and analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 25:450-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2009] [Revised: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Li B, Jiang L, Wang Q, Qin J, Lin B. Micropumps actuated negative pressure injection for microchip electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2009; 29:4906-13. [PMID: 19130570 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A simple negative pressure pinched sample injection method was presented. This method combined diaphragm micropumps and a single voltage supply to generate controllable well-defined sample plug, and led to effective electrophoresis separation. The pinched plug was found to be favorable for obtaining representative and reproducible results that the RSD of the migration time and peak height of sodium fluorescein were 0.5 and 2.1%, respectively (n=25). The established method had been applied in separation of amino acid samples. This method has the advantages of well-defined plug, free sample bias effect, high reproducibility and convenience of controlling the negative pressure by the integrated pumps on the microchip. In addition, the single high voltage supply and the world-to-chip interface simplified the instrumentation, which is of benefit to the minimization and automation. These advantages demonstrate the potential of this method for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, PR China
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17
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Wang L, Liu D, Chen H, Zhou X. A simple and sensitive transient ITP method for on-chip analysis of PCR samples. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:4976-83. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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Ohno KI, Tachikawa K, Manz A. Microfluidics: Applications for analytical purposes in chemistry and biochemistry. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:4443-53. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Zhou J, Wei C, Jia G, Wang X, Tang Q, Feng Z, Li C. The structural transition and compaction of human telomeric G-quadruplex induced by excluded volume effect under cation-deficient conditions. Biophys Chem 2008; 136:124-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2008.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2008] [Revised: 05/15/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Dishinger JF, Kennedy RT. Multiplexed detection and applications for separations on parallel microchips. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:3296-305. [PMID: 18702055 PMCID: PMC2597776 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Much work has been performed since the development of the lab-on-a-chip concept that has brought microfabricated systems to the forefront of bioanalytical research. The success of using these microchips for performing complicated biological assays faster and cheaper than conventional methods has facilitated their emerging popularity among researchers. A recently exploited advantage of microfabricated technology has led to the creation of single wafers with multiple channel manifolds for high-throughput experiments. Efforts toward parallel microchip development have yielded fascinating new devices for chemical separations showing the potential for replacing conventional multiplexing techniques. This review will focus on recent work toward multiplexed separations on microdevices and complementary detection instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert T. Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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21
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Whiting CE, Dua RA, Duffy CF, Arriaga EA. Determining under- and oversampling of individual particle distributions in microfluidic electrophoresis with orthogonal laser-induced fluorescence detection. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1431-40. [PMID: 18386300 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This report investigates the effects of sample size on the separation and analysis of individual biological particles using microfluidic devices equipped with an orthogonal LIF detector. A detection limit of 17 +/- 1 molecules of fluorophore is obtained using this orthogonal LIF detector under a constant flow of fluorescein, which is a significant improvement over epifluorescence, the most common LIF detection scheme used with microfluidic devices. Mitochondria from rat liver tissue and cultured 143B osteosarcoma cells are used as model biological particles. Quantile-quantile (q-q) plots were used to investigate changes in the distributions. When the number of detected mitochondrial events became too large (>72 for rat liver and >98 for 143B mitochondria), oversampling occurs. Statistical overlap theory is used to suggest that the cause of oversampling is that separation power of the microfluidic device presented is not enough to adequately separate large numbers of individual mitochondrial events. Fortunately, q-q plots make it possible to identify and exclude these distributions from data analysis. Additionally, when the number of detected events became too small (<55 for rat liver and <81 for 143B mitochondria) there were not enough events to obtain a statistically relevant mobility distribution, but these distributions can be combined to obtain a statistically relevant electrophoretic mobility distribution.
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Gao Y, Luo Y, Qin J, Lin B. A multichannel electrophoresis microchip platform for rapid chiral selector screening. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1918-23. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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23
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Shi B, Huang W, Cheng J. Analysis of amino acids in human vascular endothelial (ECV-304) cells by microchip electrophoresis with fluorescence detection. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:1144-50. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Wu D, Qin J, Lin B. Electrophoretic separations on microfluidic chips. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1184:542-59. [PMID: 18207148 PMCID: PMC7094303 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.11.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2007] [Revised: 11/17/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review presents a brief outline and novel developments of electrophoretic separation in microfluidic chips. Distinct characteristics of microchip electrophoresis (MCE) are discussed first, in which sample injection plug, joule heat, channel turn, surface adsorption and modification are introduced, and some successful strategies and recognized conclusions are also included. Important achievements of microfluidic electrophoresis separation in small molecules, DNA and protein are then summarized. This review is aimed at researchers, who are interested in MCE and want to adopt MCE as a functional unit in their integrated microsystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jianhua Qin
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Bingcheng Lin
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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25
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Cong Y, Zhang L, Tao D, Liang Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y. Miniaturized two-dimensional capillary electrophoresis on a microchip for analysis of the tryptic digest of proteins. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:588-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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26
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Pozo-Ayuso DF, Castaño-Álvarez M, Fernández-la-Villa A, García-Granda M, Fernández-Abedul MT, Costa-García A, Rodríguez-García J. Fabrication and evaluation of single- and dual-channel (Π-design) microchip electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1180:193-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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27
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Peng Y, Pallandre A, Tran NT, Taverna M. Recent innovations in protein separation on microchips by electrophoretic methods. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:157-78. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Shen Z, Liu X, Zhou X, Liang A, Wu D, Yu L, Dai Z, Qin J, Lin B. Quantitative evaluation of the interaction between netropsin and double stranded oligodeoxynucleotides by microfabricated capillary array electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:1544-8. [PMID: 17623435 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Microfabricated capillary array electrophoresis (micro-CAE) was applied to study the interaction between minor groove binder netropsin and a non-selfcomplementary 12 mer double stranded oligodeoxynucleotide: d(CCCCTATACCGC).d(GCGGTATAGGGG). ESI-MS was used to provide an independent verification of the microchip electrophoresis derived data. Simultaneous parallel quantitative assay of multiple samples was performed in a single run (<50 s) on the self-developed micro-CAE device. The binding constant and stoichiometry calculated from Scatchard plot were (2.88 +/- 0.23)x10(5) M(-1) and 1:1, respectively. The values showed a good quantitative agreement with the results determined by ESI-MS and those using other methods reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Shen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, PR China
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29
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Kuswandi B, Nuriman, Huskens J, Verboom W. Optical sensing systems for microfluidic devices: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 601:141-55. [PMID: 17920386 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2007] [Revised: 08/22/2007] [Accepted: 08/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Hunt HC, Wilkinson JS. Optofluidic integration for microanalysis. MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS 2007; 4:53-79. [PMID: 32214954 PMCID: PMC7087941 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-007-0223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2007] [Accepted: 07/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This review describes recent research in the application of optical techniques to microfluidic systems for chemical and biochemical analysis. The "lab-on-a-chip" presents great benefits in terms of reagent and sample consumption, speed, precision, and automation of analysis, and thus cost and ease of use, resulting in rapidly escalating adoption of microfluidic approaches. The use of light for detection of particles and chemical species within these systems is widespread because of the sensitivity and specificity which can be achieved, and optical trapping, manipulation and sorting of particles show significant benefits in terms of discrimination and reconfigurability. Nonetheless, the full integration of optical functions within microfluidic chips is in its infancy, and this review aims to highlight approaches, which may contribute to further miniaturisation and integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish C. Hunt
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ UK
| | - James S. Wilkinson
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ UK
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Abstract
Microfluidic devices have been widely used to derivatize, separate, and detect amino acids employing many different strategies. Virtually zero-dead volume interconnections and fast mass transfer in small volume microchannels enable dramatic increases in on-chip derivatization reaction speed, while only minute amounts of sample and reagent are needed. Due to short channel path, fast subsecond separations can be carried out. With sophisticated miniaturized detectors, the whole analytical process can be integrated on one platform. This article reviews developments of lab-on-chip technology in amino acid analysis, it shows important design features such as sample preconcentration, precolumn and postcolumn amino acid derivatization, and unlabeled and labeled amino acid detection with focus on advanced designs. The review also describes important biomedical and space exploration applications of amino acid analysis on microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pumera
- ICYS, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan.
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32
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Zhang L, Yin X. Parallel separation of multiple samples with negative pressure sample injection on a 3-D microfluidic array chip. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:1281-8. [PMID: 17366485 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A simple and powerful microfluidic array chip-based electrophoresis system, which is composed of a 3-D microfluidic array chip, a microvacuum pump-based negative pressure sampling device, a high-voltage supply and an LIF detector, was developed. The 3-D microfluidic array chip was fabricated with three glass plates, in which a common sample waste bus (SW(bus)) was etched in the bottom layer plate to avoid intersecting with the separation channel array. The negative pressure sampling device consists of a microvacuum air pump, a buffer vessel, a 3-way electromagnet valve, and a vacuum gauge. In the sample loading step, all the six samples and buffer solutions were drawn from their reservoirs across the injection intersections through the SW(bus) toward the common sample waste reservoir (SW(T)) by negative pressure. Only 0.5 s was required to obtain six pinched sample plugs at the channel crossings. By switching the three-way electromagnetic valve to release the vacuum in the reservoir SW(T), six sample plugs were simultaneously injected into the separation channels by EOF and electrophoretic separation was activated. Parallel separations of different analytes are presented on the 3-D array chip by using the newly developed sampling device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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Götz S, Karst U. Recent developments in optical detection methods for microchip separations. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 387:183-92. [PMID: 17031620 PMCID: PMC7080113 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2006] [Revised: 08/18/2006] [Accepted: 08/31/2006] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper summarizes the features and performances of optical detection systems currently applied in order to monitor separations on microchip devices. Fluorescence detection, which delivers very high sensitivity and selectivity, is still the most widely applied method of detection. Instruments utilizing laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and lamp-based fluorescence along with recent applications of light-emitting diodes (LED) as excitation sources are also covered in this paper. Since chemiluminescence detection can be achieved using extremely simple devices which no longer require light sources and optical components for focusing and collimation, interesting approaches based on this technique are presented, too. Although UV/vis absorbance is a detection method that is commonly used in standard desktop electrophoresis and liquid chromatography instruments, it has not yet reached the same level of popularity for microchip applications. Current applications of UV/vis absorbance detection to microchip separations and innovative approaches that increase sensitivity are described. This article, which contains 85 references, focuses on developments and applications published within the last three years, points out exciting new approaches, and provides future perspectives on this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Götz
- Chemical Analysis Group and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Karst
- Chemical Analysis Group and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Present Address: Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Abstract
The history and current status of research on microfluidics in China is summarized in this review. The recent representative contributions in this field by Chinese scientists are cited. A perspective on some trends in future development of this field in China is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingcheng Lin
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, PR China.
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