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Ghani M, Jafari Z, Raoof JB. Porous agarose/chitosan/graphene oxide composite coupled with deep eutectic solvent for thin film microextraction of chlorophenols. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1694:463899. [PMID: 36893508 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
In this project, a three-dimensional graphene oxide coated agarose/chitosan (ACGO) porous film was synthesized and utilized as sorbent in thin film microextraction (TFME) technique to extract 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 3,5-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol as the model analytes in various real samples such as agricultural waste water, honey and tea samples. In addition, deep eutectic solvent made of tetra ethyl ammonium chloride/chlorine chloride was used as a desorption solvent. The effect of various variables, such as: extraction time, stirring rate, solvent desorption volume, desorption time, ionic strength and solution pH on the extraction efficiency of the method was studied and optimized. Under the optimized condition, the linear range of the method was obtained in the range of 0.1-500μgL-1 for testing analytes (4-chloropheol=0.1-500μgL-1, 2,4-dichlorophenol=0.2-500μgL-1, 3,5-dichlorophenol=0.5-500μgL-1 and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol=0.2-500μgL-1). The obtained correlation coefficients (r2) were between 0.9984 and 0.9994. The limits of detection (LODs) were also calculated between 0.03 - 0.13μgL-1. The relative standard deviations (RSDs%) were obtained in the range of 2.8 to 5.9%. The enrichment factor (EFs) values for the studied analytes were also obtained in the range of 33.4-35.8. In addition, the obtained results indicated that the prepared film can potentially be used for more applications in the field of environment, food safety, and drug analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ghani
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
| | - Zahra Jafari
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Jahan Bakhsh Raoof
- Electroanalytical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
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2
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Subhan MA, Chandra Saha P, Hossain A, Asiri AM, Alam MM, Al-Mamun M, Ghann W, Uddin J, Raihan T, Azad AK, Rahman MM. Photocatalytic performance, anti-bacterial activities and 3-chlorophenol sensor fabrication using MnAl 2O 4·ZnAl 2O 4 nanomaterials. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:5872-5889. [PMID: 36132679 PMCID: PMC9419424 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00627d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A MnAl2O4·ZnAl2O4 nanomaterial was synthesized by co-precipitation and characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, AFM, FTIR, PL, CV and EIS. The photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite against MV dye and its MDR anti-bacterial functions were studied. The nanocomposite shows excellent photocatalytic as well as anti-bacterial activity. A MnAl2O4·ZnAl2O4 nanomaterial/Nafion/GCE electrode was fabricated and implemented as the working electrode of a 3-CP sensor. The sensor exhibited good sensitivity, with the lowest detection limit, fast response time, large linear dynamic range (LDR), and long-term stability in the chemical environment. The estimated sensitivity is 70.07 μA mM-1 cm-2. The LDR, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) are 0.1 nM to 0.01 M, 0.0014 ± 0.0001 nM, and 0.004 nM, respectively. The MnAl2O4·ZnAl2O4 nanomaterial/Nafion/GCE is a promising fabricated sensor probe for the selective detection of 3-CP for the environmental safety and healthcare fields on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet 3114 Bangladesh
| | - Pallab Chandra Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet 3114 Bangladesh
| | - Anwar Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet 3114 Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University P. O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - M M Alam
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet 3114 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Al-Mamun
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Griffith School of Environment, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University QLD 4222 Australia
| | - William Ghann
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University Baltimore MD 21216 USA
| | - Jamal Uddin
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University Baltimore MD 21216 USA
| | - Topu Raihan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet 3114 Bangladesh
| | - A K Azad
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet 3114 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed M Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University P. O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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Katowah DF, Mohammed GI, Adeosun WA, Asiri AM, Hussein MA. Impact of CuO nanoparticles on the performance of ternary conductive C-PANI/(OXSWCNTs-GO-CS)/CuO network as a selective chlorophenol sensor. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2021.1904986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dina F. Katowah
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gharam I. Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waheed A. Adeosun
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abullah M. Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. Hussein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Phthalocyanine sheet polymer based amperometric sensor for the selective detection of 2,4-dichlorophenol. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ezzat S, A Ahmed M, E Amr AEG, A Al-Omar M, H Kamel A, Khalifa NM. Single-Piece All-Solid-State Potential Ion-Selective Electrodes Integrated with Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) for Neutral 2,4-Dichlorophenol Assessment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E2924. [PMID: 31510026 PMCID: PMC6766229 DOI: 10.3390/ma12182924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel single-piece all-solid-state ion-selective electrode (SC/ISE) based on carbon-screen printed is introduced. Polyaniline (PANI) is dissolved in a membrane cocktail that contains the same components used for making a conventional ion-selective polyvinyl chloride (PVC) matrix membrane. The membrane, having the PANI, is directly drop-casted on a carbon substrate (screen-printed-carbon electrode). PANI was added to act as an intermediary between the substrate and the membrane for the charge transfer process. Under non-equilibrium sensing mechanism, the sensors revealed high sensitivity towards 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP) over the linearity range 0.47 to 13 µM and a detection limit 0.13 µm. The selectivity was measured by the modified separate solution method (MSSM) and showed good selectivity towards 2,4-DCP over the most commonly studied ions. All measurements were done in 30 mm Tris buffer solution at a pH 5.0. Using constant-current chronopotentiometry, the potential drift for the proposed electrodes was checked. Improvement in the potential stability of the SPE was observed after the addition of PANI in the sensing membrane as compared to the corresponding coated-wire electrode (membrane without PANI). The applicability of the sensor has been checked by measuring 2,4-DCP in different water samples and the results were compared with the standard HPLC method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Ezzat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
- Chemistry Department, College for Women, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, 11751 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mona A Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, College for Women, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, 11751 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abd El-Galil E Amr
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, 12622 Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Al-Omar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ayman H Kamel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nagy M Khalifa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, 12622 Giza, Egypt.
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Shi L, Wang J, Feng J, Zhao S, Wang Z, Tao H, Liu S. Determination of chlorophenols in water using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with water-in-oil microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography in normal stacking mode. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:2662-2670. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ludi Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Jin Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Jing Feng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Sihan Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Zhengmeng Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Hu Tao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Shuhui Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Northwest A and F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
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Karimiyan H, Hadjmohammadi M. Ultrasound-assisted supramolecular-solvent-based microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of chlorophenols in environmental water samples. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4740-4747. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Karimiyan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Mazandaran; Babolsar Iran
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Fang R, Yi LX, Shao YX, Zhang L, Chen GH. ON-LINE PRECONCENTRATION IN CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS FOR ANALYSIS OF AGROCHEMICAL RESIDUES. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.794740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rou Fang
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China
| | - Ling-Xiao Yi
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China
| | - Yu-Xiu Shao
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China
| | - Li Zhang
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China
| | - Guan-Hua Chen
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China
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He H, Zhuang Y, Peng Y, Gao Z, Yang S, Sun C. Solid-phase microextraction based on polyaniline doped with perfluorooctanesulfonic acid coupled to HPLC for the quantitative determination of chlorophenols in water samples. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:427-33. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of the Environment; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of the Environment; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - Ying Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of the Environment; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Zhanqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of the Environment; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - Shaogui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of the Environment; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - Cheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; School of the Environment; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
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10
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Lu L, Chen Y, Yu X, Wu X, Tang F, Wu X. Pressurized CEC with amperometric detection using mixed-mode monolithic column for rapid analysis of chlorophenols and phenol. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:2049-57. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Tak YH, Toraño JS, Somsen GW, de Jong GJ. Optimization of in-line fritless solid-phase extraction for capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1267:138-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Botello I, Borrull F, Aguilar C, Calull M. Investigation of in-line solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of drugs of abuse and their metabolites in water samples. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:528-35. [PMID: 22287181 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, in-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) was used as an enrichment technique in combination with CE for the preconcentration and separation of 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP), cocaine (COC), codeine (COD) and 6-acetylmorphine (6AM). The separation buffer (BGE) used was 80 mM disodium phosphate anhydrous and 6 mM of HCl (final BGE pH of 3). The SPE extractor consists of a small segment of capillary filled with Oasis HLB sorbent and inserted into the inlet section of the electrophoretic capillary. Different parameters affecting preconcentration were evaluated, such as sample pH, the volume of the elution plug and sample injection time. The detection limits (LODs) reached for standard samples by in-line SPE-CE-UV ranged between 50 and 200 ng/L, with sensitivity enhancement factors ranging from 2300 to 5300. Reproducibility values (expressed in terms of relative standard deviation) were below 7.6% for standard samples. This is a simple and an effective method for the determination of the studied drugs of abuse and their metabolites. The applicability of the developed method was demonstrated in tap and river water samples which were directly analyzed without any off-line pretreatment. Analytical parameters were evaluated and LODs were between 70 and 270 ng/L with relative recoveries between 85 and 97%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Botello
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo, Tarragona, Spain
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Ho TT, Chen CY, Li ZG, Yang TCC, Lee MR. Determination of chlorophenols in landfill leachate using headspace sampling with ionic liquid-coated solid-phase microextraction fibers combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 712:72-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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14
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Xia Z, Gan T, Chen H, Lv R, Wei W, Yang F. A new open tubular capillary microextraction and sweeping for the analysis of super low concentration of hydrophobic compounds. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:3221-30. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Rodríguez‐Gonzalo E, Ruano‐Miguel L, Carabias‐Martínez R. In‐capillary microextraction using monolithic polymers: Application to preconcentration of carbamate pesticides prior to their separation by MEKC. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1913-22. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Rodríguez-Gonzalo E, Domínguez-Álvarez J, Ruano-Miguel L, Carabias-Martínez R. In-capillary preconcentration of pirimicarb and carbendazim with a monolithic polymeric sorbent prior to separation by CZE. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:4066-77. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Morales-Cid G, Simonet BM, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Electrical field-assisted solid-phase extraction coupled on-line to capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:2033-40. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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18
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Puig P, Borrull F, Calull M, Aguilar C. Sorbent preconcentration procedures coupled to capillary electrophoresis for environmental and biological applications. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 616:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Revised: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Macià A, Borrull F, Calull M, Benavente F, Hernández E, Sanz-Nebot V, Barbosa J, Aguilar C. Sensitivity enhancement for the analysis of naproxen in tap water by solid-phase extraction coupled in-line to capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:872-80. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Dabek-Zlotorzynska E, Celo V, Yassine MM. Recent advances in CE and CEC of pollutants. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:310-23. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Tempels FWA, Underberg WJM, Somsen GW, de Jong GJ. Design and applications of coupled SPE-CE. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:108-28. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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22
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Recent advances in coupling solid-phase extraction and capillary electrophoresis (SPE–CE). Trends Analyt Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2007.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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