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Ravald H, Wiedmer SK. Potential of liposomes and lipid membranes for the separation of β-blockers by capillary electromigration and liquid chromatographic techniques. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464265. [PMID: 37573755 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
β-Blockers belong to a frequently used class of drugs primarily used to treat heart and circulatory conditions. Here we describe the use of lipid vesicles and liposomes as cell membrane biomimicking models in capillary electromigration (CE) and liquid chromatography (LC) techniques for the investigation of interactions between lipid membranes and β-blockers. In addition to liposomes, the use of commercial intravenous lipid emulsions, and their interactions with β-blockers are also discussed. Different CE and LC instrumental techniques designed for these purposes are introduced. Other methodologies for studying interactions between β-blockers and lipid membranes are also briefly discussed, and the different methodologies are compared. The aim is to give the reader a good overview on the status of the use of liposomes and lipids in CE and LC for studying β-blocker interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Ravald
- Department of Chemistry, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, POB 55, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanne K Wiedmer
- Department of Chemistry, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, POB 55, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Semail NF, Keyon ASA, Saad B, Kamaruzaman S, Zain NNM, Lim V, Miskam M, Abdullah WNW, Raoov M, Yahaya N. Induced sample via transient isotachophoresis mediated with sweeping in micellar electrokinetic chromatography for the dual-stacking strategy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in environmental water samples. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1685:463616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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3
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Chiral Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1626:461383. [PMID: 32797856 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The potential of Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography to achieve enantiomeric separations is reviewed in this article. The separation principles and the most frequently employed separation strategies to achieve chiral separations by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography are described. The use of chiral micellar systems alone or combined with other micellar systems or chiral selectors, as well as of mixtures of achiral micellar systems with chiral selectors is discussed together with the effect of different additives present in the separation medium. Indirect methods based on the derivatization of analytes with chiral derivatizing reagents and the use of achiral micelles are also considered. Preconcentration techniques employed to improve sensitivity and the main approaches developed to facilitate the coupling with Mass Spectrometry are included. The most recent and relevant methodologies developed by chiral Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography and their applications in different fields are presented.
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4
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Multivariable optimization of the micellar system for the ionic liquid-modified MEKC separation of phenolic acids. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 126:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Sieradzka E, Witt K, Milnerowicz H. The application of capillary electrophoresis techniques in toxicological analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1507-13. [PMID: 24828301 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) comprises a group of techniques used to separate chemical mixtures. Analytical separation is based on different electrophoretic mobilities, thereby allowing qualitative and quantitative evaluations to be made. The application of CE in medical science, especially in toxicological studies, is developing rapidly because of the short time required for analysis and its high sensitivity, selectivity and ability to determine substances of an acidic, alkaline and neutral character. This review focuses on the possibility of applying CE in toxicological analysis. Advances in different CE analyses and detection techniques connected with this method are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Sieradzka
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
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Fang R, Yi LX, Shao YX, Zhang L, Chen GH. ON-LINE PRECONCENTRATION IN CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS FOR ANALYSIS OF AGROCHEMICAL RESIDUES. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.794740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rou Fang
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China
| | - Ling-Xiao Yi
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China
| | - Yu-Xiu Shao
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China
| | - Li Zhang
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China
| | - Guan-Hua Chen
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China
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El Deeb S, Dawwas HA, Gust R. Recent methodological and instrumental development in MEKC. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:1295-303. [PMID: 23417897 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The review gives an update about the methodological and instrumental developments in micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography as a type of CE analytical technique. Here, the last two years development of the technique are particularly presented. Recent approaches to improve sensitivity are discussed. Newly introduced concentration techniques and experimental methods for verification of the different mechanisms and processes of micellar electrokinetic chromatography analysis are highlighted. A theoretical model to explain changes in separation and electrophoretic mobility order of fully charged analytes are demonstrated. Modern approaches for improving compatibility of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography to mass spectrometry are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami El Deeb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Zhang Z, Zhang F, Liu Y. Recent Advances in Enhancing the Sensitivity and Resolution of Capillary Electrophoresis. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 51:666-83. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmt012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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9
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Silva M. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography: A review of methodological and instrumental innovations focusing on practical aspects. Electrophoresis 2012; 34:141-58. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Silva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Rabanales Campus; University of Cordoba; Cordoba; Spain
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Bhowmik SK, Jung BH. Analysis of plasma nucleotides in rat by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:1426-1436. [PMID: 22592986 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The aim of this study was to establish a simultaneous quantitative analysis method of nine endogenous nucleotides in rat plasma using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MEKC/ESI-MS). METHODS To select the optimum conditions for separation of the nucleotides, various pH, concentrations of running buffers and surfactants were tested. Ammonium acetate (20 mM) containing the surfactant dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (2 mM, pH 3.5) was selected as the micellar running buffer. The plasma samples were prepared by precipitating the proteins with 2 mM EDTA in 60% ethanol. The samples were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis (CE)/MS and selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode with positive ionization. CE was performed using a silica capillary column in reversed polarity mode. RESULTS The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) of the nucleotides ranged from 0.05-5 and 2.0-20 μM, respectively. The calibration curves were linear (R(2) >0.99) for all analytes, and the accuracy and precision were within ±15%. The developed method was applied to the analysis of nucleotides in rat plasma that was collected after oral administration of acetaminophen (1000 mg/kg/day) to evaluate the changes in plasma nucleotide levels under hepatotoxic conditions. CONCLUSIONS Decreased level of GTP and increased level of cytosine nucleotides were found to be associated with liver toxicity, which led to the conclusion that liver toxicity is closely related to changes in nucleotide levels in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salil Kumar Bhowmik
- Molecular Recognition Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
AbstractEnantiomers (stereoisomers) can exhibit substantially different properties if present in chiral environments. Since chirality is a basic property of nature, the different behaviors of the individual enantiomers must be carefully studied and properly treated. Therefore, enantioselective separations are a very important part of separation science. To achieve the separation of enantiomers, an enantioselective environment must be created by the addition of a chiral selector to the separation system. Many chiral selectors have been designed and used in various fields, such as the analyses of drugs, food constituents and agrochemicals. The most popular have become the chiral selectors and/or chiral stationary phases that are of general use, i.e., are applicable in various separation systems and allow for chiral separation of structurally different compounds. This review covers the most important chiral selectors / chiral stationary phases described and applied in high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis during the period of the last three years (2008–2011).
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Stanley B, Lucy CA. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography with acid labile surfactant. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1226:55-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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13
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Pino V, Germán-Hernández M, Martín-Pérez A, Anderson JL. Ionic Liquid-Based Surfactants in Separation Science. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2011.620589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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14
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Rabanes HR, Guidote AM, Quirino JP. Capillary electrophoresis of natural products: Highlights of the last five years (2006-2010). Electrophoresis 2011; 33:180-95. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Kašička V. Recent developments in CE and CEC of peptides (2009-2011). Electrophoresis 2011; 33:48-73. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Cheng C, Tsai HR. Application of simple on-line sweeping sample concentration technique coupled micellar electrokinetic chromatography for simultaneous analysis of estrogen and androgen epimer. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:728-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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17
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Gotti R. Capillary electrophoresis of phytochemical substances in herbal drugs and medicinal plants. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 55:775-801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Baños CE, Silva M. A novel clean-up method for urine analysis of low-molecular mass aldehydes by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:1412-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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19
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MEKC Determination of Nilutamide in Human Serum Using Sweeping in High Salt Sample Matrix. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2019-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Řemínek R, Glatz Z. Study of atypical kinetic behaviour of cytochrome P450 2C9 isoform with diclofenac at low substrate concentrations by sweeping-MEKC combination. J Sep Sci 2011; 33:3201-6. [PMID: 20848598 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In view of the fact that several studies have shown that diclofenac hydroxylation by cytochrome P450 2C9 deviated from Michaelis-Menten kinetics at low substrate concentrations, sweeping combined with MEKC was applied for the kinetic study of this pharmacologically important reaction. A 50 μm fused silica capillary (56 cm effective length) was used to carry out all separations. 70 mM SDS in 20 mM phosphate 20 mM tetraborate buffer, pH 8.6, was used as the BGE. Injection was accomplished by the application of 50 mbar (5 kPa) pressure to the sample vial for 52 s. Separation was performed at 22 kV (positive polarity), with a capillary temperature of 25°C and detection at 200 nm. The higher sensitivity of the sweeping-MEKC combination compared with the simple MEKC method enabled this reaction to be fitted to a Hill kinetic model and confirmed the findings of other authors. A Michaelis constant of 2.91±0.10 μM, maximum reaction velocity of 9.16±0.16 nmol/min/nmol and Hill coefficient of 1.66±0.08 were determined. This value of Hill coefficient confirms the presence of a positive cooperativity at low diclofenac concentrations and supports the hypothesis of two substrates binding at or near the active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Řemínek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Use of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination of carbamates in juice samples by sweeping-micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:1329-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4682-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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On-Column Preconcentration of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in River Water by Anion-Selective Exhaustive Injection-Sweeping-MEKC. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-010-1817-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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El Deeb S, Iriban MA, Gust R. MEKC as a powerful growing analytical technique. Electrophoresis 2010; 32:166-83. [PMID: 21171121 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the principle and the developments in MEKC in terms of separation power, sensitivity, and detection approaches more than 25 years after its appearance. Newly used surfactants are mentioned. Classical and new sample concentration techniques in MEKC are described. The different detection approaches in MEKC with advantages, limitations, and future prospects are also discussed. This review highlights the wider application of MEKC in different analytical fields. Various recent selected applications of this technique in different analytical fields are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami El Deeb
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Carvalho AZ, El-Attug MN, Zayed SE, Hove EV, Duppen JV, Hoogmartens J, Schepdael AV. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography method development for determination of impurities in Ritonavir. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:1210-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2010] [Revised: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Malá Z, Gebauer P, Boček P. Contemporary sample stacking in analytical electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2010; 32:116-26. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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26
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Silva M. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography: A practical overview of current methodological and instrumental advances. Electrophoresis 2010; 32:149-65. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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27
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Wang S, Fan L, Zhou W. Sensitive Analysis of 5-(4,6-Dichloro-s-triazin-2-ylamino)fluorescein-Labeled Catecholamines by Mixed MEKC–LIF. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Bendazzoli C, Mileo E, Lucarini M, Olmo S, Cavrini V, Gotti R. Capillary electrophoretic study on the interaction between sodium dodecyl sulfate and neutral cyclodextrins. Mikrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-010-0403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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29
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Baños CE, Silva M. Analysis of low-molecular mass aldehydes in drinking waters through capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:2028-36. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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30
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Somsen GW, Mol R, de Jong GJ. On-line coupling of electrokinetic chromatography and mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:3978-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Revised: 12/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Tropane alkaloid analysis by chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques: An update. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:1391-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2010] [Revised: 02/27/2010] [Accepted: 03/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Haunschmidt M, Ortner K, Hainz K, Bradt E, Sternbauer L, Buchberger W, Klampfl CW. Investigations on the migration behavior of insulin and related synthetic analogues in CZE, MEKC and MEEKC employing different surfactants. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:1560-4. [PMID: 20358538 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The retention/migration behavior of insulin and five synthetic insulin analogues in CZE, MEKC and MEEKC employing seven different detergents within the latter two techniques has been investigated. Substantial changes in separation selectivity in MEKC could be observed for several insulins when moving from SDS to cholate-based micellar systems. Customized separations could be achieved by using mixtures of SDS and deoxycholate. A similar effect could be observed in MEEKC although the overall quality of MEEKC separations was inferior to those obtained with MEKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Haunschmidt
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes-Kepler-University, Linz, Austria
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A fast determination of yohimbine in pharmaceuticals by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. OPEN CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-009-0149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractA method for the fast determination of yohimbine, a potent adrenoreceptor antagonist used for the treatment of sexual dysfunctions, is proposed in this article. MEKC under basic and acidic conditions (sodium borate, pH 9.5 and sodium phosphate, pH 2.5) with SDS was developed. The effect of the experimental parameters, e.g. pH, SDS concentration and injection time, on yohimbine migration was also studied. Both methods were validated in terms of linearity, limits of detection and quantification, accuracy, and precision using caffeine as an internal standard. The application for the determination of yohimbine in hand-made medicaments is also investigated in this study.
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Mikus P, Maráková K. Advanced CE for chiral analysis of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers in biological samples. Electrophoresis 2010; 30:2773-802. [PMID: 19653234 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An analysis of recent trends indicates that CE can show real advantages over chromatographic methods in ultratrace enantioselective determination of biologically active compounds in complex biological matrices. It is due to high separation efficiency and many applicable in-capillary electromigration effects in CE (countercurrent migration, stacking effects) enhancing significantly (enantio)separability and enabling effective sample preparation (preconcentration, purification, analyte derivatization). Other possible on-line combinations of CE, such as column coupled CE-CE techniques and implementation of nonelectrophoretic techniques (extraction, membrane filtration, flow injection) into CE, offer additional approaches for highly effective sample preparation and separation. CE matured to a highly flexible and compatible technique enabling its hyphenation with powerful detection systems allowing extremely sensitive detection (e.g. LIF) and/or structural characterization of analytes (e.g. MS). Within the last decade, more as well as less conventional analytical on-line approaches have been effectively utilized in this field and their practical potentialities are demonstrated on many new application examples in this article. Here, three basic areas of (enantioselective) drug bioanalysis are highlighted and supported by a brief theoretical description of each individual approach in a compact review structure (to create integrated view on the topic), including (i) progressive enantioseparation approaches and new enantioselective agents, (ii) in-capillary sample preparation (preconcentration, purification, derivatization), and (iii) detection possibilities related to enhanced sensitivity and structural characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mikus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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35
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Sánchez-Hernández L, GarcÃa-Ruiz C, Luisa Marina M, Luis Crego A. Recent approaches for enhancing sensitivity in enantioseparations by CE. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:28-43. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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Kao YY, Liu KT, Huang MF, Chiu TC, Chang HT. Analysis of amino acids and biogenic amines in breast cancer cells by capillary electrophoresis using polymer solutions containing sodium dodecyl sulfate. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:582-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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