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Lanaro VM, Sombra LL, Altamirano JC, Almeida CA, Stege PW. Chiral separation of propranolol by electrokinetic chromatography using nanodiamonds and human serum albumin as a pseudo-stationary phase in river water. Chirality 2024; 36:e23640. [PMID: 38384157 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Propranolol is currently considered as an emerging contaminant in water bodies. In this study, R- and S-propranolol were determined in river samples by electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) using nanodiamonds (NDs) and human serum albumin (HSA) as a pseudo-stationary phase in order to achieve enantioseparation. Previously, river samples were preconcentrated using a column filled with Amberlite® IR-120 and Dowex® 50WX8 resins. The setting up of influential factors such as temperature, voltage, pH, and HSA and NDs concentration is accurately described along this manuscript. A multivariate study and optimization was carried out to obtain the enantioseparation of propranolol (Rs = 2.91), which was reached under the following experimental conditions: voltage of 16 kV, temperature of 16°C, phosphate buffer pH 9.5, NDs of 0.20%, and HSA of 15 μmol l-1 . The recoveries of analytes under optimal conditions were higher than 98%. The limits of detection were 0.85 μg l-1 for R- and S-propranolol. The method was applied to real samples, and the obtained results in three different water sources studied were 1.02, 0.59, and 0.30 μg l-1 for the R-enantiomer and 0.99, 0.54, and 0.28 μg l-1 for the S-enantiomer. The accuracy of the proposed methodology (including bias and precision) has allowed us to propose it as a successful tool for the control of water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica M Lanaro
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Lorena L Sombra
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina C Altamirano
- IANIGLA, Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales, Mendoza, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas), San Luis, Argentina
| | - César A Almeida
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas), San Luis, Argentina
| | - Patricia W Stege
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas), San Luis, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental y Transcripcional, IMIBIO-SL, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación Biológica, San Luis, Argentina
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Elsayed NH, Monier M, Almutairi FM, Alotaibi FA, Albalawi AN, Aljohani WA, Abdel-Latif D. Developing surface molecularly imprinted cellulose acetate particles for selective recognition of S-ketoprofen enantiomers. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Capillary electrochromatography-mass spectrometry of kynurenine pathway metabolites. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462294. [PMID: 34098249 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Few articles are reported for the simultaneous separation and sensitive detection of the kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites. This work describes a capillary electrochromatography-mass spectrometry (CEC-MS) method using acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) functionalized stationary phase. The AMPS column was prepared by first performing silanization of bare silica with gamma-maps, followed by polymerization with AMPS. The CEC-MS/MS methods were established for six upstream and three downstream KP metabolites. The simultaneous separation of all nine KP metabolites is achieved without derivatization for the first time in the open literature. Numerous parameters such as pH and the concentration of background electrolyte, the concentration of the polymerizable AMPS monomer, column length, field strength, and internal pressure were all tested to optimize the separation of multiple KP metabolites. A baseline separation of six upstream metabolites, namely tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), 3-hydroxykynurenine (HKYN), kynurenic acid (KA), anthranilic acid (AA), and xanthurenic acid (XA), was possible at pH 9.25 within 26 min. Separation of six downstream and related metabolites, namely: tryptamine (TRPM), hydroxy‑tryptophan (HTRP), hydroxyindole-3 acetic acid (HIAA), 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA), picolinic acid (PA), and quinolinic acid (QA), was achieved at pH 9.75 in 30 min. However, the challenging simultaneous separation of all nine KP metabolites was only accomplished by increasing the column length and simultaneous application of internal pressure and voltage in 114 min. Quantitation of KP metabolites in commercial human plasma was carried out, and endogenous concentration of five KP metabolites was validated. The experimental limit of quantitation ranges from 100 to 10,000 nM (S/N = 8-832, respectively), whereas the experimental limit of detection ranges from 31 to 1000 nM (S/N = 2-16, respectively). Levels of five major KP metabolites, namely TRP, KYN, KA, AA, and QA, and their ratios in patient plasma samples previously screened for inflammatory biomarkers [C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)] was measured. Pairs of the level of metabolites with significant positive correlation were statistically evaluated.
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Kormosh Z, Kormosh N, Bokhan Y, Gorbatyuk N, Kotsan I, Suprunovich S, Parchenko V, Savchuk T, Korolchuk S. Potentiometric Sensor for Naproxen Determination. Pharm Chem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-021-02379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fanali C, D’Orazio G, Gentili A, Fanali S. Analysis of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs by using Microfluidic Techniques: A Review. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412916666200401124059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this review paper, miniaturized techniques, including both electromigration and liquid
chromatographic techniques, have been discussed considering their main features in the analytical field
for the separation and analysis of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). In Capillary Electrophoresis
(CE) and nano-liquid chromatography (nano-LC), separation is performed in capillaries
with Internal Diameter (I.D.) lower than 100 μm and therefore flow rates in the range 100-1000 nL/min
are applied. Therefore, due to the low flow rate, high mass sensitivity can be obtained. Usually, conventional
UV detectors are used on-line; however, these techniques can be coupled with Mass Spectrometry
(MS). CE and nano-LC have also been applied to the separation of NSAIDs using silica stationary
phases (SP) modified with C<sub>18</sub> promoting interaction with analytes mainly based on hydrophobic
interaction. Besides, the use of chiral SP was found to be effective for the chiral resolution of these
compounds. In addition to silica phases, monolithic (both organic and inorganic) material has also been
used. Although most of the presented studies aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of the considered
microfluidic techniques, some applications to real samples have also been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fanali
- Faculty of Science, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome,Italy
| | - Giovanni D’Orazio
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Salaria km 29,300 - 00015 Monterotondo,Italy
| | - Alessandra Gentili
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza“, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, P.O. Box 34, Posta 62, 00185 Roma,Italy
| | - Salvatore Fanali
- Teaching Committee of Ph.D. School in Natural Science and Engineering, University of Verona, Verona,Italy
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Zaid MEA, Belboukhari N, Sekkoum K, Ibtissam B, Enein HYA. Synthesis and Chiral Separation of Some 4-thioflavones. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 59:856-862. [PMID: 33558896 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A thionation reaction was performed on some chiral flavanones using Lawesson's reagent (LR) and leads to the formation of new chiral thiocarbonyl flavanes. LR in this thionation reaction with Hesperetin and Naringenin gives new flavan-4-thiones with yields ranged between 41 and 52%. Based on the Wittig reaction principle, LR is currently the most widely used reagent for this type of reaction. Enantiomeric separation by high-performance liquid chromatography methods was then set-up using three different polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases (CSPs). Chiral separations were successfully accomplished with high resolution (1.22 ≤ Rs ≤ 5.23). The chiral discrimination mechanism(s) between the analytes under study, mobile phase, and the CSPs were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed El Amin Zaid
- Bioactive Molecules and Chiral Separation Laboratory, Faculty of Exacts Sciences, University T.M. Béchar, Rue de l'indépendance; Boîte Postale 417 Béchar, 08000 Bechar, Algeria
| | - Nasser Belboukhari
- Bioactive Molecules and Chiral Separation Laboratory, Faculty of Exacts Sciences, University T.M. Béchar, Rue de l'indépendance; Boîte Postale 417 Béchar, 08000 Bechar, Algeria
| | - Khaled Sekkoum
- Bioactive Molecules and Chiral Separation Laboratory, Faculty of Exacts Sciences, University T.M. Béchar, Rue de l'indépendance; Boîte Postale 417 Béchar, 08000 Bechar, Algeria
| | - Bousmaha Ibtissam
- Bioactive Molecules and Chiral Separation Laboratory, Faculty of Exacts Sciences, University T.M. Béchar, Rue de l'indépendance; Boîte Postale 417 Béchar, 08000 Bechar, Algeria
| | - Hassan Y Aboul Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Center, 33 El Buhouth St, Ad Doqi, Dokki, Cairo Governorate, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Şarkaya K, Aşir S, Göktürk I, Yilmaz F, Yavuz H, Denizli A. Electrochromatographic separation of hydrophobic amino acid enantiomers by molecularly imprinted capillary columns. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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8
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Turchi M, Cai Q, Lian G. In Silico Prediction of the Thermodynamic Equilibrium of Solute Partition in Multiphase Complex Fluids: A Case Study of Oil-Water Microemulsion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:10855-10865. [PMID: 31335154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiphase complex fluids such as micelles, microemulsions, and dispersions are ubiquitous in product formulations of foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and fine chemicals. Quantifying how active solutes partition in the microstructure of such multiphase fluids is necessary for designing formulations that can optimally deliver the benefits of functional actives. In this paper, we at first predict the structure of a heptane/butanol/sodium dodecyl sulfate droplet in water that self-assembled to form a microemulsion through the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and subsequently investigate the thermodynamic equilibrium of solute partitioning using COSMOmic. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the MD/COSMOmic approach is used for predicting solute partitioning in a microemulsion. The predicted partition coefficients are compared to experimental values derived from retention measurements of the same microemulsion. We show that the experimental data of droplet-water partition coefficients (Kdroplet/w) can be reliably predicted by the method that combines MD simulations with COSMOmic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Turchi
- Unilever Research Colworth , Colworth Park , Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ , U.K
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering , University of Surrey , Guildford GU2 7XH , U.K
| | - Qiong Cai
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering , University of Surrey , Guildford GU2 7XH , U.K
| | - Guoping Lian
- Unilever Research Colworth , Colworth Park , Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ , U.K
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering , University of Surrey , Guildford GU2 7XH , U.K
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9
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Ma S, Wang Y, Zhang H, Li Y, Ou J, Wei Y, Ye M. One-step fabrication of cinchona-based hybrid monolithic chiral stationary phases via photo-initiated thiol-ene polymerization for cLC enantioseparation. Talanta 2019; 198:432-439. [PMID: 30876583 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although various click polymerization reactions (thiol-ene, thiol-yne, thiol-Michael, thiol-epoxy and amine-epoxy) have been utilized to prepare either hybrid or organic monolithic columns with homogeneous network structures, there were few reports on fabrication of monolithic CSPs via click polymerization. Herein, a fast and robust approach was explored to fabricate cinchona-based monolithic hybrid CSPs via photo-initiated thiol-ene polymerization within 10 min in one step. A self-synthesized octakis(3-mercaptopropyl) octasilsesquioxane (POSS-SH) was polymerized with phenylisocyanate cinchonidine (PCD) and (+)-N,N'-diallyl-L-tartardiamide (DATDA) or 1,2,4-trivinylcyclohexane (TVCH). The resulting two kinds of as-synthesized monolithic CSPs, poly(POSS-co-DATDA-co-PCD) and poly(POSS-co-TVCH-co-PCD), were evaluated for cLC enantioseparation of acidic racemates. It was found that they exhibited different enantioseparation ability due to using different multivinyl crosslinkers. The influence of ACN content in mobile phase on the enantioseparation of acidic racemates was investigated. The separation mechanism was also discussed on the basis of a comparison of enantioseparation on two kinds of hybrid monolithic CSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ya Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Junjie Ou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yinmao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Function Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Mingliang Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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10
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Khaled E, Shoukry EM, Amin MF, Said BAM. Novel Calixarene/Carbon Nanotubes Based Screen Printed Sensors for Flow Injection Potentiometric Determination of Naproxen. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elmorsy Khaled
- Microanalysis Laboratory, Applied Organic Chemistry DepartmentNational Research Centre, El Bohouthst., Dokki 12622- Giza Egypt
| | - Eman M. Shoukry
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Girls)Al Azhar University Naser City Egypt
| | - Mona F. Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Girls)Al Azhar University Naser City Egypt
| | - Basmat Amal M. Said
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Girls)Al Azhar University Naser City Egypt
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11
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Synthesis and evaluation of enantio-selective l-histidine imprinted salicylic acid functionalized resin. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Krait S, Scriba GKE. Quality by design-assisted development of a capillary electrophoresis method for the chiral purity determination of dexmedetomidine. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2575-2580. [PMID: 29600596 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine is a selective α2 -adrenergic agonist used for patient sedation, while its enantiomer levomedetomidine has no sedative effects. As CE has been shown to be a powerful technique for enantiomer analysis, the aim of the study was the quality by design-based development of a CE-based limit test for the enantiomeric impurity levomedetomidine. The analytical target profile was defined that the method should be able to determine levomedetomidine with acceptable precision and accuracy at the 0.1% level. From initial scouting experiments, sulfated β-cyclodextrin was selected as chiral selector. The critical process parameters were identified in a fractional factorial resolution V+ design, while a central composite face centered design and Monte Carlo simulations were used for defining the design space of the method. The selected working conditions were a 21.3/31.5 cm, 50 μm id fused-silica capillary, a 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, containing 40 mg/mL sulfated β-cyclodextrin, a capillary temperature of 17°C and an applied voltage of 10 kV. Validation according to the ICH guideline Q2(R1) demonstrated repeatability and intermediate precision of content and migration time between 9.3 and 4.2% with accuracy in the range of 92.0 and 98.9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman Krait
- Friedrich Schiller University, Department of Medicinal/Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Gerhard K E Scriba
- Friedrich Schiller University, Department of Medicinal/Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jena, Germany
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13
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Krait S, Heuermann M, Scriba GKE. Development of a capillary electrophoresis method for the determination of the chiral purity of dextromethorphan by a dual selector system using quality by design methodology. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1405-1413. [PMID: 29131506 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dextromethorphan is a centrally acting antitussive drug, while its enantiomer levomethorphan is an illicit drug with opioid analgesic effects. As capillary electrophoresis has been proven as an ideal technique for enantiomer analysis, the present study was conducted in order to develop a capillary electrophoresis-based limit test for levomethorphan. The analytical target profile was defined as a method that should be able to determine levomethorphan with acceptable precision and accuracy at the 0.1 % level. From initial scouting experiments, a dual selector system consisting of sulfated β-cyclodextrin and methyl-α-cyclodextrin was identified. The critical process parameters were evaluated in a fractional factorial resolution IV design followed by a central composite face-centered design and Monte Carlo simulations for defining the design space of the method. The selected working conditions consisted of a 30/40.2 cm, 50 μm id fused-silica capillary, 30 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, 16 mg/mL sulfated β-cyclodextrin, and 14 mg/mL methyl-α-cyclodextrin at 20°C and 20 kV. The method was validated according to ICH guideline Q2(R1) and applied to the analysis of a capsule formulation. Furthermore, the apparent binding constants between the enantiomers and the cyclodextrins as well as complex mobilities were determined to understand the migration behavior of the analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman Krait
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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14
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Jang MG, Jang MD, Park JH. Doxycycline as a new chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1508:176-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Nanocellulose crystals derivative-silica hybrid sol open tubular capillary column for enantioseparation. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 165:359-367. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Zhang L, Hu Y, Galella E, Tomasella FP, Fish WP. Separation of atropisomers by chiral liquid chromatography and thermodynamic analysis of separation mechanism. J Pharm Anal 2017; 7:156-162. [PMID: 29404032 PMCID: PMC5790684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In the pharmaceutical industry, the analysis of atropisomers is of considerable interest from a scientific and regulatory perspective. The compound of interest contains two stereogenic axes due to the hindered rotation around the single bonds connecting the aryl groups, which results in four potential configurational isomers (atropisomers). The separation of the four atropisomers is achieved on a derivatized β-cyclodextrin bonded stationary phase. Further investigation shows that low temperature conditions, including sample preparation (−70 °C), sample storage (−70 °C), and chromatographic separation (6 °C), were critical to preventing interconversion. LC-UV-Laser Polarimetric analysis identified peak 1/2 as a pair of enantiomers and peak 3/4 as another. Thermodynamic analysis of the retention data indicated that the separation of the pairs of enantiomers is primarily enthalpy controlled as indicated by the positive slope of the van’t Huff plot. The difference in absolute Δ (Δ H), ranged from 2.20 kJ/mol to 2.42 kJ/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Yue Hu
- Drug Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Elizabeth Galella
- Drug Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Frank P Tomasella
- Drug Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - William P Fish
- Drug Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
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17
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Kodama S, Nakajima S, Ozaki H, Takemoto R, Itabashi Y, Kuksis A. Enantioseparation of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids by hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:3196-3205. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Kodama
- School of Science; Tokai University; Hiratsuka Kanagawa Japan
| | - Shota Nakajima
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ozaki
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Ryota Takemoto
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Yutaka Itabashi
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Arnis Kuksis
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
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18
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Advances in the Use of Cyclodextrins as Chiral Selectors in Capillary Electrokinetic Chromatography: Fundamentals and Applications. Chromatographia 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Corbett A, Kumar S. Spreading of Thin Droplets of Perfect and Leaky Dielectric Liquids on Inclined Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:6606-6617. [PMID: 27247998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The spreading of droplets may be influenced by electric fields, a situation that is relevant to applications such as coating, printing, and microfluidics. In this work we study the effects of an electric field on the gravity-driven spreading of two-dimensional droplets down an inclined plane. We consider both perfect and leaky dielectric liquids, as well as perfectly and partially wetting systems. In addition to the effects of electric fields, we examine the use of thermocapillary forces to suppress the growth of the capillary ridge near the droplet front. Lubrication theory is applied to generate a set of coupled partial differential equations for interfacial height and charge, which are then solved numerically with a finite-difference method. Electric fields increase the height of the capillary ridge in both perfect and leaky dielectric droplets due to electrostatic pressure gradients that drive liquid into the ridge. In leaky dielectrics, large interfacial charge gradients in the contact-line region create shear stresses that also enhance ridge growth and the formation of trailing minor ridges. The coalescence of these ridges can significantly affect the long-time thinning rate of leaky dielectric droplets. In partially wetting liquids, electric fields promote the splitting of smaller droplets from the primary droplet near the receding contact line due to the interplay between electrostatic forces and disjoining pressure. Cooling from below and heating from above generates thermocapillary forces that counteract the effects of electric fields and suppress the growth of the capillary ridge. The results of this work have important implications for manipulating the spreading of droplets down inclined surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Corbett
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Satish Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Huang T, Song P, Jiang L, Peng Y, Feng S, Wang J. Electrospinning of magnetic cellulose tris-(4-methylbenzoate) microparticles for enantioselective adsorption of racemic drug. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:2050-3. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tengjun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Oil Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xinjiang University; Urumqi P. R. China
| | - Peipei Song
- Key Laboratory of Oil Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xinjiang University; Urumqi P. R. China
| | - Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Oil Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xinjiang University; Urumqi P. R. China
| | - Yan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Oil Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xinjiang University; Urumqi P. R. China
| | - Shun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Oil Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xinjiang University; Urumqi P. R. China
| | - Jide Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oil Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xinjiang University; Urumqi P. R. China
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21
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Krone KM, Warias R, Ritter C, Li A, Acevedo-Rocha CG, Reetz MT, Belder D. Analysis of Enantioselective Biotransformations Using a Few Hundred Cells on an Integrated Microfluidic Chip. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:2102-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karin M. Krone
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rico Warias
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Cornelia Ritter
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Aitao Li
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Carlos G. Acevedo-Rocha
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Manfred T. Reetz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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22
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Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a versatile and flexible technique for analytical enantioseparations. This is due to the large variety of chiral selectors as well as the different operation modes including electrokinetic chromatography, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. The chiral selector, which is added to the background electrolyte, represents a pseudostationary phase with its own electrophoretic mobility allowing a variety of different separation protocols. The present chapter briefly addresses the basic fundamentals of CE enantioseparations as well as the most frequently applied chiral selectors and separation modes. The practical example illustrates the separation of the enantiomers of a positively charged analyte using native and charged cyclodextrin derivatives as chiral selectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, 07743, Germany.
| | - Henrik Harnisch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Qingfu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount St, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA
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23
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Hamidi S, Jouyban A. Pre-Concentration Approaches Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis in Bioanalysis of Chiral Cardiovascular Drugs. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.15171/ps.2015.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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24
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Xiao H, Fu X, Liang S, Li Y, Bao JJ, Zhang Y. An approach to the determination of the enantiomeric excess at the extreme case by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1408:250-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Preparation of l -tryptophan imprinted microspheres based on carboxylic acid functionalized polystyrene. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 445:371-379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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Chen J, Du Y, Zhu F, Chen B, Zhang Q, Du S, Li P. Study of the enantioseparation capability of chiral dual system based on chondroitin sulfate C in CE. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:607-14. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaquan Chen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yingxiang Du
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education); China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Fenxia Zhu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica; Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Pharmacy; Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College; Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Shuaijing Du
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
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27
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Nowak P, Garnysz M, Mitoraj MP, Sagan F, Woźniakiewicz M, Kościelniak P. Analytical aspects of achiral and cyclodextrin-mediated capillary electrophoresis of warfarin and its two main derivatives assisted by theoretical modeling. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1377:106-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Ma Y, Zhang H, Chen H, Chen X. Recent developments in chiral analysis of β-blocker drugs by capillary electromigration techniques. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3345-54. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Huige Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Hongli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; Lanzhou P. R. China
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29
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Huang J, Su P, Wu J, Yang Y. Enantioselective absorption of enantiomers with maleic anhydride-β-cyclodextrin modified magnetic microspheres. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12133c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Zuo L, Zhao Y, Ji F, Zhao M, Jiang Z, Sun T, Guo X. Determination of the enantiomeric and diastereomeric impurities ofRS-glycopyrrolate by capillary electrophoresis using sulfated-β-cyclodextrin as chiral selectors. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3339-44. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zuo
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Fenfen Ji
- Department of Chemistry; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Zhen Jiang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Tiemin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Ministry of Education; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
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31
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Deeb SE, Wätzig H, El-Hady DA, Albishri HM, de Griend CSV, Scriba GKE. Recent advances in capillary electrophoretic migration techniques for pharmaceutical analysis. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:170-89. [PMID: 24395663 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Since the introduction about 30 years ago, CE techniques have gained a significant impact in pharmaceutical analysis. The present review covers recent advances and applications of CE for the analysis of pharmaceuticals. Both small molecules and biomolecules such as proteins are considered. The applications range from the determination of drug-related substances to the analysis of counterions and the determination of physicochemical parameters. Furthermore, general considerations of CE methods in pharmaceutical analysis are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami El Deeb
- Drug Analysis and Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Azhar University - Gaza, Gaza, Palestine; Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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32
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Wang Y, Zhou J, Liu Y, Tang J, Tang W. Evaluation of the chiral separation ability of single-isomer cationic β-cyclodextrins in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2744-51. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials (Ministry of Education of China); Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials (Ministry of Education of China); Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials (Ministry of Education of China); Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Jian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials (Ministry of Education of China); Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Weihua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials (Ministry of Education of China); Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing P. R. China
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33
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Boer SA, Nolvachai Y, Kulsing C, McCormick LJ, Hawes CS, Marriott PJ, Turner DR. Liquid-Phase Enantioselective Chromatographic Resolution Using Interpenetrated, Homochiral Framework Materials. Chemistry 2014; 20:11308-12. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Nowak P, Garnysz M, Woźniakiewicz M, Kościelniak P. Fast separation of warfarin and 7-hydroxywarfarin enantiomers by cyclodextrin-assisted capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:2625-31. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Nowak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; Jagiellonian University in Kraków; Kraków Poland
| | - Magdalena Garnysz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; Jagiellonian University in Kraków; Kraków Poland
| | - Michał Woźniakiewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; Jagiellonian University in Kraków; Kraków Poland
| | - Paweł Kościelniak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; Jagiellonian University in Kraków; Kraków Poland
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35
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Aranyi A, Péter A, Ilisz I, Fülöp F, Scriba GKE. Cyclodextrin-mediated enantioseparation of phenylalanine amide derivatives and amino alcohols by capillary electrophoresis-Role of complexation constants and complex mobilities. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2848-54. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Aranyi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Szeged Hungary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University of Jena; Jena Germany
| | - Antal Péter
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Szeged Hungary
| | - István Ilisz
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Szeged Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Szeged Hungary
| | - Gerhard K. E. Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Friedrich Schiller University of Jena; Jena Germany
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36
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Mu X, Qi L, Qiao J, Yang X, Ma H. Enantioseparation of dansyl amino acids and dipeptides by chiral ligand exchange capillary electrophoresis based on Zn(II)-L-hydroxyproline complexes coordinating with γ-cyclodextrins. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 846:68-74. [PMID: 25220143 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A chiral ligand exchange capillary electrophoresis (CLE-CE) method using Zn(II) as the central ion and L-4-hydroxyproline as the chiral ligand coordinating with γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) was developed for the enantioseparation of amino acids (AAs) and dipeptides. The effects of various separation parameters, including the pH of the running buffer, the ratio of Zn(II) to L-4-hydroxyproline, the concentration of complexes and cyclodextrins (CDs) were systematically investigated. After optimization, it has been found that eight pairs of labeled AAs and six pairs of labeled dipeptides could be baseline-separated with a running electrolyte of 100.0mM boric acid, 5.0mM ammonium acetate, 3.0mM Zn(II), 6.0mM L-hydroxyproline and 4.0mM γ-CD at pH 8.2. The quantitation of AAs and dipeptides was conducted and good linearity (r(2)≥0.997) and favorable repeatability (RSD≤3.6%) were obtained. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied in determining the enantiomeric purity of AAs and dipeptides. Meanwhile, the possible enantiorecognition mechanism based on the synergistic effect of chiral metal complexes and γ-CD was explored and discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Mu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Li Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Juan Qiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Xinzheng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Huimin Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
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37
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Aturki Z, Schmid MG, Chankvetadze B, Fanali S. Enantiomeric separation of new cathinone derivatives designer drugs by capillary electrochromatography using a chiral stationary phase, based on amylosetris(5-chloro-2-methylphenylcarbamate). Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3242-9. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeineb Aturki
- Institute of Chemical Methodologies; Italian National Research Council; Monterotondo Rome Italy
| | - Martin G. Schmid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Karl-Franzens-University Graz; Graz Austria
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry; School of Exact and Natural Sciences; Tbilisi State University; Tbilisi Georgia
| | - Salvatore Fanali
- Institute of Chemical Methodologies; Italian National Research Council; Monterotondo Rome Italy
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38
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Li X, Li Y, Zhao L, Shen J, Zhang Y, Bao JJ. Velocity gap mode of capillary electrophoresis developed for high-resolution chiral separations. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2778-84. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Youxin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Lumeng Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - James J. Bao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University; Tianjin P. R. China
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39
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Štěpánová S, Kašička V. Determination of impurities and counterions of pharmaceuticals by capillary electromigration methods. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:2039-55. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sille Štěpánová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Prague Czech Republic
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40
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Tanaka M, Nagamatsu K, Nishi H. High-performance enantiomer separation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by 3 μm reversed-phase chiral columns and application to the optical purity testing of naproxen drug substances and its formulations. ANAL SCI 2014; 30:397-406. [PMID: 24614736 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.30.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The enantiomer separation of five nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, ketoprofen (KP) and naproxen (NX), which are included in The Japanese Pharmacopoeia 16th edition (JP16), was investigated by employing four kinds of 3 μm reversed-phase chiral columns (AD-3R, AS-3R, OD-3R and OJ-3R). Except for KP, the enantiomers of four NSAIDs were successfully separated by one of the four columns. Among five NSAIDs, only NX has been used as a single enantiomer (S-form, active form) in the clinical field (JP16); therefore, optical purity testing method of NX is required for its quality evaluation. Among four CSPs, the method was developed by using an AS-3R column, which showed good enantioselectivity for NX enantiomers. By optimizing the conditions, the resolution (Rs) of 2.55 was obtained for NX enantiomers within approximately 6 min. The minor enantiomer R-form eluted before the main active enantiomer S-form. Finally, the developed method was applied to the optical purity testing of NX active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and its formulations (tablet and capsule). Other than the minor enantiomer (R-form, inactive form, 0.21 - 0.78%), normal (not chiral) impurities at levels of 0.01-0.3% were simultaneously separated and determined by the method, showing an excellent separation capability of the method for those impurities including the minor enantiomer. The content uniformity test of the NX tablet according to JP16 was also successfully performed by the method with the AS-3R column. Normal phase separation with two chiral columns (AD-H and OD-H) and capillary electrophoretic (CE) separation were also investigated for five NSAIDs enantiomers to discuss the enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe Tanaka
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University
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41
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Liang RP, Wang XN, Liu CM, Meng XY, Qiu JD. Facile preparation of protein stationary phase based on polydopamine/graphene oxide platform for chip-based open tubular capillary electrochromatography enantioseparation. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1323:135-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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42
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Wang X, Davis I, Liu A, Miller A, Shamsi SA. Improved separation and detection of picolinic acid and quinolinic acid by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry: application to analysis of human cerebrospinal fluid. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1316:147-53. [PMID: 24119749 PMCID: PMC4502419 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
"Quinolinic acid (QA)", a metabolite of the kynurenine pathway (KP), is implicated as a major neurological biomarker, which causes inflammatory disorders, whereas there is an increase evidence of the role of picolinic acid (PA) in neuroinflammation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new clinical test for early diagnosis of neuroinflammatory disorders. A comparison is made between three different platforms such as high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS), nano LC-Chip/ESI-MS/MS, as well as the use of cationic (quaternary ammonium) and anionic (sulfonated) coated capillaries in capillary electrophoresis (CE)-ESI-MS/MS. The comparison revealed that CE-ESI-MS/MS method using a quaternary ammonium coated capillary is the best method for analysis of PA and QA. A simple stacking procedure by the inclusion of acetonitrile in the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample was employed to improve the peak shape and sensitivity of KP metabolites in CE-ESI-MS/MS. The developed CE-ESI-MS/MS assay provided high resolution, high specificity and high sensitivity with a total analysis time including sample preparation of nearly 12 min. In addition, excellent intra-day and inter-day repeatability of migration times and peak areas of the metabolites were observed with respective relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 2.0% and 2.5%. Somewhat broader variations in repeatability for a 3 independently prepared coated capillary (total 35 runs each) with % RSD up to 3.8% and 5.8% was observed for migration time and peak areas, respectively. Artificial CSF was used as a surrogate matrix to simultaneously generate calibration curves over a concentration range of 0.02-10 μM for PA and 0.4-40 μM for QA. The method was then successfully applied to analyze PA and QA in human CSF, demonstrating the potential of this CE-ESI-MS/MS method to accurately quantitate with high specificity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Wang
- Center of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Ian Davis
- Center of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Aimin Liu
- Center of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | | | - Shahab A. Shamsi
- Center of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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Řezanka P, Sýkora D, Novotný M, Havlík M, Král V. Nonaqueous Capillary Electrophoretic Enantioseparation of Water Insoluble Tröger's Base Derivatives Using β-Cyclodextrin as Chiral Selector. Chirality 2013; 25:810-3. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Řezanka
- Institute of Chemical Technology; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Prague Czech Republic
| | - David Sýkora
- Institute of Chemical Technology; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Michal Novotný
- Institute of Chemical Technology; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Martin Havlík
- Institute of Chemical Technology; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Král
- Institute of Chemical Technology; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Prague Czech Republic
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Auditore R, Santagati NA, Aturki Z, Fanali S. Enantiomeric separation of amlodipine and its two chiral impurities by nano-liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography using a chiral stationary phase based on cellulose tris(4-chloro-3-methylphenylcarbamate). Electrophoresis 2013; 34:2593-600. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Auditore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Catania; Catania Italy
| | | | - Zeineb Aturki
- Institute of Chemical Methodologies; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Monterotondo Rome Italy
| | - Salvatore Fanali
- Institute of Chemical Methodologies; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Monterotondo Rome Italy
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45
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Elbashir AA, Aboul-Enein HY. Capillary Electrophoresis and Molecular Modeling as a Complementary Technique for Chiral Recognition Mechanism. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2013.803358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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46
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Dixit S, Park JH. Application of antibiotics as chiral selectors for capillary electrophoretic enantioseparation of pharmaceuticals: a review. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 28:10-26. [PMID: 23780664 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed several new trends in chiral separation, for example, the enantiorecognition ability of several new antibiotics has been explored using capillary electrophoresis (CE) prior to HPLC; antibiotics have been employed as chiral selectors (CSs) in a nonaqueous CE (NACE) mode; and several new detection techniques (namely, capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection) have been used in combination with CE for quantification of enantiomers. On account of these emerging trends, this article aims to review the application of various classes of antibiotics for CE enantioseparation of pharmaceuticals. A detailed account of the basic factors affecting enantioseparation, certain limitations of antibiotics as CSs and strategies to mitigate them, and advantages of NACE while using antibiotics as CSs has also been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchi Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, South Korea
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47
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Liu K, Wang L. Enantioseparations of amino acids by capillary array electrophoresis with 532nm laser induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1295:142-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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48
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Lehnert P, Přibylka A, Maier V, Znaleziona J, Ševčík J, Douša M. Enantiomeric separation ofR,S-tolterodine andR,S-methoxytolterodine with negatively charged cyclodextrins by capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:1561-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Přibylka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc; Czech Republic
| | - Vítězslav Maier
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc; Czech Republic
| | - Joanna Znaleziona
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc; Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Ševčík
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc; Czech Republic
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49
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Ghosh S, Fang TH, Uddin M, Hidajat K. Enantioselective separation of chiral aromatic amino acids with surface functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 105:267-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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50
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An ion-pair principle for enantioseparations of basic analytes by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis using the di-n-butyl l-tartrate–boric acid complex as chiral selector. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1284:188-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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