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Oh YH, Mendola KM, Choe LH, Min L, Lavoie AR, Sripada SA, Williams TI, Lee KH, Yigzaw Y, Seay A, Bill J, Li X, Roush DJ, Cramer SM, Menegatti S, Lenhoff AM. Identification and characterization of CHO host-cell proteins in monoclonal antibody bioprocessing. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:291-305. [PMID: 37877536 PMCID: PMC10842603 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Host-cell proteins (HCPs) are the foremost class of process-related impurities to be controlled and removed in downstream processing steps in monoclonal antibody (mAb) manufacturing. However, some HCPs may evade clearance in multiple purification steps and reach the final drug product, potentially threatening drug stability and patient safety. This study extends prior work on HCP characterization and persistence in mAb process streams by using mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods to track HCPs through downstream processing steps for seven mAbs that were generated by five different cell lines. The results show considerable variability in HCP identities in the processing steps but extensive commonality in the identities and quantities of the most abundant HCPs in the harvests for different processes. Analysis of HCP abundance in the harvests shows a likely relationship between abundance and the reproducibility of quantification measurements and suggests that some groups of HCPs may hinder the characterization. Quantitative monitoring of HCPs persisting through purification steps coupled with the findings from the harvest analysis suggest that multiple factors, including HCP abundance and mAb-HCP interactions, can contribute to the persistence of individual HCPs and the identification of groups of common, persistent HCPs in mAb manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hoon Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Kerri M Mendola
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Leila H Choe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Lie Min
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Ashton R Lavoie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sobhana A Sripada
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Taufika Islam Williams
- Molecular Education, Technology, and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kelvin H Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Yinges Yigzaw
- Purification Process Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alexander Seay
- Purification Process Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jerome Bill
- Purification Process Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Xuanwen Li
- Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
| | - David J Roush
- BPR&D, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
| | - Steven M Cramer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Abraham M Lenhoff
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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2
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Zheng YY, Chung WH, Leung YC, Wong KY. Heterogenous Expression and Purification of Lipid II Flippase from Staphylococcus aureus. Protein Pept Lett 2024; 31:386-394. [PMID: 38967080 PMCID: PMC11348468 DOI: 10.2174/0109298665316374240531113258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen with strains that are resistant to existing antibiotics. MurJ from S. aureus (SaMurJ), an integral membrane protein functioning as Lipid II flippase, is a potential target for developing new antibacterial agents against this pathogen. Successful expression and purification of this protein shall be useful in the development of drugs against this target. OBJECTIVE In this study, we demonstrated the optimized expression and purification procedures of SaMurJ, identified suitable detergent for extracting and solubilizing the protein, and examined the peptidisc system to generate a detergent-free environment. METHODS SaMurJ fused with N-terminal ten-His tag was expressed without induction. Six detergents were selected for screening the most efficient candidate for extraction and solubilization of the protein. The thermostability of the detergent-solubilized protein was assessed by evaluated temperature incubation. Different ratios of peptidisc bi-helical peptide (NSPr) to SaMurJ were mixed and the on-bead peptidisc assembly method was applied. RESULTS SaMurJ expressed in BL21(DE3) was confirmed by peptide fingerprinting, with a yield of 1 mg SaMurJ per liter culture. DDM was identified as the optimum detergent for solubilization and the nickel affinity column enabled SaMurJ purification with a purity of ~88%. However, NSPr could not stabilize SaMurJ. CONCLUSION The expression and purification of SaMurJ were successful, with high purity and good yield. SaMurJ can be solubilized and stabilized by a DDM-containing buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai-Hong Chung
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun-Chung Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Yin Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
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3
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Chen CW, Tsai CF, Lin MH, Lin SY, Hsu CC. Suspension Trapping-Based Sample Preparation Workflow for In-Depth Plant Phosphoproteomics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12232-12239. [PMID: 37552764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant phosphoproteomics provides a global view of phosphorylation-mediated signaling in plants; however, it demands high-throughput methods with sensitive detection and accurate quantification. Despite the widespread use of protein precipitation for removing contaminants and improving sample purity, it limits the sensitivity and throughput of plant phosphoproteomic analysis. The multiple handling steps involved in protein precipitation lead to sample loss and process variability. Herein, we developed an approach based on suspension trapping (S-Trap), termed tandem S-Trap-IMAC (immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography), by integrating an S-Trap micro-column with a Fe-IMAC tip. Compared with a precipitation-based workflow, the tandem S-Trap-IMAC method deepened the coverage of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) phosphoproteome by more than 30%, with improved number of multiply phosphorylated peptides, quantification accuracy, and short sample processing time. We applied the tandem S-Trap-IMAC method for studying abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings. We thus discovered that a significant proportion of the phosphopeptides induced by ABA are multiply phosphorylated peptides, indicating their importance in early ABA signaling and quantified several key phosphorylation sites on core ABA signaling components across four time points. Our results show that the optimized workflow aids high-throughput phosphoproteome profiling of low-input plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Wen Chen
- Institution of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Feng Tsai
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Miao-Hsia Lin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Lin
- Academia Sinica Common Mass Spectrometry Facilities for Proteomics and Protein Modification Analysis, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chih Hsu
- Institution of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
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4
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Brajkovic S, Rugen N, Agius C, Berner N, Eckert S, Sakhteman A, Schwechheimer C, Kuster B. Getting Ready for Large-Scale Proteomics in Crop Plants. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030783. [PMID: 36771489 PMCID: PMC9921824 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are an indispensable cornerstone of sustainable global food supply. While immense progress has been made in decoding the genomes of crops in recent decades, the composition of their proteomes, the entirety of all expressed proteins of a species, is virtually unknown. In contrast to the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, proteomic analyses of crop plants have often been hindered by the presence of extreme concentrations of secondary metabolites such as pigments, phenolic compounds, lipids, carbohydrates or terpenes. As a consequence, crop proteomic experiments have, thus far, required individually optimized protein extraction protocols to obtain samples of acceptable quality for downstream analysis by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In this article, we present a universal protein extraction protocol originally developed for gel-based experiments and combined it with an automated single-pot solid-phase-enhanced sample preparation (SP3) protocol on a liquid handling robot to prepare high-quality samples for proteomic analysis of crop plants. We also report an automated offline peptide separation protocol and optimized micro-LC-MS/MS conditions that enables the identification and quantification of ~10,000 proteins from plant tissue within 6 h of instrument time. We illustrate the utility of the workflow by analyzing the proteomes of mature tomato fruits to an unprecedented depth. The data demonstrate the robustness of the approach which we propose for use in upcoming large-scale projects that aim to map crop tissue proteomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Brajkovic
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Nils Rugen
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Carlos Agius
- Chair of Plant Systems Biology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Nicola Berner
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Stephan Eckert
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Amirhossein Sakhteman
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Claus Schwechheimer
- Chair of Plant Systems Biology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany
- Correspondence:
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5
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Danko K, Lukasheva E, Zhukov VA, Zgoda V, Frolov A. Detergent-Assisted Protein Digestion-On the Way to Avoid the Key Bottleneck of Shotgun Bottom-Up Proteomics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13903. [PMID: 36430380 PMCID: PMC9695859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gel-free bottom-up shotgun proteomics is the principal methodological platform for the state-of-the-art proteome research. This methodology assumes quantitative isolation of the total protein fraction from a complex biological sample, its limited proteolysis with site-specific proteases, analysis of the resulted peptides with nanoscaled reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-(tandem) mass spectrometry (nanoRP-HPLC-MS and MS/MS), protein identification by sequence database search and peptide-based quantitative analysis. The most critical steps of this workflow are protein reconstitution and digestion; therefore, detergents and chaotropic agents are strongly mandatory to ensure complete solubilization of complex protein isolates and to achieve accessibility of all protease cleavage sites. However, detergents are incompatible with both RP separation and electrospray ionization (ESI). Therefore, to make LC-MS analysis possible, several strategies were implemented in the shotgun proteomics workflow. These techniques rely either on enzymatic digestion in centrifugal filters with subsequent evacuation of the detergent, or employment of MS-compatible surfactants, which can be degraded upon the digestion. In this review we comprehensively address all currently available strategies for the detergent-assisted proteolysis in respect of their relative efficiency when applied to different biological matrices. We critically discuss the current progress and the further perspectives of these technologies in the context of its advances and gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Danko
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Lukasheva
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Zhukov
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelsky Chaussee 3, Pushkin, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Viktor Zgoda
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrej Frolov
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, 127276 Moscow, Russia
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Counts JA, Vitko NP, Kelly RM. Fox Cluster determinants for iron biooxidation in the extremely thermoacidophilic Sulfolobaceae. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:850-865. [PMID: 34406696 PMCID: PMC8854474 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Within the extremely thermoacidophilic Sulfolobaceae, the capacity to oxidize iron varies considerably. While some species are prolific iron oxidizers (e.g. Metallosphaera sedula), other species do not oxidize iron at all (e.g. Sulfolobus acidocaldarius). Iron oxidation capacity maps to a genomic locus, referred to previously as the 'Fox Cluster', that encodes putative proteins that are mostly unique to the Sulfolobaceae. The role of putative proteins in the Fox Cluster has not been confirmed, but proteomic analysis here of iron-oxidizing membranes from M. sedula indicates that FoxA2 and FoxB (both cytochrome c oxidase-like subunits) and FoxC (CbsA/cytochrome b domain-containing) are essential. Furthermore, comparative genomics (locus organization and gene disruptions) and transcriptomics (polarity effects and differential expression) connect these genomic determinants with disparate iron biooxidation and respiration measurements among Sulfolobaceae species. While numerous homologous proteins can be identified for FoxA in genome databases (COX-like domains are prevalent across all domains of life), few homologues exist for FoxC or for most other Fox Cluster proteins. Phylogenetic reconstructions suggest this locus may have existed in early Sulfolobaceae, while the only other close homologues to the locus appear in the recently discovered candidate phylum Marsarchaota.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Counts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905
| | - Nicholas P. Vitko
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905
| | - Robert M. Kelly
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905,Address correspondence to:Robert M. Kelly, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, EB-1, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, Phone: (919) 515-6396, Fax: (919) 515-3465,
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7
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Mikulášek K, Konečná H, Potěšil D, Holánková R, Havliš J, Zdráhal Z. SP3 Protocol for Proteomic Plant Sample Preparation Prior LC-MS/MS. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:635550. [PMID: 33777071 PMCID: PMC7988192 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.635550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative protein extraction from biological samples, as well as contaminants removal before LC-MS/MS, is fundamental for the successful bottom-up proteomic analysis. Four sample preparation methods, including the filter-aided sample preparation (FASP), two single-pot solid-phase-enhanced sample preparations (SP3) on carboxylated or HILIC paramagnetic beads, and protein suspension trapping method (S-Trap) were evaluated for SDS removal and protein digestion from Arabidopsis thaliana (AT) lysate. Finally, the optimized carboxylated SP3 workflow was benchmarked closely against the routine FASP. Ultimately, LC-MS/MS analyses revealed that regarding the number of identifications, number of missed cleavages, proteome coverage, repeatability, reduction of handling time, and cost per assay, the SP3 on carboxylated magnetic particles proved to be the best alternative for SDS and other contaminants removal from plant sample lysate. A robust and efficient 2-h SP3 protocol for a wide range of protein input is presented, benefiting from no need to adjust the amount of beads, binding and rinsing conditions, or digestion parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Mikulášek
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Hana Konečná
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - David Potěšil
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Renata Holánková
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jan Havliš
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zbyněk Zdráhal
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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8
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Chen Y, Weckwerth W. Mass Spectrometry Untangles Plant Membrane Protein Signaling Networks. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:930-944. [PMID: 32359835 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membranes (PMs) act as primary cellular checkpoints for sensing signals and controlling solute transport. Membrane proteins communicate with intracellular processes through protein interaction networks. Deciphering these signaling networks provides crucial information for elucidating in vivo cellular regulation. Large-scale proteomics enables system-wide characterization of the membrane proteome, identification of ligand-receptor pairs, and elucidation of signals originating at membranes. In this review we assess recent progress in the development of mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic pipelines for determining membrane signaling pathways. We focus in particular on current techniques for the analysis of membrane protein phosphorylation and interaction, and how these proteins may be connected to downstream changes in gene expression, metabolism, and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Molecular Systems Biology (MOSYS), University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria; Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
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9
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Acetonitrile-assisted enzymatic digestion can facilitate the bottom-up identification of proteins of cancer origin. Anal Biochem 2019; 570:1-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Ma Y, Gao J, Yin J, Gu L, Liu X, Chen S, Huang Q, Lu H, Yang Y, Zhou H, Wang Y, Peng Y. Identification of a Novel Function of Adipocyte Plasma Membrane-Associated Protein (APMAP) in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by Proteomic Analysis of Omental Adipose Tissue. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:628-37. [PMID: 26767403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is considered as an early stage of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we compared demographic and clinical data between six GDM subjects and six normal glucose tolerance (NGT; healthy controls) subjects and found that homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) increased in GDM. Many previous studies demonstrated that omental adipose tissue dysfunction could induce insulin resistance. Thus, to investigate the cause of insulin resistance in GDM, we used label-free proteomics to identify differentially expressed proteins in omental adipose tissues from GDM and NGT subjects (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD003095). A total of 3528 proteins were identified, including 66 significantly changed proteins. Adipocyte plasma membrane-associated protein (APMAP, a.k.a. C20orf3), one of the differentially expressed proteins, was down-regulated in GDM omental adipose tissues. Furthermore, mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were used to simulate omental adipocytes. The inhibition of APMAP expression by RNAi impaired insulin signaling and activated NFκB signaling in these adipocytes. Our study revealed that the down-regulation of APMAP in omental adipose tissue may play an important role in insulin resistance in the pathophysiology of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | | | | | - Xing Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Hu Zhou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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11
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Barroso A, Giménez E, Benavente F, Barbosa J, Sanz-Nebot V. Improved tryptic digestion assisted with an acid-labile anionic surfactant for the separation and characterization of glycopeptide glycoforms of a proteolytic-resistant glycoprotein by capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:987-97. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Barroso
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Estela Giménez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Fernando Benavente
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - José Barbosa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Victoria Sanz-Nebot
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
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12
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Beyond classical derivatization: analyte ‘derivatives’ in the bioanalysis of endogenous and exogenous compounds. Bioanalysis 2015; 7:2501-13. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.15.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of endogenous and exogenous analytes in biological matrices presents several challenges to the bioanalyst. These analytes are often present at low concentrations, typically in complex matrices, and may have physicochemical properties that are not amenable to LC–MS analysis. The bioanalyst thus relies heavily on the formation of analyte derivatives for the efficient quantification of these compounds. These derivatives are also critically employed to derive information on the biology of living systems, potential drug or disease targets, and biomarkers of drug efficacy, safety, or disease progression. In this perspective, we demonstrate how analyte derivatives are applied in modern bioanalytical workflows and we discuss the potential use of these derivatives in the future.
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