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Box–Behnken Design-Based Development and Validation of a Reverse-Phase HPLC Analytical Method for the Estimation of Paclitaxel in Cationic Liposomes. Chromatographia 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-022-04172-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractStability-indicating reverse-phase HPLC analytical method for the quantification of Paclitaxel (PTX) in the bulk and cationic liposomes was developed. The optimized method was validated according to the ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines by following a 2-level–4-factor interaction Box–Behnken design using Design-Expert® software. The responses measured at 228 nm were retention time (Rt), peak area, tailing factor (Tf10%), and the number of theoretical plates (NTP). PTX was eluted best using the Luna® C18 LC Column along with a mobile phase of methanol and 25 mM ammonium acetate buffer (pH 6) 75:25 v/v mixture at 25 ± 2 °C temperature. The currently developed method was linear in the 2.5–100 µg/mL range with a detection limit of 0.062 µg/mL and a quantification limit of 0.188 µg/mL. The optimized method was utilized to evaluate the stability of PTX in different stress conditions by performing forced degradation studies. The results from the degradation study stipulated that on exposure to various stressors, namely acid, alkali, oxidative, thermal, and UV light, the PTX did not show considerable degradation except alkali exposure. Further, the method was successfully used for the quantification of PTX in cationic liposomes. The particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index of the PTX-loaded liposomes were 219.25 ± 7.566 nm, 57.15 ± 12.374 mV, and 0.807 ± 0.1958 respectively. The percent of drug entrapped was quantified and was found to be 59 ± 1.414%.
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Zhang H, Xu J, Gao B, Wang H, Huang J, Zhou J, Yang R, Yan F, Peng Y. Synergistic Cascade Strategy Based on Modifying Tumor Microenvironment for Enhanced Breast Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:750847. [PMID: 34867360 PMCID: PMC8636108 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.750847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer with very few treatment options. Although tumor-targeted nanomedicines hold great promise for the treatment of TNBC, the tumor microenvironment (TME) continues to be a major cause of failure in nanotherapy and immunotherapy. To overcome this barrier, we designed a new synergistic cascade strategy (SCS) that uses mild hyperthermia and smart drug delivery system (SDDS) to alter TME resistance in order to improve drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy of TNBC. Methods: Mild hyperthermia was produced by microwave (MW) irradiation. SDDS were formulated with thermosensitive polymer-lipid nanoparticles (HA-BNPs@Ptx), composed of polymer PLGA, phospholipid DPPC, hyaluronic acid (HA, a differentiation-44-targeted molecule, also known as CD44), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-L-lactate (BML, a MW sensitizer), and paclitaxel (Ptx, chemotherapy drug). 4T1 breast tumor-bearing mice were treated with two-step MW combined with HA-BNPs@Ptx. Tumors in mice were pretreated with first MW irradiation prior to nanoparticle injection to modify and promote TME and promoting nanoparticle uptake and retention. The second MW irradiation was performed on the tumor 24 h after the injection of HA-BNPs@Ptx to produce a synergistic cascade effect through activating BML, thus, enhancing a hyperthermia effect, and instantly releasing Ptx at the tumor site. Results: Multifunctional CD44-targeted nanoparticles HA-BNPs@Ptx were successfully prepared and validated in vitro. After the first MW irradiation of tumors in mice, the intratumoral perfusion increased by two times, and the nanoparticle uptake was augmented by seven times. With the second MW irradiation, remarkable antitumor effects were obtained with the inhibition rate up to 88%. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis showed that SCS therapy could not only promote tumor cell apoptosis but also significantly reduce lung metastasis. Conclusion: The SCS using mild hyperthermia combined with SDDS can significantly improve the efficacy of TNBC treatment in mice by modifying TME and hyperthermia-mediated EPR effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinshun Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Binyang Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianbo Huang
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging Drug, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulan Peng
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Sokol M, Zenin V, Yabbarov N, Mollaev M, Zabolotsky A, Mollaeva M, Fomicheva M, Kuznetsov S, Popenko V, Seregina I, Nikolskaya E. Validated HPLC method for paclitaxel determination in PLGA submicron particles conjugated with α-fetoprotein third domain: Sample preparation case study. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2021; 79:500-510. [PMID: 33577833 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to develop sample preparation method and validate the HPLC method for precise determination of paclitaxel (Ptx) in PLGA submicron particles conjugated with protein vector molecule. METHODS Ptx loaded PLGA submicron particles were formulated by a single emulsification method. PLGA submicron particles were conjugated with alpha fetoprotein third domain (rAFP3d) via standard carbodiimide technique. The obtained conjugate was analyzed using 1525 binary pump and 2487 UV-VIS detector system (Waters, USA) and Reprosil ODS C-18 analytical column with the dimensions of 150mm×4.6mm ID×5μm (Dr. Maisch GmbH, Germany). Sample preparation method was developed utilizing guard cartridge with С18 stationary phase (Phenomenex, USA). HPLC method was validated according to the international conference on harmonization guidelines. RESULTS Efficient sample preparation was achieved using 4% of DMSO pre-dissolution, following by 10min of centrifugation at 4500g. Ptx determination was performed using acetonitrile/0.1% phosphoric acid (50:50 v/v) mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min, injection volume of 10μL, and at 227nm. The developed method showed linearity, accuracy and precision in the range from 0.03 to 360μg/mL, with LOD and LOQ values of 0.005 and 0.03μg/mL, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precisions presented RSD values of lower than 2%. CONCLUSION The validated method was successfully applied to calculate Ptx encapsulation efficacy and drug loading in the developed formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sokol
- Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117638 Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Biochemical Physics, RAS, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - V Zenin
- Federal State Institution "Federal Research Centre 'Fundamentals of Biotechnology' of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 119071 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - N Yabbarov
- Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117638 Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Biochemical Physics, RAS, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - M Mollaev
- Moscow Technological University, 119571 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - A Zabolotsky
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - M Mollaeva
- Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117638 Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Biochemical Physics, RAS, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - M Fomicheva
- Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117638 Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Biochemical Physics, RAS, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - S Kuznetsov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 123182 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - V Popenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, RAS, 11999 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - I Seregina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - E Nikolskaya
- Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117638 Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Biochemical Physics, RAS, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
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Vikas A, Rashmin P, Mrunali P, Sandip M, Kaushik T. RP-HPLC method for quantitative estimation of Efinaconazole in topical microemulsion and microemulsion-based-gel formulations and in presence of its degradation products. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhang M, Li M, Du L, Zeng J, Yao T, Jin Y. Paclitaxel-in-liposome-in-bacteria for inhalation treatment of primary lung cancer. Int J Pharm 2020; 578:119177. [PMID: 32105724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial therapy is emerging for the treatment of cancers though some scientific and clinical problems have not been addressed. Here, a live drug-loaded carrier, paclitaxel-in-liposome-in-bacteria (LPB), was prepared for inhalation treatment of primary lung cancer, where liposomal paclitaxel (LP) was highly effectively internalized into bacteria (E. coli or L. casei) to get LP-in-E. coli (LPE) or LP-in-L. casei (LPL) by electroporation that had no influence on the growth of these bacteria. Bacteria, LP, the simple mixture of LP and bacteria, and LPB remarkably inhibited the proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells, where LPE was the strongest one. Drug-loaded bacteria delivered the cargos into the cells more quickly than the mixture of drugs and bacteria and the cargos alone. LPE also showed the highest anticancer effect on the rat primary lung cancer among them with the downregulation of VEGF and HIF-1α and the improvement of cancer cell apoptosis after intratracheal administration. Moreover, the bacterial formulations significantly enhanced the expressions of immune markers (TNF-α, IL-4, and IFN-γ) and immune cells (leukocytes and neutrophils). LPB showed much higher bacterial distribution in the lung than other organs after intratracheal administration. LPB is a promising medicine for inhalation treatment of primary lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lina Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ji Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Tianbing Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yiguang Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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Perteghella S, Sottani C, Coccè V, Negri S, Cavicchini L, Alessandri G, Cottica D, Torre ML, Grignani E, Pessina A. Paclitaxel-Loaded Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles: Method Validation by UHPLC-MS/MS to Assess an Exogenous Approach to Load Cytotoxic Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E285. [PMID: 31213025 PMCID: PMC6631745 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11060285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to load an anticancer drug, paclitaxel (PTX), on Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles (SFNs) by using an exogenous approach. SFNs were produced, freeze-dried and then loaded with PTX. An exogenous method allowed us to reduce both drug loss and environmental impact. In order to quantify PTX loaded in SFNs, a simple and reliable method using reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (rp-UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed. This methodology was validated by the determination of spiked QC samples in three consecutive days. Good accuracy and precision of the method were obtained, while the intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 10.3%. For PTX, the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 5.0 ng/mL. Recovery from the matrix (SFNs-PTX pellets) was calculated (81.2% at LOQ value) as PTX was entrapped in a new matrix like the polymer silk fibroin-based. This method was successfully applied to determine the encapsulation efficiency (1.00 ± 0.19%) and the nanoparticle loading (0.12 ± 0.02% w/w). The in vitro anticancer activity of SFNs-PTX was tested against CFPAC-1 cancer cells; results demonstrated a very high cytotoxic activity of SFNs-PTX, with a dose dependent inhibition of CFPAC-1 proliferation, confirmed by the IC50 value of 3450 ± 750 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Perteghella
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Pharmaexceed S.r.l., 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Cristina Sottani
- Environmental Research Center, ICS MAUGERI SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Valentina Coccè
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Negri
- Environmental Research Center, ICS MAUGERI SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Loredana Cavicchini
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giulio Alessandri
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Danilo Cottica
- Environmental Research Center, ICS MAUGERI SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa Torre
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Pharmaexceed S.r.l., 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Elena Grignani
- Environmental Research Center, ICS MAUGERI SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Augusto Pessina
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy.
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Kurbanoglu S, Bakirhan NK, Gumustas M, Ozkan SA. Modern Assay Techniques for Cancer Drugs: Electroanalytical and Liquid Chromatography Methods. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2019; 49:306-323. [PMID: 30595027 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2018.1527206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, patients who have chemotherapy treatment have considerably increased number. At this point, the development of rapid precise, and reliable methods are very important to analyze cancer drugs from their dosage forms, animals or human biological samples. Among all the analytical methods, electrochemical methods hold an important position with their unique properties such as specificity in the biological recognition process, fast response, and their reliability and do not need a pretreatment process. Chromatographic methods are also used in a wide range of analytical applications for the analyses of anticancer drugs. The power of chromatography comes from its ability to separate a mixture of analytes and determination of their concentrations. Chromatographic techniques can mainly be divided into gas, liquid, and supercritical fluid chromatography. In the frame of this information, this review is aimed to provide basic principles of electroanalytical and high-performance liquid chromatography methods for the analysis of cancer drugs. In addition, some selected applications for electrochemistry-related techniques and high-performance liquid chromatography, for the determination of anti-cancer pharmaceuticals published in the last five years are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevinc Kurbanoglu
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nurgul K Bakirhan
- b Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Chemistry , Hitit University , Çorum , Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gumustas
- c Department of Forensic Toxicology , Ankara University Institute of Forensic Sciences , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
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