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Kašička V. Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2021-mid-2023). Electrophoresis 2024; 45:165-198. [PMID: 37670208 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
This review article brings a comprehensive survey of developments and applications of high-performance capillary and microchip electromigration methods (zone electrophoresis in a free solution or in sieving media, isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing, affinity electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and electrochromatography) for analysis, micropreparation, and physicochemical characterization of peptides in the period from 2021 up to ca. the middle of 2023. Progress in the study of electromigration properties of peptides and various aspects of their analysis, such as sample preparation, adsorption suppression, electroosmotic flow regulation, and detection, are presented. New developments in the particular capillary electromigration methods are demonstrated, and several types of their applications are reported. They cover qualitative and quantitative analysis of synthetic or isolated peptides and determination of peptides in complex biomatrices, peptide profiling of biofluids and tissues, and monitoring of chemical and enzymatic reactions and physicochemical changes of peptides. They include also amino acid and sequence analysis of peptides, peptide mapping of proteins, separation of stereoisomers of peptides, and their chiral analyses. In addition, micropreparative separations and physicochemical characterization of peptides and their interactions with other (bio)molecules by the above CE methods are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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2
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Fanali C, Della Posta S, Gentili A, Chankvetadze B, Fanali S. Recent developments in electromigration techniques related to pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis - A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 235:115647. [PMID: 37625282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of pharmaceutical compounds is an important research topic as the use of different drugs affects people's daily life for the treatment of diseases. In addition to the widespread use of the internet, counterfeit drugs have appeared in the market. The development of modern analytical techniques, reliable, precise, sensitive, and rapid methods, has provided powerful means of analysis used in various fields such as drug production, quality control, determination of impurities and/or metabolites, biochemistry, pharmacokinetics, etc. Analytical techniques so far used in the pharmaceutical analysis include high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), super/sub-critical fluid chromatography (SFC), and capillary electromigration techniques such as capillary electrophoresis (CE) and rather rarely capillary electrochromatography (CEC). CE has some advantages over other techniques, e.g., very high efficiency, reduced costs (use of minute volumes of solvents and samples), the possibility to use different separation mechanisms, etc. In this review paper, the main features and limitations of the capillary electromigration techniques (especially CE) are discussed. Some selected applications of CE to the analysis of pharmaceutical compounds published in the period 2021-2023 (May) are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fanali
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Susanna Della Posta
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gentili
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Salvatore Fanali
- Scientific Board of the Ph.D. School in Nanosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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3
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Zeid AM, Abdussalam A, Hanif S, Anjum S, Lou B, Xu G. Recent advances in microchip electrophoresis for analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:15-34. [PMID: 35689426 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Life-threatening diseases, such as hepatitis B, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and COVID-19, are widespread due to pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Therefore, the development of highly sensitive, rapid, portable, cost-effective, and selective methods for the analysis of such microorganisms is a great challenge. Microchip electrophoresis (ME) has been widely used in recent years for the analysis of bacterial and viral pathogens in biological and environmental samples owing to its portability, simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and rapid analysis. However, microbial enrichment and purification are critical steps for accurate and sensitive analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses in complex matrices. Therefore, we first discussed the advances in the sample preparation technologies associated with the accurate analysis of such microorganisms, especially the on-chip microfluidic-based sample preparations such as dielectrophoresis and microfluidic membrane filtration. Thereafter, we focused on the recent advances in the lab-on-a-chip electrophoretic analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses in different complex matrices. As the microbial analysis is mainly based on the analysis of nucleic acid of the microorganism, the integration of nucleic acid-based amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR, and multiplex PCR with ME will result in an accurate and sensitive analysis of microbial pathogens. Such analyses are very important for the point-of-care diagnosis of various infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah M Zeid
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abubakar Abdussalam
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.,College of Natural and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Saima Hanif
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Saima Anjum
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Baohua Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
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4
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Naghdi E, Moran GE, Reinau ME, De Malsche W, Neusüß C. Concepts and recent advances in microchip electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry: Technologies and applications. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:246-267. [PMID: 35977423 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The online coupling of microchip electrophoresis (ME) as a fast, highly efficient, and low-cost miniaturized separation technique to mass spectrometry (MS) as an information-rich and sensitive characterization technique results in ME-MS an attractive tool for various applications. In this paper, we review the basic concepts and latest advances in technology for ME coupled to MS during the period of 2016-2021, covering microchip materials, structures, fabrication techniques, and interfacing to electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-MS. Two critical issues in coupling ME and ESI-MS include the electrical connection used to define the electrophoretic field strength along the separation channel and the generation of the electrospray for MS detection, as well as, a miniaturized ESI-tip. The recent commercialization of ME-MS in zone electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing modes has led to the widespread application of these techniques in academia and industry. Here we summarize recent applications of ME-MS for the separation and detection of antibodies, proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, metabolites, and so on. Throughout the paper these applications are discussed in the context of benefits and limitations of ME-MS in comparison to alternative techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Naghdi
- Department of Chemistry, Aalen University, Aalen, Germany
| | - Griffin E Moran
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Maaloev, Denmark
| | | | - Wim De Malsche
- µFlow group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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5
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Kašička V. Peptide mapping of proteins by capillary electromigration methods. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:4245-4279. [PMID: 36200755 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review article provides a wide overview of important developments and applications of capillary electromigration methods in the area of peptide mapping of proteins in the period 1997-mid-2022, including review articles on this topic. It deals with all major aspects of peptide mapping by capillary electromigration methods: i) precleavage sample preparation involving purification, preconcentration, denaturation, reduction and alkylation of protein(s) to be analyzed, ii) generation of peptide fragments by off-line or on-line enzymatic and/or chemical cleavage of protein(s), iii) postcleavage preparation of the generated peptide mixture for capillary electromigration separation, iv) separation of the complex peptide mixtures by one-, two- and multidimensional capillary electromigration methods coupled with mass spectrometry detection, and v) a large application of peptide mapping for variable purposes, such as qualitative analysis of monoclonal antibodies and other protein biopharmaceuticals, monitoring of posttranslational modifications, determination of primary structure and investigation of function of proteins in biochemical and clinical research, characterization of proteins of variable origin as well as for protein and peptide identification in proteomic and peptidomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kašička
- Electromigration Methods, The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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6
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Abstract
Isotachophoresis (ITP) is a versatile electrophoretic technique that can be used for sample preconcentration, separation, purification, and mixing, and to control and accelerate chemical reactions. Although the basic technique is nearly a century old and widely used, there is a persistent need for an easily approachable, succinct, and rigorous review of ITP theory and analysis. This is important because the interest and adoption of the technique has grown over the last two decades, especially with its implementation in microfluidics and integration with on-chip chemical and biochemical assays. We here provide a review of ITP theory starting from physicochemical first-principles, including conservation of species, conservation of current, approximation of charge neutrality, pH equilibrium of weak electrolytes, and so-called regulating functions that govern transport dynamics, with a strong emphasis on steady and unsteady transport. We combine these generally applicable (to all types of ITP) theoretical discussions with applications of ITP in the field of microfluidic systems, particularly on-chip biochemical analyses. Our discussion includes principles that govern the ITP focusing of weak and strong electrolytes; ITP dynamics in peak and plateau modes; a review of simulation tools, experimental tools, and detection methods; applications of ITP for on-chip separations and trace analyte manipulation; and design considerations and challenges for microfluidic ITP systems. We conclude with remarks on possible future research directions. The intent of this review is to help make ITP analysis and design principles more accessible to the scientific and engineering communities and to provide a rigorous basis for the increased adoption of ITP in microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Ramachandran
- Department
of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Juan G. Santiago
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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7
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Sázelová P, Šolínová V, Schimperková T, Jiráček J, Kašička V. Chiral analysis of ‐alanyl‐
d,l
‐tyrosine and its derivatives and estimation of binding constants of their complexes with 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin by capillary electrophoresisS. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3328-3338. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Sázelová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6 Czechia
| | - Veronika Šolínová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6 Czechia
| | - Tereza Schimperková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6 Czechia
| | - Jiří Jiráček
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6 Czechia
| | - Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6 Czechia
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8
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Han M, Smith R, Rock DA. Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry (CE-MS) by Sheath-Flow Nanospray Interface and Its Use in Biopharmaceutical Applications. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2531:15-47. [PMID: 35941476 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2493-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Both capillary electrophoresis (CE) and mass spectrometry (MS) technologies are powerful analytical tools that have been used extensively in the characterization of biologics in the biopharmaceutical industry. The direct coupling of CE with MS is an attractive approach, in that the high separation capability of CE and the ultrasensitive detection and accurate identification performance of MS can be combined to provide a powerful system for the analysis of complex analytes. In this chapter, we discuss the detailed procedure of carrying out CE-MS analysis using a nano sheath-flow interface and its applications including intact mass analysis of monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins, and a biotransformation study of two Fc-FGF21 molecules in a single-dose pharmacokinetic mice study. Optimization processes, including the finetuning of CE conditions and MS parameters, are illustrated in this chapter, with focuses on method robustness and assay reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Han
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Richard Smith
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dan A Rock
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
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9
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Yamamoto S, Yano S, Kinoshita M, Suzuki S. In Situ Pinpoint Photopolymerization of Phos-Tag Polyacrylamide Gel in Poly(dimethylsiloxane)/Glass Microchip for Specific Entrapment, Derivatization, and Separation of Phosphorylated Compounds. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040268. [PMID: 34940328 PMCID: PMC8701177 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An improved method for the online preconcentration, derivatization, and separation of phosphorylated compounds was developed based on the affinity of a Phos-tag acrylamide gel formed at the intersection of a polydimethylsiloxane/glass multichannel microfluidic chip toward these compounds. The acrylamide solution comprised Phos-tag acrylamide, acrylamide, and N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide, while 2,2′-azobis[2-methyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)propionamide] was used as a photocatalytic initiator. The Phos-tag acrylamide gel was formed around the channel crossing point via irradiation with a 365 nm LED laser. The phosphorylated peptides were specifically concentrated in the Phos-tag acrylamide gel by applying a voltage across the gel plug. After entrapment of the phosphorylated compounds in the Phos-tag acrylamide gel, 5-(4,6-dichlorotriazinyl)aminofluorescein (DTAF) was introduced to the gel for online derivatization of the concentrated phosphorylated compounds. The online derivatized DTAF-labeled phosphorylated compounds were eluted by delivering a complex of phosphate ions and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid as the separation buffer. This method enabled sensitive analysis of the phosphorylated peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachio Yamamoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (S.Y.); (M.K.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Shoko Yano
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (S.Y.); (M.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Mitsuhiro Kinoshita
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (S.Y.); (M.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Shigeo Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (S.Y.); (M.K.); (S.S.)
- Antiaging Center, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan
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10
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Zhou S, Cui P, Sheng J, Zhang X, Jiang P, Ni X, Cao K, Qiu L. A novel assay for the determination of PreScission protease by capillary electrophoresis. Biophys Chem 2021; 281:106696. [PMID: 34954553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The detection of protease activity in the body plays a significant role in the early diagnosis of diseases. However, enzymes inevitably come into contact with various complex biological fluids in the body during the flow, which greatly increases the detection difficulty. Therefore, protease detection in vivo has great challenges. Herein, we report a new assay for detecting protease using capillary electrophoresis inside a capillary with semicircular bends. We first designed a peptide substrate, and then the peptide was self-assembled with quantum dots to form a QDs-peptide substrate. The capillary was bent to semicircular-shaped turns and served as a micro-reactor to allow protease and substrate react in it. Due to the different electrophoretic velocity, the protease and the substrate were mixed inside the bent capillary with sequential injections and the cleavage of the substrate can be detected using capillary electrophoresis combined with Förster resonance energy transfer technology. This novel assay will greatly expand the detection of enzyme activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, PR China; The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, PR China
| | - Pengfei Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, PR China; The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, PR China
| | - Jingyu Sheng
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, Jiangsu, PR China; The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou 213017, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Pengju Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xinye Ni
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, PR China.
| | - Kai Cao
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, Jiangsu, PR China; The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou 213017, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Lin Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, PR China.
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11
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Kašička V. Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2019-mid 2021). Electrophoresis 2021; 43:82-108. [PMID: 34632606 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The review provides a comprehensive overview of developments and applications of high performance capillary and microchip electroseparation methods (zone electrophoresis, isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing, affinity electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and electrochromatography) for analysis, microscale isolation, and physicochemical characterization of peptides from 2019 up to approximately the middle of 2021. Advances in the investigation of electromigration properties of peptides and in the methodology of their analysis, such as sample preparation, sorption suppression, EOF control, and detection, are presented. New developments in the individual CE and CEC methods are demonstrated and several types of their applications are shown. They include qualitative and quantitative analysis, determination in complex biomatrices, monitoring of chemical and enzymatic reactions and physicochemical changes, amino acid, sequence, and chiral analyses, and peptide mapping of proteins. In addition, micropreparative separations and determination of significant physicochemical parameters of peptides by CE and CEC methods are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czechia
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12
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Abstract
Peptides play a crucial role in many vitally important functions of living organisms. The goal of peptidomics is the identification of the "peptidome," the whole peptide content of a cell, organ, tissue, body fluid, or organism. In peptidomic or proteomic studies, capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an alternative technique for liquid chromatography. It is a highly efficient and fast separation method requiring extremely low amounts of sample. In peptidomic approaches, CE is commonly combined with mass spectrometric (MS) detection. Most often, CE is coupled with electrospray ionization MS and less frequently with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization MS. CE-MS has been employed in numerous studies dealing with determination of peptide biomarkers in different body fluids for various diseases, or in food peptidomic research for the analysis and identification of peptides with special biological activities. In addition to the above topics, sample preparation techniques commonly applied in peptidomics before CE separation and possibilities for peptide identification and quantification by CE-MS or CE-MS/MS methods are discussed in this chapter.
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13
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Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Peptide Nanostructures for Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154587. [PMID: 34361740 PMCID: PMC8348434 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a challenging need for the development of new alternative nanostructures that can allow the coupling and/or encapsulation of therapeutic/diagnostic molecules while reducing their toxicity and improving their circulation and in-vivo targeting. Among the new materials using natural building blocks, peptides have attracted significant interest because of their simple structure, relative chemical and physical stability, diversity of sequences and forms, their easy functionalization with (bio)molecules and the possibility of synthesizing them in large quantities. A number of them have the ability to self-assemble into nanotubes, -spheres, -vesicles or -rods under mild conditions, which opens up new applications in biology and nanomedicine due to their intrinsic biocompatibility and biodegradability as well as their surface chemical reactivity via amino- and carboxyl groups. In order to obtain nanostructures suitable for biomedical applications, the structure, size, shape and surface chemistry of these nanoplatforms must be optimized. These properties depend directly on the nature and sequence of the amino acids that constitute them. It is therefore essential to control the order in which the amino acids are introduced during the synthesis of short peptide chains and to evaluate their in-vitro and in-vivo physico-chemical properties before testing them for biomedical applications. This review therefore focuses on the synthesis, functionalization and characterization of peptide sequences that can self-assemble to form nanostructures. The synthesis in batch or with new continuous flow and microflow techniques will be described and compared in terms of amino acids sequence, purification processes, functionalization or encapsulation of targeting ligands, imaging probes as well as therapeutic molecules. Their chemical and biological characterization will be presented to evaluate their purity, toxicity, biocompatibility and biodistribution, and some therapeutic properties in vitro and in vivo. Finally, their main applications in the biomedical field will be presented so as to highlight their importance and advantages over classical nanostructures.
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14
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Xue T, Xu Z, He T. Study on a novel buffer system to separate and quantify glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and the mechanism between its key constituents and HbA1c. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Evaluation of on-line solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry with a nanoliter valve for the analysis of peptide biomarkers. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1140:1-9. [PMID: 33218471 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
On-line solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (SPE-CE-MS) is a powerful technique for high throughput sample clean-up and analyte preconcentration, separation, detection, and characterization. The most typical design due to its simplicity and low cost is unidirectional SPE-CE-MS. However, in this configuration, the sample volumes introduced by pressure depend on the dimensions of the separation capillary and some matrix components could be irreversibly adsorbed in its inner walls. Furthermore, in many cases, the requirements of on-line preconcentration are incompatible with the background electrolyte necessary for an efficient separation and sensitive MS detection. Here, we present SPE-CE-MS with a nanoliter valve (nvSPE-CE-MS) to overcome these drawbacks while keeping the design simple. The nvSPE-CE-MS system is operated with a single CE instrument and two capillaries for independent and orthogonal SPE preconcentration and CE separation, which are interfaced through an external and electrically isolated valve with a 20 nL sample loop. The instrumental setup is proved for the analysis of opioid and amyloid beta peptide biomarkers in standards and plasma samples. NvSPE-CE-MS allowed decreasing the limits of detection (LODs) 200 times with regard to CE-MS. Compared to unidirectional SPE-CE-MS, peak efficiencies were better and repeatabilities similar, but total analysis times longer and LODs for standards slightly higher due to the heart-cut operation and the limited volume of the valve loop. This small difference on the LODs for standards was compensated for plasma samples by the improved tolerance of nvSPE-CE-MS to complex sample matrices. In view of these results, the presented setup can be regarded as a promising versatile alternative to avoid complicated matrix samples entering the separation capillary in SPE-CE-MS.
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16
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Michalusová I, Sázelová P, Cejnar P, Kučková Š, Hynek R, Kašička V. Capillary electrophoretic profiling of in-bone tryptic digests of proteins as a potential tool for the detection of inflammatory states in oral surgery. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:3949-3959. [PMID: 32779841 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The commonly used histological assessment of pathological states of alveolar bone tissues in oral surgery needs laborious and time-consuming processing by an experienced histologist. Therefore, a simpler and faster methodology is required in this field. Following this demand, this paper reports a straightforward approach using the tryptic cleavage of proteins directly in bone without its demineralization, followed by the capillary electrophoresis-ultraviolet detection profiling of the yielded protein digest. Cleavage-derived peptides were separated by capillary electrophoresis in acidic background electrolytes, pH 2.01-2.54. The best resolution of peptide fragments with the highest peak capacity was achieved in the background electrolyte composed of 55 mM H3 PO4 , 14 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethan, pH 2.01. The differences in the obtained capillary electrophoresis-ultraviolet detection profiles with characteristic patterns for particular bone samples were subsequently discriminated by linear discriminant analysis over principal components. This approach was first verified on porcine bone tissues as model samples; jawbone and calf bone tissues could be discriminated with an accuracy of 100%. Subsequently, the method was capable of differentiating unequivocally between human healthy and inflammatory alveolar bone tissues obtained from oral surgery. This procedure seems to be promising as complement or even an alternative to the traditional histological discrimination between healthy and inflammatory bone tissues in oral surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Michalusová
- First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Sázelová
- Department of Electromigration Methods, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Cejnar
- Department of Computing and Control Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpánka Kučková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radovan Hynek
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kašička
- Department of Electromigration Methods, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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17
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Konjaria ML, Scriba GK. Enantioseparation of analogs of the dipeptide alanyl-phenylalanine by capillary electrophoresis using neutral cyclodextrins as chiral selectors. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1623:461158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Ragab MAA, El-Kimary EI. Recent Advances and Applications of Microfluidic Capillary Electrophoresis: A Comprehensive Review (2017-Mid 2019). Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:709-741. [PMID: 32447968 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1765729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic capillary electrophoresis (MCE) is the novel technique resulted from the CE mininaturization as planar separation and analysis device. This review presents and discusses various application fields of this advanced technology published in the period 2017 till mid-2019 in eight different sections including clinical, biological, single cell analysis, environmental, pharmaceuticals, food analysis, forensic and ion analysis. The need for miniaturization of CE and the consequence advantages achieved are also discussed including high-throughput, miniaturized detection, effective separation, portability and the need for micro- or even nano-volume of samples. Comprehensive tables for the MCE applications in the different studied fields are provided. Also, figure comparing the number of the published papers applying MCE in the eight discussed fields within the studied period is included. The future investigation should put into consideration the possibility of replacing conventional CE with the MCE after proper validation. Suitable validation parameters with their suitable accepted ranges should be tailored for analysis methods utilizing such unique technique (MCE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A A Ragab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Alexandria University, El-Messalah, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman I El-Kimary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Alexandria University, El-Messalah, Alexandria, Egypt
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19
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Yang J, Zhao S, Zhao D, Huang Y, Liu X, Hu W, Liu B. A capillary electrophoresis strategy to sensitively detect dynamic properties of coiled coil polypeptides. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:2201-2208. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Innovation Institute for Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and ChemistryWuhan Donghu University Wuhan P. R. China
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Sun‐Duo Zhao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Dong‐Hui Zhao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- Innovation Institute for Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and ChemistryWuhan Donghu University Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Xia Liu
- Innovation Institute for Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and ChemistryWuhan Donghu University Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Wei Hu
- Innovation Institute for Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and ChemistryWuhan Donghu University Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
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20
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Qiu L, Cui P, Zhu Z, Xu M, Jia W, Sheng J, Ni X, Zhou S, Wang J. Multienzyme detection and in‐situ monitoring of enzyme activity by bending CE using quantum dots‐based polypeptide substrate. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1103-1108. [PMID: 32091140 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Zhilan Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Xu
- Changzhou Le Sun Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Jingyu Sheng
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xinye Ni
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Shuwen Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
- Changzhou Le Sun Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
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21
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Pero-Gascon R, Tascon M, Sanz-Nebot V, Gagliardi LG, Benavente F. Improving separation optimization in capillary electrophoresis by using a general quality criterion. Talanta 2020; 208:120399. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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Kravchenko A, Kolobova E, Kartsova L. Multifunction covalent coatings for separation of amino acids, biogenic amines, steroid hormones, and ketoprofen enantiomers by capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Kravchenko
- Saint Petersburg State UniversityInstitute of Chemistry 26 Universitetskii prospect St. Petersburg Peterhof 198504 Russia
| | - Ekaterina Kolobova
- Saint Petersburg State UniversityInstitute of Chemistry 26 Universitetskii prospect St. Petersburg Peterhof 198504 Russia
- The Federal State Institute of Public Health ‘The Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine’The Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil DefenceEmergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters 54, Optikov st. St. Petersburg 197082 Russia
| | - Liudmila Kartsova
- Saint Petersburg State UniversityInstitute of Chemistry 26 Universitetskii prospect St. Petersburg Peterhof 198504 Russia
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23
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Šimčíková D, Tůma P, Jegorov A, Šimek P, Heneberg P. Rapid methods for the separation of natural mixtures of beauverolides, cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitors, isolated from the fungus
Isaria fumosorosea. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:962-969. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Petr Tůma
- Charles UniversityThird Faculty of Medicine Prague Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Jegorov
- Charles UniversityThird Faculty of Medicine Prague Czech Republic
- Biology CentreCzech Academy of Sciences České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Petr Šimek
- Biology CentreCzech Academy of Sciences České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Petr Heneberg
- Charles UniversityThird Faculty of Medicine Prague Czech Republic
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24
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Ou X, Chen P, Huang X, Li S, Liu B. Microfluidic chip electrophoresis for biochemical analysis. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:258-270. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Ou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti‐Cancer Active IngredientsCollege of Chemistry and Life ScienceHubei University of Education Wuhan P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xizhi Huang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Shunji Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Bi‐Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
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25
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Kašička V. Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2017–mid 2019). Electrophoresis 2019; 41:10-35. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of Sciences Prague 6 Czechia
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26
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Analysis of Hordeins in Barley Grain and Malt by Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01648-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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27
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Zhu N, Zhang SL, Li JP, Qu C, Sun AD, Qiao XL. Design and Optimization of a Microchip Operating at Low-Voltage Pulsed Electric Field for Juice Sterilization. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-019-02333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Renard C, Leclercq L, Stocco A, Cottet H. Superhydrophobic capillary coatings: Elaboration, characterization and application to electrophoretic separations. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1603:361-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Antibody-free detection of amyloid beta peptides biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid using capillary isotachophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1601:350-356. [PMID: 31101465 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study reports a capillary isotachophoresis (ITP) - electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) method for the determination of several amyloid β (Aβ) peptides, which are biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in cerebrospinal fluids (CSF). For the first time, these peptides have been detected directly from CSF by MS without recourse to an immunocapture-based sample pre-treatment. The antibody-free approach is based on the marriage between capillary ITP, a powerful on-line electrokinetic preconcentration technique, and MS for simultaneous detection of different Aβ peptides. To ensure a good performance, the ITP process of fluorescently labelled Aβ peptides was for the first time implemented and verified with laser induced fluorescent detection, prior to methodology transfer to MS detection. Better detection sensitivity was achieved with labelled Aβ peptides for both detection modes. Using hydroxyl ions as the terminating and acetate as the leading ions, our method allows efficient ITP preconcentration under alkaline conditions of the slowly migrating Aβ peptides to reach quantifiable concentration down to 50 pM. The developed ITP-MS approach allows reliable quantification of different fluorescently derivatized Aβ peptides, i.e. Aβ 1-42, Aβ 1-40 and Aβ 1-38 down to sub nM ranges in CSF samples from AD and non-demented (healthy control) patients. Good agreement (<20% deviation) for the determination of Aβ 1-42/Aβ 1-40 ratio in CSF was achieved between results obtained with this new ITP-MS and our recently developed method based on large volume sample stacking coupled to CE. Discrimination of one AD patient from two healthy controls was successfully made with the Aβ 1-42/Aβ 1-40 ratio obtained by the developed ITP-MS method for the tested cerebrospinal fluid samples.
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30
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Kempińska D, Chmiel T, Kot-Wasik A, Mróz A, Mazerska Z, Namieśnik J. State of the art and prospects of methods for determination of lipophilicity of chemical compounds. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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31
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Enantioselective resolution of side-chain modified gem-difluorinated alcohols catalysed by Candida antarctica lipase B and monitored by capillary electrophoresis. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1246-1253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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32
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Wu H, Yi L, Wojcik R, Shi T, Tang K. A separation voltage polarity switching method for higher sample loading capacity and better separation resolution in transient capillary isotachophoresis separation. Analyst 2019; 144:454-462. [PMID: 30444223 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01779d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A separation voltage polarity switching transient capillary isotachophoresis (PS-tCITP) was developed to overcome a major sample loading volume limitation in transient capillary isotachophoresis (tCITP). The fundamental idea of PS-tCITP is to let sample ions move back and forth in a separation capillary during their initial isotachophoresis focusing stage by switching the polarity of the separation voltage, in order to both increase the sample loading volume and improve the separation efficiency as compared to the conventional tCITP method. The experimental evaluation of the novel PS-tCITP method by using two peptide standards at 2 μM concentration showed that the maximum sample loading volume could be increased from 45% of the total separation capillary volume in tCITP to 70% in PS-tCITP, which resulted in a more than 1.5 fold increase in the peptide peak intensity at a given length/volume of the separation capillary. Due to the consecutive focusing of sample volume from each polarity switching of the separation voltage, the separation time window at a given sample loading volume was also increased significantly in PS-tCITP as compared to tCITP. Experiment comparison between tCITP and PS-tCITP at 45% sample loading volume using the same setup showed that the migration time difference between the two peptide peaks increased from 0.3 min in tCITP to 0.363 min in PS-tCITP with similar peak widths and heights, resulting in roughly a 21% improvement in separation resolution. The performance advantages of PS-tCITP separation over tCITP separation were further verified by using a mixture of six peptide standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanming Wu
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
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33
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Pero-Gascon R, Pont L, Sanz-Nebot V, Benavente F. On-Line Immunoaffinity Solid-Phase Extraction Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Serum Transthyretin. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1972:57-76. [PMID: 30847784 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9213-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of low abundant proteins in biological fluids by capillary electrophoresis (CE) is particularly problematic due to the typically poor concentration limits of detection of microscale separation techniques. Another important issue is sample matrix complexity that requires an appropriate cleanup. Here, we describe an on-line immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (IA-SPE-CE-MS) method for the immunoextraction, preconcentration, separation, detection, and characterization of serum transthyretin (TTR). TTR is a protein biomarker related to diverse types of amyloidosis, such as familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy type I (FAP-I), which is the most common hereditary systemic amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Pero-Gascon
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA·UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Pont
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA·UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Sanz-Nebot
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA·UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Fernando Benavente
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA·UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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34
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Wang J, Zhu Z, Jia W, Qiu L, Chang Y, Li J, Ma L, You Y, Wang J, Liu L, Xia J, Liu X, Li Y, Jiang P. Resolving quantum dots and peptide assembly and disassembly using bending capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:1019-1026. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhilan Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Lin Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Luping Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Ying You
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Jianpeng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Jiang Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
- Department of ChemistryThe Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Yong‐Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionCollaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow University Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Pengju Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life ScienceChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
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35
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Tan F, Wang T, Wang H, Zheng Y. Microfluidic techniques for tumor cell detection. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:1230-1244. [PMID: 30548633 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related death. Early detection of tumor cell in peripheral blood is of great significant to early diagnosis and effective treatment of cancer. Over the past two decades, microfluidic technologies have been demonstrated to have great potential for isolating and detecting tumor cell from blood. The present paper reviews microfluidic techniques for tumor cell detection based on various physical principles. The specific methods are categorized into active and passive methods depending on whether extra force field is applied. Working principles of the two methods are explained in detail, including microfluidics combined with optical tweezer, electric field, magnetic field, acoustophoresis, and without extra fields for tumor cell detection. Typical experiments and the results are reviewed. Based on these, research characteristics of the two methods are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Tan
- College of Communication Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Tianbao Wang
- College of Communication Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Haishi Wang
- College of Communication Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yuzheng Zheng
- College of Communication Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
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36
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Štěpánová S, Kašička V. Recent developments and applications of capillary and microchip electrophoresis in proteomics and peptidomics (2015-mid 2018). J Sep Sci 2018; 42:398-414. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201801090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sille Štěpánová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague 6 Czechia
| | - Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague 6 Czechia
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37
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Wang J, Qiu L, You Y, Ma L, Zhu Z, Yang L, Wang J, Wang X, Liu L, Liu X, Chang Y, Li J, Gao L, Li YQ. A novel in-capillary assay for dynamically monitoring fast binding between antibody and peptides using CE. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:4544-4550. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Lin Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Ying You
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Luping Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Zhilan Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Jianpeng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Radiology Department; The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Liqian Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen); Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU); Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection; School of Radiation Medicine and Protection; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; Soochow University; Suzhou P. R.China
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38
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Gogolashvili A, Tatunashvili E, Chankvetadze L, Sohajda T, Szeman J, Gumustas M, Ozkan SA, Salgado A, Chankvetadze B. Separation of terbutaline enantiomers in capillary electrophoresis with cyclodextrin-type chiral selectors and investigation of structure of selector-selectand complexes. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1571:231-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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39
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Šlampová A, Malá Z, Gebauer P. Recent progress of sample stacking in capillary electrophoresis (2016-2018). Electrophoresis 2018; 40:40-54. [PMID: 30073675 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrophoretic sample stacking comprises a group of capillary electrophoretic techniques where trace analytes from the sample are concentrated into a short zone (stack). This paper is a continuation of our previous reviews on the topic and brings a survey of more than 120 papers published approximately since the second quarter of 2016 till the first quarter of 2018. It is organized according to the particular stacking principles and includes chapters on concentration adjustment (Kohlrausch) stacking, on stacking techniques based on pH changes, on stacking in electrokinetic chromatography and on other stacking techniques. Where available, explicit information is given about the procedure, electrolyte(s) used, detector employed and sensitivity reached. Not reviewed are papers on transient isotachophoresis which are covered by another review in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Šlampová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdena Malá
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Gebauer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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40
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Chen J, Wang X, Ghulam M, Chen H, Qu F. Predefine resolution of enantiomers in partial filling capillary electrophoresis and two discontinuous function plugs coupling in-capillary. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2391-2397. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Murtaza Ghulam
- School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Hongxu Chen
- School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Feng Qu
- School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing P. R. China
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41
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Malá Z, Gebauer P. Recent progress in analytical capillary isotachophoresis. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:55-64. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zdena Malá
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Petr Gebauer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Brno Czech Republic
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42
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Sarbu M, Zamfir AD. Modern separation techniques coupled to high performance mass spectrometry for glycolipid analysis. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1155-1170. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Sarbu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter; Timisoara Romania
| | - Alina Diana Zamfir
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter; Timisoara Romania
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43
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Nguyen BT, Park M, Yoo YS, Kang MJ. Capillary electrophoresis-laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF)-based immunoassay for quantifying antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides. Analyst 2018; 143:3141-3147. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00714d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
CE-LIF based immunoassay to quantify antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binh Thanh Nguyen
- Molecular Recognition Research Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology (Biological Chemistry)
| | - Min Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hallym University
- Chuncheon-si
- Korea
- Integrative Materials Research Institute
| | - Young Sook Yoo
- Molecular Recognition Research Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kang
- Molecular Recognition Research Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology (Biological Chemistry)
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