1
|
Sheng Z, Cao X, Deng YN, Zhao X, Liang S. SUMOylation of AnxA6 facilitates EGFR-PKCα complex formation to suppress epithelial cancer growth. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:189. [PMID: 37528485 PMCID: PMC10391975 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Annexin A6 (AnxA6) protein is known to inhibit the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling upon EGF stimulation. While the biochemical mechanism of AnxA6 inactivating phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK1/2 is not completely explored in cancer cells. METHODS Cells were transiently co-transfected with pFlag-AnxA6, pHA-UBC9 and pHis-SUMO1 plasmids to enrich the SUMOylated AnxA6 by immunoprecipitation, and the modification level of AnxA6 by SUMO1 was detected by Western blot against SUMO1 antibody. The SUMOylation level of AnxA6 was compared in response to chemical SUMOylation inhibitor treatment. AnxA6 SUMOylation sites were further identified by LC-MS/MS and amino acid site mutation validation. AnxA6 gene was silenced through AnxA6 targeting shRNA-containing pLKO.1 lentiviral transfection in HeLa cells, while AnxA6 gene was over-expressed within the Lenti-Vector carrying AnxA6 or mutant AnxA6K299R plasmid in A431 cells using lentiviral infections. Moreover, the mutant plasmid pGFP-EGFRT790M/L858R was constructed to test AnxA6 regulation on EGFR mutation-induced signal transduction. Moreover, cell proliferation, migration, and gefitinib chemotherapy sensitivity were evaluated in HeLa and A431 cells under AnxA6 konckdown or AnxA6 overexpression by CCK8, colony form and wound healing assays. And tumorigenicity in vivo was measured in epithelial cancer cells-xenografted nude mouse model. RESULTS AnxA6 was obviously modified by SUMO1 conjugation within Lys (K) residues, and the K299 was one key SUMOylation site of AnxA6 in epithelial cancer cells. Compared to the wild type AnxA6, AnxA6 knockdown and its SUMO site mutant AnxA6K299R showed less suppression of dephosphorylation of EGFR-ERK1/2 under EGF stimulation. The SUMOylated AnxA6 was prone to bind EGFR in response to EGF inducement, which facilitated EGFR-PKCα complex formation to decrease the EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR-ERK1/2 and cyclin D1 expression. Similarly, AnxA6 SUMOylation inhibited dephosphorylation of the mutant EGFR, thereby impeding EGFR mutation-involved signal transduction. Moreover, AnxA6 knockdown or the K299 mutant AnxA6K299R conferred AnxA6 inability to suppress tumor progression, resulting in drug resistance to gefitinib in epithelial cancer cells. And in epithelial cancer cells-xenografted nude mouse model, both the weight and size of tumors derived from AnxA6 knockdown or AnxA6K299R mutation-expressing cells were much greater than that of AnxA6-expressing cells. CONCLUSIONS Besides EGFR gene mutation, protein SUMOylation modification of EGFR-binding protein AnxA6 also functions pivotal roles in mediating epithelial cancer cell growth and gefitinib drug effect. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zenghua Sheng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Deng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufang Liang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Section 3 of Renmin South Road, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheng X, Wang K, Zhao Y, Wang K. Research progress on post-translational modification of proteins and cardiovascular diseases. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:275. [PMID: 37507372 PMCID: PMC10382489 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01560-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as atherosclerosis, myocardial remodeling, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, heart failure, and oxidative stress are among the greatest threats to human health worldwide. Cardiovascular pathogenesis has been studied for decades, and the influence of epigenetic changes on CVDs has been extensively studied. Post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, glycosylation, methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, ubiquitin-like and nitrification, play important roles in the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system. Over the past decade, with the application of high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), an increasing number novel acylation modifications have been discovered, including propionylation, crotonylation, butyrylation, succinylation, lactylation, and isonicotinylation. Each change in protein conformation has the potential to alter protein function and lead to CVDs, and this process is usually reversible. This article summarizes the mechanisms underlying several common PTMs involved in the occurrence and development of CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- XueLi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266073, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266073, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266073, Shandong, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266073, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Site-specific proteomic strategies to identify ubiquitin and SUMO modifications: Challenges and opportunities. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 132:97-108. [PMID: 34802913 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin and SUMO modify thousands of substrates to regulate most cellular processes. System-wide identification of ubiquitin and SUMO substrates provides global understanding of their cellular functions. In this review, we discuss the biological importance of site-specific modifications by ubiquitin and SUMO regulating the DNA damage response, protein quality control and cell cycle progression. Furthermore we discuss the machinery responsible for these modifications and methods to purify and identify ubiquitin and SUMO modified sites by mass spectrometry. We provide a framework to aid in the selection of appropriate purification, digestion and acquisition strategies suited to answer different biological questions. We highlight opportunities in the field for employing innovative technologies, as well as discuss challenges and long-standing questions in the field that are difficult to address with the currently available tools, emphasizing the need for further innovation.
Collapse
|
4
|
Identification of NRAS Diagnostic Biomarkers and Drug Targets for Endometrial Cancer-An Integrated in Silico Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214285. [PMID: 36430761 PMCID: PMC9692821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of endometrial cancer involves sequential, invasive tests to assess the thickness of the endometrium by a transvaginal ultrasound scan. In 6−33% of cases, endometrial biopsy results in inadequate tissue for a conclusive pathological diagnosis and 6% of postmenopausal women with non-diagnostic specimens are later discovered to have severe endometrial lesions. Thus, identifying diagnostic biomarkers could offer a non-invasive diagnosis for community or home-based triage of symptomatic or asymptomatic women. Herein, this study identified high-risk pathogenic nsSNPs in the NRAS gene. The nsSNPs of NRAS were retrieved from the NCBI database. PROVEAN, SIFT, PolyPhen-2, SNPs&GO, PhD-SNP and PANTHER were used to predict the pathogenicity of the nsSNPs. Eleven nsSNPs were identified as “damaging”, and further stability analysis using I-Mutant 2.0 and MutPred 2 indicated eight nsSNPs to cause decreased stability (DDG scores < −0.5). Post-translational modification and protein−protein interactions (PPI) analysis showed putative phosphorylation sites. The PPI network indicated a GFR-MAPK signalling pathway with higher node degrees that were further evaluated for drug targets. The P34L, G12C and Y64D showed significantly lower binding affinity towards GTP than wild-type. Furthermore, the Kaplan−Meier bioinformatics analyses indicated that the NRAS gene deregulation affected the overall survival rate of patients with endometrial cancer, leading to prognostic significance. Findings from this could be considered novel diagnostic and therapeutic markers.
Collapse
|
5
|
Cracco L, Doud EH, Hallinan GI, Garringer HJ, Jacobsen MH, Richardson R, Buratti E, Vidal R, Ghetti B, Newell KL. Distinguishing post-translational modifications in dominantly inherited FTD: FTLD-TDP Type A (GRN) versus Type B (C9orf72). Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2022; 48:e12836. [PMID: 35836354 PMCID: PMC9452479 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Frontotemporal dementias are neuropathologically characterized by frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Intraneuronal inclusions of transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) are the defining pathologic hallmark of approximately half of the FTLD cases, being referred to as FTLD-TDP. The classification of FTLD-TDP into five subtypes (Type A to Type E) is based on pathologic phenotypes; however, the molecular determinants underpinning the phenotypic heterogeneity of FTLD-TDP are not well known. It is currently undetermined whether TDP-43 post-translational modifications (PTMs) may be related to the phenotypic diversity of the FTLDs. Thus, the investigation of FTLD-TDP Type A and Type B, associated with GRN and C9orf72 mutations, becomes an essential step. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to identify and map the intraneuronal inclusions. Sarkosyl-insoluble TDP-43 was extracted from brains of GRN and C9orf72 carriers post-mortem and studied by western blot analysis, immunoelectron microscopy and mass spectrometry. RESULTS Filaments of TDP-43 were present in all FTLD-TDP preparations. PTM profiling identified multiple phosphorylated, N-terminal acetylated, or otherwise modified residues, several of which have been identified for the first time as related to sarkosyl-insoluble TDP-43. Several PTMs were specific for either Type A or Type B, while others were identified in both types. CONCLUSIONS The current results provide evidence that the intraneuronal inclusions in the two genetic diseases contain TDP-43 filaments. The discovery of novel, potentially Type-specific TDP-43 PTMs emphasizes the need to determine the mechanisms leading to filament formation and PTMs, and the necessity of exploring the validity and occupancy of PTMs in a prognostic/diagnostic setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cracco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Emma H Doud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Grace I Hallinan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Holly J Garringer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Max H Jacobsen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rose Richardson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Emanuele Buratti
- Molecular Pathology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Ruben Vidal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bernardino Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kathy L Newell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hua D, Wu X. Small-molecule inhibitors targeting small ubiquitin-like modifier pathway for the treatment of cancers and other diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 233:114227. [PMID: 35247754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SUMOylation is a key post-translational modification that involves the covalent attachment of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) to the lysine residues of target proteins. The well-balanced SUMOylation is essential for normal cellular behaviors, while disturbance of SUMOylation is associated with various cancers and other diseases. Herein, we summarize the structures and biological functions of proteins involved in the SUMOylation process, their dysregulation in human diseases, and the discovery of small-molecular inhibitors targeting this pathway. In addition, we highlight the emerging trends in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dexiang Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiaoxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Post-translational modifications in tumor-associated carbonic anhydrases. Amino Acids 2021; 54:543-558. [PMID: 34436666 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human carbonic anhydrases IX (hCA IX) and XII (hCA XII) are two proteins associated with tumor formation and development. These enzymes have been largely investigated both from a biochemical and a functional point of view. However, limited data are currently available on the characterization of their post-translational modifications (PTMs) and the functional implication of these structural changes in the tumor environment. In this review, we summarize existing literature data on PTMs of hCA IX and hCA XII, such as disulphide bond formation, phosphorylation, O-/N-linked glycosylation, acetylation and ubiquitination, highlighting, when possible, their specific role in cancer pathological processes.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
SUMOylation dynamically conjugates SUMO molecules to the lysine residue of a substrate protein, which depends on the physiological state of the cell and the attached SUMO isoforms. A prominent role of SUMOylation in molecular pathways is to govern the cellular death process. Herein, we summarize the association between SUMOylation modification events and four types of cellular death processes: apoptosis, autophagy, senescence and pyroptosis. SUMOylation positively or negatively regulates a certain cellular death pattern depending on specific conditions including the attached SUMO isoforms, disease types, substrate proteins and cell context. Moreover, we also discuss the possible role of SUMOylation in ferroptosis and propose a potential role of the SUMOylated GPX4 in the regulation of ferroptosis. Mapping the exact SUMOylation network with cellular death contributes to develop novel SUMOylation-targeting disease therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zenghua Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nie Q, Chen H, Zou M, Wang L, Hou M, Xiang JW, Luo Z, Gong XD, Fu JL, Wang Y, Zheng SY, Xiao Y, Gan YW, Gao Q, Bai YY, Wang JM, Zhang L, Tang XC, Hu X, Gong L, Liu Y, Li DWC. The E3 Ligase PIAS1 Regulates p53 Sumoylation to Control Stress-Induced Apoptosis of Lens Epithelial Cells Through the Proapoptotic Regulator Bax. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:660494. [PMID: 34195189 PMCID: PMC8237824 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein sumoylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications regulating many biological processes (Flotho A & Melchior F. 2013. Ann Rev. Biochem. 82:357–85). Our previous studies have shown that sumoylation plays a fundamental role in regulating lens differentiation (Yan et al., 2010. PNAS, 107(49):21034-9.; Gong et al., 2014. PNAS. 111(15):5574–9). Whether sumoylation is implicated in lens pathogenesis remains elusive. Here, we present evidence to show that the protein inhibitor of activated STAT-1 (PIAS1), a E3 ligase for sumoylation, is implicated in regulating stress-induced lens pathogenesis. During oxidative stress-induced cataractogenesis, expression of PIAS1 is significantly altered at both mRNA and protein levels. Upregulation and overexpression of exogenous PIAS1 significantly enhances stress-induced apoptosis. In contrast, silence of PIAS1 with CRISPR/Cas9 technology attenuates stress-induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, different from other cells, PIAS1 has little effect to activate JNK but upregulates Bax, a major proapoptotic regulator. Moreover, Bax upregulation is derived from the enhanced transcription activity of the upstream transcription factor, p53. As revealed previously in other cells by different laboratories, our data also demonstrate that PIAS1 promotes SUMO1 conjugation of p53 at K386 residue in lens epithelial cells and thus enhances p53 transcription activity to promote Bax upregulation. Silence of Bax expression largely abrogates PIAS1-mediated enhancement of stress-induced apoptosis. Thus, our results demonstrated that PIAS1 promotes oxidative stress-induced apoptosis through positive control of p53, which specifically upregulates expression of the downstream proapoptotic regulator Bax. As a result, PIAS1-promoted apoptosis induced by oxidative stress is implicated in lens pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Wen Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongwen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Ling Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Wen Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Yue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Miao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Cheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuebin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - David Wan-Cheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Díaz-Hernández M, Javier-Reyna R, Sotto-Ortega I, García-Rivera G, Montaño S, Betanzos A, Zanatta D, Orozco E. Protein Sumoylation Is Crucial for Phagocytosis in Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoites. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115709. [PMID: 34071922 PMCID: PMC8198320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications provide Entamoeba histolytica proteins the timing and signaling to intervene during different processes, such as phagocytosis. However, SUMOylation has not been studied in E. histolytica yet. Here, we characterized the E. histolytica SUMO gene, its product (EhSUMO), and the relevance of SUMOylation in phagocytosis. Our results indicated that EhSUMO has an extended N-terminus that differentiates SUMO from ubiquitin. It also presents the GG residues at the C-terminus and the ΨKXE/D binding motif, both involved in target protein contact. Additionally, the E. histolytica genome possesses the enzymes belonging to the SUMOylation-deSUMOylation machinery. Confocal microscopy assays disclosed a remarkable EhSUMO membrane activity with convoluted and changing structures in trophozoites during erythrophagocytosis. SUMOylated proteins appeared in pseudopodia, phagocytic channels, and around the adhered and ingested erythrocytes. Docking analysis predicted interaction of EhSUMO with EhADH (an ALIX family protein), and immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays revealed that the association increased during phagocytosis; whereas the EhVps32 (a protein of the ESCRT-III complex)-EhSUMO interaction appeared stronger since basal conditions. In EhSUMO knocked-down trophozoites, the bizarre membranous structures disappeared, and EhSUMO interaction with EhADH and EhVps32 diminished. Our results evidenced the presence of a SUMO gene in E. histolytica and the SUMOylation relevance during phagocytosis. This is supported by bioinformatics screening of many other proteins of E. histolytica involved in phagocytosis, which present putative SUMOylation sites and the ΨKXE/D binding motif.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitzi Díaz-Hernández
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (M.D.-H.); (R.J.-R.); (G.G.-R.); (A.B.); (D.Z.)
| | - Rosario Javier-Reyna
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (M.D.-H.); (R.J.-R.); (G.G.-R.); (A.B.); (D.Z.)
| | - Izaid Sotto-Ortega
- Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad de Santander, 200004 Valledupar, Colombia;
| | - Guillermina García-Rivera
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (M.D.-H.); (R.J.-R.); (G.G.-R.); (A.B.); (D.Z.)
| | - Sarita Montaño
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Sinaloa 80030, Mexico;
| | - Abigail Betanzos
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (M.D.-H.); (R.J.-R.); (G.G.-R.); (A.B.); (D.Z.)
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (Conacyt), Mexico City 03940, Mexico
| | - Dxinegueela Zanatta
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (M.D.-H.); (R.J.-R.); (G.G.-R.); (A.B.); (D.Z.)
| | - Esther Orozco
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (M.D.-H.); (R.J.-R.); (G.G.-R.); (A.B.); (D.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5747-5642
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Theurillat I, Hendriks IA, Cossec JC, Andrieux A, Nielsen ML, Dejean A. Extensive SUMO Modification of Repressive Chromatin Factors Distinguishes Pluripotent from Somatic Cells. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108146. [PMID: 32937131 PMCID: PMC7495044 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification by SUMO is a key regulator of cell identity. In mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), SUMO impedes reprogramming to pluripotency, while in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), it represses the emergence of totipotent-like cells, suggesting that SUMO targets distinct substrates to preserve somatic and pluripotent states. Using MS-based proteomics, we show that the composition of endogenous SUMOylomes differs dramatically between MEFs and ESCs. In MEFs, SUMO2/3 targets proteins associated with canonical SUMO functions, such as splicing, and transcriptional regulators driving somatic enhancer selection. In contrast, in ESCs, SUMO2/3 primarily modifies highly interconnected repressive chromatin complexes, thereby preventing chromatin opening and transitioning to totipotent-like states. We also characterize several SUMO-modified pluripotency factors and show that SUMOylation of Dppa2 and Dppa4 impedes the conversion to 2-cell-embryo-like states. Altogether, we propose that rewiring the repertoire of SUMO target networks is a major driver of cell fate decision during embryonic development. Endogenous SUMO2/3 proteomics in ESCs and MEFs uncovers drastic SUMOylome rewiring In ESCs, SUMO2/3 targets densely interconnected repressive chromatin proteins In MEFs, SUMO2/3 targets key determinants of fibroblastic cell identity SUMOylation of Dppa2/4 prevents conversion of ESCs to the 2C-like state
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Theurillat
- Nuclear Organization and Oncogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75015 Paris, France; INSERM, U993, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ivo A Hendriks
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jack-Christophe Cossec
- Nuclear Organization and Oncogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75015 Paris, France; INSERM, U993, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Andrieux
- Nuclear Organization and Oncogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75015 Paris, France; INSERM, U993, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Michael L Nielsen
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Dejean
- Nuclear Organization and Oncogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75015 Paris, France; INSERM, U993, 75015 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dunphy K, Dowling P, Bazou D, O’Gorman P. Current Methods of Post-Translational Modification Analysis and Their Applications in Blood Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1930. [PMID: 33923680 PMCID: PMC8072572 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) add a layer of complexity to the proteome through the addition of biochemical moieties to specific residues of proteins, altering their structure, function and/or localization. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques are at the forefront of PTM analysis due to their ability to detect large numbers of modified proteins with a high level of sensitivity and specificity. The low stoichiometry of modified peptides means fractionation and enrichment techniques are often performed prior to MS to improve detection yields. Immuno-based techniques remain popular, with improvements in the quality of commercially available modification-specific antibodies facilitating the detection of modified proteins with high affinity. PTM-focused studies on blood cancers have provided information on altered cellular processes, including cell signaling, apoptosis and transcriptional regulation, that contribute to the malignant phenotype. Furthermore, the mechanism of action of many blood cancer therapies, such as kinase inhibitors, involves inhibiting or modulating protein modifications. Continued optimization of protocols and techniques for PTM analysis in blood cancer will undoubtedly lead to novel insights into mechanisms of malignant transformation, proliferation, and survival, in addition to the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review discusses techniques used for PTM analysis and their applications in blood cancer research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Dunphy
- Department of Biology, National University of Ireland, W23 F2K8 Maynooth, Ireland; (K.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, National University of Ireland, W23 F2K8 Maynooth, Ireland; (K.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Despina Bazou
- Department of Haematology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 WKW8 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Peter O’Gorman
- Department of Haematology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 WKW8 Dublin, Ireland;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Stabell M, Sæther T, Røhr ÅK, Gabrielsen OS, Myklebost O. Methylation-dependent SUMOylation of the architectural transcription factor HMGA2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 552:91-97. [PMID: 33744765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group A2 (HMGA2) is a chromatin-associated protein involved in the regulation of stem cell function, embryogenesis and cancer development. Although the protein does not contain a consensus SUMOylation site, it is shown to be SUMOylated. In this study, we demonstrate that the first lysine residue in the reported K66KAE SUMOylation motif in HMGA2 can be methylated in vitro and in vivo by the Set7/9 methyltransferase. By editing the lysine, the increased hydrophobicity of the resulting 6-N-methyl-lysine transforms the sequence into a consensus SUMO motif. This post-translational editing dramatically increases the subsequent SUMOylation of this site. Furthermore, similar putative methylation-dependent SUMO motifs are found in a number of other chromatin factors, and we confirm methylation-dependent SUMOylation of a site in one such protein, the Polyhomeotic complex 1 homolog (PHC1). Together, these results suggest that crosstalk between methylation and SUMOylation is a general mode for regulation of chromatin function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Stabell
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4953 Nydalen, N-0424, Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Sæther
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Åsmund K Røhr
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Odd S Gabrielsen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ola Myklebost
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4953 Nydalen, N-0424, Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
The role of SUMOylation during development. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:463-478. [PMID: 32311032 PMCID: PMC7200636 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
During the development of multicellular organisms, transcriptional regulation plays an important role in the control of cell growth, differentiation and morphogenesis. SUMOylation is a reversible post-translational process involved in transcriptional regulation through the modification of transcription factors and through chromatin remodelling (either modifying chromatin remodelers or acting as a ‘molecular glue’ by promoting recruitment of chromatin regulators). SUMO modification results in changes in the activity, stability, interactions or localization of its substrates, which affects cellular processes such as cell cycle progression, DNA maintenance and repair or nucleocytoplasmic transport. This review focuses on the role of SUMO machinery and the modification of target proteins during embryonic development and organogenesis of animals, from invertebrates to mammals.
Collapse
|