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Rubio-Rodríguez E, Vera-Reyes I, Rodríguez-Hernández AA, López-Laredo AR, Ramos-Valdivia AC, Trejo-Tapia G. Mixed elicitation with salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide modulates the phenolic and iridoid pathways in Castilleja tenuiflora plants. PLANTA 2023; 258:20. [PMID: 37326881 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION SA and H2O2, in single and mixed elicitation stimulate specialized metabolism and activate oxidative stress in C. tenuiflora plants. Single elicitation with salicylic acid (SA at 75 µM) and, hydrogen peroxide (at 150 µM), and mixed elicitation (75 µM SA + 150 µM H2O2) were evaluated on specialized metabolism in Castilleja tenuiflora Benth. plants. Total phenolic content (TPC), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, antioxidant enzymes and specialized metabolite profiles, as well as the expression levels of eight genes involved in phenolic (Cte-TyrDC, Cte-GOT2, Cte-ADD, Cte-AO3, Cte-PAL1, Cte-CHS1) and terpene pathways (Cte-DXS1 and Cte-G10H) and their correlation with major metabolite (verbascoside and aucubin) concentrations were investigated. TPC content (three-fold) and PAL activity (11.5-fold) increased with mixed elicitation, as well as catalase and peroxidase activity (11.3-fold and 10.8-fold, respectively), compared to single elicitation. Phenylethanoid accumulation was greatest under mixed elicitation, followed by SA and H2O2. Lignan accumulation was differential, depending on the plant part and the elicitor. Flavonoids only appeared after mixed elicitation. The high concentration of verbascoside under mixed elicitation was related to a high gene expression. Single elicitation induced iridoid accumulation in specific parts (H2O2 in aerial parts and SA in roots), whereas under mixed elicitation, it accumulated in both parts. A high concentration of aucubin in the aerial part was related to a high expression level of genes of the terpene pathway Cte-DXS1 and Cte-G10H, and in the root with Cte-G10H, while Cte-DXS1 was downregulated in this tissue in all treatments. Mixed elicitation with SA and H2O2 represents an interesting tool to increase the production of specialized metabolites in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Rubio-Rodríguez
- Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 62730, Yautepec, MOR, Mexico
| | - Ileana Vera-Reyes
- Departamento de Biociencias y Agrotecnología, CONACyT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, 25294, Saltillo, COAH, Mexico
| | | | - Alma Rosa López-Laredo
- Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 62730, Yautepec, MOR, Mexico
| | - Ana C Ramos-Valdivia
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07360, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Trejo-Tapia
- Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 62730, Yautepec, MOR, Mexico.
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Sun X, Guo Z, Jiang Y, Qin L, Shi Z, Dong L, Xiong L, Yuan R, Deng W, Wu H, Liu Q, Xie F, Chen Y. Differential Metabolomic Responses of Kentucky Bluegrass Cultivars to Low Nitrogen Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:808772. [PMID: 35154204 PMCID: PMC8831703 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.808772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is a cool-season turfgrass species that responds strongly to nitrogen (N), but the metabolomic responses of this grass species to N supply is unknown. The N-tolerant cultivar Bluemoon and N-sensitive cultivar Balin were exposed to normal N (15 mM) and low N (0.5 mM) for 21 days for identification of differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) between normal N and low N treatments. Balin had more reductions of chlorophyll and total soluble protein concentrations and a higher accumulation of superoxide radicals under low N stress. A total of 99 known DEMs were identified in either cultivar or both including 22 amino acids and derivatives, 16 carbohydrates, 29 organic acids, and 32 other metabolites. In Bluemoon, β-alanine metabolism was most enriched, followed by alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. In Balin, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism were most enriched, followed by the tricarboxylic acid (TCA), glyoxylate and decarbohydrate metabolism, and carbon fixation. Bluemoon generally maintained higher TCA cycle capacity and had more downregulated amino acids, while changes in more organic acids occurred in Balin under low N stress. Some metabolite changes by low-N stress were cultivar-specific. The results suggested that regulation of metabolites related to energy production or energy saving could contribute to low N tolerance in Kentucky bluegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhixin Guo
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiwei Jiang
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Ligang Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenjie Shi
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Dong
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Liangbing Xiong
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Runli Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjing Deng
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hanfu Wu
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fuchun Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Fuchun Xie,
| | - Yajun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Yajun Chen,
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