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Yadav V, Fuentes JL, Krishnan A, Singh N, Vohora D. Guidance for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring anti-genotoxicity. Life Sci 2024; 337:122341. [PMID: 38101613 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Since DNA damage can occur spontaneously or be produced by the environmental genotoxins in living cells, it is important to investigate compounds that can reverse or protect DNA damage. An appropriate methodology is essential for the responsive identification of protection offered against DNA damage. This review includes information on the current state of knowledge on prokaryotic cell-based assays (SOS chromotest, umu test, vitotox assay) and cytogenetic techniques (micronucleus assay, chromosome aberration test and sister chromatid exchange assay) with an emphasis on the possibility to explore genoprotective compounds. Throughout the last decade, studies have extrapolated the scientific methodologies utilized for genotoxicity to assess genoprotective compounds. Therefore, shortcomings of genotoxicity studies are also mirrored in antigenotoxicity studies. While regulatory authorities around the world (OECD, US-EPA and ICH) continue to update diverse genotoxic assay strategies, there are still no clear guidelines/approaches for efficient experimental design to screen genoprotective compounds. As a consequence, non-synergetic and inconsistent implementation of the test method by the researchers to execute such simulations has been adopted, which inevitably results in unreliable findings. The review has made the first attempt to collect various facets of experimentally verified approaches for evaluating genoprotective compounds, as well as to acknowledge potential significance and constraints, and further focus on the assessment of end points which are required to validate such action. Henceforth, the review makes an incredible commitment by permitting readers to equate several components of their test arrangement with the provided simplified information, allowing the selection of convenient technique for the predefined compound from a central repository.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Yadav
- Neurobehavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Jorge L Fuentes
- School of Biology, Science Faculty, Industrial University of Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Santander, Colombia
| | - Anuja Krishnan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Neenu Singh
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Divya Vohora
- Neurobehavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Mohammadi A, Mansoori B, Baradaran PC, Khaze V, Aghapour M, Farhadi M, Baradaran B. Urtica dioica Extract Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis and Related Gene Expression of Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Clin Breast Cancer 2017; 17:463-470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hassani R, Kacem Y, Ben Mansour H, Ben Ammar H, Ben Hassine B. New chiral 4-substituted 2-cyanoethyl-oxazolines: synthesis and assessment of some biological activities. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 217:41-8. [PMID: 24727558 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of new enantiomerically pure 2-cyanoethyl-oxazolines in one step starting from a wide range of amino alcohols and 4-ethoxy-4-iminobutanenitrile with high to good yields (73-96%) via an appropriate procedure which can be used for a selective synthesis of mono-oxazolines. A simple operation as well as a practical separation is additional eco-friendly attributes of this method. All the synthesized compounds were identified and characterized with their physicochemical features and their spectral data ((1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and TOFMS ES(+)). Among the prepared mono-oxazolines, the mono-oxazoline (3a) [3-[(4S)-4-benzyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl] propanenitrile] was tested to detect some biological activities. This compound was studied in vitro given the various types of pharmacological properties characterizing these compounds such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and analgesic activities. The antioxidant activity and mechanism of (3a) were identified using various in vitro antioxidant assays including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and superoxide anion radicals (O2(-)) scavenging activity. In addition, compared to Quercetin, the tested synthetic product reveals a relatively-strong antiradical activity towards the DPPH (activity percentage of 81.22%) free radicals and significantly decreased the reactive oxygen species such as (O2(-)) formation evaluated by the non-enzymatic (nitroblue tetrazolium/riboflavine) and the enzymatic (xanthine/xanthine oxidase) systems. Related activity values were, respectively, 66% and 60.30%. The oxazoline (3a) showed a high ability to reduce the O2(-) generation and proved to be a very potent radical scavenger. On the other hand, the analgesic property of the 3[(4S)-benzyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl] propanenitrile (3a) was demonstrated. The subcutaneous administration of (3a) produced a significant reduction in the number of abdominal constrictions amounting to 73.81% in the acetic acid writhing test in mice. In addition to these advances, the oxazoline (3a) has been investigated as an antimicrobial agent. Our results showed that this molecule exhibited various levels of antibacterial effect against all the tested bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rym Hassani
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Asymétrique et Catalyse Homogène (UR11ES56), Faculté des Sciences, Avenue de l'environnement, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Yakdhane Kacem
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Asymétrique et Catalyse Homogène (UR11ES56), Faculté des Sciences, Avenue de l'environnement, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hedi Ben Mansour
- Laboratoire de biotechnologie et Valorisation de Bio Géo Ressources (LBVBGR), Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, ISBST BioTechPole Sidi Thabet Université Manouba, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
| | - Hamed Ben Ammar
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Asymétrique et Catalyse Homogène (UR11ES56), Faculté des Sciences, Avenue de l'environnement, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Béchir Ben Hassine
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Asymétrique et Catalyse Homogène (UR11ES56), Faculté des Sciences, Avenue de l'environnement, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
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Boubaker J, Ghedira Z, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Antigenotoxic and antioxidant activity in human chronic myelogenous leukaemia cell line K562 enhanced by Nitraria retusaleaf extracts. CELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cbi3.10003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihed Boubaker
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine; University of Monastir; Rue Avicenne Monastir 5000 Tunisia
- Unit of Natural Bioactive Substances and Biotechnology; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir; Rue Avicenne Monastir 5000 Tunisia
| | - Zied Ghedira
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine; University of Monastir; Rue Avicenne Monastir 5000 Tunisia
- Unit of Natural Bioactive Substances and Biotechnology; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir; Rue Avicenne Monastir 5000 Tunisia
| | - Kamel Ghedira
- Unit of Natural Bioactive Substances and Biotechnology; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir; Rue Avicenne Monastir 5000 Tunisia
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine; University of Monastir; Rue Avicenne Monastir 5000 Tunisia
- Unit of Natural Bioactive Substances and Biotechnology; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir; Rue Avicenne Monastir 5000 Tunisia
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Boubaker J, Mansour HB, Ghedira K, Ghedira LC. Polar extracts from (Tunisian) Acacia salicina Lindl. Study of the antimicrobial and antigenotoxic activities. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 12:37. [PMID: 22490278 PMCID: PMC3353866 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Methanolic, aqueous and Total Oligomer Flavonoids (TOF)-enriched extracts obtained from the leaves of Acacia salicina 'Lindl.' were investigated for antibacterial, antimutagenic and antioxidant activities. Methods The antimicrobial activity was tested on the Gram positive and Gram negative reference bacterial strains. The Mutagenic and antimutagenic activities against direct acting mutagens, methylmethane sulfonate (MMS) and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (NOPD), and indirect acting mutagens, 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA) and benzo[a]pyrene (B(a)P) were performed with S. typhimurium TA102 and TA98 assay systems. In addition, the enzymatic and nonenzymatic methods were employed to evaluate the anti-oxidative effects of the tested extracts. Results A significant effect against the Gram positive and Gram negative reference bacterial strains was observed with all the extracts. The mutagenic and antimutagenic studies revealed that all the extracts decreased the mutagenicity induced by B(a)P (7.5 μg/plate), 2-AA (5 μg/plate), MMS (1.3 mg/plate) and NOPD (10 μg/plate). Likewise, all the extracts showed an important free radical scavenging activity towards the superoxide anion generated by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase assay system, as well as high Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC), against the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS)+• radical. TOF-enriched extract exhibited the highest protective effect against free radicals, direct acting-mutagen and metabolically activated S9-dependent mutagens. Conclusions The present study indicates that the extracts from A. salicina leaves are a significant source of compounds with the antimutagenic and antioxidant activities, and this may be useful for developing potential chemopreventive substances.
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Boubaker J, Mansour HB, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Antimutagenic and free radical scavenger effects of leaf extracts from Accacia salicina. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2011; 10:37. [PMID: 22132863 PMCID: PMC3267653 DOI: 10.1186/1476-0711-10-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Three extracts were prepared from the leaves of Accacia salicina; ethyl acetate (EA), chloroform (Chl) and petroleum ether (PE) extracts and was designed to examine antimutagenic, antioxidant potenty and oxidative DNA damage protecting activity. Methods Antioxidant activity of A. salicina extracts was determined by the ability of each extract to protect against plasmid DNA strand scission induced by hydroxyl radicals. An assay for the ability of these extracts to prevent mutations induced by various oxidants in Salmonella typhimurium TA102 and TA 104 strains was conducted. In addition, nonenzymatic methods were employed to evaluate anti-oxidative effects of tested extracts. Results These extracts from leaf parts of A. salicina showed no mutagenicity either with or without the metabolic enzyme preparation (S9). The highest protections against methylmethanesulfonate induced mutagenicity were observed with all extracts and especially chloroform extract. This extract exhibited the highest inhibitiory level of the Ames response induced by the indirect mutagen 2- aminoanthracene. All extracts exhibited the highest ability to protect plasmid DNA against hydroxyl radicals induced DNA damages. The ethyl acetate (EA) and chloroform (Chl) extracts showed with high TEAC values radical of 0.95 and 0.81 mM respectively, against the ABTS.+. Conclusion The present study revealed the antimutagenic and antioxidant potenty of plant extract from Accacia salicina leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihed Boubaker
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne,Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
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Leaf extracts from Nitraria retusa promote cell population growth of human cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. Cancer Cell Int 2011; 11:37. [PMID: 22040460 PMCID: PMC3224376 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-11-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this report the phytochemical profile of Nitraria. Retusa (N. Retusa) leaf extracts were identified and their ability to induce apoptosis in human chronic myelogenous erythroleukaemia (K562) was evaluated. METHODS Apoptosis of the human chronic myelogenous erythroleukaemia (K562) was evidenced by investigating DNA fragmentation, PARP cleavage and caspases 3 and 8 inducing activities, in the presence of N. retusa extracts. RESULTS Our study revealed that the tested extracts from N. Retusa contain many useful bioactive compounds. They induced in a time-dependent manner the apoptosis the tested cancerous our cell line. This result was confirmed by ladder DNA fragmentation profile and PARP cleavage, as well as a release in caspase-3 and caspase-8 level. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the tested compounds have a significant antiproliferative effect which may be due to their involvement in the induction of the extrinsic apoptosic pathway.
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Correlation between antibutyrylcholinesterasic and antioxidant activities of three aqueous extracts from Tunisian Rhus pentaphyllum. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2011; 10:32. [PMID: 21880140 PMCID: PMC3224538 DOI: 10.1186/1476-0711-10-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, plants have been used in traditional medicines and there has been recent interest in the chemopreventive properties of compounds derived from plants. In the present study, we investigated the antibutyrylcholinestrasic (anti-BuChE) and antioxidant (against some free radicals) activities of extracts from Rhus pentaphyllum. Aqueous extracts were prepared from powdered R. pentaphyllum roots, leaves and seeds and characterized for the presence of tannins, flavonoids and coumarins. Seeds aqueous extract contained the highest quantities of both flavonoids and tannins (21.12% and 17.45% respectively). In the same way, seeds extracts displayed remarkable inhibition against BuChE over 95%, at 100 μg/ml and with IC50 0.74 μg/ml. In addition, compared to leaves and roots extracts, seeds aqueous extract revealed relatively strong antiradical activity towards the ABTS.+ (IC50 = 0.25 μg/ml) and DPPH (IC50 = 2.71 μg/ml) free radicals and decreased significantly the reactive oxygen species such O2.- (IC50 = 2.9 μg/ml) formation evaluated by the non-enzymatic generating O2.- system (Nitroblue tetrazolium/riboflavine). These data suggest that the anti-BuChE activities mechanism of these extracts occurs through a free radical scavenging capacities. The present study indicates that extracts of Rhus pentaphyllum leaves, seeds and roots are a significant source of compounds, such as tannins, flavonoids and coumarins, with anti-BuChE and antioxidant activities, and thus may be useful for chemoprevention.
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Buyukleyla M, Azirak S, Rencuzogullari E, Kocaman AY, Ila HB, Topaktas M, Darici C. The genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of tannic acid in human lymphocytes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2011; 35:11-9. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2011.564181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ben Sghaier M, Boubaker J, Skandrani I, Bouhlel I, Limem I, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Antimutagenic, antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities of phenolic-enriched extracts from Teucrium ramosissimum: combination with their phytochemical composition. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2011; 31:220-232. [PMID: 21787689 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of the mutagenic and antimutagenic actions of extracts obtained from aerial part of Teucrium ramosissimum was assayed using the Salmonella typhimurium assay system. The effect of the same extracts on genotoxicity and SOS response induced by aflatoxin B(1) as well as nitrofurantoin was investigated in a bacterial assay system, i.e., the SOS chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ37. The different extracts showed no mutagenicity when tested with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100, TA98 and TA1535 either with or without S9 mix. In contrast, our results prove that T. ramosissimum extracts possess antimutagenic effects against sodium azide, aflatoxin B1, benzo[a]pyrene and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine. Moreover, the T. ramosissimum tested extracts exhibited no genotoxicity either with or without the external S9 activation mixtures. However, all the extracts significantly decreased the genotoxicity induced by aflatoxin B(1) and nitrofurantoin. The result obtained by the Ames test confirms those of SOS chromotest. Antioxidant capacity of the tested extracts was evaluated using the enzymatic (xanthine/xanthine oxidase assay) and the non enzymatic (NBT/riboflavine, DPPH and ABTS assays) systems. All extracts exhibited high antioxidant activity except the chloroform and the methanol extracts in DPPH and NBT/riboflavine assays respectively. Our results underline the potential of T. ramosissimum to avoid mutations and also its antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ben Sghaier
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
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Chemical investigation of different crude extracts from Teucrium ramosissimum leaves. Correlation with their antigenotoxic and antioxidant properties. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 49:191-201. [PMID: 20965226 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of extracts obtained from Teucrium ramosissimum leaves on genotoxicity and SOS response induced by aflatoxin B(1) (0.5 μg/assay) as well as nitrofurantoin (5 μg/assay) was investigated in a bacterial assay system, i.e., the SOS chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ37. The T. ramosissimum tested extracts exhibited no genotoxicity either with or without the external S9 activation mixture. However, all the extracts, particularly the total oligomers flavonoids (TOF) extract significantly decreased the genotoxicity induced by aflatoxin B(1) and nitrofurantoin. Antioxidant capacity of the tested extracts was evaluated using the enzymatic (xanthine/xanthine oxidase assay) (X/XOD) and the non-enzymatic (NBT/Riboflavine assay) systems. TOF extract was the most effective one in inhibiting both xanthine oxidase activity and NBT reduction. Our findings emphasize the potential of T. ramosissimum to prevent mutations and also its antioxidant effect.
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Boubaker J, Skandrani I, Bouhlel I, Ben Sghaier M, Neffati A, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Mutagenic, antimutagenic and antioxidant potency of leaf extracts from Nitraria retusa. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:2283-90. [PMID: 20510330 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 05/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Four extracts were prepared from the leaves of Nitraria retusa; methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane extracts. An assay for the ability of these extracts to prevent mutations induced by various oxidants in Salmonella typhimurium TA102 and TA 104 strains was conducted. These extracts from leaf parts of N. retusa showed no mutagenicity either with or without the metabolic enzyme preparation (microsome fraction). The highest protection against methylmethanesulfonate induced mutagenicity was observed with chloroform and methanol extracts with inhibition percentages of 44.93% (at 50 microg/plate in the presence of TA102 strain) and 38% (at 10 microg/plate in the presence of TA104 strain), respectively. Whereas Hexane and chloroform extracts reduced the mutagenicity induced by 2-aminoanthracene by 83.4% (using the S. typhimurium TA104 assay system) and 65.3% (using the S. typhimurium TA 102 assay system), respectively. Antioxidant activity of N. retusa extracts was determined by the ability of each extract to protect plasmid DNA against strand scission induced by hydroxyl radicals. Chloroform extract exhibited the highest ability to protect plasmid DNA against hydroxyl radical induced DNA damages and exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, with 0.95mM trolox equivalent when tested by the ferric reducing/antioxidant method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihed Boubaker
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
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Neergheen VS, Bahorun T, Taylor EW, Jen LS, Aruoma OI. Targeting specific cell signaling transduction pathways by dietary and medicinal phytochemicals in cancer chemoprevention. Toxicology 2009; 278:229-41. [PMID: 19850100 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural phytochemicals derived from dietary sources or medicinal plants have gained significant recognition in the potential management of several human clinical conditions. Much research has also been geared towards the evaluation of plant extracts as effective prophylactic agents since they can act on specific and/or multiple molecular and cellular targets. Plants have been an abundant source of highly effective phytochemicals which offer great potential in the fight against cancer by inhibiting the process of carcinogenesis through the upregulation of cytoprotective genes that encode for carcinogen detoxifying enzymes and antioxidant enzymes. The mechanistic insight into chemoprevention further includes induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis or inhibition of signal transduction pathways mainly the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), protein kinases C (PKC), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) which lead to abnormal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), activator protein-1 (AP-1), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and c-myc expression. Effectiveness of chemopreventive agents reflects their ability to counteract certain upstream signals that leads to genotoxic damage, redox imbalances and other forms of cellular stress. Targeting malfunctioning molecules along the disrupted signal transduction pathway in cancer represent a rational strategy in chemoprevention. NF-κB and AP-1 provide mechanistic links between inflammation and cancer, and moreover regulate tumor angiogenesis and invasiveness, indicating that signaling pathways that mediate their activation provide attractive targets for new chemotherapeutic approaches. Thus cell signaling cascades and their interacting factors have become important targets of chemoprevention and phenolic phytochemicals and plant extracts seem to be promising in this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidushi S Neergheen
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius.
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Dellai A, Mansour HB, Limem I, Bouhlel I, Sghaier MB, Boubaker J, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Screening of antimutagenicity via antioxidant activity in different extracts from the flowers ofPhlomis crinita Cav. ssp mauritanica munbyfrom the center of Tunisia. Drug Chem Toxicol 2009; 32:283-92. [DOI: 10.1080/01480540902882200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Moricandia arvensis extracts protect against DNA damage, mutagenesis in bacteria system and scavenge the superoxide anion. Toxicol In Vitro 2009; 23:166-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Revised: 10/15/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Skandrani I, Ben Sghaier M, Neffati A, Boubaker J, Bouhlel I, Kilani S, Mahmoud A, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Antigenotoxic and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Extracts fromMoricandia arvensis. Drug Chem Toxicol 2008; 30:361-82. [DOI: 10.1080/01480540701522494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Acacia salicina extracts protect against DNA damage and mutagenesis in bacteria and human lymphoblast cell K562 cultures. Nutr Res 2008; 28:190-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2007.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2007] [Revised: 12/02/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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. MAK, . AM, . HM, . HW, . AE. Antitumor Activity of Urtica pilulifera on Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3923/ajb.2007.375.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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