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Wang Y, Neary J, Zhai X, Otieno A, O'Malley G, Moraa H, Kundu C, Omondi V, Begnel ER, Oyiengo L, Wamalwa D, John-Stewart GC, Slyker JA, Wagner AD, Njuguna IN. Pediatric HIV Pre-test Informational Video is Associated with Higher Knowledge Scores Compared to Counselor-Delivered Information. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:3775-3782. [PMID: 35674886 PMCID: PMC9176162 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Video-based pre-test information is used in high resource settings to increase HIV testing coverage but remains untested in resource-limited settings. We conducted formative and evaluative focus group discussions with healthcare workers (HCWs) and caregivers of children in Kenya to develop and refine a pediatric HIV pre-test informational video. We then assessed HIV knowledge among caregivers sequentially enrolled in one of three pre-test information groups: (1) individual HCW-led (N = 50), (2) individual video-based (N = 50), and (3) group video-based (N = 50) sessions. A brief video incorporating information on national pediatric testing, modes of HIV transmission, and dramatized testimonials of caregivers who tested children was produced in three languages. Compared to individual HCW-led sessions (mean: 7.2/9; standard deviation [SD]: 1.3), both the group video-based (mean: 7.7; SD: 0.9) and individual video-based (mean: 7.6; SD: 0.9) sessions had higher mean knowledge scores. Video-based pre-test information could enhance existing pediatric HIV testing services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jillian Neary
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Hans Rosling Center, 3980 15th Ave NE, Box 351620, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Xinyi Zhai
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Gabrielle O'Malley
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- International Training and Education Center for Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hellen Moraa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Christine Kundu
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Emily R Begnel
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Laura Oyiengo
- National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Dalton Wamalwa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Grace C John-Stewart
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Slyker
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anjuli D Wagner
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Irene N Njuguna
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
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Sunthornsup W, Vilaiyuk S, Soponkanaporn S. Effect of educational brochure compared with video on disease-related knowledge in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A randomized controlled trial. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1048949. [PMID: 36568417 PMCID: PMC9780585 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1048949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patient education plays an important role in the management of chronic diseases such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). This study compared the effectiveness of a brochure and a video regarding JIA-related knowledge immediately after the intervention, and at 4 weeks post-intervention. METHODS A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted. Patients with JIA or parents were randomized to receive education from either a brochure (n = 50) or a video (n = 50) at the clinic. Participants answered questionnaires about disease-specific knowledge before the intervention (T0), immediately after the intervention (T1), and at follow-up 4 weeks later (T2). The questionnaire comprised 15 multiple-choice questions. Final scores ranged from 0 to 15, and were scaled from 0% to 100% to calculate the percentage of knowledge scores. Ninety participants completed the questionnaire at T2 (42 in the brochure and 48 in the video group). RESULTS The mean percentage of knowledge scores at T0 was not significantly different between the brochure group and the video group. At T1, the mean percentage of knowledge scores was significantly higher in the video group compared with the brochure group (86.7 ± 12.9% vs. 76.0 ± 21.4%, p = 0.003). Among parents with an educational level below secondary school, the mean percentage of knowledge scores at T1 was significantly higher in the video group compared with the brochure group (83.5 ± 14.4% vs. 69.1 ± 23.2%, p = 0.006). Participants in both groups had significantly higher mean percentage of knowledge scores at T2 compared with T0 (72.7 ± 20.3% vs. 51.1 ± 24.7%, p < 0.001 in the brochure group and 78.3 ± 15.7% vs. 56.1 ± 21.9%, p < 0.001 in the video group). There was no significant difference in the mean percentage of total score change between T2 and T1 between the brochure and video groups (-4.7 ± 13.3% vs. -8.5 ± 11.0%, p = 0.152). CONCLUSION The video was more effective for improving disease-related knowledge immediately post-intervention, particularly in participants with limited education. Although both educational tools had lasting effects on knowledge, the retention rate declined at 4 weeks after both interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR)20200310004, retrospectively registered since 06/03/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waraporn Sunthornsup
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Soamarat Vilaiyuk
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirisucha Soponkanaporn
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Faryar KA, Henderson H, Wilson JW, Hansoti B, May LS, Schechter‐Perkins EM, Waxman MJ, Rothman RE, Haukoos JS, Lyons MS. COVID-19 and beyond: Lessons learned from emergency department HIV screening for population-based screening in healthcare settings. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open 2021; 2:e12468. [PMID: 34189516 PMCID: PMC8219288 DOI: 10.1002/emp2.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergency departments (EDs) have played a major role in the science and practice of HIV population screening. After decades of experience, EDs have demonstrated the capacity to provide testing and linkage to care to large volumes of patients, particularly those who do not otherwise engage the healthcare system. Efforts to expand ED HIV screening in the United States have been accelerated by a collaborative national network of emergency physicians and other stakeholders called EMTIDE (Emergency Medicine Transmissible Infectious Diseases and Epidemics). As the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, EDs nationwide are being tasked with diagnosing and managing COVID-19 in a myriad of capacities, adopting varied approaches based in part on know-how, local disease trends, and the supply chain. The objective of this article is to broadly summarize the lessons learned from decades of ED HIV screening and provide guidance for many analogous issues and challenges in population screening for COVID-19. Over time, and with the accumulated experience from other epidemics, ED screening should develop into an overarching discipline in which the disease in question may vary, but the efficiency of response is increased by prior knowledge and understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran A. Faryar
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Heather Henderson
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineMorsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa General HospitalTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Jason W. Wilson
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineMorsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa General HospitalTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Bhakti Hansoti
- Department of Emergency MedicineThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Larissa S. May
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Elissa M. Schechter‐Perkins
- Department of Emergency MedicineBoston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Michael J. Waxman
- Department of Emergency MedicineAlbany Medical CollegeAlbanyNew YorkUSA
| | - Richard E. Rothman
- Department of Emergency MedicineThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jason S. Haukoos
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Denver Health Medical CenterUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineDenverColoradoUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyColorado School of Public HealthAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Michael S. Lyons
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOhioUSA
- Center for Addiction ResearchUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOhioUSA
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McElhinny M, Chea K, Carter-Powell A, Mishler A, Bhattarai B, Geren K. Adult emergency department naloxone education and prescription program: Video and pamphlet education comparison. J Subst Abuse Treat 2021; 127:108346. [PMID: 34134864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study looked at the fill rate of naloxone prescriptions, after the implementation of an opioid overdose and naloxone education intervention for adult patients in the emergency department (ED). The study compared fill rates between recipients who received this education by video versus written format. METHODS This was a prospective, randomized controlled study of patients seen in the adult ED for opioid-related complaints between August 1, 2017, and December 1, 2018. The study randomized patients to education through video or written pamphlet, and all patients received a prescription for a free naloxone kit redeemable at the discharge pharmacy. The study calculated and compared naloxone prescription fill rates for the respective education methods. RESULTS Of the 770 patients reviewed for recruitment, the study excluded 703. Of the 67 patients enrolled, 59 were contacted at follow-up and eighteen (30.5%) had filled a naloxone prescription. Thirty-three percent (13/39) of patients who received video education and 25% (5/20) who received written pamphlet education filled naloxone prescriptions. The p-value of the chi-square for this data was 0.53. CONCLUSIONS There is a large population affected by opioid overdose both nationally and locally in Arizona. Opioid overdose and naloxone distribution education for ED patients through both video and pamphlet is feasible but requires more research to determine which education method is superior. Legislative changes, improved identification of patients at high risk for opioid overdose, opiate education for medical providers, and naloxone availability from multiple venues are needed to create a holistic approach to improve naloxone access to those who need it most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan McElhinny
- Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Emergency Medicine Residency, United States of America; Valleywise Health Medical Center, 2601 E. Roosevelt St., Phoenix, AZ 85283, United States of America; University of Arizona College of Medicine- Phoenix, 475 N 5th St, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America.
| | | | | | - Aimee Mishler
- Valleywise Health Medical Center, 2601 E. Roosevelt St., Phoenix, AZ 85283, United States of America
| | - Bikash Bhattarai
- Valleywise Health Medical Center, 2601 E. Roosevelt St., Phoenix, AZ 85283, United States of America
| | - Kara Geren
- Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix Emergency Medicine Residency, United States of America; Valleywise Health Medical Center, 2601 E. Roosevelt St., Phoenix, AZ 85283, United States of America; University of Arizona College of Medicine- Phoenix, 475 N 5th St, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
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