1
|
Kontchou JA, Baetz N, Grabner D, Nachev M, Tuerk J, Sures B. Pollutant load and ecotoxicological effects of sediment from stormwater retention basins to receiving surface water on Lumbriculus variegatus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160185. [PMID: 36395831 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The overflow of stormwater retention basins during intense and prolonged precipitation events may result in the direct input of particulate pollutants and remobilization of already sedimented particle-bound pollutants to receiving freshwater bodies. Particle-bound pollutants may cause adverse effects on aquatic biota, particularly sediment dwellers. Therefore, we investigated the sediment pollution load of a stream connected to the outfalls of two stormwater basins to determine the impact of the basins' discharges on the metal and organic pollutant content of the sediment. Also, the possible adverse effects of the pollutant load on benthic dwellers were evaluated in sediment toxicity tests with Lumbriculus variegatus and the effects on its growth, reproduction and the biomarkers catalase, acetylcholinesterase and metallothionein were analyzed. The results showed that the retention basins contained the highest load of pollutants. The pollutant load in the stream did not show a clear pollution pattern from the inlets. However, metal enrichment ratios revealed contamination with Cu, Pb and Zn with Pb and Zn above threshold effect concentrations in all sites. Ecotoxicity results showed that the retention basin samples were the most toxic compared to sediment from the stream. Exposure experiments with the stream sediment did not show considerable effects on reproduction, catalase activity and metallothionein concentration. However, modest inhibitions of growth and activity of acetylcholinesterase were detected. Based on the observed results, it cannot be concluded that overflows of the retention basin are responsible for the pollutant contents downstream of their inlet. Other sources that were not considered in this study, such as diffuse input, historic pollution and point sources further upstream as well as along the stream, are likely the major contributors of pollutant load in the sediment of the studied transects of the stream. Additionally, the observed results in the stormwater basin sediment further highlight their importance in retaining particle-bound pollutants and preventing ecotoxicological effects from receiving surface water bodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julios Armand Kontchou
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Nicolai Baetz
- Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany; Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V. (IUTA, Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Grabner
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Milen Nachev
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Jochen Tuerk
- Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany; Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V. (IUTA, Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Sures
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany; Research Center One Health Ruhr, Research Alliance Ruhr, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Weise K, Kurth T, Politowski I, Winkelmann C, Schäffer A, Kretschmar S, Berendonk TU, Jungmann D. A workflow to investigate the impacts of weathered multi-walled carbon nanotubes to the mud snail Lymnaea stagnalis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:26706-26725. [PMID: 34859348 PMCID: PMC8989799 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although the development and application of nanomaterials is a growing industry, little data is available on the ecotoxicological effects on aquatic organisms. Therefore, we set up a workflow to address the potential uptake of weathered multi-walled carbon nanotubes (wMWCNTs) by a model organism, the pulmonary mud snail Lymnaea stagnalis (L. stagnalis), which plays an important role in the food web. It represents a suitable organism for this approach because as a grazer it potentially ingests large amounts of sedimented wMWCNTs. As food source for L. stagnalis, benthic biofilm was investigated by the use of a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) after exposure with wMWCNTs. In addition, isotopic labeling was applied with 14C-wMWCNTs (0.1 mg/L) to quantify fate, behavior, and enrichment of 14C-wMWCNTs in benthic biofilm and in L. stagnalis. Enrichment in benthic biofilm amounted to 529.0 µg wMWCNTs/g dry weight and in L. stagnalis to 79.6 µg wMWCNTs/g dry weight. A bioconcentration factor (BCF) for L. stagnalis was calculated (3500 L/kg). We demonstrate the accumulation of wMWCNTs (10 mg/L) in the digestive tract of L. stagnalis in an effect study. Moreover, the physiological markers glycogen and triglycerides as indicators for the physiological state, as well as the RNA/DNA ratio as growth indicator, were examined. No significant differences between exposed and control animals were analyzed for glycogen and triglycerides after 24 days of exposure, but a decreasing trend is recognizable for triglycerides. In contrast, the significant reduction in the RNA/DNA ratio of L. stagnalis indicated an inhibition of growth with a following recovery after depuration. The described workflow enables a comprehensive determination of the fate and the behavior of wMWCNTs specifically and in general all kinds of CNTs in the aquatic environment and therefore contributes to a holistic risk assessment of wMWCNTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Weise
- Institute for Hydrobiology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 40, 01217, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Thomas Kurth
- Technology Platform, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Irina Politowski
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Carola Winkelmann
- Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Universitätsstraße 1, 56070, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Andreas Schäffer
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Susanne Kretschmar
- Technology Platform, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulrich Berendonk
- Institute for Hydrobiology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 40, 01217, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dirk Jungmann
- Institute for Hydrobiology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 40, 01217, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pinheiro FG, Moreira-Gomes MD, Machado MN, Almeida TDS, Barboza PDPA, Silva Oliveira LF, Ávila Cavalcante FS, Leal-Cardoso JH, Fortunato RS, Zin WA. Eugenol mitigated acute lung but not spermatic toxicity of C 60 fullerene emulsion in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116188. [PMID: 33302087 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
C60 fullerene (C60) is a nano-pollutant that can damage the respiratory system. Eugenol exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We aimed to investigate the time course of C60 emulsion-induced pulmonary and spermatic harms, as well as the effect of eugenol on C60 emulsion toxicity. The first group of mice (protocol 1) received intratracheally C60 emulsion (1.0 mg/kg BW) or vehicle and were tested at 12, 24, 72 and 96 h (F groups) thereafter. The second group of mice (protocol 2) received intratracheally C60 emulsion or vehicle, 1 h later were gavaged with eugenol (150 mg/kg) or vehicle, and experiments were done 24 h after instillation. Lung mechanics, morphology, redox markers, cytokines and epididymal spermatozoa were analyzed. Protocol 1: Tissue damping (G) and elastance (H) were significantly higher in F24 than in others groups, except for H in F72. Morphological and inflammatory parameters were worst at 24 h and subsequently declined until 96 h, whereas redox and spermatic parameters worsened over the whole period. Eugenol eliminated the increase in G, H, cellularity, and cytokines, attenuated oxidative stress induced by C60 exposure, but had no effect on sperm. Hence, exposure to C60 emulsion deteriorated lung morphofunctional, redox and inflammatory characteristics and increased the risk of infertility. Furthermore, eugenol avoided those changes, but did not prevent sperm damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Gomes Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Maria Diana Moreira-Gomes
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Mariana Nascimento Machado
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tailane Dos Santos Almeida
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - José Henrique Leal-Cardoso
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Soares Fortunato
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Walter Araujo Zin
- Laboratory of Respiration Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Marisa I, Asnicar D, Matozzo V, Martucci A, Finos L, Marin MG. Toxicological effects and bioaccumulation of fullerene C 60 (FC 60) in the marine bivalve Ruditapes philippinarum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111560. [PMID: 33254414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene C60 (FC60), with its unique physical properties, has been used in many applications in recent decades. The increased likelihood of direct release into the environment has raised interest in understanding the biological effects of FC60 to aquatic organisms. Nowadays, only few studies have analysed FC60 effects and bioaccumulation in marine organisms following in vivo exposure. To provide new data about FC60 toxicity, Ruditapes philippinarum was selected as target species to assess potential adverse effects of the contaminant. Clams were exposed for 1, 3 and 7 days to predicted environmental concentrations of FC60 (1 and 10 μg/L) and cellular and biochemical responses were evaluated in clams' gills, digestive gland and haemolymph. The FC60 content in gills and digestive gland was determined in all experimental conditions after 7 days of exposure. Results showed an increase in oxidative stress. In particular, a significant modulation in antioxidant enzyme activities, and changes in glutathione S-transferase activity were observed in gills. Moreover, damage to lipids and proteins was detected in FC60-treated (10 µg/L) clams. In digestive gland, slighter variations in antioxidant enzyme activities and damage to molecules were detected. CAT activity was significantly affected throughout the exposure, whereas damage to lipids was evident only at the end of exposure. FC60 accumulation was revealed in both gills and digestive gland, with values up to twelve-fold higher in the latter. Interestingly, haemolymph parameters were slightly affected by FC60 compared to the other tissues investigated. Indeed, only Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis and Neutral Red uptake assays showed increased values in FC60-exposed clams. Moreover, volume and diameter of haemocytes, haemocyte proliferation, and micronucleus assay highlighted significant variations in treated clams, but only in the first phases of exposure, and no changes were detected after 7 days. Our results suggested clam gills as the target tissue for FC60 toxicity under the exposure conditions tested: the high damage detected to lipids and proteins could contribute to long-term problems for the organism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marisa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Asnicar
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Valerio Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Martucci
- Industrial Engineering Department and INSTM, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Livio Finos
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Marin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu J, Ma G. Biomimic strategies for modulating the interaction between particle adjuvants and antigen-presenting cells. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:2366-2375. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm02098e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The design strategies of particle adjuvants by mimicking natural pathogens to strengthen their interaction with antigen-presenting cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ponte S, Moore EA, Border CT, Babbitt CW, Tyler AC. Fullerene toxicity in the benthos with implications for freshwater ecosystem services. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 687:451-459. [PMID: 31212153 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Production of engineered carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) is rising, with increased risk of release to the environment during production, use, and disposal. This trend highlights a need to understand potential impacts of CNMs on the natural environment. Fullerenes are an emerging class of CNMs that are insoluble in water, and form aggregates that settle quickly, suggesting higher relative vulnerability of aquatic benthic ecosystems. This study assessed eco-toxicity of fullerenes (C60, C70) and the functionalized derivative, phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), on functionally representative benthic organisms in traditional laboratory assays, and evaluated how the potential lethal and sub-lethal effects of fullerenes may indirectly impact benthic ecosystem function, including decomposition, primary productivity and nutrient cycling in lake microcosms with natural sediments. Standard toxicity tests indicated that population growth of Lumbriculus variegatus was reduced at 25 to 150 mg C60 kg-1, but C70 and PCBM did not affect growth or weight of organisms in artificial sediments at 25 mg kg-1. Survivorship and growth were lower in natural sediments with historic contamination, but C60 did not exacerbate this effect. C60 inhibited photosynthesis by the benthic diatom Nitzschia palea, and at high exposure chlorophyll a increased, suggesting a shading response. L. variegatus had strong effects on benthic ecosystem function, especially metabolism and nitrogen cycling, but C60 ≤ 30 mg kg-1 sediment did not influence the role of L. variegatus in driving benthic processes. These observations suggest that at moderate to high concentrations, C60 may directly impact benthic organisms. However, under natural conditions with low to moderate concentrations, C60 has little effect and does not indirectly impact the ecosystem processes maintained by such organisms. These results are a step further towards a better understanding of potential impacts of fullerenes on aquatic ecosystems, and can aid in the development of regulatory policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ponte
- Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A Moore
- Golisano Institute for Sustainability, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Charles T Border
- Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Callie W Babbitt
- Golisano Institute for Sustainability, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Anna Christina Tyler
- Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Waissi GC, Bold S, Pakarinen K, Akkanen J, Leppänen MT, Petersen EJ, Kukkonen JVK. Chironomus riparius exposure to fullerene-contaminated sediment results in oxidative stress and may impact life cycle parameters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 322:301-309. [PMID: 27178647 PMCID: PMC5064804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A key component of understanding the potential environmental risks of fullerenes (C60) is their potential effects on benthic invertebrates. Using the sediment dwelling invertebrate Chironomus riparius we explored the effects of acute (12h and 24h) and chronic (10d, 15d, and 28d) exposures of sediment associated fullerenes. The aims of this study were to assess the impact of exposure to C60 in the sediment top layer ((0.025, 0.18 and 0.48) C60 mg/cm2) on larval growth, oxidative stress and emergence rates and to quantify larval body burdens in similarly exposed organisms. Oxidative stress localization was observed in the tissues next to the microvilli and exoskeleton through a method for identifying oxidative stress reactions generated by reactive oxygen species. Rapid intake of fullerenes was shown in acute experiments, whereas body residues decreased after chronic exposure. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed oxidative damage and structural changes in cells located between the lipid droplets and next to the microvilli layer in fullerene exposed samples. Fullerene associated sediments also caused changes in the emergence rate of males and females, suggesting that the cellular interactions described above or other effects from the fullerenes may influence reproduction rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G C Waissi
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.
| | - S Bold
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre of Ocean for Research Kiel, Germany
| | - K Pakarinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - J Akkanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - M T Leppänen
- Finnish Environment Institute, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - E J Petersen
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - J V K Kukkonen
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Jyväskylä, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Petersen EJ, Flores-Cervantes DX, Bucheli TD, Elliott LCC, Fagan JA, Gogos A, Hanna S, Kägi R, Mansfield E, Montoro Bustos AR, Plata DL, Reipa V, Westerhoff P, Winchester MR. Quantification of Carbon Nanotubes in Environmental Matrices: Current Capabilities, Case Studies, and Future Prospects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:4587-605. [PMID: 27050152 PMCID: PMC4943226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have numerous exciting potential applications and some that have reached commercialization. As such, quantitative measurements of CNTs in key environmental matrices (water, soil, sediment, and biological tissues) are needed to address concerns about their potential environmental and human health risks and to inform application development. However, standard methods for CNT quantification are not yet available. We systematically and critically review each component of the current methods for CNT quantification including CNT extraction approaches, potential biases, limits of detection, and potential for standardization. This review reveals that many of the techniques with the lowest detection limits require uncommon equipment or expertise, and thus, they are not frequently accessible. Additionally, changes to the CNTs (e.g., agglomeration) after environmental release and matrix effects can cause biases for many of the techniques, and biasing factors vary among the techniques. Five case studies are provided to illustrate how to use this information to inform responses to real-world scenarios such as monitoring potential CNT discharge into a river or ecotoxicity testing by a testing laboratory. Overall, substantial progress has been made in improving CNT quantification during the past ten years, but additional work is needed for standardization, development of extraction techniques from complex matrices, and multimethod comparisons of standard samples to reveal the comparability of techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah J. Petersen
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - D. Xanat Flores-Cervantes
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Thomas D. Bucheli
- Agroscope, Institute of Sustainability Sciences ISS, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lindsay C. C. Elliott
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Fagan
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Alexander Gogos
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Agroscope, Institute of Sustainability Sciences ISS, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shannon Hanna
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Ralf Kägi
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Mansfield
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Antonio R. Montoro Bustos
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Desiree L. Plata
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Vytas Reipa
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- School of Sustainable Engineering and The Built Environment, Arizona State University, Box 3005, Tempe, Arizona 85278-3005, United States
| | - Michael R. Winchester
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lankadurai BP, Nagato EG, Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ. Analysis of Eisenia fetida earthworm responses to sub-lethal C60 nanoparticle exposure using (1)H-NMR based metabolomics. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 120:48-58. [PMID: 26024814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The enhanced production and environmental release of Buckminsterfullerene (C60) nanoparticles will likely increase the exposure and risk to soil dwelling organisms. We used (1)H NMR-based metabolomics to investigate the response of Eisenia fetida earthworms to sub-lethal C60 nanoparticle exposure in both contact and soil tests. Principal component analysis of (1)H NMR data showed clear separation between controls and exposed earthworms after just 2 days of exposure, however as exposure time increased the separation decreased in soil but increased in contact tests suggesting potential adaptation during soil exposure. The amino acids leucine, valine, isoleucine and phenylalanine, the nucleoside inosine, and the sugars glucose and maltose emerged as potential bioindicators of exposure to C60 nanoparticles. The significant responses observed in earthworms using NMR-based metabolomics after exposure to very low concentrations of C60 nanoparticles suggests the need for further investigations to better understand and predict their sub-lethal toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Lankadurai
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4
| | - Edward G Nagato
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4
| | - André J Simpson
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4
| | - Myrna J Simpson
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4.
| |
Collapse
|