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Konovalova DA, Kislitsina NI, Zotina TA. Assemblages of Trichoptera larvae on water moss in the middle reaches of the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia). Zootaxa 2023; 5306:331-348. [PMID: 37518519 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5306.3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This study provides first data on species composition of trichopterans inhabiting water moss, Fontinalis antipyretica Hedw., in the middle reaches of the Yenisei River. Analysis of Trichoptera larvae collected from samples of water moss in tail waters of the Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Plant in 2008-2021 revealed nine species of the order, which belonged to four families. Among them, six species belonging to the Limnephilidae family have not been mentioned in previous studies of the Yenisei invertebrates. Images of species are provided. One species, Apatania crymophyla McLachlan, was the most dense in all samples of water moss. The densities of A. crymophyla in samples of water moss in 2021 ranged within 1.2-7.0 thousand individuals / kg f.w. Other representatives of the order occurred in samples of water moss sporadically or consistently but in very low densities, which did not allow reliable quantification of their abundances. Consequently, numerous large clumps of water moss in the fast-flowing waters of the Yenisei favor an abundance of Trichoptera larvae, providing these insects refuge, food, and material for their cases. However, the reasons for the predominance of one species, A. crymophyla, are to be elucidated in further studies. The present study suggests that the contributions of Trichoptera and the total invertebrate community inhabiting water moss to biomass and energy budgets in the Yenisei have been usually underestimated before now. Hence, seasonal trends of species composition and abundance of invertebrates associated with water moss in the Yenisei River, including comparison with the entire zoobenthic community, are to be studied in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria A Konovalova
- Institute of Biophysics; Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Krasnoyarsk; Russia; Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology; Siberian Federal University; Krasnoyarsk; Russia.
| | - Nadezhda I Kislitsina
- Institute of Biophysics; Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Krasnoyarsk; Russia; Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology; Siberian Federal University; Krasnoyarsk; Russia.
| | - Tatiana A Zotina
- Krasnoyarsk Branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography"; Krasnoyarsk; Russia.
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Bolsunovsky A, Trofimova E, Zueva A, Miroshnikova K, Dementyev D. The use of the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis to assess the effects of low-dose gamma irradiation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2023; 264:107203. [PMID: 37186983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Responses of cytogenetic and growth endpoints of the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis were studied using the plants collected from non-contaminated control areas of the Yenisei River and exposed to external γ-radiation for 11-13 days in the laboratory. Elodea canadensis was exposed to 0.5-25 mGy/day γ-radiation dose rates from a 137Cs source. The total number of aberrant cells and total root length were more sensitive elodea endpoints to γ-radiation than total shoot length and mitotic index of elodea. Radiation sensitivity of elodea can be compared with the sensitivity of such a Reference Plant as Wild Grass (1-10 mGy/day) recommended by the ICRP. Thus, the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis can be used as a radiation bioindicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bolsunovsky
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
| | - Elena Trofimova
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Zueva
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Ksenia Miroshnikova
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Dmitry Dementyev
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
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Bolsunovsky A, Dementyev D, Trofimova E. Biomonitoring of radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River using aquatic plants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2020; 211:106100. [PMID: 31739227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Yenisei River is contaminated by artificial radionuclides released by one of the Russian facilities producing weapons-grade plutonium (the Mining-and-Chemical Combine, MCC), which has been in operation for 60 years. The paper presents results of long-term monitoring of radionuclide concentrations in six aquatic plant species collected from the 1400 km Yenisei River stretch downstream of the city of Krasnoyarsk. Before the last MCC reactor was shut down (in 2010), up to 30 artificial radionuclides were detected in the plant biomass, and 2 and 5 years after the reactor shutdown, 11 and 3-5 radionuclides, respectively, were detected. The highest concentrations of radionuclides were recorded in Fontinalis antipyretica. The aquatic plant Elodea canadensis, which commonly occurs in the Yenisei River, was used in the cytogenetic study. High frequencies of chromosomal aberrations (up to 33%) were revealed in cells of Elodea canadensis roots from the Yenisei region affected by the MCC radioactive discharge, at dose rates of 45-72 μGy/d, while in the cells of the plant roots from the reference areas, the frequency of chromosomal aberrations was 5-7%, at dose rates below 2 μGy/d. The higher frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in Elodea canadensis collected from the parts of the River with increased concentrations of artificial radionuclides are associated with the radiation factor. The aquatic plant Elodea canadensis can be recommended as a bio-indicator for radioactively contaminated aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bolsunovsky
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
| | - Dmitry Dementyev
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Elena Trofimova
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
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Bolsunovsky A, Melgunov M. Radioactive particles in the Yenisei River floodplain (Russia): Characterization, leaching and potential effects in the environment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2019; 208-209:105991. [PMID: 31181344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.105991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The operation of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC), the largest producer of weapons-grade plutonium in Russia, has resulted in radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River floodplain. Investigations carried out in Novosibirsk and Krasnoyarsk institutes have shown that the floodplain of the Yenisei downstream of the MCC is contaminated by radioactive particles (RP) of various types and activities. Analytical characterization of the RP showed that most of them were fuel particles, which were carried into the Yenisei after incidents at the MCC reactors. The plutonium and caesium isotope ratios (238Pu/239,240Pu; 137Cs/134Cs) vary substantially between the particles, indicating different source terms and time intervals when the RP were formed. In addition to fuel RP, there were particles that contained activation radionuclides. The experiment on dissolution of RP using the model solution (the simulated stomach fluid) showed different cumulative extractions of radionuclides from the particles: 60Co and 137Cs extractions were the lowest, the extracted fractions of europium and americium isotopes were the largest, and plutonium occupied an intermediate position. High concentrations of radionuclides in RP are sources of exposure of organisms in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems to low radiation doses. The plant bioassays of the effects of γ-radiation from RP showed the effect of low doses of γ-radiation on growth parameters of aquatic plant Elodea canadensis growing in the Yenisei River floodplain. The presence of RP from different sources in the Yenisei River floodplain makes this region a unique site for studying environmental effects of the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bolsunovsky
- Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
| | - Mikhail Melgunov
- Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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Zotina TA, Trofimova EA, Alexandrova YV, Anishchenko OV. Assessment of the Quality of Bottom Sediments in the Middle Reaches of the Yenisei River by Allium test. CONTEMP PROBL ECOL+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995425519030120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tarnawski M, Baran A. Use of Chemical Indicators and Bioassays in Bottom Sediment Ecological Risk Assessment. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 74:395-407. [PMID: 29487958 PMCID: PMC5859060 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-018-0513-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This study is was designed to assess the ecological risk associated with chemical pollution caused by heavy metals and PAHs on the basis of their ecotoxicological properties in sediments collected from the Rzeszów dam reservoir (Poland). The sediment samples were collected from three sampling stations: S1-inlet, backwater station, S2-middle of reservoir, S3 outlet, near the dam. The sediments' toxicity was evaluated using a battery of bioassays (Phytotoxkit, Phytotestkit, Ostracodtoxkit F, and Microtox). The highest content of metals (120.5 mg Zn; 22.65 mg Pb; 8.20 mg Cd ∙ kg-1 dw) and all PAHs (∑9361 μg ∙ kg-1 dw) in sediments was found at station S1. The lowest content of metals (86.72 mg Zn; 18.07 mg Cu; 17.20 mg Pb; 3.62 mg Cu; 28.78 mg Ni; 30.52 mg Cr ∙ kg-1 dw) and PAHs (∑4390 μg ∙ kg-1 dw) was found in the sediment from station S2. The ecological risk assessment of the six metals and eight PAHs revealed a high potential toxicity in sediments from stations S1 (PECq = 0.69) and S3 (PECq = 0.56) and a low potential toxicity in sediments from station S2 (PECq = 0.38). The studies also showed the actual toxicity of sediments for the test organisms. The sediment pore water was least toxic compared to the whole sediment: solid phases > whole sediment > pore water. The most sensitive organism for metals and PAHs in bottom sediments was Lepidium sativum, and in pore water-Sorghum saccharatum. The concentration of metals and PAHs in bottom sediments generally did not affect the toxicity for other organisms. Clay content and organic C content are likely to be important factors, which control heavy metal and PAH concentrations in the sediments. Data analysis by PCA found the same origin of metals as well as PAHs-mainly anthropogenic sources. The obtained information demonstrated the need to integrate ecotoxicological and chemical methods for an appropriate ecological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Tarnawski
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Geotechnics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Baran
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
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Bolsunovsky AY, Dementyev DV, Trofimova EA, Zotina TA. New data on the effect of ionizing radiation on the growth of the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis in the laboratory. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2017; 475:157-160. [PMID: 28861877 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496617040019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Toxicological experiments with radioactive bottom sediments and extrinsic γ-irradiation have demonstrated that the growth of common elodea roots is suppressed by irradiation at doses several times lower than the established threshold dose. The effect of γ-irradiation on the growth of elodea stems has not been observed at any dose used. The data obtained show that elodea could be recommended for use as an indicator of biological effects of radiation in the range of low radiation doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ya Bolsunovsky
- Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
| | - D V Dementyev
- Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - E A Trofimova
- Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - T A Zotina
- Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
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Zotina T, Medvedeva M, Trofimova E, Alexandrova Y, Dementyev D, Bolsunovsky A. Chromosomal abnormalities in roots of aquatic plant Elodea canadensis as a tool for testing genotoxicity of bottom sediments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 122:384-391. [PMID: 26342689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Submersed freshwater macrophytes are considered as relevant indicators for use in bulk bottom sediment contact tests. The purpose of this study was to estimate the validity of endpoints of aquatic plant Elodea canadensis for laboratory genotoxicity testing of natural bottom sediments. The inherent level of chromosome abnormalities (on artificial sediments) in roots of E. canadensis under laboratory conditions was lower than the percentage of abnormal cells in bulk sediments from the Yenisei River. The percentage of abnormal cells in roots of E. canadensis was more sensitive to the presence of genotoxic agents in laboratory contact tests than in the natural population of the plant. The spectra of chromosomal abnormalities that occur in roots of E. canadensis under natural conditions in the Yenisei River and in laboratory contact tests on the bulk bottom sediments from the Yenisei River were similar. Hence, chromosome abnormalities in roots of E. canadensis can be used as a relevant and sensitive genotoxicity endpoint in bottom sediment-contact tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Zotina
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
| | - Marina Medvedeva
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
| | - Elena Trofimova
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
| | - Yuliyana Alexandrova
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
| | - Dmitry Dementyev
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
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