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Nikolić D, Kostić J, Đorđević Aleksić J, Sunjog K, Rašković B, Poleksić V, Pavlović S, Borković-Mitić S, Dimitrijević M, Stanković M, Radotić K. Effects of mining activities and municipal wastewaters on element accumulation and integrated biomarker responses of the European chub (Squalius cephalus). CHEMOSPHERE 2024:143385. [PMID: 39313080 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine concentrations of 29 elements in the gills and liver as well as biomarker response in gills, liver, and blood of European chub from Pek River (exposed to long-term mining activities), and to compare these findings with individuals from Ibar River (influenced by emission of treated municipal wastewater) and Kruščica reservoir (source of drinking water) using inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The metal pollution index (MPI) was also calculated. Supporting analyses for the detection of the municipal wastewater presence at investigated localities included analyses of microbiological indicators (total coliforms and Escherichia coli) of faecal pollution. We have assessed biomarker responses from molecular to organism level using the condition index, comet assay, micronucleus test, oxidative stress parameters, histopathological alterations, and fluorescence spectroscopy parameters. Multibiomarker analysis was summarized by Integrated Biomarker Response v2 (IBRv2). Among these locations, Kruščica exhibited the lowest, whereas the Pek River displayed the highest values for both categories of indicator bacteria. Due to the porphyry copper ores mining, individuals from Pek River had several times higher Cu concentrations in both gills and liver compared to the other localities which was confirmed by biomarker responses and IBRv2 value. On the contrary, fish from Kruščica reservoir were the least affected by elemental pollution which is also confirmed by low MPI and IBRv2 values. Responses of biomarkers correspond to the elemental accumulation in the liver and gills of the Ibar River are positioned between the Pek River and Kruščica reservoir. Of all the biomarkers analyzed in this study, the condition index was the least sensitive. The results of this study showed that fluorescence spectroscopy may be a method for fast screening of structural changes in gills caused by the pollution burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Nikolić
- University of Belgrade - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Inland Water Biology and Protection, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jovana Kostić
- University of Belgrade - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Inland Water Biology and Protection, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Đorđević Aleksić
- University of Belgrade - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Inland Water Biology and Protection, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Karolina Sunjog
- University of Belgrade - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Inland Water Biology and Protection, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Božidar Rašković
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Poleksić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slađan Pavlović
- University of Belgrade - Institute for biological research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department of Physiology, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Borković-Mitić
- University of Belgrade - Institute for biological research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department of Physiology, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Dimitrijević
- University of Belgrade - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Life Sciences, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mira Stanković
- University of Belgrade - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Life Sciences, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ksenija Radotić
- University of Belgrade - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Life Sciences, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
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Silva JGD, Chagas CA, Souza TGDS, Araújo MCD, Araújo LCAD, Santos AMM, Sá RADQCD, Alves RBDO, Rodrigues RHA, Silva HPD, Malafaia G, Bezerra RDS, Oliveira MBMD. Using structural equation modeling to assess the genotoxic and mutagenic effects of heavy metal contamination in the freshwater ecosystems: A study involving Oreochromis niloticus in an urban river. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169529. [PMID: 38160826 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Chemical pollutants represent a leading problem for aquatic ecosystems, as they can induce genetic, biochemical, and physiological changes in the species of these ecosystems, thus compromising their adaptability and survival. The Capibaribe River runs through the state of Pernambuco, located in Northeastern Brazil, and passes through areas of agricultural cultivation, densely populated cities, and industrial centers, primarily textiles. Despite its importance, few ecotoxicological studies have been conducted on its environment, and knowledge about pollution patterns and their effects on its biota is still being determined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water quality and the damage supposed to be caused by pollutants on the DNA specimens of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) obtained from seven strategic points of Capibaribe. Tilapia specimens and water were collected during the rainy and dry seasons from 2015 to 2017. The following characteristics were analyzed: physicochemical (six), metal concentration (seven), local pluviosity, micronuclei, and comet assay. The physicochemical and heavy metal analyses were exploratory, whereas the ecotoxicological analyses were hypothetical. To verify this hypothesis, we compared the groups of fish collected to the results of the micronuclei test and comet assay. We created a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to determine how each metal's micronuclei variables, damage index, pluviosity, and concentration were related. Our results demonstrated that the highest values for markers of genetic damage were detected at points with the highest heavy metal concentrations, especially iron, zinc, manganese, chromium, and cadmium. The SEM demonstrated that metals could explain the findings of the genotoxicity markers. Moreover, other pollutants, such as pesticides, should be considered, mainly where the river passes through rural areas. The results presented here demonstrate that the Capibaribe River has different degrees of contamination and confirm our hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordany Gomes da Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Aparecido Chagas
- Laboratório de Ciências Morfológicas e Moleculares, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE - CAV), Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Marlyete Chagas de Araújo
- Laboratório de Enzimologia, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - André Maurício Melo Santos
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE - CAV), Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Rosner Henrique Alves Rodrigues
- Instituto para Redução de Riscos e Desastres de Pernambuco -IRRD, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE, Núcleo de Geoprocessamento e Sensoriamento Remoto - GEOSERE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Hernande Pereira da Silva
- Instituto para Redução de Riscos e Desastres - IRRD/UFRPE, Núcleo de Geoprocessamento e Sensoriamento Remoto - GEOSERE/UFRPE, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí Campus, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
| | - Ranilson de Souza Bezerra
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Bioquímica, Laboratório de Enzimologia, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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