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Study on the quality formation mechanism of Zao chili with enhanced fermentation by Lactipllantbacillus plantarum 5-1. Food Chem X 2023; 17:100626. [PMID: 36974175 PMCID: PMC10039268 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zao Chili (ZC) is a traditional fermented pepper, which plays an important role in Chinese cooking. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of Lactipllantbacillus plantarum 5-1 on the physicochemical properties, metabolite and microbiota profiling of ZC. The physicochemical factors changed regularly with the fermentation time. In the microbial communities, Lactobacillus, Weissella, Enterobacter, Gibberella, Fusarium, Zygosaccharomyces and Pichia were the dominant genera. 7 kinds of organic acids were detected in the whole fermentation process of ZC, but only 5 kinds changed significantly. Based on the OPLS-DA model with VIP > 1 and ANOVA with P < 0.05, 33 volatile flavor compounds with significant differences were screened out of 89. According to the redundancy analysis (RDA), fungi mainly contributed to soluble solids, while bacteria mainly contributed to pH. Lactobacillus, Weissella, Enterbacter and Zygosaccharomyces may be the potential flavor contributing microorganisms in the fermentation process of ZC by the Spearman correlation coefficient. A total of 11 main metabolic pathways were obtained by KEGG enrichment analysis of 89 volatile flavor compounds and 7 organic acids. Therefore, this study further enhanced our understanding of the flavor quality formation mechanism of Lactipllantbacillus plantarum in ZC, and providing a theoretical basis for improving the flavor quality of ZC.
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Capelezzo AP, Celuppi LCM, Kuhn KZ, Sanaiotto O, Scapinello J, Zanetti M, Zeferino RCF, Müller LG, Fiori MA, Riella HG. Acute toxicity study of antibacterial organophilic bentonite incorporated with geranyl acetate in mice and geranyl acetate liberation in simulated gastric fluid. Toxicon 2023; 224:107027. [PMID: 36690090 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the antibacterial property of the organophilic bentonite (Bent-ODA) and organophilic bentonite incorporated with geranyl acetate ester (Bent-ODA-GA) was evaluated against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Oral acute toxicity of Bent-ODA-GA was evaluated in mice, by a single oral dose of 300 and 2000 mg kg-1. Animals were observed for any toxicity clinical signs or mortality for 15 days according to OECD 423 guidelines. The release assay of GA presents in Bent-ODA in simulated gastric fluid, pH 3.5 and pH 6.5 was also performed. Bent-ODA-GA composite presented antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. typhimurium bacteria with 10.7 ± 0.6 mm and 2.2 ± 0.1 mm inhibition halo, respectively, which make it possible to associate the composite antimicrobial feature due to the ester presence. The composite did not reveal any toxicity signs or mortality in any animal for acute toxicity treatment during the 15 days observation period. The LD50 of Bent-ODA-DA was estimated to be greater than 2000 mg kg-1. It was also observed that geranyl acetate is released from Bent-ODA in concentrations lower than 0.03 mg kg-1 for pH 3.5 and 0.004 mg kg-1 for pH 6.5, which are lower than those that could cause some toxic effects in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Capelezzo
- Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, 88040-970, SC, Brazil.
| | - L C M Celuppi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - K Z Kuhn
- Pharmacy Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - O Sanaiotto
- Pharmacy Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - J Scapinello
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - M Zanetti
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - R C F Zeferino
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - L G Müller
- Environmental Science, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, 89809-000, SC, Brazil
| | - M A Fiori
- DAFIS-PB, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Pato Branco, 85503-390, PR, Brazil
| | - H G Riella
- Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, 88040-970, SC, Brazil
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Continuous Production of DHA and EPA Ethyl Esters via Lipase-Catalyzed Transesterification in an Ultrasonic Packed-Bed Bioreactor. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12040404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethyl esters of omega-3 fatty acids are active pharmaceutical ingredients used for the reduction in triglycerides in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Herein, an ultrasonic packed-bed bioreactor was developed for continuous production of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ethyl esters from DHA+EPA concentrate and ethyl acetate (EA) using an immobilized lipase, Novozym® 435, as a biocatalyst. A three-level–two-factor central composite design combined with a response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to evaluate the packed-bed bioreactor with or without ultrasonication on the conversion of DHA + EPA ethyl ester. The highest conversion of 99% was achieved with ultrasonication at the condition of 1 mL min−1 flow rate and 100 mM DHA + EPA concentration. Our results also showed that the ultrasonic packed-bed bioreactor has a higher external mass transfer coefficient and a lower external substrate concentration on the surface of the immobilized enzyme. The effect of ultrasound was also demonstrated by a kinetic model in the batch reaction that the specificity constant (V′max/K2) in the ultrasonic bath was 8.9 times higher than that of the shaking bath, indicating the ultrasonication increased the affinity between enzymes and substrates and, therefore, increasing reaction rate. An experiment performed under the highest conversion conditions showed that the enzyme in the bioreactor remained stable at least for 5 days and maintained a 98% conversion.
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Zeferino RCF, Piaia VAA, Orso VT, Pinheiro VM, Zanetti M, Colpani GL, Padoin N, Soares C, Fiori MA, Riella HG. Neryl acetate synthesis from nerol esterification with acetic anhydride by heterogeneous catalysis using ion exchange resin. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Vignesh P, Pradeep Kumar A, Shankar Ganesh N, Jayaseelan V, Sudhakar K. A review of conventional and renewable biodiesel production. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Melia azedarach leaf powder stabilizing Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase to catalyze synthesis of geranyl acetate. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zeferino RCF, Piaia VAA, Orso VT, Pinheiro VM, Zanetti M, Colpani GL, Padoin N, Soares C, Fiori MA, Riella HG. Synthesis of geranyl acetate by esterification of geraniol with acetic anhydride through heterogeneous catalysis using ion exchange resin. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Jawale PV, Bhanage BM. Synthesis of propyl benzoate by solvent-free immobilized lipase-catalyzed transesterification: Optimization and kinetic modeling. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 44:369-378. [PMID: 32997184 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze reaction kinetics and mechanism for the synthesis of propyl benzoate in solvent-free conditions. Lipase was immobilized on Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer blend by entrapment method. Among different lipases immobilized on a support, Candida cylindracea (CCL) showed excellent activity. Systematic studies were done to optimize the reaction conditions. The activation energy was found to be 16.2 kcal/mol for immobilized CCL. Kinetic parameters were calculated, which depicted that propyl benzoate synthesized using immobilized CCL followed the ternary complex model in which propanol inhibits lipase activity at higher concentrations. Recyclability of the catalyst was checked up to four catalytic cycles and 40% retention of activity was observed up to the fourth cycle. Finally, the applicability of developed protocol to synthesize various alkyl benzoates was explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka V Jawale
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
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Bayout I, Bouzemi N, Guo N, Mao X, Serra S, Riva S, Secundo F. Natural flavor ester synthesis catalyzed by lipases. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Bayout
- Ecocompatible Asymmetric Catalysis Laboratory (LCAE), Department of Chemistry Badji Mokhtar University-Annaba Annaba Algeria
| | - Nassima Bouzemi
- Ecocompatible Asymmetric Catalysis Laboratory (LCAE), Department of Chemistry Badji Mokhtar University-Annaba Annaba Algeria
| | - Na Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Stefano Serra
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Milano Italy
| | - Sergio Riva
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Milano Italy
| | - Francesco Secundo
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Milano Italy
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