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Pillai ARS, Eapen AS, Zhang W, Roy S. Polysaccharide-Based Edible Biopolymer-Based Coatings for Fruit Preservation: A Review. Foods 2024; 13:1529. [PMID: 38790829 PMCID: PMC11121366 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, a significant rise in fruit consumption has been noticed as they contain numerous nutritional components, which has led to the rise in fruit production globally. However, fruits are highly liable to spoilage in nature and remain vulnerable to losses during the storage and preservation stages. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance the storage life and safeness of fruits for the consumers. To keep up the grade and prolong storage duration, various techniques are employed in the food sector. Among these, biopolymer coatings have gained widespread acceptance due to their improved characteristics and ideal substitution for synthetic polymer coatings. As there is concern regarding the safety of the consumers and sustainability, edible coatings have become a selective substitution for nurturing fruit quality and preventing decay. The application of polysaccharide-based edible coatings offers a versatile solution to prevent the passage of moisture, gases, and pathogens, which are considered major threats to fruit deterioration. Different polysaccharide substances such as chitin, pectin, carrageenan, cellulose, starch, etc., are extensively used for preparing edible coatings for a wide array of fruits. The implementation of coatings provides better preservation of the fruits such as mango, strawberry, pineapple, apple, etc. Furthermore, the inclusion of functional ingredients, including polyphenols, natural antioxidants, antimicrobials, and bio-nanomaterials, into the edible coating solution matrix adds to the nutritional, functional, and sensory attributes of the fruits. The blending of essential oil and active agents in polysaccharide-based coatings prevents the growth of food-borne pathogens and enhances the storage life of the pineapple, also improving the preservation of strawberries and mangoes. This paper aims to provide collective data regarding the utilization of polysaccharide-based edible coatings concerning their characteristics and advancements for fruit preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athira R. S. Pillai
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India; (A.R.S.P.); (A.S.E.)
| | - Ansu Sara Eapen
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India; (A.R.S.P.); (A.S.E.)
| | - Wanli Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Swarup Roy
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India; (A.R.S.P.); (A.S.E.)
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2
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Remolif G, Buonsenso F, Schiavon G, Garello M, Spadaro D. Efficacy of Essential Oil Vapours in Reducing Postharvest Rots and Effect on the Fruit Mycobiome of Nectarines. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:341. [PMID: 38786695 PMCID: PMC11121902 DOI: 10.3390/jof10050341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nectarines can be affected by many diseases, resulting in significant production losses. Natural products, such as essential oils (EOs), are promising alternatives to pesticides to control storage rots. This work aimed to test the efficacy of biofumigation with EOs in the control of nectarine postharvest diseases while also evaluating the effect on the quality parameters (firmness, total soluble solids, and titratable acidity) and on the fruit fungal microbiome. Basil, fennel, lemon, oregano, and thyme EOs were first tested in vitro at 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% concentrations to evaluate their inhibition activity against Monilinia fructicola. Subsequently, an in vivo screening trial was performed by treating nectarines inoculated with M. fructicola, with the five EOs at 2.0% concentration by biofumigation, performed using slow-release diffusers placed inside the storage cabinets. Fennel, lemon, and basil EOs were the most effective after storage and were selected to be tested in efficacy trials using naturally infected nectarines. After 28 days of storage, all treatments showed a significant rot reduction compared to the untreated control. Additionally, no evident phytotoxic effects were observed on the treated fruits. EO vapors did not affect the overall quality of the fruits but showed a positive effect in reducing firmness loss. Metabarcoding analysis showed a significant impact of tissue, treatment, and sampling time on the fruit microbiome composition. Treatments were able to reduce the abundance of Monilinia spp., but basil EO favored a significant increase in Penicillium spp. Moreover, the abundance of other fungal genera was found to be modified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Remolif
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (G.R.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (M.G.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector—AGROINNOVA, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Fabio Buonsenso
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (G.R.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (M.G.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector—AGROINNOVA, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Giada Schiavon
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (G.R.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (M.G.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector—AGROINNOVA, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Marco Garello
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (G.R.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (M.G.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector—AGROINNOVA, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Davide Spadaro
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (G.R.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (M.G.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector—AGROINNOVA, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
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3
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Yun D, Liu J. Preparation, Characterization and Application of Active Food Packaging Films Based on Sodium Alginate and Twelve Varieties of Mandarin Peel Powder. Foods 2024; 13:1174. [PMID: 38672846 PMCID: PMC11048805 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The industrial processing of mandarin fruits yields a large amount of peel waste, resulting in economic losses and environmental pollution. The peels of mandarin fruits are a good source of biomass and active substances that can be used to produce food packaging systems. In this study, active food packaging films were prepared based on sodium alginate and twelve varieties of mandarin peel powder. The structures, properties, and corn oil packaging performance of the films were compared. Results showed that the twelve varieties of mandarin peel powder differed in pectin, lipid, protein, crude fiber, and total phenol contents. The prepared films all exhibited a yellow color, 117.73-152.45 μm thickness, 16.39-23.62% moisture content, 26.03-90.75° water contact angle, 5.38-8.31 × 10-11 g m-1 s-1 Pa-1 water vapor permeability, 5.26-12.91 × 10-20 m2 s-1 Pa-1 oxygen permeability, 4.87-7.90 MPa tensile strength, and 13.37-24.62% elongation at break. Notably, the films containing mandarin peel powder with high pectin and lipid contents showed high moisture/oxygen barrier ability and mechanical properties. The films containing mandarin peel powder with high total phenol content exhibited high antioxidant- and antimicrobial-releasing abilities and good performance in delaying corn oil oxidation. Overall, the results suggested that the films have good application potential in active food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China;
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Ding J, Liu C, Huang P, Li H, Liu Y, Sameen DE, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Qin W. Effects of konjac glucan-nan/low-acyl gellan edible coatings loaded thymol-β-cyclodextrin microcapsules on postharvest blueberry. Food Chem 2024; 430:137080. [PMID: 37549621 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
This study developed an edible antimicrobial coating using a blend of konjac glucomannan (KGM) and low acyl gellan gum (LAG) hydrogel to incorporate thymol nanoparticles (TKL). The optimized TKL formulation (TKL60) comprised 0.22% thymol microcapsules (TMs), 0.075% total polysaccharide content (KGM:LAG = 1:2), and 99.63% distilled water. When applied to blueberries, TKL60 significantly extended their shelf life to 42 d at 2 ± 0.5 °C, tripling that of control fruit. TKL60 reduced decay rate, weight loss, and respiration rate, delayed softening and senescence during cold storage. It preserved the outer epidermis by retaining cuticular waxes, curbing lipid oxidation, and sustaining defense-related enzyme activities. Flavor analysis revealed altered volatile compound concentrations in TKL60-treated berries, including decreased terpenes and benzaldehyde, and increased esters and aldehydes like 2-methylbutanol, 3-methylbutanol, and linalool. Discriminant Analysis highlighted TKL60's efficacy in delaying aroma deterioration by over 21 d. TKL60 exhibits potential as a substitute for synthetic coatings and chemical insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ding
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Sichuan Tourism University, Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Sichuan Tourism University, Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Peng Huang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China; Department of Quality Management and Inspection and Detection, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Hongying Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Dur E Sameen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yaowen Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China.
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China.
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Hu YM, Wang YR, Zhao WB, Ding YY, Wu ZR, Wang GH, Deng P, Zhang SY, An JX, Zhang ZJ, Luo XF, Liu YQ. Efficacy of pterostilbene suppression on Aspergillus flavus growth, aflatoxin B 1 biosynthesis and potential mechanisms. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 404:110318. [PMID: 37454507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus, a widespread saprotrophic filamentous fungus, could colonize agricultural crops with aflatoxin contamination, which endangers food security and the agricultural economy. A safe, effective and environmentally friendly fungicide is urgently needed. Pterostilbene, a natural phytoalexin originated from Pterocarpus indicus Willd., Vaccinium spp. and Vitis vinifera L., has been reported to possess excellent antimicrobial activity. More importantly, it is quite safe and healthy. In our screening tests of plant polyphenols for the inhibition of A. flavus, we found that pterostilbene evidently inhibited mycelial growth of Aspergillus flavus (EC50 = 15.94 μg/mL) and the inhibitory effect was better than that of natamycin (EC50 = 22.01 μg/mL), which is a natural product widely used in food preservation. Therefore, we provided insights into the efficacy of pterostilbene suppression on A. flavus growth, aflatoxin B1 biosynthesis and its potential mechanisms against A. flavus in the present study. Here, pterostilbene at concentrations of 250 and 500 μg/mL could effectively inhibit the infection of A. flavus on peanuts. And the biosynthesis of the secondary metabolite aflatoxin B1 was also inhibited. The antifungal effects of pterostilbene are exerted by inducing a large amount of intracellular reactive oxygen species production to bring the cells into a state of oxidative stress, damaging cellular biomolecules such as DNA, proteins and lipids and destroying the integrity of the cell membrane. Taken together, our study strongly supported the fact that pterostilbene could be considered a safe and effective antifungal agent against A. flavus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Mei Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yi-Rong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wen-Bin Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yan Yan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zheng-Rong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guang-Han Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shao-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Jun-Xia An
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiong-Fei Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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6
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Kiel S, Poverenov E. Rechargeable films for protection of dry foods: A sustainable method for covalent grafting of β-cyclodextrin-thymol complex on PET/viscose platform. Food Chem 2023; 412:135560. [PMID: 36708674 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable materials for the effective protection of dry food products were developed. β-cyclodextrin-thymol inclusion complex was covalently grafted on a solid platform of polyethylene terephthalate-viscose using either traditional cross-linker of epichlorohydrin, or natural cross-linker of citric acid. A correlation between the grafting method and physicochemical properties, loading capacity and release capabilities of the resulted materials was studied. The developed materials demonstrated antimicrobial properties preventing mold propagation in wheat grains. The treated grains showed normal germination abilities verifying that the prepared materials can protect dry food products without using harmful chemicals. The suggested approach can be extended to other applications and active agents. A combination of rechargeable films with natural volatiles can serve as an effective platform for sustainable active materials for food protection and in other fields such as agriculture, cosmetics, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Kiel
- Argo-Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Food Science, Agriculture Research Organization, The Volcani Institute, Rishon Lezion 7505101, Israel
| | - Elena Poverenov
- Argo-Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Food Science, Agriculture Research Organization, The Volcani Institute, Rishon Lezion 7505101, Israel.
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7
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Dos Santos LF, Biduski B, Lopes ST, Bertolin TE, Dos Santos LR. Brazilian native fruit pomace as a source of bioactive compounds on starch-based films: Antimicrobial activities and food simulator release. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124900. [PMID: 37201884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The bioactive compounds extraction from fruit pomace is an ecological alternative for these abundant and low-added-value by-products. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of pomace extracts from Brazilian native fruits (araçá, uvaia, guabiroba and butiá) and the effect on physicochemical, mechanical properties and the migration of antioxidants and phenolic compounds from starch-based films. The film with butiá extract had the lowest mechanical resistance (1.42 MPa) but the highest elongation (63 %). In comparison, uvaia extract had less impact on film mechanical properties (3.70 MPa and 58 %) compared to the other extracts. The extracts and films showed antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, L. inoccua, B. cereus and S. aureu. Approximately 2 cm inhibition halo was noticed for the extracts, while films ranged from 0.33 to 1.46 cm inhibition halo. Films with guabiroba extract had the lowest antimicrobial activity (0.33 to 0.5 cm). The phenolic compounds were released from the film matrix in the first hour at 4 °C with maintenance in the stability. The fatty-food simulator showed a controlled release of antioxidant compounds, which can assist in controlling food oxidation. Brazilian native fruit has shown to be a viable alternative to isolate bioactive compounds and produce film packaging with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lára Franco Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Bioexperimentation, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Biduski
- Food Quality and Sensory Science Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin D15 KN3K, Ireland; Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
| | - Samuel Teixeira Lopes
- Undergraduate Program in Chemical Engineering, University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Telma Elita Bertolin
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Ruschel Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Bioexperimentation, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
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8
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Sallam MF, Ahmed HMS, El-Nekeety AA, Diab KA, Abdel-Aziem SH, Sharaf HA, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Assessment of the Oxidative Damage and Genotoxicity of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Exploring the Protective Role of Holy Basil Oil Nanoemulsions in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1301-1316. [PMID: 35416606 PMCID: PMC9898350 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the oxidative damage, genotoxicity, and DNA damage in the liver of rats treated with titanium nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) with an average size of 28.0 nm and ξ-potential of - 33.97 mV, and to estimate the protective role of holy basil essential oil nanoemulsion (HBEON). Six groups of Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated orally for 3 weeks as follows: the control group, HBEO or HBEON-treated groups (5 mg/kg b.w), TiO2-NPs-treated group (50 mg/kg b.w), and the groups treated with TiO2-NPs plus HBEO or HBEON. Samples of blood and tissues were collected for different analyses. The results revealed that 55 compounds were identified in HBEO, and linalool and methyl chavicol were the major compounds (53.9%, 12.63%, respectively). HBEON were semi-round with the average size and ζ-potential of 120 ± 4.5 nm and - 28 ± 1.3 mV, respectively. TiO2-NP administration increased the serum biochemical indices, oxidative stress markers, serum cytokines, DNA fragmentation, and DNA breakages; decreased the antioxidant enzymes; and induced histological alterations in the liver. Co-administration of TiO2-NPs plus HBEO or HBEON improved all the tested parameters and the liver histology, and HBEON was more effective than HBEO. Therefore, HEBON is a promising candidate able to protect against oxidative damage, disturbances in biochemical markers, gene expression, DNA damage, and histological changes resulting from exposure to TiO2-NPs and may be applicable in the food and pharmaceutical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Sallam
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Helmy M S Ahmed
- Toxicology & Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Aziza A El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawthar A Diab
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Hafiza A Sharaf
- Pathology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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Greff B, Sáhó A, Lakatos E, Varga L. Biocontrol Activity of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Components against Soil-Borne Pathogens. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:706. [PMID: 36840053 PMCID: PMC9958657 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil-borne phytopathogens can have detrimental effects on both cereal and horticultural crops resulting in serious losses worldwide. Due to their high efficiency and easy applicability, synthetic pesticides are still the primary choice in modern plant disease control systems, but stringent regulations and increasing environmental concerns make the search for sustainable alternatives more pressing than ever. In addition to the incorporation of botanicals into agricultural practices, the diversification of cropping systems with aromatic and medicinal plants is also an effective tool to control plant diseases through providing nutrients and shaping soil microbial communities. However, these techniques are not universally accepted and may negatively affect soil fertility if their application is not thoroughly controlled. Because the biocontrol potential of aromatic and medicinal plants has been extensively examined over the past decades, the present study aims to overview the recent literature concerning the biopesticide effect of secondary metabolites derived from aromatic and medicinal plants on important soil-borne plant pathogens including bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. Most of the investigated herbs belong to the family of Lamiaceae (e.g., Origanum spp., Salvia spp., Thymus spp., Mentha spp., etc.) and have been associated with potent antimicrobial activity, primarily due to their chemical constituents. The most frequently tested organisms include fungi, such as Rhizoctonia spp., Fusarium spp., and Phytophthora spp., which may be highly persistent in soil. Despite the intense research efforts dedicated to the development of plant-based pesticides, only a few species of aromatic herbs are utilized for the production of commercial formulations due to inconsistent efficiency, lack of field verification, costs, and prolonged authorization requirements. However, recycling the wastes from aromatic and medicinal plant-utilizing industries may offer an economically feasible way to improve soil health and reduce environmental burdens at the same time. Overall, this review provides comprehensive knowledge on the efficiency of aromatic herb-based plant protection techniques, and it also highlights the importance of exploiting the residues generated by aromatic plant-utilizing sectors as part of agro-industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babett Greff
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyarovar, Szechenyi Istvan University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200 Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary
| | - András Sáhó
- Wittmann Antal Multidisciplinary Doctoral School in Plant, Animal, and Food Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, 2 Var Square, 9200 Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary
- Kisalfoldi Agricultural Ltd., 1 Fo Street, 9072 Nagyszentjanos, Hungary
| | - Erika Lakatos
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyarovar, Szechenyi Istvan University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200 Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary
| | - László Varga
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyarovar, Szechenyi Istvan University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200 Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary
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10
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Maddalena G, Marone Fassolo E, Bianco PA, Toffolatti SL. Disease Forecasting for the Rational Management of Grapevine Mildews in the Chianti Bio-District (Tuscany). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:285. [PMID: 36678997 PMCID: PMC9865324 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Downy and powdery mildews are major grapevine diseases. In organic viticulture, a few fungicides with protectant activities (copper and sulphur in particular) can be used, and their preventative application frequently leads to unneeded spraying. The adoption of an epidemiological disease forecasting model could optimise the timing of treatments and achieve a good level of disease protection. In this study, the effectiveness of the EPI (Etat Potentiel d'Infection) model in predicting infection risk for downy and powdery mildews was evaluated in nine organic vineyards located in Panzano in Chianti (FI), over a 2-year period (2020-2021). The reliability of the EPI model was investigated by comparing the disease intensities, the number of fungicide sprayings, the quantities of the fungicides (kg/ha), and the costs of the treatment achieved, with or without the use of the model, in a vineyard. The results obtained over two seasons indicated that, in most cases, the use of the EPI model accurately signalled the infection risk and allowed for a reduction in the frequency and cost of spraying, particularly for powdery mildew control (-40% sprayings, -20% costs compared to the farmer's schedule), without compromising crop protection. The use of the EPI model can, therefore, contribute to more-sustainable disease management in organic viticulture.
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11
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Moosa A, Zulfiqar F, Siddique KHM. Transcriptional and biochemical profiling of defense enzymes in Citrus sinensis during salicylic acid and cinnamon mediated suppression of green and blue mold. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1048433. [PMID: 36407625 PMCID: PMC9669475 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1048433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Green and blue mold of citrus are threatening diseases that continuously inflict economic post-harvest loss. The suppressive effect of salicylic (SA) and Cinnamomum verum (CV) on green and blue mold of sweet oranges was investigated in this study. Among five tested plant extracts methanolic extract of Cinnamon caused the highest colony growth inhibition of P. digitatum and P. italicum in an in vitro antifungal assay. The methanolic extract of Cinnamon in combination with SA showed the lowest disease incidence and severity of green and blue mold on citrus fruit without affecting the fruit quality. Transcriptional profiling of defense enzymes revealed that the polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and peroxidase (POD) genes were upregulated in fruit treated with CV, SA, and their combination compared to the control. The treatment SA+CV caused the highest upsurge in PPO, POD, and PAL gene expression than the control. Furthermore, the biochemical quantification of PPO, POD and PAL also revealed a similar pattern of activity. The present findings unravel the fact that the escalation in the activity of tested defense enzymes is possibly associated with the reduced incidence of blue and green molds. In conclusion, the study unveils the promising suppressive potential of SA+CV against green and blue mold by regulating the expression of PPO, POD, and PAL genes. Therefore, these treatments can find a role as safer alternatives to chemicals in the management of post-harvest green and blue mold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Moosa
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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12
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Busato I, Bertaiola O, Tundo S, Guarnerio C, Lucchetta M, Sella L, Pressi G, Favaron F. A Phytocomplex Obtained from Salvia officinalis by Cell Culture Technology Effectively Controls the Grapevine Downy Mildew Pathogen Plasmopara viticola. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2675. [PMID: 36297699 PMCID: PMC9606852 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The negative impact of using conventional fungicides in plant disease protection has increased the interest in safer alternatives such as plant secondary metabolites, generally having a better toxicological profile. However, cultivation conditions and plant material strongly affect the quality and quantity of secondary metabolites obtained from field grown plants, limiting the standardization needed for industrial production. Plant cell culture technology can provide highly homogeneous biomasses with specific chemical characteristics. A phytocomplex with high rosmarinic acid content (10.12% w/w) was obtained from a selected cell line of Salvia officinalis and was tested against the grapevine downy mildew pathogen, Plasmopara viticola. Grapevine leaf discs were sprayed with the phytocomplex at 5 g/L and then inoculated with P. viticola sporangia. Sporulation level on each disc was assessed after 7 days with an image processing software. The phytocomplex reduced by 95% the sporulation level compared to the control and was also more effective than rosmarinic acid alone, used at the same concentration found in the phytocomplex. Persistence of the phytocomplex was also assessed: when applied 5 days before inoculation, it reduced by 90% the sporulation level compared to the control. These results highlight the possibility to take advantage of cell culture techniques to produce safer pesticides with high quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Busato
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Tundo
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Sella
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Favaron
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy
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13
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Akin B, Ozmen MM. Antimicrobial cryogel dressings towards effective wound healing. Prog Biomater 2022; 11:331-346. [PMID: 36123436 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-022-00202-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryogels are macroporous hydrogels that have been widely utilized in a variety of biomedical applications including wound dressings. Cryogels reveal superior mechanical and swelling properties as well as large and interconnected porosity. As traditional hydrogel wound dressings generally show undesirable mechanical and swelling characteristics, cryogels, due to their toughness and superfast swelling, offer an outstanding platform to address the growing number of various types of wounds. Moreover, recently, cryogel wound dressings loaded with an antimicrobial agent emerged as a feasible option to reduce infection, and thus improve the wound healing process. However, a comprehensive review of antimicrobial cryogels as a wound dressing is still lacking in the literature. In this review, we summarize the progress of cryogels in the area of wound dressings and provide an overview of the various polymers, namely, natural and synthetic which have been employed in cryogel wound dressing preparation. Furthermore, the most prominent antimicrobial agents incorporated in cryogel wound dressings are provided. Finally, the future directions of cryogel wound dressings for wound healing are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Akin
- Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Esenler, 34210, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Murat Ozmen
- Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Esenler, 34210, Istanbul, Turkey.
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14
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Borotová P, Galovičová L, Vukovic NL, Vukic M, Kunová S, Hanus P, Kowalczewski PŁ, Bakay L, Kačániová M. Role of Litsea cubeba Essential Oil in Agricultural Products Safety: Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Applications. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1504. [PMID: 35684278 PMCID: PMC9182909 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The essential oil from Litsea cubeba (LCEO) has good antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-insect properties, which gives it the potential for use as a natural additive to food resources and food products in order to prevent spoilage and extend shelf life. In this study the biological activity related to food preservation was observed. The main volatile organic compounds were geranial (39.4%), neral (29.5%), and limonene (14.3%). Antioxidant activity was 30.9%, which was equal to 167.94 µg of Trolox per mL of sample. Antimicrobial activity showed the strongest inhibition against Serratia marcescens by disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentrations MIC 50 and MIC 90 were the lowest for Micrococcus luteus with values 1.46 and 3.52 µL/mL, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of the LCEO vapor phase showed strong inhibition of microorganisms on apples, pears, potatoes, and kohlrabies. Over 50% of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and yeasts were inhibited by a concentration of 500 µL/mL. The inhibition of microorganisms was concentration dependent. Anti-insect activity was also strong, with 100% lethality of Pyrrhocoris apterus at a concentration of 25%. These results suggest that LCEO could be potentially used as a food preservative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Borotová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Galovičová
- Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Nenad L. Vukovic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (N.L.V.); (M.V.)
| | - Milena Vukic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (N.L.V.); (M.V.)
| | - Simona Kunová
- Institute of Food Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Paweł Hanus
- Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, Institute of Food and Nutrition Technology, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Ladislav Bakay
- Department of Planting Design and Maintenance, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Miroslava Kačániová
- Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
- Department of Bioenergy, Food Technology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza, 35601 Rzeszow, Poland
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15
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Chowdhury NN, Islam MN, Jafrin R, Rauf A, Khalil AA, Emran TB, Aljohani ASM, Alhumaydhi FA, Lorenzo JM, Shariati MA, Simal-Gandara J. Natural plant products as effective alternatives to synthetic chemicals for postharvest fruit storage management. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10332-10350. [PMID: 35612470 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2079112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Fruits contain enormous source of vitamins that provides energy to the human body. These are also affluent in essential and vital vitamins, minerals, fiber, and health-promoting components, which has led to an increase in fruit consumption in recent years. Though fruit consumption has expanded considerably in recent years, the use of synthetic chemicals to ripen or store fruits has been steadily increasing, resulting in postharvest deterioration. Alternatives to synthetic chemicals should be considered to control this problem. Instead of utilizing synthetic chemicals, this study suggests using natural plant products to control postharvest decay. The aim of this study indicates how natural plant products can be useful and effective to eliminate postharvest diseases rather than using synthetic chemicals. Several electronic databases were investigated as information sources, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Semantic Scholar, MEDLINE, and CNKI Scholar. The current review focused on the postharvest of fruits has become more and more necessary because of these vast demands of fruits. Pathogen-induced diseases are the main component and so the vast portion of fruits get wasted after harvest. Besides, it may occur harmful during harvesting and subsequent handling, storage, and marketing and after consumer purchasing and also causes for numerous endogenous and exogenous diseases via activating ROS, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, etc. However, pathogenicity can be halted by using postharvest originating natural fruits containing bioactive elements that may be responsible for the management of nutritional deficiency, inflammation, cancer, and so on. However, issues arising during the postharvest diseases must be controlled and resolved before releasing the horticultural commodities for commercialization. Therefore, the control of postharvest pathogens still depends on the use of synthetic fungicides; however, due to the problem of the development of the fungicide-resistant strains there is a good demand of public to eradicate the use of pesticides with the arrival of numerous diseases that are expanded in their intensity by the specific chemical product. By using of the organic or natural products for controlling postharvest diseases of fruits has become a mandatory step to take. In addition, antimicrobial packaging may have a greater impact on long-term food security by lowering the risk of pathogenicity and increasing the longevity of fruit shelf life. Taken together, natural chemicals as acetaldehyde, hexanal, eugenol, linalool, jasmonates, glucosinolates, essential oils, and many plant bioactive are reported for combating of the postharvest illnesses and guide to way of storage of fruits in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahidun Nesa Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nazmul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Rifat Jafrin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jose M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Ourense, Spain
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, The First Cossack University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, Ourense, Spain
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16
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Recent Advancements in Enhancing Antimicrobial Activity of Plant-Derived Polyphenols by Biochemical Means. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8050401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plants are a reservoir of phytochemicals, which are known to possess several beneficial health properties. Along with all the secondary metabolites, polyphenols have emerged as potential replacements for synthetic additives due to their lower toxicity and fewer side effects. However, controlling microbial growth using these preservatives requires very high doses of plant-derived compounds, which limits their use to only specific conditions. Their use at high concentrations leads to unavoidable changes in the organoleptic properties of foods. Therefore, the biochemical modification of natural preservatives can be a promising alternative to enhance the antimicrobial efficacy of plant-derived compounds/polyphenols. Amongst these modifications, low concentration of ascorbic acid (AA)–Cu (II), degradation products of ascorbic acid (DPAA), Maillard reaction products (MRPs), laccase–mediator (Lac–Med) and horse radish peroxidase (HRP)–H2O2 systems standout. This review reveals the importance of plant polyphenols, their role as antimicrobial agents, the mechanism of the biochemical methods and the ways these methods may be used in enhancing the antimicrobial potency of the plant polyphenols. Ultimately, this study may act as a base for the development of potent antimicrobial agents that may find their use in food applications.
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17
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Determination by isothermal microcalorimetry of the sensitivity of phytopathogenic fungi of tropical fruits against an ethanolic extract of jackfruit leaf (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.). J Microbiol Methods 2022; 195:106457. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2022.106457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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18
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Aguilar-Veloz LM, Calderón-Santoyo M, Ragazzo-Sánchez JA. Optimization of microwave assisted extraction of Artocarpus Heterophyllus leaf polyphenols with inhibitory action against Alternaria sp. and antioxidant capacity. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:1695-1707. [PMID: 34925944 PMCID: PMC8639880 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00996-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Artocarpus heterophyllus extracts are receiving attention due to their agro-food applications. Then, the simultaneous optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenols from jackfruit leaf with growth inhibitory action against Alternaria sp. was studied. The effects of power and time on total soluble polyphenols and total flavonoids contents, and antifungal activity were investigated using response surface methodology. Temperature behavior was considered also. Models showed good prediction and successfully validation. Treatment at 840 W and 2 min allowed the responses maximization (148.75 mg galic acid equivalent /g dried weight of total soluble polyphenols, 13.28 mg rutin equivalent /g dried weight of total flavonoids, and 39.9% of antifungal activity). Furthermore, high ABTS+ (97%) and DPPH (92%) inhibition was exhibited, as a function of the polyphenol's concentration and composition. Mainly flavonoids with potential antioxidant and antifungal properties were detected. These findings suggest the potentialities of these extracts for Alternaria sp. control during tomato postharvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maryoris Aguilar-Veloz
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Av. Tecnológico #2595, Col. Lagos del Country, C.P. 63175 Tepic, Nayarit México
| | - Montserrat Calderón-Santoyo
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Av. Tecnológico #2595, Col. Lagos del Country, C.P. 63175 Tepic, Nayarit México
| | - Juan Arturo Ragazzo-Sánchez
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Av. Tecnológico #2595, Col. Lagos del Country, C.P. 63175 Tepic, Nayarit México
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19
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Li J, Fu S, Fan G, Li D, Yang S, Peng L, Pan S. Active compound identification by screening 33 essential oil monomers against Botryosphaeria dothidea from postharvest kiwifruit and its potential action mode. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 179:104957. [PMID: 34802536 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The antifungal activity of postharvest kiwifruit against the pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea was evaluated for 33 essential oil monomers. The possible mechanism for the known active compounds were further assessed in this study. The results show all the EO components exhibit inhibitory effects on the pathogen to different degrees except for Farnesol. Carbon chain length and C2-C3 double bonds had a great effect on the antifungal activities of aldehydes. Of all of these, carvacrol had the strongest antifungal activity with EC50 of 12.58 μL/L and EC90 of 22.08 μL/L. Carvacrol also exhibits significant inhibitory effects on the pathogen, both in vivo and in vitro. Carvacrol evidently alters the hyphal morphology of B. dothidea and severely damages cell membrane and inhibits the formation of lipid components on the membrane. As cell membrane permeability increases, intracellular homeostasis including ion and biomacromolecules were destroyed by carvacrol. Furthermore, carvacrol appears to significantly inhibit mitochondrial activity and respiration rates, resulting in cell death of B. dothidea. Our results provide evidence that carvacrol could be a very useful compound for controlling postharvest rot soft in kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. of, China
| | - Su Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. of, China
| | - Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. of, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Microbiology/ Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Shuzhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. of, China.
| | - Litao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. of, China.
| | - Siyi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. of, China
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20
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Iñiguez-Moreno M, Ragazzo-Sánchez JA, Calderón-Santoyo M. An Extensive Review of Natural Polymers Used as Coatings for Postharvest Shelf-Life Extension: Trends and Challenges. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193271. [PMID: 34641086 PMCID: PMC8512484 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Global demand for minimally processed fruits and vegetables is increasing due to the tendency to acquire a healthy lifestyle. Losses of these foods during the chain supply reach as much as 30%; reducing them represents a challenge for the industry and scientific sectors. The use of edible packaging based on biopolymers is an alternative to mitigate the negative impact of conventional films and coatings on environmental and human health. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that natural coatings added with functional compounds reduce the post-harvest losses of fruits and vegetables without altering their sensorial and nutritive properties. Furthermore, the enhancement of their mechanical, structural, and barrier properties can be achieved through mixing two or more biopolymers to form composite coatings and adding plasticizers and/or cross-linking agents. This review shows the latest updates, tendencies, and challenges in the food industry to develop eco-friendly food packaging from diverse natural sources, added with bioactive compounds, and their effect on perishable foods. Moreover, the methods used in the food industry and the new techniques used to coat foods such as electrospinning and electrospraying are also discussed. Finally, the tendency and challenges in the development of edible films and coatings for fresh foods are reviewed.
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21
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El-Nekeety AA, Hassan ME, Hassan RR, Elshafey OI, Hamza ZK, Abdel-Aziem SH, Hassan NS, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Nanoencapsulation of basil essential oil alleviates the oxidative stress, genotoxicity and DNA damage in rats exposed to biosynthesized iron nanoparticles. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07537. [PMID: 34345731 PMCID: PMC8319530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of essential oils in food and pharmaceutical sectors face several challenges due to their sensitivity to oxidation process. Additionally, the biosynthesis of nanometals is growing rapidly; however, the toxicity of these particles against living organisms did not well explore yet. This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds in basil essential oil (BEO) using GC-MS, to encapsulate and characterize BEO and to evaluate its protective role against the oxidative stress and genotoxicity of biosynthesized iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) in rats. Six groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated orally for 4 weeks included the control group, Fe-NPs-treated group (100 mg/kg b.w.); EBEO-treated groups at low (100 mg/kg b.w.) or high (200 mg/kg b.w.) dose and the groups treated with Fe-NPs plus the low or the high dose of EBEO. The GC-MS analysis revealed the identification of 48 compounds and linalool was the major compound. The average sizes and zeta potential of the synthesized Fe-NPs and EBEO were 60 ± 4.76 and 120 ± 3.2 nm and 42.42 mV and -6.4 mV, respectively. Animals treated with Fe-NPs showed significant increase in serum biochemical analysis, oxidative stress markers, cytokines, lipid profile, DNA fragmentation and antioxidant enzymes and their gene expression and severe changes in the histology of liver and kidney tissues. Administration of Fe-NPs plus EBEO alleviated these disturbances and the high dose could normalize most of the tested parameters and improved the histology of liver and kidney. It could be concluded that caution should be taken in using the biosynthesized metal nanoparticles in different application. EBEO is a potent candidate to protect against the hazards of metal nanoparticles and can be applied in food and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziza A. El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa E. Hassan
- Toxicology Dept., Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rasha R. Hassan
- Immunology Dept., Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ola I. Elshafey
- Physical Chemistry Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeinab K. Hamza
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Yousefi M, Khorshidian N, Hosseini H. Potential Application of Essential Oils for Mitigation of Listeria monocytogenes in Meat and Poultry Products. Front Nutr 2020; 7:577287. [PMID: 33330578 PMCID: PMC7732451 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.577287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most important challenges in the food industry is to provide healthy and safe food. Therefore, it is not possible to achieve this without different processes and the use of various additives. In order to improve safety and extend the shelf life of food products, various synthetic preservatives have been widely utilized by the food industry to prevent growth of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. On the other hand, consumers' preference to consume food products with natural additives induced food industries to use natural-based preservatives in their production. It has been observed that herbal extracts and their essential oils could be potentially considered as a replacement for chemical antimicrobials. Antimicrobial properties of plant essential oils are derived from some main bioactive components such as phenolic acids, terpenes, aldehydes, and flavonoids that are present in essential oils. Various mechanisms such as changing the fatty acid profile and structure of cell membranes and increasing the cell permeability as well as affecting membrane proteins and inhibition of functional properties of the cell wall are effective in antimicrobial activity of essential oils. Therefore, our objective is to revise the effect of various essential oils and their bioactive components against Listeria monocytogenes in meat and poultry products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Yousefi
- Food Safety Research Center (Salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Nasim Khorshidian
- Food Safety Research Center (Salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hedayat Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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