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Jaddu S, Sonkar S, Seth D, Dwivedi M, Pradhan RC, Goksen G, Kumar Sarangi P, Režek Jambrak A. Cold plasma: Unveiling its impact on hydration, rheology, nutritional, and anti-nutritional properties in food materials - An overview. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101266. [PMID: 38486618 PMCID: PMC10937106 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-thermal technologies, primarily employed for microbial inactivation and quality preservation in foods, have seen a surge in interest, with non-thermal plasma garnering particular attention. Cold plasma exhibits promising outcomes, including enhanced germination, improved functional and rheological properties, and microorganism destruction. This has sparked increased exploration across various domains, notably in hydration and rheological properties for creating new products. This review underscores the manifold benefits of applying cold plasma to diverse food materials, such as cereal and millet flours, and gums. Notable improvements encompass enhanced functionality, modified color parameters, altered rheological properties, and reduced anti-nutritional factors. The review delves into mechanisms like starch granule fragmentation, elucidating how these processes enhance the physical and structural properties of food materials. While promising for high-quality food development, overcoming challenges in scaling up production and addressing legal issues is essential for the technology's commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Jaddu
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Shivani Sonkar
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Dibyakanta Seth
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Madhuresh Dwivedi
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Rama Chandra Pradhan
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Gulden Goksen
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin 8 Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, 33100, Mersin, Turkey
| | | | - Anet Režek Jambrak
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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2
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Karthik C, Mavelil-Sam R, Thomas S, Thomas V. Cold Plasma Technology Based Eco-Friendly Food Packaging Biomaterials. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:230. [PMID: 38257029 PMCID: PMC10821393 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers have intrinsic drawbacks compared to traditional plastics, such as hydrophilicity, poor thermo-mechanical behaviours, and barrier characteristics. Therefore, biopolymers or their film modifications offer a chance to create packaging materials with specified properties. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) or Low temperature plasma (LTP) has a wide range of applications and has recently been used in the food industry as a potent tool for non-thermal food processing. Though its original purpose was to boost polymer surface energy for better adherence and printability, it has since become an effective technique for surface decontamination of food items and food packaging materials. These revolutionary innovative food processing methods enable the balance between the economic constraints and higher quality while ensuring food stability and minimal processing. For CAP to be considered as a viable alternative food processing technology, it must positively affect food quality. Food products may have their desired functional qualities by adjusting the conditions for cold plasma formation. Cold plasma is a non-thermal method that has little effects on the treated materials and is safe for the environment. In this review, we focus on recent cold plasma advances on various food matrices derived from plants and animals with the aim of highlighting potential applications, ongoing research, and market trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrima Karthik
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Rubie Mavelil-Sam
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
- School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, India;
| | - Sabu Thomas
- School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, India;
- Trivandrum Engineering Science and Technology Research Park (TrEST), Thiruvananthapuram 695016, India
| | - Vinoy Thomas
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
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Bhatt P, Kumar V, Subramaniyan V, Nagarajan K, Sekar M, Chinni SV, Ramachawolran G. Plasma Modification Techniques for Natural Polymer-Based Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2066. [PMID: 37631280 PMCID: PMC10459779 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polymers have attracted significant attention in drug delivery applications due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility. However, their surface properties often limit their use as drug delivery vehicles, as they may exhibit poor wettability, weak adhesion, and inadequate drug loading and release. Plasma treatment is a promising surface modification technique that can overcome these limitations by introducing various functional groups onto the natural polymer surface, thus enhancing its physicochemical and biological properties. This review provides a critical overview of recent advances in the plasma modification of natural polymer-based drug delivery systems, with a focus on controllable plasma treatment techniques. The review covers the fundamental principles of plasma generation, process control, and characterization of plasma-treated natural polymer surfaces. It discusses the various applications of plasma-modified natural polymer-based drug delivery systems, including improved biocompatibility, controlled drug release, and targeted drug delivery. The challenges and emerging trends in the field of plasma modification of natural polymer-based drug delivery systems are also highlighted. The review concludes with a discussion of the potential of controllable plasma treatment as a versatile and effective tool for the surface functionalization of natural polymer-based drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bhatt
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad 201206, Uttar Pradesh, India; (P.B.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Vipin Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kandasamy Nagarajan
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad 201206, Uttar Pradesh, India; (P.B.)
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Suresh V. Chinni
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience, and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602117, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gobinath Ramachawolran
- Department of Foundation, RCSI & UCD Malaysia Campus, No. 4, Jalan Sepoy Lines, Georgetown 10450, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Božović A, Tomašević K, Benbettaieb N, Debeaufort F. Influence of Surface Corona Discharge Process on Functional and Antioxidant Properties of Bio-Active Coating Applied onto PLA Films. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040859. [PMID: 37107233 PMCID: PMC10135253 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PLA (polylactic acid) is one of the three major biopolymers available on the market for food packaging, which is both bio-based and biodegradable. However, its performance as a barrier to gases remains too weak to be used for most types of food, particularly oxygen-sensitive foods. A surface treatment, such as coating, is a potential route for improving the barrier properties and/or providing bioactive properties such as antioxidants. Gelatin-based coating is a biodegradable and food-contact-friendly solution for improving PLA properties. The initial adhesion of gelatin to the film is successful, both over time and during production, however, the coating often delaminates. Corona processing (cold air plasma) is a new tool that requires low energy and no solvents or chemicals. It has been recently applied to the food industry to modify surface properties and has the potential to significantly improve gelatin crosslinking. The effect of this process on the functional properties of the coating, and the integrity of the incorporated active compounds were investigated. Two coatings have been studied, a control fish gelatin-glycerol, and an active one containing gallic acid (GA) as a natural antioxidant. Three powers of the corona process were applied on wet coatings. In the test conditions, there were no improvements in the gelatin crosslinking, but the corona did not cause any structural changes. However, when the corona and gallic acid were combined, the oxygen permeability was significantly reduced, while free radical scavenging, reduction, and chelating properties remained unaffected or slightly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Božović
- Joint Unit Food Processing and Microbiology, Food and Wine Physico-Chemistry Lab, Université de Bourgogne, L’Institut Agro Dijon, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
- MP2, Université Bourgogne Franche Comté, 32 Av. de L’Observatoire, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Katarina Tomašević
- Joint Unit Food Processing and Microbiology, Food and Wine Physico-Chemistry Lab, Université de Bourgogne, L’Institut Agro Dijon, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
- MP2, Université Bourgogne Franche Comté, 32 Av. de L’Observatoire, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Nasreddine Benbettaieb
- Joint Unit Food Processing and Microbiology, Food and Wine Physico-Chemistry Lab, Université de Bourgogne, L’Institut Agro Dijon, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
- Institute of Technology, Université de Bourgogne, 7 Blvd Docteur Petitjean, BP 17867, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Frédéric Debeaufort
- Joint Unit Food Processing and Microbiology, Food and Wine Physico-Chemistry Lab, Université de Bourgogne, L’Institut Agro Dijon, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
- Institute of Technology, Université de Bourgogne, 7 Blvd Docteur Petitjean, BP 17867, 21078 Dijon, France
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Basak S, Annapure US. Rheological performance of film-forming solutions and barrier properties of films fabricated from cold plasma-treated high methoxyl apple pectin and crosslinked by Ca 2+: Impact of plasma treatment voltage. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:938-951. [PMID: 36563809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable and "green" technologies, such as cold plasma are gaining attention in recent times for improving the functional properties of hydrocolloids. Chemical modifications of hydrocolloids require several chemicals and solvents, which are not environment-friendly. The major objective of the study was to understand the impact of plasma treatment (170-230 V|15 min) on the rheology of film-forming solutions (FFS) and the barrier properties of pectin films. The film-forming properties of plasma-treated pectin were investigated in the presence of two plasticizers, namely, glycerol and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400. The effects of cross-linking by CaCl2 on the rheology of FFS and barrier properties of the films were discussed. A voltage-dependent decrease in the apparent viscosity of FFS was observed. The viscoelastic properties of the FFS were enhanced due to cross-linking. Glycerol exhibited a better plasticizing effect than PEG. Cross-linking and increasing voltage synergistically contributed towards lower oxygen and carbon dioxide transmission rates. The moisture sorption rate and capacity of the films increased with the voltage of the treatment. The resistance to extension of the films made from glycerol and PEG decreased with voltage, with no significant change in extensibility. On the other hand, the cross-linking by Ca2+ and plasma treatment enhanced the resistance to extension for the films made from both the plasticizers. While the increasing hydrophilicity and opacity of the films were a major drawback of plasma modification, the increase in UV barrier property of the films was an advantage of the modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Basak
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Uday S Annapure
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India; Institute of Chemical Technology, Marathwada Campus, Jalna 431 213, India.
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Dharini M, Jaspin S, Mahendran R. Cold plasma reactive species: Generation, properties, and interaction with food biomolecules. Food Chem 2022; 405:134746. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Vargas VH, Flôres SH, Mercali GD, Marczak LDF. Effect of OHMIC heating and ultrasound on functional properties of biodegradable gelatin‐based films. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Hermes Vargas
- Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Simone Hickmann Flôres
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Giovana Domeneghini Mercali
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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Effect of Cold Plasma Treatment on the Packaging Properties of Biopolymer-Based Films: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymers, like polysaccharides and proteins, are sustainable and green materials with excellent film-forming potential. Bio-based films have gained a lot of attention and are believed to be an alternative to plastics in next-generation food packaging. Compared to conventional plastics, biopolymers inherently have certain limitations like hydrophilicity, poor thermo-mechanical, and barrier properties. Therefore, the modification of biopolymers or their films provide an opportunity to develop packaging materials with desired characteristics. Among different modification approaches, the application of cold plasma has been a very efficient technology to enhance the functionality and interfacial characteristics of biopolymers. Cold plasma is biocompatible, shows uniformity in treatment, and is suitable for heat-sensitive components. This review provides information on different plasma generating equipment used for the modification of films and critically analyses the impact of cold plasma on packaging properties of films prepared from protein, polysaccharides, and their combinations. Most studies to date have shown that plasma treatment effectively enhances surface characteristics, mechanical, and thermal properties, while its impact on the improvement of barrier properties is limited. Plasma treatment increases surface roughness that enables surface adhesion, ink printability, and reduces the contact angle. Plasma-treated films loaded with antimicrobial compounds demonstrate strong antimicrobial efficacy, mainly due to the increase in their diffusion rate and the non-thermal nature of cold plasma that protects the functionality of bioactive compounds. This review also elaborates on the existing challenges and future needs. Overall, it can be concluded that the application of cold plasma is an effective strategy to modify the inherent limitations of biopolymer-based packaging materials for food packaging applications.
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Gao B, Honda Y, Yamada Y, Tanaka T, Takeda Y, Nambu T, Baba S. Utility of Thermal Cross-Linking in Stabilizing Hydrogels with Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate and/or Epigallocatechin Gallate for Use in Bone Regeneration Therapy. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:40. [PMID: 35012062 PMCID: PMC8747742 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) granules are commonly used materials in dentistry or orthopedic surgery. However, further improvements are required to raise the operability and bone-forming ability of β-TCP granules in a clinical setting. Recently, we developed epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-modified gelatin sponges as a novel biomaterial for bone regeneration. However, there is no study on using the above material for preparing hydrogel incorporating β-TCP granules. Here, we demonstrate that vacuum heating treatment induced thermal cross-linking in gelatin sponges modified with EGCG and incorporating β-TCP granules (vhEc-GS-β) so that the hydrogels prepared from vhEc-GS-β showed high stability, β-TCP granule retention, operability, and cytocompatibility. Additionally, microcomputed tomography morphometry revealed that the hydrogels from vhEc-GS-β had significantly higher bone-forming ability than β-TCP alone. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining demonstrated that the number of osteoclasts increased at three weeks in defects treated with the hydrogels from vhEc-GS-β compared with that around β-TCP alone. The overall results indicate that thermal cross-linking treatment for the preparation of sponges (precursor of hydrogels) can be a promising process to enhance the bone-forming ability. This insight should provide a basis for the development of novel materials with good operativity and bone-forming ability for bone regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiyuan Gao
- Department of Implantology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (B.G.); (Y.Y.); (Y.T.); (S.B.)
| | - Yoshitomo Honda
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Osaka Dental University, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Yoichi Yamada
- Department of Implantology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (B.G.); (Y.Y.); (Y.T.); (S.B.)
| | - Tomonari Tanaka
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takeda
- Department of Implantology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (B.G.); (Y.Y.); (Y.T.); (S.B.)
| | - Takayuki Nambu
- Department of Bacteriology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka 573-1121, Japan;
| | - Shunsuke Baba
- Department of Implantology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (B.G.); (Y.Y.); (Y.T.); (S.B.)
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