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Xiong C, Zhu Y, Luo Q, Phan CW, Huo Y, Li P, Li Q, Jin X, Huang W. Neuroprotective effects of a novel peptide from
Lignosus rhinocerotis
against 6‐hydroxydopamine‐induced apoptosis in
PC12
cells by inhibiting
NF‐κB
activation. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:2152-2165. [PMID: 37181320 PMCID: PMC10171544 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
According to previous studies, oxidative stress is a leading cause of dopaminergic neuron death and may contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In the current study, we used chromatography of gel filtration to identify a novel peptide (Lignosus rhinocerotis peptide [LRP]) from the sclerotium of Lignosus rhinocerotis (Cooke) Ryvarden. Its neuroprotective effect was evaluated using an in vitro PD model constructed by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-stimulated to apoptosis in PC12 cells. The molecular weight of LRP is determined as 1532 Da and the secondary structure is irregular. The simple amino acid sequence of LRP is Thr-Leu-Ala-Pro-Thr-Phe-Leu-Ser-Ser-Leu-Gly-Pro-Cys-Leu-Leu. Notably, LRP has the ability to significantly boost the viability of PC12 cells after exposure to 6-OHDA, as well as enhance the cellular activity of antioxidative enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). LRP also lowers the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), decreases the activation performance of Caspase-3, and reduces 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis via inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation. These data indicate that LRP may have the potential to act as a neuroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xiong
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Qiang Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Chia Wei Phan
- Mushroom Research Centre Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Yujie Huo
- Yunnan Plateau Characteristic Agricultural Industry Research Institute Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming China
| | - Ping Li
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering Chengdu University Chengdu China
| | - Xin Jin
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Wenli Huang
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu China
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Suppressive Effects of Siegesbeckia orientalis Ethanolic Extract on Proliferation and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through Promoting Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Inflammatory Responses. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070826. [PMID: 35890125 PMCID: PMC9351687 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that Siegesbeckia orientalis (SO) has a suppressive effect on the growth and migration of endometrial and cervical cancer cells. The present study examined the effect of SO ethanolic extract (SOE) on the proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and examined the effects of SOE on non-cancerous cells using HaCaT keratinocytes as a model. The SOE effectively inhibited the proliferation of Hepa1-6 (IC50 = 282.4 μg/mL) and HepG2 (IC50 = 344.3 μg/mL) hepatoma cells, whereas it has less cytotoxic effect on HaCaT cells (IC50 = 892.4 μg/mL). The SOE treatment increased the generation of ROS in HCC, but decreased the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase. In contrast, it reduced intracellular ROS formation and upregulated the expression of the related antioxidant enzymes in the H2O2-stimulated HaCaT cells. The SOE intervention also down-regulated the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and the migration-related proteins including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and β-catenin in the HCC, suggesting that SOE could promote HCC apoptosis and inhibit HCC migration. On the contrary, it reduced apoptosis and promoted the migration of the keratinocytes. Additionally, the SOE treatment significantly up-regulated the pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, in Hepa1-6 and HepG2 cells. Conversely, it significantly decreased the expression of these cytokines in the H2O2-induced HaCaT cells. These findings indicated that SOE treatment can delay the progression of HCC by increasing oxidative stress, promoting inflammatory response, inducing cancer cell apoptosis and inhibiting their migration. It also has protective effects from pro-oxidant H2O2 in non-cancerous cells. Therefore, SOE may provide a potential treatment for liver cancer.
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Dorjsembe B, Nho CW, Choi Y, Kim JC. Extract from Black Soybean Cultivar A63 Extract Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-like Skin Inflammation in an Oxazolone-Induced Murine Model. Molecules 2022; 27:2751. [PMID: 35566102 PMCID: PMC9104407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Black soybean has been used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases, cancer, and diabetes and as a nutritional source since ancient times. We found that Korean black soybean cultivar A63 has more cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, (C3G), procyanidin B2 (PB2), and epicatechin (EPC) contents than other cultivars and has beneficial effects on cell viability and anti-oxidation. Given the higher concentration of anthocyanidins and their strong anti-oxidant activity, we predicted that A63 extract could relieve inflammatory disease symptoms, including those of atopic dermatitis (AD). Here, we evaluated the anti-AD activity of A63 extract in an oxazolone (OXA)-induced mouse model. A63 extract treatment significantly reduced epidermal thickness and inflammatory cell infiltration, downregulated the expression of AD gene markers, including Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5, and restored damaged skin barrier tissues. Furthermore, A63 extract influenced the activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and STAT6, extracellular regulatory kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways, which play a crucial role in the development of AD. Altogether, our results suggest that A63 can ameliorate AD-like skin inflammation by inhibiting inflammatory cytokine production and STAT3/6 and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and restoring skin barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banzragch Dorjsembe
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea; (B.D.); (C.W.N.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Chu Won Nho
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea; (B.D.); (C.W.N.)
| | - Yongsoo Choi
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Kim
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea
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Ginsenosides Conversion and Anti-Oxidant Activities in Puffed Cultured Roots of Mountain Ginseng. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9122271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CRMG (Cultured Roots of Mountain Ginseng) have the advantages in scale-up production, safety, and pharmacological efficacies. Though several methods are available for the conversion of major to minor ginsenosides, which has more pharmacological activities, a single step process with high temperature and pressure as a puffing method took place in this study to gain and produce more pharmacologically active compounds. Puffed CRMG exhibited an acceleration of major ginsenosides to minor ginsenosides conversions, and released more phenolic and flavonoid compounds. HPLC analysis was used to detect a steep decrease in the contents of major ginsenosides (Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc and Rd) with increasing pressure; on the contrary, the minor ginsenosides (20 (S, R)-Rg3, Rg5, Rk1, Rh1, Rh2, Rg6, F4 and Rk3) contents increased. Minor ginsenosides, such as Rg6, F4 and Rk3, were firstly reported to be produced from puffed CRMG. After the puffing process, phenolics, flavonoids, and minor ginsenoside contents were increased, and also, the antioxidant properties, such as DPPH inhibition and reducing the power of puffed CRMG, were significantly enhanced. Puffed CRMG at 490.3 kPa and 588.4 kPa had a low toxicity on HaCaT (immortalized human epidermal keratinocyte) cells at 200 μg/mL, and could significantly reduce ROS by an average of 60%, compared to the group treated with H2O2. Therefore, single step puffing of CRMG has the potential to be utilized for functional food and cosmeceuticals.
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Song S, Lee YM, Lee YY, Yeum KJ. Oat ( Avena sativa) Extract against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis in Human Keratinocytes. Molecules 2021; 26:5564. [PMID: 34577035 PMCID: PMC8464938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oat (Avena sativa) is well known for its various health benefits. The protective effect of oat extract against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes HaCaT was determined. First, extracts of two varieties of oat, Daeyang and Choyang, were analyzed for fat-soluble antioxidants such as α-tocotrienol, γ-oryzanols, lutein and zeaxanthin using an UPLC system and for antioxidant activity using a DPPH assay. Specifically, an 80% ethanol extract of Daeyang oat (Avena sativa cv. Daeyang), which had high amounts of antioxidants and potent radical scavenging activity, was further evaluated for protective effect against oxidative stress-induced cell death, intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, the phosphorylation of DNA damage mediating genes such as H2AX, checkpoint kinase 1 and 2, and p53 and the activation of apoptotic genes such as cleaved caspase-3 and 7 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in HaCaT cells. The Daeyang and Choyang oat 80% ethanol extracts had 26.9 and 24.1 mg/100 g γ-oryzanols, 7.69 and 8.38 mg/100 g α-tocotrienol, 1.25 and 0.34 mg/100 g of lutein and 1.20 and 0.17 mg/100 g of zeaxanthin, respectively. The oat 80% ethanol extract treatment (Avena sativa cv. Daeyang) had a protective effect on oxidative stress-induced cell death in HaCaT cells. In addition, the oat 80% ethanol extracts led to a significant decrease in the intracellular ROS level at a concentration of 50-200 μg/mL, the attenuation of DNA damage mediating genes and the inhibition of apoptotic caspase activities in a dose dependent manner (50-200 μg/mL). Thus, the current study indicates that an oat (Avena sativa cv. Daeyang) extract rich in antioxidants, such as polyphenols, avenanthramides, γ-oryzanols, tocotrienols and carotenoids, has a protective role against oxidative stress-induced keratinocyte injuries and that oat may a useful source for oxidative stress-associated skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooji Song
- Department of Integrated Biosicences, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.-M.L.)
| | - Yoon-Mi Lee
- Department of Integrated Biosicences, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.-M.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Korea
| | - Yu Young Lee
- Department of Central Area, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16429, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Jin Yeum
- Department of Integrated Biosicences, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.-M.L.)
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Antioxidant Activities and Protective Effects of Dendropachol, a New Bisbibenzyl Compound from Dendrobium pachyglossum, on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in HaCaT Keratinocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020252. [PMID: 33562174 PMCID: PMC7915690 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Five compounds including a new bisbibenzyl named dendropachol (1) and four known compounds (2–5) comprising 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (2), gigantol (3), moscatilin (4) and 4,5,4′-trihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxybibenzyl (5) were isolated from a methanolic extract of Dendrobium pachyglossum (Orchidaceae). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. Dendropachol (1) was investigated for its protective effects on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes. Compound 1 showed strong free radical scavenging compared to the positive control. For the cytoprotective effect, compound 1 increased the activities of GPx and CAT and the level of GSH but reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and accumulation. In addition, compound 1 significantly diminished the expression of p53, Bax, and cytochrome C proteins, decreased the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9, and increased Bcl-2 protein. The results suggested that compound 1 exhibited antioxidant activities and protective effects in keratinocytes against oxidative stress induced by H2O2.
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De la Cruz-Concepción B, Espinoza-Rojo M, Álvarez-Fitz P, Illades-Aguiar B, Acevedo-Quiroz M, Zacapala-Gómez AE, Navarro-Tito N, Jiménez-Wences H, Torres-Rojas FI, Mendoza-Catalán MA. Cytotoxicity of Ficus Crocata Extract on Cervical Cancer Cells and Protective Effect against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in HaCaT Non-Tumor Cells. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10010183. [PMID: 33478134 PMCID: PMC7835743 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes several chronic diseases including cancer. Some chemotherapeutic agents are not selective against tumor cells, causing oxidative stress in non-tumor cells. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of acetone extract of Ficus crocata
(Miq.) Mart. ex Miq. (F. crocata) leaves (Ace-EFc) on cervical cancer cells, as well as its protective effect on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced lipoperoxidation and cytotoxicity in non-tumor HaCaT cells. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH and ABTS radicals. Cell viability and lipoperoxidation were determined with MTT and 1-methyl-2-phenylindole assays, respectively. A model of H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative damage in HaCaT cells was established. HaCaT cells were exposed to the extract before or after exposure to H2O2, and oxidative damage and cell viability were evaluated. Ace-EFc inhibited the DPPH and ABTS radicals and showed a cytotoxic effect on SiHa and HeLa cells. Furthermore, the extract treatment had a protective effect on hydrogen peroxide-induced lipoperoxidation and cytotoxicity, avoiding the increase in MalonDiAldehyde (MDA) levels and the decrease in cell viability (p < 0.001). These results suggest that the metabolites of F. crocata leaves possess antioxidant and cytoprotective activity against oxidative damage. Thus, they could be useful for protecting cells from conditions that cause oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda De la Cruz-Concepción
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (B.D.l.C.-C.); (B.I.-A.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.)
| | - Mónica Espinoza-Rojo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Patricia Álvarez-Fitz
- Laboratorio de Toxicología, CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (B.D.l.C.-C.); (B.I.-A.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.)
| | - Macdiel Acevedo-Quiroz
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico/IT de Zacatepec, Calzada Tecnológico 27, Centro, Zacatepec 62780, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Ana E. Zacapala-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (B.D.l.C.-C.); (B.I.-A.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.)
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Hilda Jiménez-Wences
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Francisco I. Torres-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (B.D.l.C.-C.); (B.I.-A.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.)
| | - Miguel A. Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico; (B.D.l.C.-C.); (B.I.-A.); (A.E.Z.-G.); (F.I.T.-R.)
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-747-4710901
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Hartiadi LY, sahamastuti AAT, Chandra CV, Febriani E, Adiyanto SA, Daeli GBC, Clarissa GC. Protective Effect of Merbau (Intsia bijuga) Extract on Hydrogen Peroxide-Treated HaCaT Human Keratinocytes and Its Formulation as Antioxidant Cream. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2020.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The excessive generation of ROS in the skin results in oxidative stress that can contribute to premature skin aging, inflammation, and skin carcinogenesis. To prevent these detrimental effects, the development of herbal medicine with a potent antioxidant activity into cosmetic products is required. This study aims to formulate cream that contains a safe and effective concentration of merbau (Intsia bijuga), which has been shown to have a strong antioxidant activity. Methods: Powdered merbau wood was macerated with methanol and the dried extract was evaluated for its cytotoxic effect and antioxidant activity on human keratinocytes cell line using MTS assay. Five cream formulations containing the extract were made and subjected to stability and physical evaluations, including organoleptic, types of cream, pH, viscosity, and homogeneity. Results: Cytotoxicity assay revealed that merbau extracts had an IC50 of 181.3 μg/mL (95% confidence interval (CI): 165.4 - 200.1 µg/mL). At a concentration of 31.25 μg/mL, the extract exhibited a protective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress, comparable to vitamin E. Five cream formulas that were developed demonstrated good physical properties that fulfilled the evaluation parameters, including o/w type of cream, homogenous, and stable based on centrifugation and freeze-thaw cycle tests. The pH values were between 5.65 ± 0.067 - 7.4 ± 0.050, while the viscosity values were between 131 ± 1.249 - 56,011 ± 2,729.27 mPa.s. All cream formulas exhibited shear-thinning properties upon increasing shear stress. Conclusion: Overall, this study has successfully formulated several cream formulations containing merbau extract at a concentration that shows antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonny Yulita Hartiadi
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, DKI Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | | | - Cynthia Valentina Chandra
- Biomedicine Study Program, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, DKI Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Erlina Febriani
- Biomedicine Study Program, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, DKI Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Shakila Angyaja Adiyanto
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, DKI Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Giovanni Batista Christian Daeli
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, DKI Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Gabriella Cindy Clarissa
- Biomedicine Study Program, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, DKI Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
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Rao Y, Xu N, Li S, Hu J, Jiao R, Hu P, Lin H, Lu C, Lin X, Dai Z, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Wang Y. PE-1, Encoding Heme Oxygenase 1, Impacts Heading Date and Chloroplast Development in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7249-7257. [PMID: 31244201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The duration of the rice growth phase has always been an important target trait. The identification of mutations in rice that alter these processes and result in a shorter growth phase could have potential benefits for crop production. In this study, we isolated an early aging rice mutant, pe-1, with light green leaves, using γ-mutated indica rice cultivar and subsequent screening methods, which is known as the phytochrome synthesis factor Se5 that controls rice flowering. The pe-1 plant is accompanied by a decreased chlorophyll content, an enhanced photosynthesis, and a decreased pollen fertility. PE-1, a close homologue of HY1, is localized in the chloroplast. Expression pattern analysis indicated that PE-1 was mainly expressed in roots, stems, leaves, leaf sheaths, and young panicles. The knockout of PE-1 using the CRISPR/Cas9 system decreased the chlorophyll content and downregulated the expression of PE-1-related genes. Furthermore, the chloroplasts of pe-1 were filled with many large-sized starch grains, and the number of osmiophilic granules (a chloroplast lipid reservoir) was significantly decreased. Altogether, our findings suggest that PE-1 functions as a master regulator to mediate in chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Rao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Sanfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Hu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Jiao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Han Lin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Caolin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Lin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yilan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
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