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Sun Z, Mei T, Tan X, Feng T, Li R, Duan S, Zhao H, Ye Y, Liu B, Zhou A, Ai H, Huang X. The ldp1 Mutation Affects the Expression of Auxin-Related Genes and Enhances SAM Size in Rice. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:759. [PMID: 38592751 PMCID: PMC10975181 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Panicle type is one of the important factors affecting rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield, and the identification of regulatory genes in panicle development can provide significant insights into the molecular network involved. This study identified a large and dense panicle 1 (ldp1) mutant produced from the Wuyunjing 7 (WYJ7) genotype, which displayed significant relative increases in panicle length, number of primary and secondary branches, number of grains per panicle, grain width, and grain yield per plant. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that the shoot apical meristem (SAM) of ldp1 was relatively larger at the bract stage (BM), with a significantly increased number of primary (PBM) and secondary branch (SBM) meristematic centers, indicating that the ldp1 mutation affects early stages in SAM development Comparative RNA-Seq analysis of meristem tissues from WYJ7 and ldp1 at the BM, PBM, and SBM developmental stages indicated that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were highest (1407) during the BM stage. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that genes in one module (turquoise) are associated with the ldp1 phenotype and highly expressed during the BM stage, suggesting their roles in the identity transition and branch differentiation stages of rice inflorescences. Hub genes involved in auxin synthesis and transport pathways, such as OsAUX1, OsAUX4, and OsSAUR25, were identified. Moreover, GO and KEGG analysis of the DEGs in the turquoise module and the 1407 DEGs in the BM stage revealed that a majority of genes involved in tryptophan metabolism and auxin signaling pathway were differentially expressed between WYJ and ldp1. The genetic analysis indicated that the ldp1 phenotype is controlled by a recessive monogene (LDP1), which was mapped to a region between 16.9 and 18.1 Mb on chromosome seven. This study suggests that the ldp1 mutation may affect the expression of key genes in auxin synthesis and signal transduction, enhance the size of SAM, and thus affect panicle development. This study provides insights into the molecular regulatory network underlying rice panicle morphogenesis and lays an important foundation for further understanding the function and molecular mechanism of LDP1 during panicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanglun Sun
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China; (Z.S.); (T.M.); (X.T.); (T.F.); (R.L.); (S.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Tianrun Mei
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China; (Z.S.); (T.M.); (X.T.); (T.F.); (R.L.); (S.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xuan Tan
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China; (Z.S.); (T.M.); (X.T.); (T.F.); (R.L.); (S.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Tingting Feng
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China; (Z.S.); (T.M.); (X.T.); (T.F.); (R.L.); (S.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Ruining Li
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China; (Z.S.); (T.M.); (X.T.); (T.F.); (R.L.); (S.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Sumei Duan
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China; (Z.S.); (T.M.); (X.T.); (T.F.); (R.L.); (S.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Heming Zhao
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China; (Z.S.); (T.M.); (X.T.); (T.F.); (R.L.); (S.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yafeng Ye
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; (Y.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Binmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; (Y.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Aifeng Zhou
- Anhui Xin Fu Xiang Tian Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd., Maanshan 238200, China;
| | - Hao Ai
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China; (Z.S.); (T.M.); (X.T.); (T.F.); (R.L.); (S.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xianzhong Huang
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China; (Z.S.); (T.M.); (X.T.); (T.F.); (R.L.); (S.D.); (H.Z.)
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Thakro V, Varshney N, Malik N, Daware A, Srivastava R, Mohanty JK, Basu U, Narnoliya L, Jha UC, Tripathi S, Tyagi AK, Parida SK. Functional allele of a MATE gene selected during domestication modulates seed color in chickpea. Plant J 2024; 117:53-71. [PMID: 37738381 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Seed color is one of the key target traits of domestication and artificial selection in chickpeas due to its implications on consumer preference and market value. The complex seed color trait has been well dissected in several crop species; however, the genetic mechanism underlying seed color variation in chickpea remains poorly understood. Here, we employed an integrated genomics strategy involving QTL mapping, high-density mapping, map-based cloning, association analysis, and molecular haplotyping in an inter-specific RIL mapping population, association panel, wild accessions, and introgression lines (ILs) of Cicer gene pool. This delineated a MATE gene, CaMATE23, encoding a Transparent Testa (TT) and its natural allele (8-bp insertion) and haplotype underlying a major QTL governing seed color on chickpea chromosome 4. Signatures of selective sweep and a strong purifying selection reflected that CaMATE23, especially its 8-bp insertion natural allelic variant, underwent selection during chickpea domestication. Functional investigations revealed that the 8-bp insertion containing the third cis-regulatory RY-motif element in the CaMATE23 promoter is critical for enhanced binding of CaFUSCA3 transcription factor, a key regulator of seed development and flavonoid biosynthesis, thereby affecting CaMATE23 expression and proanthocyanidin (PA) accumulation in the seed coat to impart varied seed color in chickpea. Consequently, overexpression of CaMATE23 in Arabidopsis tt12 mutant partially restored the seed color phenotype to brown pigmentation, ascertaining its functional role in PA accumulation in the seed coat. These findings shed new light on the seed color regulation and evolutionary history, and highlight the transcriptional regulation of CaMATE23 by CaFUSCA3 in modulating seed color in chickpea. The functionally relevant InDel variation, natural allele, and haplotype from CaMATE23 are vital for translational genomic research, including marker-assisted breeding, for developing chickpea cultivars with desirable seed color that appeal to consumers and meet global market demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virevol Thakro
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Nidhi Varshney
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Naveen Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, India
| | - Anurag Daware
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rishi Srivastava
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jitendra K Mohanty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Udita Basu
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Laxmi Narnoliya
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Uday Chand Jha
- Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Shailesh Tripathi
- Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Akhilesh K Tyagi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Swarup K Parida
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Malik N, Basu U, Srivastava R, Daware A, Ranjan R, Sharma A, Thakro V, Mohanty JK, Jha UC, Tripathi S, Tyagi AK, Parida SK. Natural alleles of Mediator subunit genes modulate plant height in chickpea. Plant J 2023; 116:1271-1292. [PMID: 37671896 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARYPlant height (PH) is an important plant architectural trait targeted during Green Revolution to enhance crop yields. Identification of genes and natural alleles governing plant height without compromising agronomic performance can fill the lacuna of knowledge connecting ideal plant architecture with maximum achievable yield in chickpea. Through coherent strategy involving genome‐wide association study, QTL/fine mapping, map‐based cloning, molecular haplotyping, and downstream functional genomics, the current study identified two Mediator subunit genes namely, CaMED23 and CaMED5b and their derived natural alleles/haplotypes underlying the major QTLs and trans‐acting eQTLs regulating plant height in chickpea. Differential accumulation of haplotype‐specific transcripts of these two Mediator genes in corresponding haplotype‐introgressed near‐isogenic lines (NILs) correlates negatively with the plant height trait. Quantitative as well as qualitative estimation based on histology, scanning electron microscopy, and histochemical assay unraveled the reduced lengths and cell sizes of internodes along with compromised lignin levels in dwarf/semi‐dwarf chickpea NILs introgressed with superior CaMED23 and CaMED5b gene haplotypes. This observation, supported by global transcriptome profiling‐based diminished expression of various phenylpropanoid pathway genes upstream of lignin biosynthesis in dwarf/semi‐dwarf NILs, essentially links plant height with lignin accumulation. The identified molecular signatures in the Mediator subunit genes can be efficiently utilized to develop desirable dwarf/semi‐dwarf‐type chickpea cultivars without affecting their yield per plant via modulating lignin/phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Malik
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, India
| | - Udita Basu
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rishi Srivastava
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Anurag Daware
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rajeev Ranjan
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Akash Sharma
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Virevol Thakro
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jitendra K Mohanty
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Uday Chand Jha
- Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
| | | | - Akhilesh K Tyagi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Swarup K Parida
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Xie Z, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Lu Y, Dong C, Li D, Liu X, Xia C, Kong X. A Glu209Lys substitution in DRG1/TaACT7, which disturbs F-actin organization, reduces plant height and grain length in bread wheat. New Phytol 2023; 240:1913-1929. [PMID: 37668262 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant height and grain size are two important agronomic traits that are closely related to crop yield. Numerous dwarf and grain-shape mutants have been studied to identify genes that can be used to increase crop yield and improve breeding programs. In this study, we characterized a dominant mutant, dwarf and round grain 1 (drg1-D), in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). drg1-D plants exhibit multiple phenotypic changes, including dwarfism, round grains, and insensitivity to brassinosteroids (BR). Cell structure observation in drg1-D mutant plants showed that the reduced organ size is due to irregular cell shape. Using map-based cloning and verification in transgenic plants, we found that a Glu209Lys substitution in the DRG1 protein is responsible for the irregular cell size and arrangement in the drg1-D mutant. DRG1/TaACT7 encodes an actin family protein that is essential for polymerization stability and microfilament (MF) formation. In addition, the BR response and vesicular transport were altered by the abnormal actin cytoskeleton in drg1-D mutant plants. Our study demonstrates that DRG1/TaACT7 plays an important role in wheat cell shape determination by modulating actin organization and intracellular material transport, which could in the longer term provide tools to better understand the polymerization of actin and its assembly into filaments and arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhencheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunhao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Danping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiuying Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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Xu B, Zhang J, Shi Y, Dai F, Jiang T, Xuan L, He Y, Zhang Z, Deng J, Zhang T, Hu Y, Si Z. GoSTR, a negative modulator of stem trichome formation in cotton. Plant J 2023; 116:389-403. [PMID: 37403589 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Trichomes, the outward projection of plant epidermal tissue, provide an effective defense against stress and insect pests. Although numerous genes have been identified to be involved in trichome development, the molecular mechanism for trichome cell fate determination is not well enunciated. Here, we reported GoSTR functions as a master repressor for stem trichome formation, which was isolated by map-based cloning based on a large F2 segregating population derived from a cross between TM-1 (pubescent stem) and J220 (smooth stem). Sequence alignment revealed a critical G-to-T point mutation in GoSTR's coding region that converted codon 2 from GCA (Alanine) to TCA (Serine). This mutation occurred between the majority of Gossypium hirsutum with pubescent stem (GG-haplotype) and G. barbadense with glabrous stem (TT-haplotype). Silencing of GoSTR in J220 and Hai7124 via virus-induced gene silencing resulted in the pubescent stems but no visible change in leaf trichomes, suggesting stem trichomes and leaf trichomes are genetically distinct. Yeast two-hybrid assay and luciferase complementation imaging assay showed GoSTR interacts with GoHD1 and GoHOX3, two key regulators of trichome development. Comparative transcriptomic analysis further indicated that many transcription factors such as GhMYB109, GhTTG1, and GhMYC1/GhDEL65 which function as positive regulators of trichomes were significantly upregulated in the stem from the GoSTR-silencing plant. Taken together, these results indicate that GoSTR functions as an essential negative modulator of stem trichomes and its transcripts will greatly repress trichome cell differentiation and growth. This study provided valuable insights for plant epidermal hair initiation and differentiation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyu Xu
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Fan Dai
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Lisha Xuan
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Ying He
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Jieqiong Deng
- Industrial Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Zhanfeng Si
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
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Ning J, He W, Wu L, Chang L, Hu M, Fu Y, Liu F, Sun H, Gu P, Ndjiondjop M, Sun C, Zhu Z. The MYB transcription factor Seed Shattering 11 controls seed shattering by repressing lignin synthesis in African rice. Plant Biotechnol J 2023; 21:931-942. [PMID: 36610008 PMCID: PMC10106857 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
African cultivated rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.) was domesticated from its wild progenitor species (Oryza barthii) about 3000 years ago. Seed shattering is one of the main constraints on grain production in African cultivated rice, which causes severe grain losses during harvest. By contrast, Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) displays greater resistance to seed shattering, allowing higher grain production. A better understanding in regulation of seed shattering would help to improve harvesting efficiency in African cultivated rice. Here, we report the map-based cloning and characterization of OgSH11, a MYB transcription factor controlling seed shattering in O. glaberrima. OgSH11 represses the expression of lignin biosynthesis genes and lignin deposition by binding to the promoter of GH2. We successfully developed a new O. glaberrima material showing significantly reduced seed shattering by knockout of SH11 in O. glaberrima using CRISPR-Cas9 mediated approach. Identification of SH11 not only supplies a new target for seed shattering improvement in African cultivated rice, but also provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of abscission layer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ning
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wei He
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Linhua Wu
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Leqin Chang
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Min Hu
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yongcai Fu
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fengxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and BiochemistryChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hongying Sun
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ping Gu
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | | | - Chuanqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and BiochemistryChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zuofeng Zhu
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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Shen Q, Weng Y. Alternative Splicing of NAC Transcription Factor Gene CmNST1 Is Associated with Naked Seed Mutation in Pumpkin, Cucurbita moschata. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14050962. [PMID: 37239322 DOI: 10.3390/genes14050962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata), the naked or hull-less seed phenotype has great benefits for breeding this crop for oil or snack use. We previously identified a naked seed mutant in this crop. In this study, we report genetic mapping, identification, and characterization of a candidate gene for this mutation. We showed that the naked seed phenotype is controlled by a single recessive gene (N). The bulked segregant analysis identified a 2.4 Mb region on Chromosome 17 with 15 predicted genes. Multiple lines of evidence suggested that CmoCh17G004790 is the most probable candidate gene for the N locus which encodes a NAC transcription factor WALL THICKENING PROMOTING FACTOR 1 (CmNST1). No nucleotide polymorphism or structural variation was found in the genomic DNA sequences of CmNST1 between the mutant and the wildtype inbred line (hulled seed). However, the cDNA sequence cloned from developing seed coat samples of the naked seed mutant was 112 bp shorter than that from the wildtype which is due to seed coat-specific alternative splicing in the second exon of the mutant CmNST1 transcript. The expression level of CmNST1 in the developing seed coat was higher in the mutant than in the wildtype during early seed coat development which was reversed later. Transcriptomic profiling with RNA-Seq at different stages of seed development in the mutant and wildtype revealed a critical role of CmNST1 as a master regulator for the lignin biosynthesis pathway during seed coat development while other NAC and MYB transcription factors were also involved in forming a regulatory network for the building of secondary cell walls. This work provides a novel mechanism for the well-characterized NST1 transcription factor gene in regulating secondary cell wall development. The cloned gene also provides a useful tool for marker-assisted breeding of hull-less C. moschata varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Shen
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Yiqun Weng
- USDA-ARS Vegetable Crops Research Unit, Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Chai Q, Wang X, Gao M, Zhao X, Chen Y, Zhang C, Jiang H, Wang J, Wang Y, Zheng M, Baltaevich AM, Zhao J, Zhao J. A glutathione S-transferase GhTT19 determines flower petal pigmentation via regulating anthocyanin accumulation in cotton. Plant Biotechnol J 2023; 21:433-448. [PMID: 36385569 PMCID: PMC9884026 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanin accumulations in the flowers can improve seed production of hybrid lines, and produce higher commodity value in cotton fibre. However, the genetic mechanism underlying the anthocyanin pigmentation in cotton petals is poorly understood. Here, we showed that the red petal phenotype was introgressed from Gossypium bickii through recombination with the segment containing the R3 bic region in the A07 chromosome of Gossypium hirsutum variety LR compared with the near-isogenic line of LW with white flower petals. The cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy3G) was the major anthocyanin in red petals of cotton. A GhTT19 encoding a TT19-like GST was mapped to the R3 bic site associated with red petals via map-based cloning, but GhTT19 homologue gene from the D genome was not expressed in G. hirsutum. Intriguingly, allelic variations in the promoters between GhTT19LW and GhTT19LR , rather than genic regions, were found as genetic causal of petal colour variations. GhTT19-GFP was found localized in both the endoplasmic reticulum and tonoplast for facilitating anthocyanin transport. An additional MYB binding element found only in the promoter of GhTT19LR , but not in that of GhTT19LW , enhanced its transactivation by the MYB activator GhPAP1. The transgenic analysis confirmed the function of GhTT19 in regulating the red flower phenotype in cotton. The essential light signalling component GhHY5 bonded to and activated the promoter of GhPAP1, and the GhHY5-GhPAP1 module together regulated GhTT19 expression to mediate the light-activation of petal anthocyanin pigmentation in cotton. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms for anthocyanin accumulation and may lay a foundation for faster genetic improvement of cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Chai
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, Institute of Industrial CropsShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, Institute of Industrial CropsShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina
| | - Mingwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, Institute of Industrial CropsShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina
| | - Xuecheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of HorticultureHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, Institute of Industrial CropsShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, Institute of Industrial CropsShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina
| | - Hui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, Institute of Industrial CropsShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina
| | - Jiabao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, Institute of Industrial CropsShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina
| | - Yongcui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, Institute of Industrial CropsShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina
| | - Meina Zheng
- College of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinanChina
| | - Ahmedov Miraziz Baltaevich
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, Institute of Industrial CropsShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of HorticultureHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Junsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, Institute of Industrial CropsShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina
- College of Life SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinanChina
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9
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Ye S, Hua S, Ma T, Ma X, Chen Y, Wu L, Zhao L, Yi B, Ma C, Tu J, Shen J, Fu T, Wen J. Genetic and multi-omics analyses reveal BnaA07.PAP2In-184-317 as the key gene conferring anthocyanin-based color in Brassica napus flowers. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:6630-6645. [PMID: 35857343 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin-based flower coloration remain unknown in Brassica napus. To identify the key genes and metabolites associated with apricot and pink flower colors, metabolome, BSA-seq, and RNA-seq analyses were conducted on apricot-, pink-, yellow-, and white-flowered F2B. napus. Yellow carotenoids and red anthocyanins were abundant in apricot petals, while colorless carotenoids and red anthocyanins accumulated in pink petals. Most carotenoid genes were not differentially regulated between apricot and yellow or between pink and white petals. Three regulator genes, BnaMYBL2, BnaA07.PAP2, and BnaTT8, and structural genes in anthocyanin biosynthesis were dramatically enhanced in apricot and pink petals in comparison with yellow and white petals. Map-based cloning revealed that BnaA07.PAP2 is responsible for anthocyanin-based flower color and encodes a nucleus-localized protein predominantly expressed in apricot and pink flowers. Two insertions in the promoter region are responsible for the transcriptional activation of BnaA07.PAP2 in flowers. Introducing the BnaA07.PAP2In-184-317 allele broadly activated the expression of anthocyanin-related genes and promoted anthocyanin accumulation in flowers, yielding color change from yellow to apricot. These findings illustrate the genetic basis of anthocyanin-based flower coloration and provide a valuable genetic resource for breeding varieties with novel flower colors in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenhua Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuijin Hua
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lumei Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lun Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingdong Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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10
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An G, Qi Y, Zhang W, Gao H, Qian J, Larkin RM, Chen J, Kuang H. LsNRL4 enhances photosynthesis and decreases leaf angles in lettuce. Plant Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1956-1967. [PMID: 35748307 PMCID: PMC9491448 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is one of the most important vegetables worldwide and an ideal plant for producing protein drugs. Both well-functioning chloroplasts that perform robust photosynthesis and small leaf angles that enable dense planting are essential for high yields. In this study, we used an F2 population derived from a cross between a lettuce cultivar with pale-green leaves and large leaf angles to a cultivar with dark-green leaves and small leaf angles to clone LsNRL4, which encodes an NPH3/RPT2-Like (NRL) protein. Unlike other NRL proteins in lettuce, the LsNRL4 lacks the BTB domain. Knockout mutants engineered using CRISPR/Cas9 and transgenic lines overexpressing LsNRL4 verified that LsNRL4 contributes to chloroplast development, photosynthesis and leaf angle. The LsNRL4 gene was not present in the parent with pale-green leaves and enlarged leaf angles. Loss of LsNRL4 results in the enlargement of chloroplasts, decreases in the amount of cellular space allocated to chloroplasts and defects in secondary cell wall biosynthesis in lamina joints. Overexpressing LsNRL4 significantly improved photosynthesis and decreased leaf angles. Indeed, the plant architecture of the overexpressing lines is ideal for dense planting. In summary, we identified a novel NRL gene that enhances photosynthesis and influences plant architecture. Our study provides new approaches for the breeding of lettuce that can be grown in dense planting in the open field or in modern plant factories. LsNRL4 homologues may also be used in other crops to increase photosynthesis and improve plant architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui An
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yetong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hairong Gao
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jinlong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Robert M. Larkin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jiongjiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hanhui Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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11
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Yang S, Tang H, Wei X, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Su H, Niu L, Yuan Y, Zhang X. BrWAX3, Encoding a β-ketoacyl-CoA Synthase, Plays an Essential Role in Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis in Chinese Cabbage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10938. [PMID: 36142850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we identified a novel glossy mutant from Chinese cabbage, named SD369, and all wax monomers longer than 26 carbons were significantly decreased. Inheritance analysis revealed that the glossy trait of SD369 was controlled by a single recessive locus, BrWAX3. We fine-mapped the BrWAX3 locus to an interval of 161.82 kb on chromosome A09. According to the annotated genome of Brassica rapa, Bra024749 (BrCER60.A09), encoding a β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase, was identified as the candidate gene. Expression analysis showed that BrCER60.A09 was significantly downregulated in all aerial organs of glossy plants. Subcellular localization indicated that the BrCER60.A09 protein functions in the endoplasmic reticulum. A 5567-bp insertion was identified in exon 1 of BrCER60.A09 in SD369, which lead to a premature stop codon, thus causing a loss of function of the BrCER60.A09 enzyme. Moreover, comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that the ‘cutin, suberine, and wax biosynthesis’ pathway was significantly enriched, and genes involved in this pathway were almost upregulated in glossy plants. Further, two functional markers, BrWAX3-InDel and BrWAX3-KASP1, were developed and validated. Overall, these results provide a new information for the cuticular wax biosynthesis and provide applicable markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS)-based breeding of Brassica rapa.
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12
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Qin P, Gao J, Shen W, Wu Z, Dai C, Wen J, Yi B, Ma C, Shen J, Fu T, Tu J. BnaCRCs with domestication preference positively correlate with the seed-setting rate of canola. Plant J 2022; 111:1717-1731. [PMID: 35882961 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Canola (Brassica napus) is an important oil crop worldwide. The seed-setting rate (SS) is a critical factor in determining its yield, and the development of pistils affects pollination and seed sets. However, research on seed-setting defects has been limited owing to difficulties in the identification of phenotypes, mutations, and complex genetic mechanisms. In this study, we found a stigma defect (sd) mutant in B. napus, which had no nectary. The SS of sd mutants in the field was approximately 93.4% lower than that of the wild type. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy imaging of sd mutants showed a low density of stigma papillary cells and stigma papillary cell vacuoles that disappeared 16 h after flowering. Genetic analysis of segregated populations showed that two recessive nuclear genes are responsible for the mutant phenotype of sd. Based on re-sequencing and map-based cloning, we reduced the candidate sites on ChrA07 (BnaSSA07) and ChrC06 (BnaSSC06) to 30 and 67 kb, including six and eight predicted genes, respectively. Gene analyses showed that a pair of CRABS CLAW (CRC) homeologous genes at BnaSSA07 and BnaSSC06 were associated with the development of carpel and nectary. BnaSSA07.CRC and BnaSSC06.CRC candidate genes were found to be expressed in flower organs only, with significant differences in their expression in the pistils of the near-isogenic lines. DNA sequencing showed transposon insertions in the upstream region and intron of the candidate gene BnaSSA07.crc. We also found that BnaSSC06.crc exists widely in the natural population and we give possible reasons for its widespread existence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Qin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinxiang Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenhao Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zengxiang Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Cheng Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tingdong Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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13
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Cao Z, Tang H, Cai Y, Zeng B, Zhao J, Tang X, Lu M, Wang H, Zhu X, Wu X, Yuan L, Wan J. Natural variation of HTH5 from wild rice, Oryza rufipogon Griff., is involved in conferring high-temperature tolerance at the heading stage. Plant Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1591-1605. [PMID: 35514030 PMCID: PMC9342620 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Global warming is a major abiotic stress factor, which limit rice production. Exploiting the genetic basis of the natural variation in heat resistance at different reproductive stages among diverse exotic Oryza germplasms can help breeding heat-resistant rice cultivars. Here, we identified a stable quantitative trait locus (QTL) for heat tolerance at the heading stage on chromosome 5 (qHTH5) in O. rufipogon Griff. The corresponding gene, HTH5, pertains to the pyridoxal phosphate-binding protein PLPBP (formerly called PROSC) family, which is predicted to encode pyridoxal phosphate homeostasis protein (PLPHP) localized to the mitochondrion. Overexpression of HTH5 increased the seed-setting rate of rice plants under heat stress at the heading stage, whereas suppression of HTH5 resulted in greater susceptibility to heat stress. Further investigation indicated that HTH5 reduces reactive oxygen species accumulation at high temperatures by increasing the heat-induced pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) content. Moreover, we found that two SNPs located in the HTH5 promoter region are involved with its expression level and associated with heat tolerance diversity. These findings suggest that the novel gene HTH5 might have great potential value for heightening rice tolerance to heat stress to the on-going threat of global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Cao
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang)Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super RiceJiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Huiwu Tang
- College of Agriculture and BiologyZhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhouChina
| | - Yaohui Cai
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang)Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super RiceJiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Bohong Zeng
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang)Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super RiceJiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Jialiang Zhao
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang)Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super RiceJiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Xiuying Tang
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang)Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super RiceJiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Ming Lu
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang)Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super RiceJiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Huimin Wang
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang)Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super RiceJiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Xuejing Zhu
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang)Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super RiceJiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang)Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super RiceJiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Linfeng Yuan
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang)Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super RiceJiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Jianlin Wan
- Rice National Engineering Research Center (Nanchang)Jiangxi Research and Development Center of Super RiceJiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchangChina
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14
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Cheng X, Xie H, Zhang K, Wen J. Enabling Medicago truncatula forward genetics: identification of genetic crossing partner for R108 and development of mapping resources for Tnt1 mutants. Plant J 2022; 111:608-616. [PMID: 35510429 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Though Medicago truncatula Tnt1 mutants are widely used by researchers in the legume community, they are mainly used for reverse genetics because of the availability of the BLAST-searchable large-scale flanking sequence tags database. However, these mutants should have also been used extensively for forward genetic screens, an effort that has been hindered due to the lack of a compatible genetic crossing partner for the M. truncatula genotype R108, from which Tnt1 mutants were generated. In this study, we selected three Medicago HapMap lines (HM017, HM018 and HM022) and performed reciprocal genetic crosses with R108. After phenotypic analyses in F1 and F2 progenies, HM017 was identified as a compatible crossing partner with R108. By comparing the assembled genomic sequences of HM017 and R108, we developed and confirmed 318 Indel markers evenly distributed across the eight chromosomes of the M. truncatula genome. To validate the effectiveness of these markers, by employing the map-based cloning approach, we cloned the causative gene in the dwarf mutant crs isolated from the Tnt1 mutant population, identifying it as gibberellin 3-β-dioxygenase 1, using some of the confirmed Indel markers. The primer sequences and the size difference of each marker were made available for users in the web-based database. The identification of the crossing partner for R108 and the generation of Indel markers will enhance the forward genetics and the overall usage of the Tnt1 mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Cheng
- Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Hongli Xie
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
| | - Kuihua Zhang
- Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
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15
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Wang X, Yi XL, Hou CX, Wang XY, Sun X, Zhang ZJ, Qin S, Li MW. Map-based cloning and functional analysis revealed ABCC2 is responsible for Cry1Ac toxin resistance in Bombyx mori. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2022; 110:e21886. [PMID: 35307854 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bt toxins are parasporal crystals produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). They have specific killing activity against various insects and have been widely used to control agricultural pests. However, their widespread use has developed the resistance of many target insects. To maintain the sustainable use of Bt products, the resistance mechanism of insects to Bt toxins must be fully clarified. In this study, Bt-resistant and Bt-susceptible silkworm strains were used to construct genetic populations, and the genetic pattern of silkworm resistance to Cry1Ac toxin was determined. Sequence-tagged site molecular marker technology was used to finely map the resistance gene and to draw a molecular genetic linkage map, and the two closest markers were T1590 and T1581, indicating the resistance gene located in the 155 kb genetic region. After analyzing the sequence of the predicted gene in the genetic region, an ATP binding cassette transporter (ABCC2) was identified as the candidate gene. Molecular modeling and protein-protein docking result showed that a tyrosine insertion in the mutant ABCC2 might be responsible for the interaction between Cry1Ac and ABCC2. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing technology was used to knockout ABCC2 gene. The homozygous mutant ABCC2 silkworm was resistant to Cry1Ac toxin, which indicated ABCC2 is the key gene that controls silkworm resistance to Cry1Ac toxin. The results have laid the foundation for elucidating the molecular resistance mechanism of silkworms to Cry1Ac toxin and could provide a theoretical basis for the biological control of lepidopteran pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Li Yi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng-Xiang Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue-Yang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhong-Jie Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mu-Wang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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16
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Yang Y, Zhou Y, Sun J, Liang W, Chen X, Wang X, Zhou J, Yu C, Wang J, Wu S, Yao X, Zhou Y, Zhu J, Yan C, Zheng B, Chen J. Research Progress on Cloning and Function of Xa Genes Against Rice Bacterial Blight. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:847199. [PMID: 35386667 PMCID: PMC8978965 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.847199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial blight (BB) of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious bacterial diseases that hinder the normal growth and production of rice, which greatly reduces the quality and yield of rice. The effect of traditional methods such as chemical control is often not ideal. A series of production practices have shown that among the numerous methods for BB controlling, breeding and using resistant varieties are the most economical, effective, and environmentally friendly, and the important basis for BB resistance breeding is the exploration of resistance genes and their functional research. So far, 44 rice BB resistance genes have been identified and confirmed by international registration or reported in journals, of which 15 have been successfully cloned and characterized. In this paper, research progress in recent years is reviewed mainly on the identification, map-based cloning, molecular resistance mechanism, and application in rice breeding of these BB resistance genes, and the future influence and direction of the remained research for rice BB resistance breeding are also prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian A & F University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weifang Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chulang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Junmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shilu Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoming Yao
- Zhejiang Plant Protection, Quarantine and Pesticide Management Station, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Zhuji Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Zhuji, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer Management Station of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengqi Yan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Science, Ningbo, China
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Protection, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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17
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Ma J, Li C, Zong M, Qiu Y, Liu Y, Huang Y, Xie Y, Zhang H, Wang J. CmFSI8/CmOFP13 encoding an OVATE family protein controls fruit shape in melon. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:1370-1384. [PMID: 34849737 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fruit shape is an important quality and yield trait in melon (Cucumis melo). Although some quantitative trait loci for fruit shape have been reported in in this species, the genes responsible and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identified and characterized a gene controlling fruit shape from two melon inbred lines, B8 with long-horn fruit and HP22 with flat-round fruit. Genetic analysis suggested that the shape was controlled by a single and incompletely dominant locus, which we designate as CmFSI8/CmOFP13. This gene was finely mapped to a 53.7-kb interval on chromosome 8 based on bulked-segregant analysis sequencing and map-based cloning strategies. CmFSI8/CmOFP13 encodes an OVATE family protein (OFP) and is orthologous to AtOFP1 and SlOFP20. The transcription level of CmFSI8/CmOFP13 in the ovary of HP22 was significantly higher than that in B8, and sequence analysis showed that a 12.5-kb genomic variation with a retrotransposon insertion identified in the promoter was responsible for elevating the expression, and this ultimately caused the differences in fruit shape. Ectopic overexpression of CmFSI8/CmOFP13 in Arabidopsis led to multiple phenotypic changes, including kidney-shaped leaves and shortened siliques. Taken together, our results demonstrate the involvement of an OFP in regulating fruit shape in melon, and our improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms will enable us to better manipulate fruit shape in breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Congcong Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mei Zong
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yanhong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yuemin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yating Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yuli Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, China
| | - Jianshe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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18
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Zhou X, Zhang H, Wang P, Liu Y, Zhang X, Song Y, Wang Z, Ali A, Wan L, Yang G, Hong D. BnaC7.ROT3, the causal gene of cqSL-C7, mediates silique length by affecting cell elongation in Brassica napus. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:154-167. [PMID: 34486674 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Siliques are a major carbohydrate source of energy for later seed development in rapeseed (Brassica napus). Thus, silique length has received great attention from breeders. We previously detected a novel quantitative trait locus cqSL-C7 that controls silique length in B. napus. Here, we further validated the cqSL-C7 locus and isolated its causal gene (BnaC7.ROT3) by map-based cloning. In 'Zhongshuang11' (parent line with long siliques), BnaC7.ROT3 encodes the potential cytochrome P450 monooxygenase CYP90C1, whereas in 'G120' (parent line with short siliques), a single nucleotide deletion in the fifth exon of BnaC7.ROT3 results in a loss-of-function truncated protein. Sub-cellular localization and expression pattern analysis revealed that BnaC7.ROT3 is a membrane-localized protein mainly expressed in leaves, flowers and siliques. Cytological observations showed that the cells in silique walls of BnaC7.ROT3-transformed positive plants were longer than those of transgene-negative plants in the background of 'G120', suggesting that BnaC7.ROT3 affects cell elongation. Haplotype analysis demonstrated that most alleles of BnaC7.ROT3 are favorable in B. napus germplasms, and its homologs may also be involved in silique length regulation. Our findings provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms of natural silique length variations and valuable genetic resources for the improvement of silique length in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianming Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yixian Song
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ahmad Ali
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lili Wan
- Institute of Crops, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guangsheng Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dengfeng Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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19
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Su H, Chen Z, Dong Y, Ku L, Abou-Elwafa SF, Ren Z, Cao Y, Dou D, Liu Z, Liu H, Tian L, Zhang D, Zeng H, Han S, Zhu F, Du C, Chen Y. Identification of ZmNF-YC2 and its regulatory network for maize flowering time. J Exp Bot 2021; 72:7792-7807. [PMID: 34338753 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Flowering time is an important agronomic trait that determines the distribution and adaptation of plants. The accurate prediction of flowering time in elite germplasm is critical for maize breeding. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the photoperiod response remain elusive in maize. Here we cloned the flowering time-controlling gene, ZmNF-YC2, by map-based cloning and confirmed that ZmNF-YC2 is the nuclear transcription factor Y subunit C-2 protein and a positive regulator of flowering time in maize under long-day conditions. Our results show that ZmNF-YC2 promotes the expression of ZmNF-YA3. ZmNF-YA3 negatively regulates the transcription of ZmAP2. ZmAP2 suppresses the expression of ZMM4 to delay flowering time. We then developed a gene regulatory model of flowering time in maize using ZmNF-YC2, ZmNF-YA3, ZmAP2, ZMM4, and other key genes. The cascading regulation by ZmNF-YC2 of maize flowering time has not been reported in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Su
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Yahui Dong
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Lixia Ku
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | | | - Zhenzhen Ren
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Yingying Cao
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Dandan Dou
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Zhixue Liu
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Huafeng Liu
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Dongling Zhang
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Haixia Zeng
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Shengbo Han
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Fangfang Zhu
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Chunguang Du
- Department of Biology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Yanhui Chen
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
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20
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Zang Y, Xu C, Xuan L, Ding L, Zhu J, Si Z, Zhang T, Hu Y. Identification and characteristics of a novel gland-forming gene in cotton. Plant J 2021; 108:781-792. [PMID: 34492144 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) pigment gland is a distinctive structure that functions as the main deposit organ of gossypol and its derivatives. It is also an ideal system in which to study cell differentiation and organogenesis. However, only a few genes that determine the process of gland formation have been reported, including GoPGF, CGP1, and CGFs; the molecular mechanisms underlying gland initiation are still largely unclear. Here, we report the discovery of the novel stem pigment gland-forming gene GoSPGF by map-based cloning; annotated as a GRAS transcription factor, this gene is responsible for the glandless trait specifically on the stem. In the stem glandless mutant T582, a point mutation (C to A) was found to create a premature stop codon and truncate the protein. Similarly, virus-induced gene silencing of GoSPGF resulted in glandless stems and dramatically reduced gossypol content. Comparative transcriptomic data showed that loss of GoSPGF significantly suppressed expression of many genes involved in gossypol biosynthesis and altered expression of genes involved in gibberellic acid signaling/biosynthesis. Overall, these findings provide more insight into the networks regulating glandular structure differentiation and formation in cotton, which will be helpful for understanding other plants bearing special gland structures such as tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana), artemisia annua, mint (Mentha spp.), and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Zang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Chenyu Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Lisha Xuan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Lingyun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - JianKun Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Zhanfeng Si
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310029, China
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21
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Si Y, Zheng S, Niu J, Tian S, Gu M, Lu Q, He Y, Zhang J, Shi X, Li Y, Ling HQ. Ne2, a typical CC-NBS-LRR-type gene, is responsible for hybrid necrosis in wheat. New Phytol 2021; 232:279-289. [PMID: 34160845 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid necrosis, caused by complementary genes Ne1 and Ne2, is a serious barrier for combining desirable traits from different genotypes of wheat, affecting the full utilisation of heterosis. To date, both Ne1 and Ne2 are still not isolated although they were documented decades ago. We report here the map-based cloning and functional characterisation of Ne2, encoding a coiled coil-nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (CC-NBS-LRR) protein. Homozygous frameshift mutations generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 approach confirmed the Ne2-inducing hybrid necrosis in wheat. Upregulated expression of Ne2 induced by Ne1 and excess hydrogen peroxide accumulation are associated with the necrosis formation. Genetic analyses of a Ne2 allele (Ne2m ) and leaf rust resistance gene LrLC10/Lr13 revealed that they might be the same gene. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the frequency of the Ne2 allele was much lower in landraces (2.00%) compared with that in modern cultivars (13.62%), suggesting that Ne2 allele has been partially applied in wheat genetic improvement. Our findings open opportunities of thoroughly investigating the molecular mechanism of hybrid necrosis, selecting Lr13 and simultaneously avoiding hybrid necrosis in wheat breeding through marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoqi Si
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shusong Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianqing Niu
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuiquan Tian
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mengjun Gu
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiao Lu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yilin He
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Shi Jia Zhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050041, China
| | - Xiaoli Shi
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hong-Qing Ling
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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22
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Yang Q, Nong X, Xu J, Huang F, Wang F, Wu J, Zhang C, Liu C. Unraveling the Genetic Basis of Fertility Restoration for Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line WNJ01A Originated From Brassica juncea in Brassica napus. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:721980. [PMID: 34531887 PMCID: PMC8438535 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.721980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Crosses that lead to heterosis have been widely used in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) industry. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)/restorer-of-fertility (Rf) systems represent one of the most useful tools for rapeseed production. Several CMS types and their restorer lines have been identified in rapeseed, but there are few studies on the mechanisms underlying fertility restoration. Here, we performed morphological observation, map-based cloning, and transcriptomic analysis of the F2 population developed by crossing the CMS line WNJ01A with its restorer line Hui01. Paraffin-embedded sections showed that the sporogenous cell stage was the critical pollen degeneration period, with major sporogenous cells displaying loose and irregular arrangement in sterile anthers. Most mitochondrial electron transport chain (mtETC) complex genes were upregulated in fertile compared to sterile buds. Using bulked segregant analysis (BSA)-seq to analyze mixed DNA pools from sterile and fertile F2 buds, respectively, we identified a 6.25 Mb candidate interval where Rfw is located. Using map-based cloning experiments combined with bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone sequencing, the candidate interval was reduced to 99.75 kb and two pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) genes were found among 28 predicted genes in this interval. Transcriptome sequencing showed that there were 1679 DEGs (1023 upregulated and 656 downregulated) in fertile compared to sterile F2 buds. The upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) lysine degradation pathway and phenylalanine metabolism, and the downregulated DEGs were enriched in cutin, suberine, and wax biosynthesis. Furthermore, 44 DEGs were involved in pollen and anther development, such as tapetum, microspores, and pollen wall development. All of them were upregulated except a few such as POE1 genes (which encode Pollen Ole e I allergen and extensin family proteins). There were 261 specifically expressed DEGs (9 and 252 in sterile and fertile buds, respectively). Regarding the fertile bud-specific upregulated DEGs, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway was enriched. The top four hub genes in the protein-protein interaction network (BnaA09g56400D, BnaA10g18210D, BnaA10g18220D, and BnaC09g41740D) encode RAD23d proteins, which deliver ubiquitinated substrates to the 26S proteasome. These findings provide evidence on the pathways regulated by Rfw and improve our understanding of fertility restoration.
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Yu L, Nie Y, Jiao J, Jian L, Zhao J. The Sequencing-Based Mapping Method for Effectively Cloning Plant Mutated Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126224. [PMID: 34207582 PMCID: PMC8226582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A forward genetic approach is a powerful tool for identifying the genes underlying the phenotypes of interest. However, the conventional map-based cloning method is lengthy, requires a large mapping population and confirmation of many candidate genes in a broad genetic region to clone the causal variant. The whole-genome sequencing method clones the variants with a certain failure probability for multiple reasons, especially for heterozygotes, and could not be used to clone the mutation of epigenetic modifications. Here, we applied the highly complementary characteristics of these two methods and developed a sequencing-based mapping method (SBM) for identifying the location of plant variants effectively with a small population and low cost, which is very user-friendly for most popular laboratories. This method used the whole-genome sequencing data of two pooled populations to screen out enough markers. These markers were used to identify and narrow the candidate region by analyzing the marker-indexes and recombinants. Finally, the possible mutational sites were identified using the whole-genome sequencing data and verified in individual mutants. To elaborate the new method, we displayed the cloned processes in one Arabidopsis heterozygous mutant and two rice homozygous mutants. Thus, the sequencing-based mapping method could clone effectively different types of plant mutations and was a powerful tool for studying the functions of plant genes in the species with known genomic sequences.
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24
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Shi Y, Zhang M, Shu Q, Ma W, Sun T, Xiang C, Wang C, Duan Y. Genetic Mapping and Identification of the Candidate Gene for White Seed Coat in Cucurbita maxima. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2972. [PMID: 33804065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Seed coat color is an important agronomic trait of edible seed pumpkin in Cucurbita maxima. In this study, the development pattern of seed coat was detected in yellow and white seed coat accessions Wuminglv and Agol. Genetic analysis suggested that a single recessive gene white seed coat (wsc) is involved in seed coat color regulation in Cucurbita maxima. An F2 segregating population including 2798 plants was used for fine mapping and a candidate region containing nine genes was identified. Analysis of 54 inbred accessions revealed four main Insertion/Deletion sites in the promoter of CmaCh15G005270 encoding an MYB transcription factor were co-segregated with the phenotype of seed coat color. RNA-seq analysis and qRT-PCR revealed that some genes involved in phenylpropanoid/flavonoid metabolism pathway displayed remarkable distinction in Wuminglv and Agol during the seed coat development. The flanking InDel marker S1548 was developed to predict the seed coat color in the MAS breeding with an accuracy of 100%. The results may provide valuable information for further studies in seed coat color formation and structure development in Cucurbitaceae crops and help the molecular breeding of Cucurbita maxima.
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Xu K, Wu Y, Song J, Hu K, Wu Z, Wen J, Yi B, Ma C, Shen J, Fu T, Tu J. Fine Mapping and Identification of BnaC06.FtsH1, a Lethal Gene That Regulates the PSII Repair Cycle in Brassica napus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042087. [PMID: 33669866 PMCID: PMC7923215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) is an important component of the chloroplast. The PSII repair cycle is crucial for the relief of photoinhibition and may be advantageous when improving stress resistance and photosynthetic efficiency. Lethal genes are widely used in the efficiency detection and method improvement of gene editing. In the present study, we identified the naturally occurring lethal mutant 7-521Y with etiolated cotyledons in Brassica napus, controlled by double-recessive genes (named cyd1 and cyd2). By combining whole-genome resequencing and map-based cloning, CYD1 was fine-mapped to a 29 kb genomic region using 15,167 etiolated individuals. Through cosegregation analysis and functional verification of the transgene, BnaC06.FtsH1 was determined to be the target gene; it encodes an filamentation temperature sensitive protein H 1 (FtsH1) hydrolase that degrades damaged PSII D1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. The expression of BnaC06.FtsH1 was high in the cotyledons, leaves, and flowers of B. napus, and localized in the chloroplasts. In addition, the expression of EngA (upstream regulation gene of FtsH) increased and D1 decreased in 7-521Y. Double mutants of FtsH1 and FtsH5 were lethal in A. thaliana. Through phylogenetic analysis, the loss of FtsH5 was identified in Brassica, and the remaining FtsH1 was required for PSII repair cycle. CYD2 may be a homologous gene of FtsH1 on chromosome A07 of B. napus. Our study provides new insights into lethal mutants, the findings may help improve the efficiency of the PSII repair cycle and biomass accumulation in oilseed rape.
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Hu Z, Xiong Q, Wang K, Zhang L, Yan Y, Cao L, Niu F, Zhu J, Hu J, Wu S. Identification of a New Giant Emrbryo Allele, and Integrated Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis of Giant Embryo Development in Rice. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:697889. [PMID: 34434206 PMCID: PMC8381154 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.697889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Rice embryos are rich in high-quality protein, lipid, vitamins and minerals, representing the most important nutritional part of brown rice. However, the molecular mechanism of rice embryo development is poorly understood. In this study, two rice cultivars with contrasting embryo size (the giant embryo cultivar Dapeimi and the normal embryo cultivar 187R) were used to explore excellent genes controlling embryo size, and the developed near-isogenic lines (NILs) (NIL-D, which has the giant embryo phenotype, and its matching line, NIL-X) were used to explore transcript and metabolic properties in the earlier maturation stage of giant embryo development under natural conditions. The map-based cloning results demonstrated that Dapeimi is a novel allelic mutant of the rice GIANT EMBRYO (GE) gene, and the functional mutation site is a single cytosine deletion in the exon1. A total of 285 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 677 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between NIL-D and NIL-X. The analysis of DAMs indicated that plants lacking GE mainly promoted energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism pathways in the rice embryo. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that 300 pairs of gene-metabolites were highly correlated. Among them, OsZS_02G0528500 and OsZS_12G0013700 were considered to be key genes regulating L-Aspartic acid and L-Tryptophan content during rice giant embryo development, which are promising to be good candidate genes to improve rice nutrition. By analyzing rice embryo development through a combination of strategies, this research contributes to a greater understanding of the molecular mechanism of rice embryo development, and provides a theoretical foundation for breeding high-nutrition varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Hu
- Rice Research Center, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Agricultural Products Preservation Processing Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiangqiang Xiong
- Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Rice Research Center, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Rice Research Center, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Agricultural Products Preservation Processing Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Rice Research Center, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Cao
- Rice Research Center, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Agricultural Products Preservation Processing Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuan Niu
- Rice Research Center, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyan Zhu
- Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Hu
- Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shujun Wu
- Rice Research Center, Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Agricultural Products Preservation Processing Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shujun Wu,
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Shang Y, Yuan L, Di Z, Jia Y, Zhang Z, Li S, Xing L, Qi Z, Wang X, Zhu J, Hua W, Wu X, Zhu M, Li G, Li C. A CYC/TB1-type TCP transcription factor controls spikelet meristem identity in barley. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:7118-7131. [PMID: 32915968 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Barley possesses a branchless, spike-shaped inflorescence where determinate spikelets attach directly to the main axis, but the developmental mechanism of spikelet identity remains largely unknown. Here we report the functional analysis of the barley gene BRANCHED AND INDETERMINATE SPIKELET 1 (BDI1), which encodes a TCP transcription factor and plays a crucial role in determining barley inflorescence architecture and spikelet development. The bdi1 mutant exhibited indeterminate spikelet meristems that continued to grow and differentiate after producing a floret meristem; some spikelet meristems at the base of the spike formed two fully developed seeds or converted to branched spikelets, producing a branched inflorescence. Map-based cloning analysis showed that this mutant has a deletion of ~600 kb on chromosome 5H containing three putative genes. Expression analysis and virus-induced gene silencing confirmed that the causative gene, BDI1, encodes a CYC/TB1-type TCP transcription factor and is highly conserved in both wild and cultivated barley. Transcriptome and regulatory network analysis demonstrated that BDI1 may integrate regulation of gene transcription cell wall modification and known trehalose-6-phosphate homeostasis to control spikelet development. Together, our findings reveal that BDI1 represents a key regulator of inflorescence architecture and meristem determinacy in cereal crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/ JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaocan Di
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/ JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Jia
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, Murdoch University, Murdoch WA, Australia
| | - Zhenlan Zhang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Central Laboratory of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/ JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zengjun Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/ JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinghuan Zhu
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Wu
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minqiu Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/ JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Li
- Wheat Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite campus, Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, Murdoch University, Murdoch WA, Australia
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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Liu Y, Ye S, Yuan G, Ma X, Heng S, Yi B, Ma C, Shen J, Tu J, Fu T, Wen J. Gene silencing of BnaA09.ZEP and BnaC09.ZEP confers orange color in Brassica napus flowers. Plant J 2020; 104:932-949. [PMID: 32808386 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Brassica napus is currently cultivated as an important ornamental crop in China. Flower color has attracted much attention in rapeseed genetics and breeding. Here, we characterize an orange-flowered mutant of B. napus that exhibits an altered carotenoid profile in its petals. As revealed by map-based cloning, the change in color from yellow to orange is attributed to the loss of BnaC09.ZEP (zeaxanthin epoxidase) and a 1695-bp deletion in BnaA09.ZEP. HPLC analysis, genetic complementation and CRISPR/Cas9 experiments demonstrated that BnaA09.ZEP and BnaC09.ZEP have similar functions, and the abolishment of both genes led to a substantial increase in lutein content and a sharp decline in violaxanthin content in petals but not leaves. BnaA09.ZEP and BnaC09.ZEP are predominantly expressed in floral tissues, whereas their homologs, BnaA07.ZEP and BnaC07.ZEP, mainly function in leaves, indicating redundancy and tissue-specific diversification of BnaZEP function. Transcriptome analysis in petals revealed differences in the expression of carotenoid and flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes between the mutant and its complementary lines. Flavonoid profiles in the petals of complementary lines were greatly altered compared to the mutant, indicating potential cross-talk between the regulatory networks underlying the carotenoid and flavonoid pathways. Additionally, our results indicate that there is functional compensation by BnaA07.ZEP and BnaC07.ZEP in the absence of BnaA09.ZEP and BnaC09.ZEP. Cloning and characterization of BnaZEPs provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying flower pigmentation in B. napus and would facilitate breeding of B. napus varieties with higher ornamental value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shenhua Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Gaigai Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shuangping Heng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Life Science, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tingdong Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Cao Y, Zeng H, Ku L, Ren Z, Han Y, Su H, Dou D, Liu H, Dong Y, Zhu F, Li T, Zhao Q, Chen Y. ZmIBH1-1 regulates plant architecture in maize. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:2943-2955. [PMID: 31990030 PMCID: PMC7260713 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Leaf angle (LA) is a critical agronomic trait in maize, with more upright leaves allowing higher planting density, leading to more efficient light capture and higher yields. A few genes responsible for variation in LA have been identified by map-based cloning. In this study, we cloned maize ZmIBH1-1, which encodes a bHLH transcription factor with both a basic binding region and a helix-loop-helix domain, and the results of qRT-PCR showed that it is a negative regulator of LA. Histological analysis indicated that changes in LA were mainly caused by differential cell wall lignification and cell elongation in the ligular region. To determine the regulatory framework of ZmIBH1-1, we conducted RNA-seq and DNA affinity purification (DAP)-seq analyses. The combined results revealed 59 ZmIBH1-1-modulated target genes with annotations, and they were mainly related to the cell wall, cell development, and hormones. Based on the data, we propose a regulatory model for the control of plant architecture by ZmIBH1-1 in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Cao
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haixia Zeng
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lixia Ku
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Correspondence: or
| | - Zhenzhen Ren
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yun Han
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huihui Su
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dandan Dou
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huafeng Liu
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yahui Dong
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangfang Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiannan Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengdong New Area, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Wang H, Shi Y, Zhang X, Xu X, Wu JL. Characterization of a Novel Rice Dynamic Narrow-Rolled Leaf Mutant with Deficiencies in Aromatic Amino Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1521. [PMID: 32102218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaf blade is the main photosynthetic organ and its morphology is related to light energy capture and conversion efficiency. We isolated a novel rice Dynamic Narrow-Rolled Leaf 1 (dnrl1) mutant showing reduced width of leaf blades, rolled leaves and lower chlorophyll content. The narrow-rolled leaf phenotype resulted from the reduced number of small longitudinal veins per leaf, smaller size and irregular arrangement of bulliform cells compared with the wild-type. DNRL1 was mapped to chromosome 7 and encoded a putative 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase (DAHPS) which catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate and D-erythrose 4-phosphate to DAHP and phosphate. Sequence analysis revealed that a single base substitution (T–A) was detected in dnrl1, leading to a single amino acid change (L376H) in the coding protein. The mutation led to a lower expression level of DNRL1 as well as the lower activity of DAHPS in the mutant compared with the wild type. Genetic complementation and over-expression of DNRL1 could rescue the narrow-rolled phenotype. DNRL1 was constitutively expressed in all tested organs and exhibited different expression patterns from other narrow-rolled leaf genes. DNRL1-GFP located to chloroplasts. The lower level of chlorophyll in dnrl1 was associated with the downregulation of the genes responsible for chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthesis. Furthermore, dnrl1 showed significantly reduced levels of aromatic amino acids including Trp, Phe and Tyr. We conclude that OsDAHPS, encoded by DNRL1, plays a critical role in leaf morphogenesis by mediating the biosynthesis of amino acids in rice.
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Chen W, Yao J, Li Y, Zhu S, Guo Y, Fang S, Zhao L, Wang J, Yuan L, Lu Y, Zhang Y. Open-Bud Duplicate Loci Are Identified as MML10s, Orthologs of MIXTA-Like Genes on Homologous Chromosomes of Allotetraploid Cotton. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:81. [PMID: 32133019 PMCID: PMC7040098 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The open-bud (ob) mutants in cotton display abnormal flower buds with the stigma and upper anthers exposed before blooming. This characteristic is potentially useful for the efficient production of hybrid seeds. The recessive inheritance pattern of the ob phenotype in allotetraploid cotton is determined by duplicated recessive loci (ob1ob1ob2ob2). In this study, ob1, which is a MIXTA-like MYB gene on chromosome D13 (MML10_Dt), was identified by map-based cloning. In Gossypium barbadense (Gb) acc. 3-79, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (G/A) at the splice site of the first intron and an 8-bp deletion in the third exon of MML10_Dt were found, which are the causative mutations at the ob1 loci. A 1783-bp deletion that leads to the loss of the third exon and accounts for the causal variation at the ob2 loci was found in MML10_At of Gossypium hirsutum (Gh) acc. TM-1. The ob phenotype results from the combination of these two loss-of-function loci. Genotyping assays showed that the ob1 and ob2 loci appeared after the formation of allotetraploid cotton and were specific for Gb and Gh, respectively. All Gb lines and most Gh cultivars carry the single corresponding mutant alleles. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis showed that some of the MYB genes and genes related to cell wall biogenesis, trichome differentiation, cytokinin signal transduction, and cell division were repressed in the ob mutants, which may lead to suppression of petal growth. These findings should be of value for breeding superior ob lines in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Jinbo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Shouhong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Shengtao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Lanjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Youjun Lu
- School of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Yongshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
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Chen C, He B, Liu X, Ma X, Liu Y, Yao H, Zhang P, Yin J, Wei X, Koh H, Yang C, Xue H, Fang Z, Qiao Y. Pyrophosphate-fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP1) regulates starch biosynthesis and seed development via heterotetramer formation in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant Biotechnol J 2020; 18:83-95. [PMID: 31131526 PMCID: PMC6920184 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Pyrophosphate-fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP1) reversibly converts fructose 6-phosphate and pyrophosphate to fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate and orthophosphate during glycolysis, and has diverse functions in plants. However, mechanisms underlying the regulation of starch metabolism by PFP1 remain elusive. This study addressed the function of PFP1 in rice floury endosperm and defective grain filling. Compared with the wild type, pfp1-3 exhibited remarkably low grain weight and starch content, significantly increased protein and lipid content, and altered starch physicochemical properties and changes in embryo development. Map-based cloning revealed that pfp1-3 is a novel allele and encodes the regulatory β-subunit of PFP1 (PFP1β). Measurement of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) showed that mutation of PFP1β markedly decreased its enzyme activity. PFP1β and three of four putative catalytic α-subunits of PFP1, PFP1α1, PFP1α2, and PFP1α4, interacted with each other to form a heterotetramer. Additionally, PFP1β, PFP1α1 and PFP1α2 also formed homodimers. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed that mutation of PFP1β significantly altered expression of many essential enzymes in starch biosynthesis pathways. Concentrations of multiple lipid and glycolytic intermediates and trehalose metabolites were elevated in pfp1-3 endosperm, indicating that PFP1 modulates endosperm metabolism, potentially through reversible adjustments to metabolic fluxes. Taken together, these findings provide new insights into seed endosperm development and starch biosynthesis and will help in the breeding of rice cultivars with higher grain yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular SciencesCollege of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Bingshu He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular SciencesCollege of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Industrial CropsSongyuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesSongyuanChina
| | - Xingxun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and ProcessingCollege of Food Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjingChina
| | - Xiaoding Ma
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yujie Liu
- CAS‐Key Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Hong‐Yan Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular SciencesCollege of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Junliang Yin
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Xin Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular SciencesCollege of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hee‐Jong Koh
- Department of Plant ScienceCollege of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics and Breeding InstituteSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Chen Yang
- CAS‐Key Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Hong‐Wei Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhengwu Fang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Yongli Qiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular SciencesCollege of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
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Sun Y, Liang W, Shen W, Feng H, Chen J, Si Z, Hu Y, Zhang T. G65V Substitution in Actin Disturbs Polymerization Leading to Inhibited Cell Elongation in Cotton. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:1486. [PMID: 31803216 PMCID: PMC6873290 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the actin cytoskeleton for proper cell development has been well established in a variety of organisms. Actin protein sequences are highly conserved, and each amino acid residue may be essential for its function. In this study, we report the isolation and characterization of GhLi 1 from an upland cotton mutant Ligon lintless-1 (Li1), which harbors the G65V substitution in its encoded actin protein. Li1 mutants exhibit pleiotropic malformed phenotypes, including dwarf plants, distorted organs, and extremely shortened fibers. Cytological analysis showed that the actin cytoskeleton was disorganized and the abundance of F-actin was decreased in the Li1 cells. Vesicles were aggregated into patches, and excessive cellulose synthase complexes were inserted into the plasma membrane during the secondary cell wall biosynthesis stage, which dramatically affected the morphology of the Li1 cells. Molecular model prediction suggested that the G65V substitution may affect the three-bodied G-actin interaction during F-actin assembly. Biochemical assays demonstrated that the recombinant GhLi1 protein disturbs actin dynamics by inhibiting the nucleation and elongation processes. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that the G65V substitution in actin had dominant-negative effects on cell elongation, by disturbing actin polymerization and actin cytoskeleton-based biological processes such as intracellular transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weijuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiedan Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhanfeng Si
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R & D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
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Deng J, Fang L, Zhu X, Zhou B, Zhang T. A CC-NBS-LRR gene induces hybrid lethality in cotton. J Exp Bot 2019; 70:5145-5156. [PMID: 31270546 PMCID: PMC6793457 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid lethality forms a reproductive barrier that has been found in many eukaryotes. Most cases follow the Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller genetic incompatibility model and involve two or more loci. In this study, we demonstrate that a coiled-coil nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (CC-NBS-LRR) gene is the causal gene underlying the Le4 locus for interspecific hybrid lethality between Gossypium barbadense and G. hirsutum (cotton). Silencing this CC-NBS-LRR gene can restore F1 plants from a lethal to a normal phenotype. A total of 11 099 genes were differentially expressed between the leaves of normal and lethal F1 plants, of which genes related to autoimmune responses were highly enriched. Genes related to ATP-binding and ATPase were up-regulated before the lethal syndrome appeared; this may result in the conversion of Le4 into an active state and hence trigger immune signals in the absence of biotic/abiotic stress. We discuss our results in relation to the evolution and domestication of Sea Island cottons and the molecular mechanisms of hybrid lethality associated with autoimmune responses. Our findings provide new insights into reproductive isolation and may benefit cotton breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiefei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baoliang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Correspondence: or
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
- Correspondence: or
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Rao Y, Xu N, Li S, Hu J, Jiao R, Hu P, Lin H, Lu C, Lin X, Dai Z, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Wang Y. PE-1, Encoding Heme Oxygenase 1, Impacts Heading Date and Chloroplast Development in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:7249-7257. [PMID: 31244201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The duration of the rice growth phase has always been an important target trait. The identification of mutations in rice that alter these processes and result in a shorter growth phase could have potential benefits for crop production. In this study, we isolated an early aging rice mutant, pe-1, with light green leaves, using γ-mutated indica rice cultivar and subsequent screening methods, which is known as the phytochrome synthesis factor Se5 that controls rice flowering. The pe-1 plant is accompanied by a decreased chlorophyll content, an enhanced photosynthesis, and a decreased pollen fertility. PE-1, a close homologue of HY1, is localized in the chloroplast. Expression pattern analysis indicated that PE-1 was mainly expressed in roots, stems, leaves, leaf sheaths, and young panicles. The knockout of PE-1 using the CRISPR/Cas9 system decreased the chlorophyll content and downregulated the expression of PE-1-related genes. Furthermore, the chloroplasts of pe-1 were filled with many large-sized starch grains, and the number of osmiophilic granules (a chloroplast lipid reservoir) was significantly decreased. Altogether, our findings suggest that PE-1 functions as a master regulator to mediate in chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Rao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Sanfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Hu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Jiao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Han Lin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Caolin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Lin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yilan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
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Narnoliya L, Basu U, Bajaj D, Malik N, Thakro V, Daware A, Sharma A, Tripathi S, Hegde VS, Upadhyaya HD, Singh AK, Tyagi AK, Parida SK. Transcriptional signatures modulating shoot apical meristem morphometric and plant architectural traits enhance yield and productivity in chickpea. Plant J 2019; 98:864-883. [PMID: 30758092 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant height (PH) and plant width (PW), two of the major plant architectural traits determining the yield and productivity of a crop, are defined by diverse morphometric characteristics of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). The identification of potential molecular tags from a single gene that simultaneously modulates these plant/SAM architectural traits is therefore prerequisite to achieve enhanced yield and productivity in crop plants, including chickpea. Large-scale multienvironment phenotyping of the association panel and mapping population have ascertained the efficacy of three vital SAM morphometric trait parameters, SAM width, SAM height and SAM area, as key indicators to unravel the genetic basis of the wide PW and PH trait variations observed in desi chickpea. This study integrated a genome-wide association study (GWAS); quantitative trait locus (QTL)/fine-mapping and map-based cloning with molecular haplotyping; transcript profiling; and protein-DNA interaction assays for the dissection of plant architectural traits in chickpea. These exertions delineated natural alleles and superior haplotypes from a CabHLH121 transcription factor (TF) gene within the major QTL governing PW, PH and SAM morphometric traits. A genome-wide protein-DNA interaction assay assured the direct binding of a known stem cell master regulator, CaWUS, to the WOX-homeodomain TF binding sites of a CabHLH121 gene and its constituted haplotypes. The differential expression of CaWUS and transcriptional regulation of its target CabHLH121 gene/haplotypes were apparent, suggesting their collective role in altering SAM morphometric characteristics and plant architectural traits in the contrasting near isogenic lines (NILs). The NILs introgressed with a superior haplotype of a CabHLH121 exhibited optimal PW and desirable PH as well as enhanced yield and productivity without compromising any component of agronomic performance. These molecular signatures of the CabHLH121 TF gene have the potential to regulate both PW and PH traits through the modulation of proliferation, differentiation and maintenance of the meristematic stem cell population in the SAM; therefore, these signatures will be useful in the translational genomic study of chickpea genetic enhancement. The restructured cultivars with desirable PH (semidwarf) and PW will ensure maximal planting density in a specified cultivable field area, thereby enhancing the overall yield and productivity of chickpea. This can essentially facilitate the achievement of better remunerative outputs by farmers with rational land use, therefore ensuring global food security in the present scenario of an increasing population density and shrinking per capita land area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmi Narnoliya
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Udita Basu
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Deepak Bajaj
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Naveen Malik
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Virevol Thakro
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Anurag Daware
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Akash Sharma
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Shailesh Tripathi
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Venkatraman S Hegde
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Hari D Upadhyaya
- International Crops Research Institute for the SemiArid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - Ashok K Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Akhilesh K Tyagi
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Swarup K Parida
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Sui F, Zhao D, Zhu H, Gong Y, Tang Z, Huang XY, Zhang G, Zhao FJ. Map-based cloning of a new total loss-of-function allele of OsHMA3 causes high cadmium accumulation in rice grain. J Exp Bot 2019; 70:2857-2871. [PMID: 30840768 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is a major dietary source of the toxic metal cadmium (Cd). Reducing Cd transfer from soil to the rice grain is important for food safety. Rice cultivars vary widely in their Cd accumulation, but the genetic basis for this variation is not fully understood. Based on field and pot experiments comparing 26 rice cultivars, we identified a cultivar with high Cd accumulation in grain (BG367, coded as W4) and a cultivar with low grain Cd accumulation (Huajingxian 74, coded as W0). W4 showed a higher Cd translocation from roots to shoots than W0. Using chromosome single segment substitution lines derived from the two cultivars, we mapped a quantitative trait locus for Cd accumulation in grain to a 400 kb region in chromosome 7. Using yeast expression assays and transgenic complementation, we identified OsHMA3 as the causal gene at this locus. Compared with OsHMA3W0, OsHMA3W4 has a deletion of 14 amino acids predicted to be in the ATP binding domain. OsHMA3W4 showed a complete loss of transport activity for Cd in yeast assays. Taking our findings together, we have identified a new allele of OsHMA3 with a total loss-of-function, resulting in greatly elevated Cd translocation to rice shoots and grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqing Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dikun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongfu Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guiquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Peng Y, Zou T, Li L, Tang S, Li Q, Zhang J, Chen Y, Wang X, Yang G, Hu Y. Map-Based Cloning and Functional Analysis of YE1 in Rice, Which Is Involved in Light-Dependent Chlorophyll Biogenesis and Photoperiodic Flowering Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E758. [PMID: 30754644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Light is one of the most important environmental factors that affect many aspects of plant growth, including chlorophyll (Chl) synthesis and flowering time. Here, we identified a rice mutant, yellow leaf and early flowering (ye1), and characterized the gene YE1 by using a map-based cloning method. YE1 encodes a heme oxygenase, which is localized to the chloroplasts. YE1 is expressed in various green tissues, especially in leaves, with a diurnal-rhythmic expression pattern, and its transcripts is also induced by light during leaf-greening. The mutant displays decreased Chl contents with less and disorderly thylakoid lamellar layers in chloroplasts, which reduced the photosynthesis rate. The early flowering phenotype of ye1 was not photoperiod-sensitive. Furthermore, the expression levels of Chl biosynthetic genes were downregulated in ye1 seedlings during de-etiolation responses to light. We also found that rhythmic expression patterns of genes involved in photoperiodic flowering were altered in the mutant. Based on these results, we infer that YE1 plays an important role in light-dependent Chl biogenesis as well as photoperiodic flowering pathway in rice.
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Peng P, Gao Y, Li Z, Yu Y, Qin H, Guo Y, Huang R, Wang J. Proteomic Analysis of a Rice Mutant sd58 Possessing a Novel d1 Allele of Heterotrimeric G Protein Alpha Subunit (RGA1) in Salt Stress with a Focus on ROS Scavenging. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E167. [PMID: 30621186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High salinity severely restrains plant growth and results in decrease of crop yield in agricultural production. Thus, it is of great significance to discover the crucial regulators involved in plant salt resistance. Here, we report a novel mutant, sd58, which displays enhanced salt tolerance and dwarf phenotype, by screening from ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenized rice mutant library. Genetic analysis showed that sd58 was caused by a single recessive locus. Map-based cloning and allelic test revealed that the phenotypes of sd58 were due to the mutation of RGA1, encoding the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G protein (Gα). A point mutation (G to A) was identified at the splicing site (GT-AG) of the first intron in RGA1, which gives rise to the generation of abnormal mRNA splicing forms. Furthermore, 332 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified by using an Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation(iTRAQ)-based proteomic technique from seedlings of sd58 and Kitaake in response to salt treatment. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed these proteins were mainly involved in regulation of the processes such as metabolic pathways, photosynthesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Under salt stress, sd58 displayed lower ROS accumulation than Kitaake, which is consistent with the higher enzyme activities involved in ROS scavenging. Taken together, we propose that RGA1 is one of the regulators in salt response partially through ROS scavenging, which might be helpful in elucidating salt tolerant mechanisms of heterotrimeric G protein in rice.
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Chen C, Xiao L, Li X, Du D. Comparative Mapping Combined With Map-Based Cloning of the Brassica juncea Genome Reveals a Candidate Gene for Multilocular Rapeseed. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:1744. [PMID: 30542363 PMCID: PMC6277901 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multilocular traits exist in a variety of plants and exert important effects on plant yield. Previous genetic studies have shown that multilocular trait of the Brassica juncea cultivar Duoshi is controlled by two recessive genes, Bjln1 and Bjln2. In previous studies, the Bjln1 gene is located on chromosome A07, and the Bjln1 candidate gene is BjuA07.CLV1. In this study, a BC4 mapping population for the Bjln2 gene was generated. This population was used to construct genetic linkage maps of the Bjln2 gene using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), intron length polymorphism (IP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) methodology. The results showed that the Bjln2 gene was restricted to a 0.63 cM interval. BLAST alignment with B. juncea revealed the Bjln2 gene was located within a 11.81-16.65 Mb region on chromosome B07. Moreover, the candidate gene BjuB07.CLV1 (equivalent to Bjln2) was cloned by comparing mapping and map-based cloning, and BjuB07.CLV1 gene was shown to have the ability to restore the bilocular traits in a genetic complementation experiment. The sequencing revealed that a 4961 bp insertion interrupted the coding sequence of the BjuB07.CLV1 gene, resulting in an increase in locule number. Expression analysis revealed that BjuB07.CLV1 was expressed in all tissues and the expression level in bilocular plants was significantly higher than that in multilocular plants. In addition, markers closely linked to the Bjln2 gene were developed and used for molecular marker-assisted breeding of multilocular traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dezhi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture of Qinghai University, Key Laboratory of Spring Rape Genetic Improvement of Qinghai Province, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Innovation and Utilization of Plateau Crop Germplasm, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University, Xining, China
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Yang L, Liu H, Zhao J, Pan Y, Cheng S, Lietzow CD, Wen C, Zhang X, Weng Y. LITTLELEAF (LL) encodes a WD40 repeat domain-containing protein associated with organ size variation in cucumber. Plant J 2018; 95:834-847. [PMID: 29901823 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants employ tight genetic control to integrate intrinsic growth signals and environmental cues to enable organs to grow to a defined size. Many genes contributing to cell proliferation and/or cell expansion, and consequently organ size control, have been identified, but the regulatory pathways are poorly understood. Here we have characterized a cucumber littleleaf (ll) mutant which exhibits smaller organ sizes but more lateral branches than the wild type. The small organ size in ll was due to a reduction of both cell number and cell size. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses revealed co-localization of major-effect QTLs for fruit size, fruit and seed weight, as well as number of lateral branches, with the LL locus indicating pleiotropic effects of the ll mutation. We demonstrate that LL is an ortholog of Arabidopsis STERILE APETALA (SAP) encoding a WD40 repeat domain-containing protein; the mutant protein differed from the wild type by a single amino acid substitution (W264G) in the second WD40 repeat. W264 was conserved in 34 vascular plant genomes examined. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that LL originated before the emergence of flowering plants but was lost in the grass genome lineage. The function of LL in organ size control was confirmed by its overexpression in transgenic cucumbers and ectopic expression in Arabidopsis. Transcriptome profiling in LL and ll bulks revealed a complex regulatory network for LL-mediated organ size variation that involves several known organ size regulators and associated pathways. The data support LL as an important player in organ size control and lateral branch development in cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luming Yang
- Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hanqiang Liu
- Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jianyu Zhao
- Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yupeng Pan
- Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Siyuan Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Calvin D Lietzow
- Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Changlong Wen
- Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center and National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yiqun Weng
- Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- USDA-ARS, Vegetable Crops Research Unit, 1575 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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Jiang R, Li J, Tian Z, Du J, Armstrong M, Baker K, Tze-Yin Lim J, Vossen JH, He H, Portal L, Zhou J, Bonierbale M, Hein I, Lindqvist-Kreuze H, Xie C. Potato late blight field resistance from QTL dPI09c is conferred by the NB-LRR gene R8. J Exp Bot 2018; 69:1545-1555. [PMID: 29385612 PMCID: PMC5889011 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Following the often short-lived protection that major nucleotide binding, leucine-rich-repeat (NB-LRR) resistance genes offer against the potato pathogen Phytophthora infestans, field resistance was thought to provide a more durable alternative to prevent late blight disease. We previously identified the QTL dPI09c on potato chromosome 9 as a more durable field resistance source against late blight. Here, the resistance QTL was fine-mapped to a 186 kb region. The interval corresponds to a larger, 389 kb, genomic region in the potato reference genome of Solanum tuberosum Group Phureja doubled monoploid clone DM1-3 (DM) and from which functional NB-LRRs R8, R9a, Rpi-moc1, and Rpi_vnt1 have arisen independently in wild species. dRenSeq analysis of parental clones alongside resistant and susceptible bulks of the segregating population B3C1HP showed full sequence representation of R8. This was independently validated using long-range PCR and screening of a bespoke bacterial artificial chromosome library. The latter enabled a comparative analysis of the sequence variation in this locus in diverse Solanaceae. We reveal for the first time that broad spectrum and durable field resistance against P. infestans is conferred by the NB-LRR gene R8, which is thought to provide narrow spectrum race-specific resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Wuhan, China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingcai Li
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Wuhan, China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Huanggang Normal College, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Zhendong Tian
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Du
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Miles Armstrong
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, Scotland, UK
- The University of Dundee, Division of Plant Sciences at the James Hutton Institute, Dundee, UK
| | - Katie Baker
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, Scotland, UK
- The University of Dundee, Division of Plant Sciences at the James Hutton Institute, Dundee, UK
| | - Joanne Tze-Yin Lim
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, Scotland, UK
- The University of Dundee, Division of Plant Sciences at the James Hutton Institute, Dundee, UK
| | - Jack H Vossen
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Huan He
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Wuhan, China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Ingo Hein
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, Scotland, UK
- The University of Dundee, Division of Plant Sciences at the James Hutton Institute, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Conghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Wuhan, China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Wang L, Wang X, Xu W, Gao X, Liu B. Mapping and Functional Analysis of a Maize Silkless Mutant sk-A7110. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:1227. [PMID: 30186299 PMCID: PMC6111845 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The maize (Zea mays) stigma, which is commonly known as silk, is indispensable for reproduction and thus for grain yield. Here, we isolated a spontaneous mutant sk-A7110, which completely lacks silk; scanning electron microscopy showed that the sk-A7110 pistils degenerated during late floret differentiation. Genetic analysis confirmed that this trait was controlled by a recessive nuclear gene and sk-A7110 was mapped to a 74.13-kb region on chromosome 2 between the simple sequence repeat markers LA714 and L277. Sequence analysis of candidate genes in this interval identified a single-nucleotide insertion at position 569 downstream of the transcriptional start site in Zm00001d002970, which encodes a UDP-glycosyltransferase; this insertion produces a frameshift and premature translational termination. RNA-sequencing analysis of young ears identified 258 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between sk-A7110 and the wild type (WT), including 119 up- and 139 down-regulated genes. Interestingly, most DEGs related to jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis were up-regulated in the mutant compared to WT. Consistent with this, the JA and JA-Isoleucine (JA-Ile) contents were significantly higher in sk-A7110 ears than in WT. At the same time, RNA-sequencing analysis of tassels showed that sk-A7110 could reduce the number of tassel branches in maize by down-regulating the expression of UB2 and UB3 genes. Our identification of the sk-A7110 mutant and the responsible gene will facilitate further studies on female infertility research or maize breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yongzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Yanzhou, Jining, China
| | - Xueran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Xianyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Baoshen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Baoshen Liu,
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Wu H, Tian Y, Wan Q, Fang L, Guan X, Chen J, Hu Y, Ye W, Zhang H, Guo W, Chen X, Zhang T. Genetics and evolution of MIXTA genes regulating cotton lint fiber development. New Phytol 2018; 217:883-895. [PMID: 29034968 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cotton, with cellulose-enriched mature fibers, is the largest source of natural textiles. Through a map-based cloning strategy, we isolated an industrially important lint fiber development gene (Li3 ) that encodes an MYB-MIXTA-like transcription factor (MML) on chromosome D12 (GhMML4_D12). Virus-induced gene silencing or decreasing the expression of the GhMML4_D12 gene in n2 NSM plants resulted in a significant reduction in epidermal cell prominence and lint fiber production. GhMML4_D12 is arranged in tandem with GhMML3, another MIXTA gene responsible for fuzz fiber development. These two very closely related MIXTA genes direct fiber initiation production in two specialized cell forms: lint and fuzz fibers. They may control the same metabolic pathways in different cell types. The MIXTAs expanded in Malvaceae during their evolution and produced a Malvaceae-specific family that regulates epidermal cell differentiation, different from the gene family that regulates leaf hair trichome development. Cotton has developed a unique transcriptional regulatory network for fiber development. Characterization of target genes regulating fiber production has provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying cotton fiber development and has allowed the use of genetic engineering to increase lint yield by inducing more epidermal cells to develop into lint rather than fuzz fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaitong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R&D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yue Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R&D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R&D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R&D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Xueying Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R&D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Jiedan Chen
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Yan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R&D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Wenxue Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R&D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R&D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wangzhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R&D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoya Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, National Plant Gene Research Center, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Hybrid R&D Engineering Center (the Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
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Zhou Q, Zhang Z, Liu T, Gao B, Xiong X. Identification and Map-Based Cloning of the Light-Induced Lesion Mimic Mutant 1 ( LIL1) Gene in Rice. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:2122. [PMID: 29312386 PMCID: PMC5742160 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The hypersensitive response (HR) is a mechanism by which plants prevent the spread of pathogen. Despite extensive study, the molecular mechanisms underlying HR remain poorly understood. Lesion mimic mutants (LMMs), such as LIL1 that was identified in an ethylmethane sulfonate mutagenized population of Indica rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. Indica) 93-11, can be used to study the HR. Under natural field conditions, the leaves of LIL1 mutant plants exhibited light-induced, small, rust-red lesions that first appeared at the leaf tips and subsequently expanded throughout the entire leaf blade to the leaf sheath. Histochemical staining indicated that LIL1 lesions displayed an abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and resulted from programmed cell death (PCD). The LIL1 mutants also displayed increased expression of defense-related genes and enhanced resistance to rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea). Genetic analysis showed that mutation of LIL1 created a semi-dominant allele. Using 1,758 individuals in the F2 population, LIL1 was mapped in a 222.3 kb region on the long arm of chromosome 7. That contains 12 predicted open reading frames (ORFs). Sequence analysis of these 12 candidate genes revealed a G to A base substitution in the fourth exon of LOC_Os07g30510, a putative cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase (CRK), which led to an amino acid change (Val 429 to Ile) in the LIL1 protein. Comparison of the transcript accumulation of the 12 candidate genes between LIL1 and 93-11 revealed that LOC_Os07g30510 was up-regulated significantly in LIL1. Overexpression of the LOC_Os07g30510 gene from LIL1 induced a LIL1-like lesion phenotype in Nipponbare. Thus, LIL1 is a novel LMM in rice that will facilitate the further study of the molecular mechanisms of HR and the rice blast resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Crop, Changsha, China
| | - Zhifei Zhang
- Agricultural College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Bida Gao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingyao Xiong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Crop, Changsha, China
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Liu Z, Dong F, Wang X, Wang T, Su R, Hong D, Yang G. A pentatricopeptide repeat protein restores nap cytoplasmic male sterility in Brassica napus. J Exp Bot 2017; 68:4115-4123. [PMID: 28922764 PMCID: PMC5853434 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Two forms of male-sterile cytoplasm, designated nap and pol, are found in the oilseed rape species, Brassica napus. The nap cytoplasm is observed in most B. napus varieties, and it confers male sterility on a limited number of cultivars that lack the corresponding restorer gene, Rfn. In the present study, using linkage analysis in combination with 5652 BC1 progeny derived from a cross between a nap cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line 181A and a restorer line H5, we delimited the Rfn gene to a 10.5 kb region on chromosome A09, which contained three putative ORFs. Complementation by transformation rescue revealed that the introduction of ORF2, which encodes a pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein, resulted in the recovery of fertility of nap CMS plants. Expression analysis suggested that the Rfn was highly expressed in flower buds and it was preferentially expressed in the tapetum and meiocytes during anther development. Further RNA gel blots and immunodetection suggested that the Rfn gene may play a complicated role in restoring the nap CMS. Our work laid the foundation for dissecting the molecular basis of CMS fertility restoration and the nuclear-mitochondrial interactions in CMS/Rf systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- National Research Center of Rapeseed Engineering and Technology, National Rapeseed Genetic Improvement Center (Wuhan Branch), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Faming Dong
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- National Research Center of Rapeseed Engineering and Technology, National Rapeseed Genetic Improvement Center (Wuhan Branch), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Rui Su
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Dengfeng Hong
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- National Research Center of Rapeseed Engineering and Technology, National Rapeseed Genetic Improvement Center (Wuhan Branch), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Guangsheng Yang
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- National Research Center of Rapeseed Engineering and Technology, National Rapeseed Genetic Improvement Center (Wuhan Branch), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- Correspondence:
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Li Q, Shen W, Zheng Q, Tan Y, Gao J, Shen J, Wei Y, Kunst L, Zou J. Effects of eIFiso4G1 mutation on seed oil biosynthesis. Plant J 2017; 90:966-978. [PMID: 28244172 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid biosynthesis is a primary metabolic pathway that occurs in plastids, whereas the formation of glycerolipid molecules for the majority of cellular membrane systems and the deposition of storage lipid in seeds takes place in the cytosolic compartment. In this report, we present a study of an Arabidopsis mutant, ar21, with a novel seed fatty acid phenotype showing higher contents of eicosanoic acid (20:1) and oleic acid (18:1) and a reduced level of α-linolenic acid (18:3). A combination of map-based cloning and whole-genome sequencing identified the genetic basis underlying the fatty acid phenotype as a lesion in the plant-specific eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIFiso4G1. Transcriptome analysis on developing seeds revealed a reduced level of plastid-encoded genes. Specifically, decreases in both transcript and protein levels of an enzyme involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, the β-subunit of the plastidic heteromeric acetyl-CoA carboxylase (htACCase) encoded by accD, were evident in the mutant. Biochemical assays showed that the developing seeds of the mutant possessed a decreased htACCase activity in the plastid but an elevated activity of homomeric acetyl-CoA carboxylase (hmACCase). These results suggested that the increased 20:1 was attributable at least in part to the enhanced cytosolic hmACCase activity. We also detected a significant repression of FATTY ACID DESATURASE 3 (FAD3) during seed development, which correlated with a decreased 18:3 level in seed oil. Together, our study on a mutant of eIFiso4G1 uncovered multifaceted interactions between the cytosolic and plastidic compartments in seed lipid biosynthesis that impact major seed oil traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0W9, Canada
- Department of Plant Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Wenyun Shen
- National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Qian Zheng
- National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Yifang Tan
- National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Jie Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizi Shan Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizi Shan Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yangdou Wei
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Ljerka Kunst
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jitao Zou
- National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0W9, Canada
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Naito K, Takahashi Y, Chaitieng B, Hirano K, Kaga A, Takagi K, Ogiso-Tanaka E, Thavarasook C, Ishimoto M, Tomooka N. Multiple organ gigantism caused by mutation in VmPPD gene in blackgram ( Vigna mungo). Breed Sci 2017; 67:151-158. [PMID: 28588392 PMCID: PMC5445970 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.16184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Seed size is one of the most important traits in leguminous crops. We obtained a recessive mutant of blackgram that had greatly enlarged leaves, stems and seeds. The mutant produced 100% bigger leaves, 50% more biomass and 70% larger seeds though it produced 40% less number of seeds. We designated the mutant as multiple-organ-gigantism (mog) and found the mog phenotype was due to increase in cell numbers but not in cell size. We also found the mog mutant showed a rippled leaf (rl) phenotype, which was probably caused by a pleiotropic effect of the mutation. We performed a map-based cloning and successfully identified an 8 bp deletion in the coding sequence of VmPPD gene, an orthologue of Arabidopsis PEAPOD (PPD) that regulates arrest of cell divisions in meristematic cells. We found no other mutations in the neighboring genes between the mutant and the wild type. We also knocked down GmPPD genes and reproduced both the mog and rl phenotypes in soybean. Controlling PPD genes to produce the mog phenotype is highly valuable for breeding since larger seed size could directly increase the commercial values of grain legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Naito
- Genetic Resource Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization),
2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602,
Japan
- Corresponding author (e-mail: )
| | - Yu Takahashi
- Genetic Resource Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization),
2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602,
Japan
| | - Bubpa Chaitieng
- Department of Agriculture, Ubon Ratchathani University,
Warin Chamrap, Ubon Ratchathani 34190,
Thailand
| | - Kumi Hirano
- Department of International Agricultural Development, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Agriculture,
1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-0054,
Japan
| | - Akito Kaga
- Genetic Resource Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization),
2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602,
Japan
| | - Kyoko Takagi
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO,
50 Harajukuminami, Arai, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-2156,
Japan
| | - Eri Ogiso-Tanaka
- Institute of Crop Science, NARO,
2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602,
Japan
| | - Charaspon Thavarasook
- Department of Agriculture, Chai Nat Field Crops Research Center,
Chai Nat 17000,
Thailand
| | - Masao Ishimoto
- Institute of Crop Science, NARO,
2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602,
Japan
| | - Norihiko Tomooka
- Genetic Resource Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization),
2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602,
Japan
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Miao H, Zhang S, Wang M, Wang Y, Weng Y, Gu X. Fine Mapping of Virescent Leaf Gene v-1 in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101602. [PMID: 27669214 PMCID: PMC5085635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf color mutants are common in higher plants that can be used as markers in crop breeding or as an important tool in understanding regulatory mechanisms in chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development. In virescent leaf mutants, young leaves are yellow in color, which gradually return to normal green when the seedlings grow large. In the present study, we conducted phenotypic characterization and genetic mapping of the cucumber virescent leaf mutant 9110Gt conferred by the v-1 locus. Total chlorophyll and carotenoid content in 9110Gt was reduced by 44% and 21%, respectively, as compared with its wild type parental line 9110G. Electron microscopic investigation revealed fewer chloroplasts per cell and thylakoids per chloroplast in 9110Gt than in 9110G. Fine genetic mapping allowed for the assignment of the v-1 locus to a 50.4 kb genomic DNA region in chromosome 6 with two flanking markers that were 0.14 and 0.16 cM away from v-1, respectively. Multiple lines of evidence supported CsaCNGCs as the only candidate gene for the v-1 locus, which encoded a cyclic-nucleotide-gated ion channel protein. A single nucleotide change in the promoter region of v-1 seemed to be associated with the virescent color change in 9110Gt. Real-time PCR revealed significantly lower expression of CsaCNGCs in the true leaves of 9110Gt than in 9110G. This was the first report that connected the CsaCNGCs gene to virescent leaf color change, which provided a useful tool to establish linkages among virescent leaf color change, chloroplast development, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and the functions of the CsaCNGCs gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Miao
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- USDA-ARS Vegetable Crops Research Unit, Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Shengping Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Ye Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yiqun Weng
- USDA-ARS Vegetable Crops Research Unit, Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Xingfang Gu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Wang Y, Zhang J, Shi X, Peng Y, Li P, Lin D, Dong Y, Teng S. Temperature-sensitive albino gene TCD5, encoding a monooxygenase, affects chloroplast development at low temperatures. J Exp Bot 2016; 67:5187-202. [PMID: 27531886 PMCID: PMC5014166 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts are essential for photosynthesis and play critical roles in plant development. In this study, we characterized the temperature-sensitive chlorophyll-deficient rice mutant tcd5, which develops albino leaves at low temperatures (20 °C) and normal green leaves at high temperatures (32 °C). The development of chloroplasts and etioplasts is impaired in tcd5 plants at 20 °C, and the temperature-sensitive period for the albino phenotype is the P4 stage of leaf development. The development of thylakoid membranes is arrested at the mid-P4 stage in tcd5 plants at 20 °C. We performed positional cloning of TCD5 and then complementation and knock-down experiments, and the results showed that the transcript LOC_Os05g34040.1 from the LOC_Os05g34040 gene corresponded to the tcd5 phenotype. TCD5 encodes a conserved plastid-targeted monooxygenase family protein which has not been previously reported associated with a temperature-sensitive albino phenotype in plants. TCD5 is abundantly expressed in young leaves and immature spikes, and low temperatures increased this expression. The transcription of some genes involved in plastid transcription/translation and photosynthesis varied in the tcd5 mutant. Although the phenotype and temperature dependence of the TCD5 orthologous mutant phenotype were different in rice and Arabidopsis, OsTCD5 could rescue the phenotype of the Arabidopsis mutant, suggesting that TCD5 function is conserved between monocots and dicots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Wang
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xiaoliang Shi
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ping Li
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dongzhi Lin
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yanjun Dong
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Sheng Teng
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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