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Fan YM, Jin J, Jian JY, Gu W, Yuan CM, Hu ZX, Hao XJ, Huang LJ. Three New Pregnanes Isolated from the Cynanchum auriculatum. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200243. [PMID: 35560497 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Three new compounds named cynansteroid A (1), cynansteroid B (2) and cynansteroid C (3), together with nine known C21 -steroidal pregnane sapogenins (4-12) were isolated from the hydrolytic extract of the roots of Cynanchum auriculatum. The structures of cynansteroid A-C (1-3) were ascertained via the detailed analysis of the HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, and the calculated and experimental ECD data of cynansteroid B (2). Compound 11 displayed moderate inhibitory activity toward Verticillium dahliae Kleb (IC50 =37.15 μM), furthermore, compounds 11 and 12 showed significant inhibitory activity against Phomopsis sp. (IC50 =16.49 μM and 17.62 μM, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Jun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Jun-You Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Wei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Mao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Lie-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
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Wang L, Cai F, Zhao W, Tian J, Kong D, Sun X, Liu Q, Chen Y, An Y, Wang F, Liu X, Wu Y, Zhou H. Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight., Cynanchum bungei Decne. and Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsl.: Current Research and Prospects. Molecules 2021; 26:7065. [PMID: 34885647 PMCID: PMC8658831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight. (CA), Cynanchum bungei Decne. (CB) and Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsl. (CW) are three close species belonging to the Asclepiadaceous family, and their dry roots as the bioactive part have been revealed to exhibit anti-tumor, neuroprotection, organ protection, reducing liver lipid and blood lipid, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and other activities. Until 2021, phytochemistry investigations have uncovered 232 compounds isolated from three species, which could be classified into C21-steroids, acetophenones, terpenoids, and alkaloids. In this review, the morphology characteristics, species identification, and the relationship of botany, extraction, and the separation of chemical constituents, along with the molecular mechanism and pharmacokinetics of bioactive constituents of three species, are summarized for the first time, and their phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical safety are also updated. Moreover, the direction and limitation of current research on three species is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Fujie Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Jinli Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Degang Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yueru Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Ying An
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Fulin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xue Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Honglei Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
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Su C, Li H, Chen B, Li C, Zhang C, Xu L, Lan M, Shen Y. Pharmacological effects of Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn. extracts on gastrointestinal motility are partially mediated by quercetin. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:223. [PMID: 34479558 PMCID: PMC8417984 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of global population suffer from various functional gastrointestinal disorders. Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn. (PCG) is used to relieve indigestive symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine. However, little is known about the effects of bioactive components from PCG extracts on gastrointestinal motility. METHODS Crude ethanol extract of PCG (EEP) was prepared from Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn. Different solvents were used to prepare fine extracts from EEP, including water extract of PCG (WEP), petroleum ether extract of PCG (PEEP), dichloromethane extract of PCG (DEP) and ethyl acetate extract of PCG (EAEP). Smooth muscle cell model and colonic smooth muscle stripe model were used to test the bioactive effects and mechanisms of different PCG extracts on contraction and relaxation. Diverse chromatographic methods were used to identify bioactive substances from PCG extracts. RESULTS EEP was found to promote the relaxation of gastric smooth muscle cell and inhibit the contraction of colonic smooth muscle strip. Among the fractions of EEP, EAEP mainly mediated the relaxation effect by stimulating intracellular calcium influx. Further evidences revealed that EAEP was antagonistic to acetylcholine. In addition, COX and NO-GC-PKC pathways may be also involved in EAEP-mediated relaxation effect. Quercetin was identified as a bioactive compound from PCG extract for the relaxation effect. CONCLUSION Our research supports the notion that PCG extracts promote relaxation and inhibits contraction of gastrointestinal smooth muscle at least partially through the effect from quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chencan Su
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Avenue, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Avenue, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Avenue, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Avenue, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Avenue, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Long Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mei Lan
- Digestive Internal Medicine Department, Shaoxing Paojiang Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yehua Shen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Avenue, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China.
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Bailly C. Anticancer properties of caudatin and related C-21 steroidal glycosides from Cynanchum plants. Steroids 2021; 172:108855. [PMID: 33945800 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Numerous C-21 steroidal glycosides have been isolated from Cynanchum plants. Many of them derive from the aglycone caudatin (CDT) which includes a tetracyclic deacylmetaplexigenin unit and an ikemaoyl ester side chain. CDT can be found in diverse traditional medicines, such as Baishouwu radix used to treat gastro-intestinal disorders. The compound has revealed marked anticancer properties, reviewed here. CDT and its mono-glycoside analogue CDMC display antiproliferative activities against different cancer cell lines in vitro and have revealed significant anticancer effects in tumor xenograft models in vivo. Their mechanism of action is multifactorial, implicating several signaling pathways (Wnt/GSK3/β-catenin, TRAIL/DR5/ER and TNFAIP1/NFκB) which contribute to the antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, antimetastatic and proapoptotic effects of the natural products. CDT also modulates DNA replication, is antioxidant and targets some cancer stem cells. CDT and CDMC are interesting anticancer products, while other CDT glycoside derivatives display antiviral and antifungal activities. Altogether, the present review provides a survey of the pharmacological profiles of CDT and derivatives. The lack of knowledge about the molecular targets of CDT currently limits drug development but the natural product, orally active, warrants further pharmacology and toxicology studies.
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Nabih S, Hassn SS. Nonchemical integration of Au/Ag-based reduced graphene nanohybrid combined with 5-Fluorouracil drug to treat cancer cells. Life Sci 2021; 272:119262. [PMID: 33639151 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The perpetual lack of advanced strategies to prevent aggressive breast cancer with multiple categories represents challenging scientific society problems. Reduced graphene oxide- can treat disease, which was recently investigated due to its ability to induce apoptosis-based death. This research tested the chemotherapeutics in vitro efficacy of reduced graphene oxide embedded with gold and silver nanoparticles toward drug-sensitive breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and their cytotoxicity. Synthesis of the Au-Ag/rGO-5FU nanocomposites has been conducted using a wet chemical approach with chitosan aid as a pore directing and capping agent. The particle structure and morphology well characterized using different systems. HR-TEM shows a narrow-sized distribution of less than 100 nm, which is proper for cell membranes and medical use. The physical combination of the nanocomposite and 5-FU drug has been conducted mechanically using wet chemistry. The Au/Ag/rGO-5FU material's high activity enables it to produce reactive oxygen radicals, which display a potential against MCF-7 cell lines. All the results, including those obtained via cytometry, use the combination of Au/Ag/rGO-5FU to show a more substantial anticancer influence and more drug stability than pure 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Nabih
- Basic Science Departments, Modern Academy for Engineering and Technology, Maadi, Egypt.
| | - Shaymaa Sherif Hassn
- Basic Science Departments, Modern Academy for Engineering and Technology, Maadi, Egypt
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