1
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Makboul A, El-Mahdy WT, Temerik DF. Detection of ABL1 deletion without BCR-ABL rearrangement in ETP-ALL. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2024; 46:462-464. [PMID: 35365438 PMCID: PMC11451352 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Makboul
- South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | | | - Doaa F Temerik
- South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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2
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Jiang Y, Zhang J, Guo D, Zhang C, Hong L, Huang H, Liu H. Entire ABL1 Gene Deletion Without BCR/ABL1 Rearrangement in a Female Patient with B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:783-790. [PMID: 32158229 PMCID: PMC6986541 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s238336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disease characterized by lymphocytic B-line or T-line cells abnormally proliferating in the bone marrow or extramedullary sites. BCR/ABL1 fusion protein in patients with ALL accounts for acts in 15-30% of B-lineage ALL cases, usually in adolescence. However, entire ABL1 gene deletion without BCR/ABL1 rearrangement is a rare phenomenon in ALL patients. Here we describe the first case of entire ABL1 gene deletion without BCR/ABL1 rearrangement in a female B-ALL patient. Relevant literature is reviewed to explain the association between ABL1 deletion and the pathogenesis/prognosis of this disease. ABL gene deletion can repress the activation of p53 and p73, and disrupt TGF-β signaling pathway to allow malignant cells to invade the normal tissue. The clinical significance of ABL gene deletion needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226361, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenlu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lemin Hong
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongming Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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3
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Jeon Y, Kim SY, Kim M, Park HK, Lee SH, See CJ, Kwon J, Lee DS. Fluorescence in situ hybridization panel for monitoring of minimal residual disease in patients with double minute chromosomes. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2013; 52:208-13. [PMID: 24211232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A double minute chromosome (dmin) is a small fragment of extrachromosomal DNA bearing amplified genes observed in malignancies. We investigated the incidence and characteristics of dmins in hematologic malignancies, and the quantitative changes during the treatment follow-up. Once a dmin was observed in conventional G-banding, it was characterized using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with the panel of MYC, NMYC, and MLL probes. Quantitative changes of malignant cells were measured using G-banding and FISH during the follow up. Dmins were observed in 1.23% of patients (6/489) at the initial diagnosis including 4 with MYC amplification, 1 with MLL and 1 with NMYC. All 6 had complex karyotypes and showed short overall survival (7.7 months). In follow-up specimens, FISH detected dmins in 11 cases out of which G-banding detected dmins in 9 cases. The number of dmins detected by FISH and G-banding did not correlate well. Amplification of NMYC in dmins is reported for the first time. A FISH panel composed of frequently amplified oncogenes (MYC, NMYC, and MLL) in dmins is useful for characterization of dmins. FISH is a sensitive method in detecting dmins and will be useful in monitoring of the minimal residual disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbum Jeon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Young Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Medical Science Institute, 7-14 Dongbinggo-dong Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-809, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Cha Ja See
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseok Kwon
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Soon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Lu X, Wang X, Kim Y, Zhang R, Li S, Lee JY. Acquired genomic copy number changes in CML patients with the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph+). Cancer Genet 2012; 205:513-8. [PMID: 23036696 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene; this fusion gene is usually a consequence of the Philadelphia (Ph(+)) chromosome, which results from the t(9;22)(q34;q11.2). Patients newly diagnosed with CML are routinely treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors; however, the clinical course of the disease can vary, and this variance may be associated with genetic heterogeneity. Array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) technology is a powerful tool for identifying subtle genomic segmental alterations, which can result from either losses or gains of chromosomal material. These changes may reveal the presence of genes that play important roles in disease initiation or progression or in treatment outcomes. To investigate whether subtle somatic copy number changes (CNCs) are commonly present in CML patients, a pilot study of 19 patients with the Ph(+) chromosome, but who were negative for common secondary chromosomal anomalies [+der(22), +8, i(17q), and +19], was conducted using a high-density whole genomic oligonucleotide array CGH analysis. Four of the 19 cases had somatic segmental CNCs, including the loss of 9q34, 15q25.3, and 15q13 and a gain of 7p21.1-p15.3. The findings demonstrate that subtle genomic changes are relatively common in CML patients with a Ph(+) chromosome and that the clinical significance of these findings, especially the newly discovered regions, must be determined in large patient population studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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5
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Bennour A, Ouahchi I, Ben Youssef Y, Zaier M, Laatiri MA, Harrabi I, Meddeb B, Elloumi M, Khelif A, Saad A, Sennana H. Molecular cytogenetic study of derivative chromosome 9 deletion in chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Med Oncol 2011; 29:1151-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-9918-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Suh B, Song J, Kim J, Park TS, Choi JR. Constitutional Pericentric Inversion 9 in Korean Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia. Ann Lab Med 2010; 30:218-23. [DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2010.30.3.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Borum Suh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaewoo Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juwon Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Sung Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Rak Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Kim MJ, Yoon HS, Lim G, Kim SY, Lee HJ, Suh JT, Lee J, Lee WI, Park TS. ABL1 gene deletion without BCR/ABL1 rearrangement in a young adolescent with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: clinical study and literature review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 196:184-8. [PMID: 20082857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2009.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Revised: 08/25/2009] [Accepted: 09/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Entire ABL1 gene deletion without BCR/ABL1 rearrangement is a rare phenomenon, with only four cases previously reported. Here we describe a fifth case of ABL1 deletion without BCR/ABL1 rearrangement in an adolescent patient with precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and review the relevant literature. It is not clear how ABL1 deletion affects leukemogenesis; however, it is plausible that ABL1 deletion without BCR/ABL1 rearrangement is a rare but recurrent genetic abnormality in precursor B-ALL patients. Further studies are needed to evaluate the extent of the submicroscopic defects in chromosome 9 including ABL1 gene deletion, as well as treatment response and prognosis in long-term follow-up of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-702, Korea
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8
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Hughes TP, Branford S. Measuring Minimal Residual Disease in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Polymerase Chain Reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 9 Suppl 3:S266-71. [DOI: 10.3816/clm.2009.s.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Lo A, Gu G, Liu M, Dev VG. ABL deletion without associated BCR-ABL in precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Res 2009; 33:e98-103. [PMID: 19282030 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2008] [Revised: 01/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Steinemann D, Cario G, Stanulla M, Karawajew L, Tauscher M, Weigmann A, Göhring G, Ludwig WD, Harbott J, Radlwimmer B, Bartram C, Lichter P, Schrappe M, Schlegelberger B. Copy number alterations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and their association with minimal residual disease. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2008; 47:471-80. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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11
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Richebourg S, Eclache V, Perot C, Portnoi MF, Van den Akker J, Terré C, Maareck O, Soenen V, Viguié F, Laï JL, Andrieux J, Corm S, Roche-Lestienne C. Mechanisms of genesis of variant translocation in chronic myeloid leukemia are not correlated with ABL1 or BCR deletion status or response to imatinib therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 182:95-102. [PMID: 18406870 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2008.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2007] [Revised: 12/20/2007] [Accepted: 01/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
MESH Headings
- Benzamides
- Cytogenetic Analysis
- Female
- Gene Deletion
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Male
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Prognosis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcr/genetics
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Retrospective Studies
- Survival Rate
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Richebourg
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hospital Jeanne de Flandre, University Hospital Regional Center-CHRU, Avenue Eugène Avinée, 59037 Lille cedex, France
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12
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Kreil S, Pfirrmann M, Haferlach C, Waghorn K, Chase A, Hehlmann R, Reiter A, Hochhaus A, Cross NCP. Heterogeneous prognostic impact of derivative chromosome 9 deletions in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Blood 2007; 110:1283-90. [PMID: 17456720 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-02-074252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Derivative chromosome 9 deletions are seen in 10% to 15% of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and have been associated with a poor prognosis; however, no studies have been performed in the context of a randomized clinical trial. We developed a DNA-based deletion screen and investigated 339 chronic phase patients treated with interferon-α as first-line therapy in 3 controlled German studies with a median observation time of 7 years. Deletions were detected in pretreatment DNA of 59 of 339 (17%) patients. Of these, 21 spanned the ABL/BCR junction and 38 were centromeric (n = 20) or telomeric (n = 18) of the breakpoint. There was no significant difference in overall survival between deleted and nondeleted patients. Patients with breakpoint-spanning deletions had poorer survival compared with patients without deletions (4.7 versus 7.8 years; P = .003), but this was not significant when censored at allogeneic stem cell transplantation (n = 129) or imatinib (n = 62) treatment in the first chronic phase (P = .078). Unexpectedly, deletions that did not span the breakpoint were associated with improved survival compared with cases without deletions (P = .001). Multiple Cox regression analysis indicated that deletion status (P = .007), age (P = .018), and spleen enlargement (P < .001) were significant independent indicators of survival and confirmed that only deletions spanning the ABL/BCR breakpoint were associated with an adverse prognosis (P = .039).
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Blast Crisis/genetics
- Child
- Chromosome Deletion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Genes, abl/genetics
- Humans
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prognosis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcr/genetics
- Survival Rate
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kreil
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, University of Southampton, Salisbury, United Kingdom
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13
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Moon HW, Chang YH, Kim TY, Oh BR, Min HC, Kim BK, Ahn HS, Cho HI, Lee DS. Incidence of submicroscopic deletions vary according to disease entities and chromosomal translocations in hematologic malignancies: investigation by fluorescence in situ hybridization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 175:166-8. [PMID: 17556074 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2007.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2006] [Revised: 01/19/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Submicroscopic deletions of genes in recurrent chromosomal rearrangements occur frequently in hematologic malignancies, but their incidences have not been reported clearly. We investigated the incidence of submicroscopic deletions and their association with specific genetic rearrangements in various hematologic malignancies. A fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study was conducted in 336 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 223 patients with acute myeloid leukemia, and 79 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. The incidence of submicroscopic deletions in patients with chromosomal rearrangements was the highest in the TEL/AML1 rearrangement (65.0%), followed by BCR/ABL (10.9%), MLL (5.6%), AML/ETO (4.0%), and PML/RARA (0.0%). Submicroscopic deletion was quite common, and incidences were variable according to disease entities and chromosomal translocations. To detect submicroscopic deletions, careful FISH study should be included for the cytogenetic study of hematologic malignancies, and their association with clinical prognosis needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Won Moon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Gorusu M, Benn P, Li Z, Fang M. On the genesis and prognosis of variant translocations in chronic myeloid leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 173:97-106. [PMID: 17321324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2006.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Revised: 10/06/2006] [Accepted: 10/13/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Variant translocations involving 9q, 22q, and at least one additional genomic locus occur in 5-10% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The mechanisms for the formation of these variant translocations are not fully characterized. Studies on the prognosis of these variant translocations revealed conflicting results. In addition, deletions in the derivative chromosome 9 are reportedly more frequent among variant translocation cases. We analyzed cytogenetic and FISH data from 22 CML patients with variant translocations tested at our laboratory. Deletions were observed in 6 of the 14 cases with FISH data available (43%), consistent with the literature and higher than in typical translocation cases (12-15%). Sequential changes of 9q deletions are possible and could be acquired as the disease progresses in addition to simultaneous formation of the Philadelphia chromosome with the deletion. Variant translocation CML patients with a deletion showed a worse cytogenetic response 1 year after therapy than those without a deletion (P < 0.05). Variant translocations may be formed by either a one-step or a two-step mechanism. Proper assessment of the prognostic significance of variant translocations requires better categorization of these translocations based on their mechanisms of genesis and the deletion status.
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MESH Headings
- Chromosome Banding
- Chromosome Deletion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Models, Genetic
- Prognosis
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Gorusu
- Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, MC1614, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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15
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Douet-Guilbert N, Morel F, Quemener S, Maguer A, Le Bris MJ, Morice P, Berthou C, De Braekeleer M. Deletion size characterization of der(9) deletions in Philadelphia-positive chronic myeloid leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 170:89-92. [PMID: 17011977 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2006.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2006] [Accepted: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
About 95% of the CML patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) have a Philadelphia chromosome resulting from a reciprocal translocation between bands 9q34 and 22q11.2 that juxtaposes the 3' region of the ABL gene to the 5' region of BCR. Over the past few years, submicroscopic deletions due to the loss of sequences proximal to chromosome 9 breakpoint or distal to chromosome 22 breakpoint have been found using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Among 150 CML bone marrow samples analyzed by molecular cytogenetics in our laboratory, 11 had a der(9) deletion detectable by FISH (deletion of the 5'ABL region and 3'BCR region in 10 samples and deletion of the 5'ABL region solely in 1 sample). To delineate the size of the deletions, FISH mapping was performed using 22 bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), 11 on either side of the breakpoints, the mean distance between BACs being 0.5 Mb. The deletion size of the 5'ABL region on the der(9) extended from 2 to 5 Mb, the minimal deletion size being localized between BACs RP11-101E3 and RP11-83J21. In two patients, the deletion size of the 3'BCR region was about 500 kb (between RP11-80O7 and RP11-681C06). The poor prognosis associated with these deletions was postulated by several workers to be explained by haploinsufficiency of a tumor suppressor gene. However, in our cases, the hypothetical deletion of one or more tumor suppressor genes is not sufficient to explain the poor response to interferon therapy, but the good response to imatinib treatment. We think that there could be one or more genes coding for interferon receptors or for proteins acting directly or indirectly with these receptors in the deleted regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Douet-Guilbert
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cytogenetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Brest, France
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16
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Kim HS, Cho HC, Kim SH, Moon Y, Nahm CH, Choi JW, Kim JJ. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia with a Variant Philadelphia Translocation: t(11;22)(q25;q11.2). Ann Lab Med 2006; 26:246-8. [DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2006.26.4.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Sung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hyoun Chan Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sungkyunkwan Univerity School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeonsook Moon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Chung Hyun Nahm
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jong Weon Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jin Ju Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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17
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Mark HFL, Sokolic RA, Mark Y. Conventional cytogenetics and FISH in the detection of BCR/ABL fusion in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Exp Mol Pathol 2006; 81:1-7. [PMID: 16729999 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2006.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2006] [Accepted: 03/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
MESH Headings
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Cytogenetic Analysis/methods
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon Fong L Mark
- Cytogenetics Laboratories, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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18
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Lee YK, Kim YR, Min HC, Oh BR, Kim TY, Kim YS, Cho HI, Kim HC, Lee YS, Lee DS. Deletion of any part of the BCR or ABL gene on the derivative chromosome 9 is a poor prognostic marker in chronic myelogenous leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 166:65-73. [PMID: 16616113 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2005.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2005] [Revised: 08/05/2005] [Accepted: 08/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the prognostic significance of submicroscopic deletions of the ABL or BCR gene associated with t(9;22) in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), we investigated the incidence of an ABL or BCR deletion on derivative chromosome 9 using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH was performed using the LSI BCR/ABL dual-fusion translocation probe on bone marrow cells of 86 patients with CML. Of 86 patients, ABL deletion was detected in 13 (15.1%) patients and BCR deletion in 8 patients (9.3%). Patients with ABL deletion showed shorter event-free survival time (EFS) than those without ABL deletion (P = 0.020). Patients with BCR deletion showed significantly short overall survival time (OS; P = 0.039). Patients with ABL and/or BCR deletion (14/86 patients, 16.3%) showed significantly short OS and EFS (median OS, 43.0 months; median EFS, 40.0 months), compared to the patients without any BCR or ABL gene deletions (median OS, 94.0 months; median EFS, 90.0 months; P = 0.041 for OS, P = 0.008 for EFS). All the patients with BCR deletion, except for one, had a concomitant ABL deletion, suggesting that BCR deletion occurs in conjunction with ABL deletion. In patients with ABL deletion only, BCR/ABL rearrangement with b2a2 mRNA type tended to be more frequent than in patients without any deletion of the two genes (P = 0.073). Deletion of any of the BCR or ABL genes on derivative chromosome 9 was associated with both short OS and EFS. We conclude that deletion of not only the ABL gene, but also of the BCR gene, is a poor prognostic marker that indicates rapid disease progression in CML.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Bone Marrow/chemistry
- Bone Marrow/metabolism
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Child
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Disease Progression
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Gene Deletion
- Genes, abl/genetics
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods
- Incidence
- Korea/epidemiology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcr/genetics
- Survival Rate
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, 200-702, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Park J, Kim S, Oh JK, Kim JY, Yoon SS, Lee D, Kim Y. Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Imatinib Mesylate-resistant Chronic Myelogenous Cells. BMB Rep 2005; 38:725-38. [PMID: 16336789 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2005.38.6.725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to imatinib mesylate (also known as Gleevec, Glivec, and STI571) often becomes a barrier to the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). In order to identify markers of the action of imatinib mesylate, we used a mass spectrometry approach to compare protein expression profiles in human leukemia cells (K562) and in imatinib mesylate-resistant human leukemia cells (K562-R) in the presence and absence of imatinib mesylate. We identified 118 differentially regulated proteins in these two leukemia cell-lines, with and without a 1 microM imatinib mesylate challenge. Nine proteins of unknown function were discovered. This is the first comprehensive report regarding differential protein expression in imatinib mesylate-treated CML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungeun Park
- Division of Molecular Genomic Medicine and #Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Yongon-Dong, Seoul 110-799, Korea
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20
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Daly K, Nandula SV, Murty VV, Nichols G. Variant translocation with a deletion of derivative (9q) in a case of Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph +) essential thrombocythemia (ET), a variant of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) with a poor prognosis. Leuk Lymphoma 2005; 46:1801-6. [PMID: 16263584 DOI: 10.1080/10428190500236890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Patients presenting with thrombocytosis require thorough clinical and laboratory evaluation to determine whether they suffer from essential thrombocythemia or another myeloproliferative disorder. This distinction becomes increasingly relevant as targeted agents become available to treat specific myeloproliferative diseases. Cytogenetic testing plays a major role in this analysis. This study presents a patient with Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph + ) thrombocytosis and a cryptic der(9q)t(5;9)t(9;22) not found by conventional cytogenetics, whose disease progressed within 2 years to typical myeloblastic crisis of CML. It discusses the entity of Ph + ET, the utility of molecular cytogenetic testing in the diagnosis of this unusual disease entity and the importance of cytogenetic testing in the prognosis of ET.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22
- Genetic Variation
- Humans
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Male
- Metaphase
- Prognosis
- Thrombocytosis/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- K Daly
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA
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21
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Robinson HM, Martineau M, Harris RL, Barber KE, Jalali GR, Moorman AV, Strefford JC, Broadfield ZJ, Cheung KL, Harrison CJ. Derivative chromosome 9 deletions are a significant feature of childhood Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Leukemia 2005; 19:564-71. [PMID: 15716990 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Deletions from the derivative chromosome 9, der(9), of the translocation, t(9;22)(q34;q11), at the site of the ABL/BCR fusion gene, have been demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH), in both Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). In CML they occur in 10-15% of cases and appear to indicate a worse prognosis, whereas in ALL, the situation is unclear. This study presents the findings of dual fusion FISH used to detect such deletions in a series of 27 BCR/ ABL-positive childhood ALL patients. Metaphase FISH was essential for the accurate interpretation of interphase FISH signal patterns. Three cases (11%) had a single fusion signal, resulting from deletions of the der(9). Three other patients with variant translocations and one with an insertion, also had a single fusion, but with no evidence of deletions. Gain of a fusion in approximately one-third of patients indicated a second Ph, which appears to be a diagnostic marker of Ph-positive ALL. This study shows that the incidence of deletions from the der(9) in childhood ALL is at least as high as that reported for CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Robinson
- Leukaemia Research Fund Cytogenetics Group, Cancer Sciences Division, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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22
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Reid AG, Nacheva EP. Genesis of derivative chromosome 9 deletions in chronic myeloid leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2005; 43:223-4; author reply 225. [PMID: 15751036 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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23
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Tien SL, Rudduck-Sivaswaren C, Lim P, Lim E, Lie DKH, Tan PHC, Lee ASG. High incidence of derivative chromosome arm 9q deletions in Asian chronic myelogenous leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2005; 42:433-4. [PMID: 15645497 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- Female
- Gene Deletion
- Genes, abl
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/ethnology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Singapore
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24
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FISH, applications en anatomie pathologique. Ann Pathol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0242-6498(04)94058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Aoun P, Wiggins M, Pickering D, Foran J, Rasheed H, Pavletic SZ, Sanger W. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization studies for the detection of 9q34 deletions in chronic myelogenous leukemia: a practical approach to clinical diagnosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 154:138-43. [PMID: 15474149 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2004.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2004] [Revised: 02/06/2004] [Accepted: 02/12/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is characterized by the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) in more than 90% of cases. Recent studies using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) have shown that in a subset of patients with CML, deletions of 9q34 involving the argininosuccinate synthetase region occur at the time of the Philadelphia translocation and are associated with a poor prognosis. We performed interphase FISH studies in 152 cases of CML using a dual-color, dual-fusion probe system with a third probe directed at 9q34. Cytogenetic studies showed a simple (typical) Ph in 124/152 (82%), a cryptic Ph in 11/152 (7%), and a variant Ph chromosome with a complex translocation in 17/152 (11%) of cases. Interphase FISH studies showed single BCR/ABL fusion patterns in 48/152 (32%) of cases. Deletions of 9q34 were observed in 14% of all the cases and were present in 46% of cases with single BCR/ABL fusion pattern. All the 9q34 deletions occurred in cases with single BCR/ABL fusion signal. However, a single-fusion pattern is not specific for 9q34 deletions, and cases should be routinely screened for the presence of this prognostically significant abnormality by using a third probe directed specifically at 9q34.
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MESH Headings
- Chromosome Banding
- Chromosome Deletion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- DNA Probes
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods
- Interphase
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Philadelphia Chromosome
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Aoun
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198, USA.
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26
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Recent publications in hematological oncology. Hematol Oncol 2004; 21:181-8. [PMID: 14760827 DOI: 10.1002/hon.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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