1
|
Taylor-Papadimitriou J, Burchell JM. Histone Methylases and Demethylases Regulating Antagonistic Methyl Marks: Changes Occurring in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071113. [PMID: 35406676 PMCID: PMC8997813 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is crucial to the determination of cell fate in development and differentiation, and the Polycomb (PcG) and Trithorax (TrxG) groups of proteins, acting antagonistically as complexes, play a major role in this regulation. Although originally identified in Drosophila, these complexes are conserved in evolution and the components are well defined in mammals. Each complex contains a protein with methylase activity (KMT), which can add methyl groups to a specific lysine in histone tails, histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27), by PcG complexes, and H3K4 and H3K36 by TrxG complexes, creating transcriptionally repressive or active marks, respectively. Histone demethylases (KDMs), identified later, added a new dimension to histone methylation, and mutations or changes in levels of expression are seen in both methylases and demethylases and in components of the PcG and TrX complexes across a range of cancers. In this review, we focus on both methylases and demethylases governing the methylation state of the suppressive and active marks and consider their action and interaction in normal tissues and in cancer. A picture is emerging which indicates that the changes which occur in cancer during methylation of histone lysines can lead to repression of genes, including tumour suppressor genes, or to the activation of oncogenes. Methylases or demethylases, which are themselves tumour suppressors, are highly mutated. Novel targets for cancer therapy have been identified and a methylase (KMT6A/EZH2), which produces the repressive H3K27me3 mark, and a demethylase (KDM1A/LSD1), which demethylates the active H3K4me2 mark, are now under clinical evaluation.
Collapse
|
2
|
Li YL, Wu CY, Dong XY, Huang ZF, Li ZB, Zhang L, Xi FL, Zhang L, Zhu ZM. [Myelodysplastic syndrome with t(7;11)(p15;p15)/NHA9: 2 cases report and lectures review]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:425-427. [PMID: 32536142 PMCID: PMC7342064 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Li
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincal People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - C Y Wu
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincal People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - X Y Dong
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincal People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Z F Huang
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincal People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Z B Li
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincal People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - L Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincal People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - F L Xi
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincal People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - L Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincal People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Z M Zhu
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincal People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li J, Ahn JH, Wang GG. Understanding histone H3 lysine 36 methylation and its deregulation in disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2899-2916. [PMID: 31147750 PMCID: PMC11105573 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methylation of histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) plays crucial roles in the partitioning of chromatin to distinctive domains and the regulation of a wide range of biological processes. Trimethylation of H3K36 (H3K36me3) demarcates body regions of the actively transcribed genes, providing signals for modulating transcription fidelity, mRNA splicing and DNA damage repair; and di-methylation of H3K36 (H3K36me2) spreads out within large intragenic regions, regulating distribution of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and possibly DNA methylation. These H3K36 methylation-mediated events are biologically crucial and controlled by different classes of proteins responsible for either 'writing', 'reading' or 'erasing' of H3K36 methylation marks. Deregulation of H3K36 methylation and related regulatory factors leads to pathogenesis of disease such as developmental syndrome and cancer. Additionally, recurrent mutations of H3K36 and surrounding histone residues are detected in human tumors, further highlighting the importance of H3K36 in biology and medicine. This review will elaborate on current advances in understanding H3K36 methylation and related molecular players during various chromatin-templated cellular processes, their crosstalks with other chromatin factors, as well as their deregulations in the diseased contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jeong Hyun Ahn
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Gang Greg Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kivioja JL, Lopez Martí JM, Kumar A, Kontro M, Edgren H, Parsons A, Lundán T, Wolf M, Porkka K, Heckman CA. Chimeric NUP98-NSD1 transcripts from the cryptic t(5;11)(q35.2;p15.4) in adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:725-732. [PMID: 28776436 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1357174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The t(5;11)(q35;p15.4) is a clinically significant marker of poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which is difficult to detect due to sub-telomeric localization of the breakpoints. To facilitate the detection of this rearrangement, we studied NUP98-NSD1 transcript variants in patients with the t(5;11) using paired-end RNA sequencing and standard molecular biology techniques. We discovered three NUP98-NSD1 transcripts with two fusion junctions (NUP98 exon 11-12/NSD1 exon 6), alternative 5' donor site in NUP98 exon 7, and NSD1 exon 7 skipping. Two of the transcripts were in-frame and occurred in all t(5;11) samples (N = 5). The exonic splicing events were present in all samples (N = 23) regardless of the NUP98-NSD1 suggesting that these novel splice events are unassociated with t(5;11). In conclusion, we provide evidence of two different NUP98-NSD1 fusion transcripts in adult AML, which result in functional proteins and represent suitable molecular entities for monitoring t(5;11) AML patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarno L Kivioja
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Jesus M Lopez Martí
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Ashwini Kumar
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Mika Kontro
- b Department of Hematology , Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center , Helsinki , Finland
| | | | - Alun Parsons
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Tuija Lundán
- d Department of Clinical Chemistry and TYKSLAB , Turku University Central Hospital, University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - Maija Wolf
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Kimmo Porkka
- b Department of Hematology , Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Caroline A Heckman
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bennett RL, Swaroop A, Troche C, Licht JD. The Role of Nuclear Receptor-Binding SET Domain Family Histone Lysine Methyltransferases in Cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2017; 7:cshperspect.a026708. [PMID: 28193767 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a026708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor-binding SET Domain (NSD) family of histone H3 lysine 36 methyltransferases is comprised of NSD1, NSD2 (MMSET/WHSC1), and NSD3 (WHSC1L1). These enzymes recognize and catalyze methylation of histone lysine marks to regulate chromatin integrity and gene expression. The growing number of reports demonstrating that alterations or translocations of these genes fundamentally affect cell growth and differentiation leading to developmental defects illustrates the importance of this family. In addition, overexpression, gain of function somatic mutations, and translocations of NSDs are associated with human cancer and can trigger cellular transformation in model systems. Here we review the functions of NSD family members and the accumulating evidence that these proteins play key roles in tumorigenesis. Because epigenetic therapy is an important emerging anticancer strategy, understanding the function of NSD family members may lead to the development of novel therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Bennett
- Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and University of Florida Health Cancer Center, The University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Alok Swaroop
- Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and University of Florida Health Cancer Center, The University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Catalina Troche
- Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and University of Florida Health Cancer Center, The University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Jonathan D Licht
- Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and University of Florida Health Cancer Center, The University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hyun K, Jeon J, Park K, Kim J. Writing, erasing and reading histone lysine methylations. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e324. [PMID: 28450737 PMCID: PMC6130214 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 676] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone modifications are key epigenetic regulatory features that have important roles in many cellular events. Lysine methylations mark various sites on the tail and globular domains of histones and their levels are precisely balanced by the action of methyltransferases ('writers') and demethylases ('erasers'). In addition, distinct effector proteins ('readers') recognize specific methyl-lysines in a manner that depends on the neighboring amino-acid sequence and methylation state. Misregulation of histone lysine methylation has been implicated in several cancers and developmental defects. Therefore, histone lysine methylation has been considered a potential therapeutic target, and clinical trials of several inhibitors of this process have shown promising results. A more detailed understanding of histone lysine methylation is necessary for elucidating complex biological processes and, ultimately, for developing and improving disease treatments. This review summarizes enzymes responsible for histone lysine methylation and demethylation and how histone lysine methylation contributes to various biological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwangbeom Hyun
- Laboratory of Eukaryotic Transcription, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jongcheol Jeon
- Laboratory of Eukaryotic Transcription, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kihyun Park
- Laboratory of Eukaryotic Transcription, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- Laboratory of Eukaryotic Transcription, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Amin N, Nietlispach D, Qamar S, Coyle J, Chiarparin E, Williams G. NMR backbone resonance assignment and solution secondary structure determination of human NSD1 and NSD2. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2016; 10:315-320. [PMID: 27356987 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-016-9691-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Proteins of the NSD family are histone-methyl transferases with critical functions in the regulation of chromatin structure and function. NSD1 and NSD2 are homologous proteins that function as epigenetic regulators of transcription through their abilities to catalyse histone methylation. Misregulation of NSD1 and NSD2 expression or mutations in their genes are linked to a number of human diseases such as Sotos syndrome, and cancers including acute myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lung cancer. The catalytic domain of both proteins contains a conserved SET domain which is involved in histone methylation. Here we report the backbone resonance assignments and secondary structure information of the catalytic domains of human NSD1 and NSD2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nader Amin
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, UK
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Daniel Nietlispach
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Rd, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Seema Qamar
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Joe Coyle
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, UK
| | - Elisabetta Chiarparin
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, UK
- AstraZeneca, 310 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0WG, UK
| | - Glyn Williams
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0QA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fahrenkrog B, Martinelli V, Nilles N, Fruhmann G, Chatel G, Juge S, Sauder U, Di Giacomo D, Mecucci C, Schwaller J. Expression of Leukemia-Associated Nup98 Fusion Proteins Generates an Aberrant Nuclear Envelope Phenotype. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152321. [PMID: 27031510 PMCID: PMC4816316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations involving the nucleoporin NUP98 have been described in several hematopoietic malignancies, in particular acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In the resulting chimeric proteins, Nup98's N-terminal region is fused to the C-terminal region of about 30 different partners, including homeodomain (HD) transcription factors. While transcriptional targets of distinct Nup98 chimeras related to immortalization are relatively well described, little is known about other potential cellular effects of these fusion proteins. By comparing the sub-nuclear localization of a large number of Nup98 fusions with HD and non-HD partners throughout the cell cycle we found that while all Nup98 chimeras were nuclear during interphase, only Nup98-HD fusion proteins exhibited a characteristic speckled appearance. During mitosis, only Nup98-HD fusions were concentrated on chromosomes. Despite the difference in localization, all tested Nup98 chimera provoked morphological alterations in the nuclear envelope (NE), in particular affecting the nuclear lamina and the lamina-associated polypeptide 2α (LAP2α). Importantly, such aberrations were not only observed in transiently transfected HeLa cells but also in mouse bone marrow cells immortalized by Nup98 fusions and in cells derived from leukemia patients harboring Nup98 fusions. Our findings unravel Nup98 fusion-associated NE alterations that may contribute to leukemogenesis.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism
- Bone Marrow Cells/pathology
- Cell Cycle
- DNA-Binding Proteins/analysis
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- HeLa Cells
- Homeodomain Proteins/analysis
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Membrane Proteins/analysis
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mitosis
- Nuclear Envelope/genetics
- Nuclear Envelope/metabolism
- Nuclear Envelope/pathology
- Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/analysis
- Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/analysis
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Translocation, Genetic
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birthe Fahrenkrog
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi, Belgium
- * E-mail: (BF); (JS)
| | - Valérie Martinelli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Nadine Nilles
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Gernot Fruhmann
- Department of Biomedicine, University Children’s Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Chatel
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Sabine Juge
- Department of Biomedicine, University Children’s Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Sauder
- Biozentrum, Microscopy Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danika Di Giacomo
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Cristina Mecucci
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Jürg Schwaller
- Department of Biomedicine, University Children’s Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (BF); (JS)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Crescenzi B, Nofrini V, Barba G, Matteucci C, Di Giacomo D, Gorello P, Beverloo B, Vitale A, Wlodarska I, Vandenberghe P, La Starza R, Mecucci C. NUP98/11p15 translocations affect CD34+ cells in myeloid and T lymphoid leukemias. Leuk Res 2015; 39:769-72. [PMID: 26004809 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We assessed lineage involvement by NUP98 translocations in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL). Single cell analysis by FICTION (Fluorescence Immunophenotype and Interphase Cytogenetics as a Tool for Investigation of Neoplasms) showed that, despite diverse partners, i.e. NSD1, DDX10, RAP1GDS1, and LNP1, NUP98 translocations always affected a CD34+/CD133+ hematopoietic precursor. Interestingly the abnormal clone included myelomonocytes, erythroid cells, B- and T- lymphocytes in MDS/AML and only CD7+/CD3+ cells in T-ALL. The NUP98-RAP1GDS1 affected different hematopoietic lineages in AML and T-ALL. Additional specific genomic events, were identified, namely FLT3 and CEBPA mutations in MDS/AML, and NOTCH1 mutations and MYB duplication in T-ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Crescenzi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, CREO, University of Perugia and A.O. Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Valeria Nofrini
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, CREO, University of Perugia and A.O. Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Barba
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, CREO, University of Perugia and A.O. Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Caterina Matteucci
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, CREO, University of Perugia and A.O. Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Danika Di Giacomo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, CREO, University of Perugia and A.O. Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Gorello
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, CREO, University of Perugia and A.O. Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Berna Beverloo
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antonella Vitale
- Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, La Sapienza University, Via Benevento 6, 06161 Rome, Italy
| | - Iwona Wlodarska
- Center for Human Genetics, K.U. Leuven, Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, Box 602, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenberghe
- Center for Human Genetics, K.U. Leuven, Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, Box 602, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roberta La Starza
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, CREO, University of Perugia and A.O. Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Cristina Mecucci
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, CREO, University of Perugia and A.O. Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are the sole gateways between the nucleus and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and they mediate all macromolecular trafficking between these cellular compartments. Nucleocytoplasmic transport is highly selective and precisely regulated and as such an important aspect of normal cellular function. Defects in this process or in its machinery have been linked to various human diseases, including cancer. Nucleoporins, which are about 30 proteins that built up NPCs, are critical players in nucleocytoplasmic transport and have also been shown to be key players in numerous other cellular processes, such as cell cycle control and gene expression regulation. This review will focus on the three nucleoporins Nup98, Nup214, and Nup358. Common to them is their significance in nucleocytoplasmic transport, their multiple other functions, and being targets for chromosomal translocations that lead to haematopoietic malignancies, in particular acute myeloid leukaemia. The underlying molecular mechanisms of nucleoporin-associated leukaemias are only poorly understood but share some characteristics and are distinguished by their poor prognosis and therapy outcome.
Collapse
|
11
|
Allali-Hassani A, Kuznetsova E, Hajian T, Wu H, Dombrovski L, Li Y, Gräslund S, Arrowsmith CH, Schapira M, Vedadi M. A Basic Post-SET Extension of NSDs Is Essential for Nucleosome Binding In Vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19:928-35. [PMID: 24595546 DOI: 10.1177/1087057114525854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor SET domain-containing family of proteins (NSD1, NSD2, and NSD3) is known to mono- and dimethylate lysine 36 of histone H3 (H3K36). Overexpression and translocation of NSDs have been widely implicated in a variety of diseases including cancers. Although the substrate specificity of NSDs has been a subject of many valuable studies, the activity of these proteins has never been fully characterized in vitro. In this study, we present full kinetic characterization of NSD1, NSD2, and NSD3 and provide robust in vitro assays suitable for screening these proteins in a 384-well format using nucleosome as a substrate. Through monitoring the changes in substrate specificity of a series of NSD constructs and using molecular modeling, we show that a basic post-SET extension common to all three NSDs (corresponding to residues 1209 to 1226 of NSD2) is essential for proper positioning on nucleosome substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Taraneh Hajian
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hong Wu
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ludmila Dombrovski
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yanjun Li
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susanne Gräslund
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Ontario Cancer Institute, The Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthieu Schapira
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Masoud Vedadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shiba N, Ichikawa H, Taki T, Park MJ, Jo A, Mitani S, Kobayashi T, Shimada A, Sotomatsu M, Arakawa H, Adachi S, Tawa A, Horibe K, Tsuchida M, Hanada R, Tsukimoto I, Hayashi Y. NUP98-NSD1 gene fusion and its related gene expression signature are strongly associated with a poor prognosis in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 52:683-93. [PMID: 23630019 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cryptic t(5;11)(q35;p15.5) creates a fusion gene between the NUP98 and NSD1 genes. To ascertain the significance of this gene fusion, we explored its frequency, clinical impact, and gene expression pattern using DNA microarray in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. NUP98-NSD1 fusion transcripts were detected in 6 (4.8%) of 124 pediatric AML patients. Supervised hierarchical clustering analyses using probe sets that were differentially expressed in these patients detected a characteristic gene expression pattern, including 18 NUP98-NSD1-negative patients (NUP98-NSD1-like patients). In total, a NUP98-NSD1-related gene expression signature (NUP98-NSD1 signature) was found in 19% (24/124) and in 58% (15/26) of cytogenetically normal cases. Their 4-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were poor (33.3% in NUP98-NSD1-positive and 38.9% in NUP98-NSD1-like patients) compared with 100 NUP98-NSD1 signature-negative patients (4-year OS: 86.0%, 4-year EFS: 72.0%). Interestingly, t(7;11)(p15;p15)/NUP98-HOXA13, t(6;11)(q27;q23)/MLL-MLLT4 and t(6;9)(p22;q34)/DEK-NUP214, which are known as poor prognostic markers, were found in NUP98-NSD1-like patients. Furthermore, another type of NUP98-NSD1 fusion transcript was identified by additional RT-PCR analyses using other primers in a NUP98-NSD1-like patient, revealing the significance of this signature to detect NUP98-NSD1 gene fusions and to identify a new poor prognostic subgroup in AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norio Shiba
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Gunma Children's Medical Center, Shibukawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gorello P, Nofrini V, Brandimarte L, Pierini V, Crescenzi B, Nozza F, Daniele G, Storlazzi CT, Di Giacomo D, Matteucci C, La Starza R, Mecucci C. Inv(11)(p15q22)/NUP98-DDX10 fusion and isoforms in a new case of de novo acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Genet 2013; 206:92-6. [PMID: 23522748 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We set up a diagnostic double-color double-fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization (DCDF-FISH) assay to investigate a case of a de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-M4 bearing an inv(11)(p15q22). DCDF-FISH detected the NUP98-DDX10 rearrangement as two fusion signals, at the short and the long arms of the inv(11). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and cloning experiments confirmed the NUP98-DDX10 fusion and identified two splicing fusion isoforms: the known "type II fusion," originating from the fusion of NUP98 exon 14 to DDX10 exon 7 and a new in-frame fusion transcript between NUP98 exon 15 and DDX10 exon 7, which we termed "type III fusion."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Gorello
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wei Y, Gañán-Gómez I, Salazar-Dimicoli S, McCay SL, Garcia-Manero G. Histone methylation in myelodysplastic syndromes. Epigenomics 2012; 3:193-205. [PMID: 22122281 DOI: 10.2217/epi.11.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone methylation is a type of epigenetic modification that is critical for the regulation of gene expression. Numerous studies have demonstrated that abnormalities of this newly characterized epigenetic modification are involved in the development of multiple diseases, including cancer. There is also emerging evidence for a link between histone methylation and the pathogenesis of myeloid neoplasms, including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). This article provides an overview of recent progress in the studies of histone methylation in myeloid malignancies, with an emphasis on MDS. We cover each type of histone methylation modification and their regulatory mechanisms, as well as their abnormalities in MDS or potential connections to MDS. We also summarize the recent progress in the development of inhibitors targeting histone methylation and their applications as potential therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wei
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Histone side chains are post-translationally modified at multiple sites, including at Lys36 on histone H3 (H3K36). Several enzymes from yeast and humans, including the methyltransferases SET domain-containing 2 (Set2) and nuclear receptor SET domain-containing 1 (NSD1), respectively, alter the methylation status of H3K36, and significant progress has been made in understanding how they affect chromatin structure and function. Although H3K36 methylation is most commonly associated with the transcription of active euchromatin, it has also been implicated in diverse processes, including alternative splicing, dosage compensation and transcriptional repression, as well as DNA repair and recombination. Disrupted placement of methylated H3K36 within the chromatin landscape can lead to a range of human diseases, underscoring the importance of this modification.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yamamoto K, Nakamachi Y, Yakushijin K, Funakoshi Y, Okamura A, Kawano S, Matsuoka H, Minami H. Expression of the novel NUP98/PSIP1 fusion transcripts in myelodysplastic syndrome with t(9;11)(p22;p15). Eur J Haematol 2012; 88:244-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2011.01736.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
17
|
NUP98/NSD1 characterizes a novel poor prognostic group in acute myeloid leukemia with a distinct HOX gene expression pattern. Blood 2011; 118:3645-56. [PMID: 21813447 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-04-346643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Translocations involving nucleoporin 98kD (NUP98) on chromosome 11p15 occur at relatively low frequency in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but can be missed with routine karyotyping. In this study, high-resolution genome-wide copy number analyses revealed cryptic NUP98/NSD1 translocations in 3 of 92 cytogenetically normal (CN)-AML cases. To determine their exact frequency, we screened > 1000 well-characterized pediatric and adult AML cases using a NUP98/NSD1-specific RT-PCR. Twenty-three cases harbored the NUP98/NSD1 fusion, representing 16.1% of pediatric and 2.3% of adult CN-AML patients. NUP98/NSD1-positive AML cases had significantly higher white blood cell counts (median, 147 × 10⁹/L), more frequent FAB-M4/M5 morphology (in 63%), and more CN-AML (in 78%), FLT3/internal tandem duplication (in 91%) and WT1 mutations (in 45%) than NUP98/NSD1-negative cases. NUP98/NSD1 was mutually exclusive with all recurrent type-II aberrations. Importantly, NUP98/NSD1 was an independent predictor for poor prognosis; 4-year event-free survival was < 10% for both pediatric and adult NUP98/NSD1-positive AML patients. NUP98/NSD1-positive AML showed a characteristic HOX-gene expression pattern, distinct from, for example, MLL-rearranged AML, and the fusion protein was aberrantly localized in nuclear aggregates, providing insight into the leukemogenic pathways of these AMLs. Taken together, NUP98/NSD1 identifies a previously unrecognized group of young AML patients, with distinct characteristics and dismal prognosis, for whom new treatment strategies are urgently needed.
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are heritable chromatin alterations that contribute to the temporal and spatial interpretation of the genome. The epigenetic information is conveyed through a multitude of chemical modifications, including DNA methylation, reversible modifications of histones, and ATP-dependent nucleosomal remodeling. Deregulation of the epigenetic machinery contributes to the development of several pathologies, including cancer. Chromatin modifications are multiple and interdependent and they are dynamically modulated in the course of various biological processes. Combinations of chromatin modifications give rise to a complex code that is superimposed on the genetic code embedded into the DNA sequence to regulate cell function. This review addresses the role of epigenetic modifications in cancer, focusing primarily on histone methylation marks and the enzymes catalyzing their removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios C Kampranis
- Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Taketani T, Taki T, Nakamura H, Taniwaki M, Masuda J, Hayashi Y. NUP98-NSD3 fusion gene in radiation-associated myelodysplastic syndrome with t(8;11)(p11;p15) and expression pattern of NSD family genes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 190:108-12. [PMID: 19380029 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2008.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2008] [Revised: 11/27/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal 11p15 abnormality of therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS)-acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is rare. NUP98-NSD3 fusion transcripts have been detected previously in one patient with AML and one patient with t-MDS having t(8;11)(p11;p15). Here we present the case of a 60-year-old man with radiation-associated MDS (r-MDS) carrying chromosome abnormalities, including t(8;11)(p11;p15) and del(1)(p22p32). Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis demonstrated that the NUP98 gene at 11p15 was split by the translocation. Southern blot analysis of bone marrow cells showed both rearrangements of NUP98 and NSD3 genes. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by sequence analysis revealed the presence of both NUP98-NSD3 and NSD3-NUP98 fusion transcripts. Expression analysis by RT-PCR showed that NSD3 as well as NSD1 and NSD2 was ubiquitously expressed in leukemic cell lines and Epstein-Barr virus transformed B lymphocyte cell lines derived from the normal adult lymphocytes examined. Two isoforms of NSD3, NSD3S and NSD3L (but not NSD3L2), were expressed in leukemic cell lines and were fused to NUP98 in our patient, suggesting that qualitative change of these two isoforms of NSD3 by fusion with NUP98 might be related to leukemogenesis, although the function of each isoform of the NSD3 gene remains unclear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Taketani
- Division of Blood Transfusion, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
De Keersmaecker K, Rocnik JL, Bernad R, Lee BH, Leeman D, Gielen O, Verachtert H, Folens C, Munck S, Marynen P, Fornerod M, Gilliland DG, Cools J. Kinase activation and transformation by NUP214-ABL1 is dependent on the context of the nuclear pore. Mol Cell 2008; 31:134-42. [PMID: 18614052 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2007] [Revised: 03/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Genetic alterations causing constitutive tyrosine kinase activation are observed in a broad spectrum of cancers. Thus far, these mutant kinases have been localized to the plasma membrane or cytoplasm, where they engage proliferation and survival pathways. We report that the NUP214-ABL1 fusion is unique among these because of its requisite localization to the nuclear pore complex for its transforming potential. We show that NUP214-ABL1 displays attenuated transforming capacity as compared to BCR-ABL1 and that NUP214-ABL1 preferentially transforms T cells, which is in agreement with its unique occurrence in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Furthermore, NUP214-ABL1 differs from BCR-ABL1 in subcellular localization, initiation of kinase activity, and signaling and lacks phosphorylation on its activation loop. In addition to delineating an unusual mechanism for kinase activation, this study provides new insights into the spectrum of chromosomal translocations involving nucleoporins by indicating that the nuclear pore context itself may play a central role in transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim De Keersmaecker
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Genetics, VIB, K.U. Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
We have studied a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and t(10;11)(q23;p15) as the sole cytogenetic abnormality. Molecular analysis revealed a translocation involving nucleoporin 98 (NUP98) fused to the DNA-binding domain of the hematopoietically expressed homeobox gene (HHEX). Expression of NUP98/HHEX in murine bone marrow cells leads to aberrant self-renewal and a block in normal differentiation that depends on the integrity of the NUP98 GFLG repeats and the HHEX homeodomain. Transplantation of bone marrow cells expressing NUP98/HHEX leads to transplantable acute leukemia characterized by extensive infiltration of leukemic blasts expressing myeloid markers (Gr1(+)) as well as markers of the B-cell lineage (B220(+)). A latency period of 9 months and its clonal character suggest that NUP98/HHEX is necessary but not sufficient for disease induction. Expression of EGFP-NUP98/HHEX fusions showed a highly similar nuclear localization pattern as for other NUP98/homeodomain fusions, such as NUP98/HOXA9. Comparative gene expression profiling in primary bone marrow cells provided evidence for the presence of common targets in cells expressing NUP98/HOXA9 or NUP98/HHEX. Some of these genes (Hoxa5, Hoxa9, Flt3) are deregulated in NUP98/HHEX-induced murine leukemia as well as in human blasts carrying this fusion and might represent bona fide therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
22
|
Petit A, Radford I, Waill MC, Romana S, Berger R. NUP98-NSD1 fusion by insertion in acute myeloblastic leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 180:43-6. [PMID: 18068532 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2007.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2007] [Accepted: 09/07/2007] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A case of NUP98-NSD1 gene fusion resulting from the insertion of a subtelomeric part of chromosome 11p15.4 within the subtelomeric part of 5q35 was detected in a child with acute myeloblastic leukemia. This new case illustrates the importance of using fluorescence in situ hybridization followed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction techniques to detect abnormalities involving subtelomeric chromosomal regions.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
- Gene Fusion
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Male
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Translocation, Genetic
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Petit
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), EMI 0210, Necker Pediatric Hospital, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ishikawa M, Yagasaki F, Okamura D, Maeda T, Sugahara Y, Jinnai I, Bessho M. A novel gene, ANKRD28 on 3p25, is fused with NUP98 on 11p15 in a cryptic 3-way translocation of t(3;5;11)(p25;q35;p15) in an adult patient with myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myelogenous leukemia. Int J Hematol 2007; 86:238-45. [PMID: 17988990 DOI: 10.1532/ijh97.07054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We identified a novel gene fusion of ANKRD28 (ankyrin repeat domain 28) on 3p25 to NUP98 on 11p15 in a patient with adult myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myelogenous leukemia. A partially cryptic 3-way translocation, t(3;5;11)(p25;q35;p15), that had initially been supposed to be t(3;5)(p25;q35) was revealed by precise breakpoint mapping via fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis with bacterial artificial chromosome clones. This translocation produces the expression of 2 in-frame fusion transcripts, the novel ANKRD28-NUP98 and NUP98-NSD1, and 1 out-of-frame NSD1-ANKRD28 transcript. Transient overexpression of ANKRD28-NUP98 in NIH/3T3 cells, but not the C-terminal deletion mutant of ANKRD28 (DeltaC-ANKRD28), caused significantly increased focus formation compared with mock-transfectant controls. ANKRD28-NUP98 was localized in the nucleolus and cytoplasm, whereas ANKRD28 and DeltaC-ANKRD28 were found exclusively in the cytoplasm. Alteration of the subcellular localization of ANKRD28 might have contributed to the leukemogenesis in this case. This report is the first of ANKRD28 as an NUP98 fusion partner, and this case implies that this fusion may be responsible for hematologic malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maho Ishikawa
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang GG, Cai L, Pasillas MP, Kamps MP. NUP98-NSD1 links H3K36 methylation to Hox-A gene activation and leukaemogenesis. Nat Cell Biol 2007; 9:804-12. [PMID: 17589499 DOI: 10.1038/ncb1608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2006] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor-binding SET domain protein 1 (NSD1) prototype is a family of mammalian histone methyltransferases (NSD1, NSD2/MMSET/WHSC1, NSD3/WHSC1L1) that are essential in development and are mutated in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML), overgrowth syndromes, multiple myeloma and lung cancers. In AML, the recurring t(5;11)(q35;p15.5) translocation fuses NSD1 to nucleoporin-98 (NUP98). Here, we present the first characterization of the transforming properties and molecular mechanisms of NUP98-NSD1. We demonstrate that NUP98-NSD1 induces AML in vivo, sustains self-renewal of myeloid stem cells in vitro, and enforces expression of the HoxA7, HoxA9, HoxA10 and Meis1 proto-oncogenes. Mechanistically, NUP98-NSD1 binds genomic elements adjacent to HoxA7 and HoxA9, maintains histone H3 Lys 36 (H3K36) methylation and histone acetylation, and prevents EZH2-mediated transcriptional repression of the Hox-A locus during differentiation. Deletion of the NUP98 FG-repeat domain, or mutations in NSD1 that inactivate the H3K36 methyltransferase activity or that prevent binding of NUP98-NSD1 to the Hox-A locus precluded both Hox-A gene activation and myeloid progenitor immortalization. We propose that NUP98-NSD1 prevents EZH2-mediated repression of Hox-A locus genes by colocalizing H3K36 methylation and histone acetylation at regulatory DNA elements. This report is the first to link deregulated H3K36 methylation to tumorigenesis and to link NSD1 to transcriptional regulation of the Hox-A locus.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Acetylation
- Acute Disease
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
- Cells, Cultured
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Histone Methyltransferases
- Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase
- Histones/metabolism
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/physiology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Methylation
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutation
- Myeloid Progenitor Cells/physiology
- Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/physiology
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/physiology
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/physiology
- Spectrophotometry, Atomic
- Transcriptional Activation
- Translocation, Genetic
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang G Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ishikawa M, Yagasaki F, Okamura D, Maeda T, Sugahara Y, Jinnai I, Bessho M. A novel gene, ANKRD28 on 3p25, is fused with NUP98 on 11p15 in a cryptic 3-way translocation of t(3;5;11)(p25;q35;p15) in an adult patient with myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myelogenous leukemia. Int J Hematol 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03006927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
26
|
Romana SP, Radford-Weiss I, Ben Abdelali R, Schluth C, Petit A, Dastugue N, Talmant P, Bilhou-Nabera C, Mugneret F, Lafage-Pochitaloff M, Mozziconacci MJ, Andrieu J, Lai JL, Terre C, Rack K, Cornillet-Lefebvre P, Luquet I, Nadal N, Nguyen-Khac F, Perot C, Van den Akker J, Fert-Ferrer S, Cabrol C, Charrin C, Tigaud I, Poirel H, Vekemans M, Bernard OA, Berger R. NUP98 rearrangements in hematopoietic malignancies: a study of the Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique. Leukemia 2006; 20:696-706. [PMID: 16467868 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The NUP98 gene is fused with 19 different partner genes in various human hematopoietic malignancies. In order to gain additional clinico-hematological data and to identify new partners of NUP98, the Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH) collected cases of hematological malignancies where a 11p15 rearrangement was detected. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis showed that 35% of these patients (23/66) carried a rearrangement of the NUP98 locus. Genes of the HOXA cluster and the nuclear-receptor set domain (NSD) genes were frequently fused to NUP98, mainly in de novo myeloid malignancies whereas the DDX10 and TOP1 genes were equally rearranged in de novo and in therapy-related myeloid proliferations. Involvement of ADD3 and C6ORF80 genes were detected, respectively, in myeloid disorders and in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), whereas the RAP1GDS1 gene was fused to NUP98 in T-ALL. Three new chromosomal breakpoints: 3q22.1, 7p15 (in a localization distinct from the HOXA locus) and Xq28 were detected in rearrangements with the NUP98 gene locus. The present study as well as a review of the 73 cases previously reported in the literature allowed us to delineate some chromosomal, clinical and molecular features of patients carrying a NUP98 gene rearrangements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S P Romana
- Service de cytogénétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rahman N. Mechanisms predisposing to childhood overgrowth and cancer. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2005; 15:227-33. [PMID: 15917196 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2005.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2005] [Accepted: 04/11/2005] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Several overgrowth conditions are believed to be associated with elevated risks of cancer, particularly in childhood. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and Sotos syndrome are the most common overgrowth conditions, and both carry increased risks of certain tumors. In recent years, the identification of both the gene causing Sotos syndrome and the epigenetic subgroups underlying Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome have enabled clarification of the cancer types and risks associated with these conditions. This has revealed striking differences in the cancer phenotypes associated with different molecular abnormalities. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying cancer in overgrowth syndromes might yield important insights into the molecular basis of childhood tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazneen Rahman
- Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tosi S, Ballabio E, Teigler-Schlegel A, Boultwood J, Bruch J, Harbott J. Characterization of 6q abnormalities in childhood acute myeloid leukemia and identification of a novel t(6;11)(q24.1;p15.5) resulting in aNUP98-C6orf80 fusion in a case of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2005; 44:225-32. [PMID: 16028218 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome abnormalities of 6q are not frequently observed in myeloid disorders. In this article, we report the incidence of these chromosome changes in childhood myeloid leukemia as 2%-4% based on the cytogenetic database of a single institution. We applied fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to characterize precisely the types of 6q abnormalities in seven patients (six with acute myeloid leukemia and one with myelodysplastic syndrome). They carried various translocations involving different breakpoints in 6q, as confirmed by FISH using a whole-chromosome-6 paint. Four cases were reported as t(6;11), although the breakpoints varied. Among these, we identified a novel translocation, t(6;11)(q24.1;p15.5), in a patient with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Molecular cytogenetic studies using the PAC clone RP5-1173K1 localized the genomic breakpoint on chromosome 11 to within the NUP98 gene. The breakpoint on chromosome 6 was narrowed down to a 500-kb region between BAC clones RP11-721P14 and RP11-39H10. Reverse-transcription PCR was performed using a forward primer specific for NUP98 and a reverse primer for the candidate gene in the 500-kb interval in 6q. This experiment resulted in the identification of a new fusion between NUP98 and C6orf80. Further studies will aim to fully characterize C6orf80 and will elucidate the role of this new NUP98 fusion in myeloid leukemia.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Adolescent
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Base Sequence
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosome Breakage
- Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/genetics
- Cytogenetic Analysis
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Infant
- Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Translocation, Genetic
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Tosi
- Leukaemia Research Fund Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|