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Ye Y, Lin Y, Chi Z, Zhang J, Cai F, Zhu Y, Tang D, Lin Q. Rolling circle amplification (RCA) -based biosensor system for the fluorescent detection of miR-129-2-3p miRNA. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14257. [PMID: 36312756 PMCID: PMC9610657 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a versatile fluorescent bioanalysis platform for sensitive and specific screening of target miRNA (miR-129-2-3p) was innovatively designed by applying target-induced rolling circle amplification (RCA) for efficient signal amplification. Specifically, miR-129-2-3p was used as a ligation template to facilitate its ligation with padlock probes, followed by an RCA reaction in the presence of phi29 DNA polymerase. The dsDNA fragments and products were stained by SYBR Green I and then detected by fluorescence spectrophotometry. As a result, miR-129-2-3p concentrations as low as 50 nM could be detected. Furthermore, the expression of miR-129-2-3p in breast cancer patients was about twice that in healthy people. Therefore, the results indicated that the RCA-based biosensor system could be a valuable platform for miRNA detection in clinical diagnosis and biomedical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ye
- Fujian Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Yao Lin
- Cooperation Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Oriented Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zilin Chi
- Fujian Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Fan Cai
- Fujian Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Youzhi Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Dianping Tang
- Fuzhou University, Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China.
| | - Qingqiang Lin
- Fujian Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
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2
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Spectrum of microRNAs and their target genes in cancer: intervention in diagnosis and therapy. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6827-6846. [PMID: 35031927 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Till date, several groups have studied the mechanism of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, processing, stability, silencing, and their dysregulation in cancer. The miRNA coding genes recurrently go through abnormal amplification, deletion, transcription, and epigenetic regulation in cancer. Some miRNAs function as tumor promoters while few others are tumor suppressors based on the transcriptional regulation of target genes. A review of miRNAs and their target genes in a wide range of cancers is attempted in this article, which may help in the development of new diagnostic tools and intervention therapies. The contribution of miRNAs for drug sensitivity or resistance in cancer therapy and opportunities of miRNAs in cancer prognosis or diagnosis and therapy is also presented in detail.
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Xu S, Li W, Wu J, Lu Y, Xie M, Li Y, Zou J, Zeng T, Ling H. The role of miR-129-5p in cancer: a novel therapeutic target. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:647-657. [PMID: 34521336 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210914122010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MiRNA-129-5p belongs to the microRNA-129 (miRNA-129) family. MiRNA-129-5p is expressed in many tissues and organs of the human body, and it regulates a wide range of biological functions. The abnormal expression of miRNA-129-5p is related to the occurrence and development of a variety of malignant tumors. MiRNA-129-5p plays an important role in the tumorigenesis process and functions by promoting or inhibiting tumors. However, the role of miRNA-129-5p in cancer remains controversial. This article reviews the different biological functions of miRNA-129-5p in cancer and provides ideas for research in this field to guide the development of targeted therapies and drugs for malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (University of South China),College of Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001. China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (University of South China),College of Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001. China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (University of South China),College of Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001. China
| | - Yuru Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (University of South China),College of Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001. China
| | - Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (University of South China),College of Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001. China
| | - Yanlan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (University of South China),College of Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001. China
| | - Juan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (University of South China),College of Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001. China
| | - Tiebing Zeng
- Hunan Province Cooperative innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study [Hunan Provincial Education Department document (Approval number: 2014-405], Hengyang, Hunan 421001. China
| | - Hui Ling
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (University of South China),College of Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001. China
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Pajares MJ, Alemany-Cosme E, Goñi S, Bandres E, Palanca-Ballester C, Sandoval J. Epigenetic Regulation of microRNAs in Cancer: Shortening the Distance from Bench to Bedside. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147350. [PMID: 34298969 PMCID: PMC8306710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease involving alterations of multiple processes, with both genetic and epigenetic features contributing as core factors to the disease. In recent years, it has become evident that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), an epigenetic factor, play a key role in the initiation and progression of cancer. MicroRNAs, the most studied non-coding RNAs subtype, are key controllers in a myriad of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Furthermore, the expression of miRNAs is controlled, concomitantly, by other epigenetic factors, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, resulting in aberrant patterns of expression upon the occurrence of cancer. In this sense, aberrant miRNA landscape evaluation has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer management. In this review, we have focused on the regulation (biogenesis, processing, and dysregulation) of miRNAs and their role as modulators of the epigenetic machinery. We have also highlighted their potential clinical value, such as validated diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and their relevant role as chromatin modifiers in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J. Pajares
- Biochemistry Area, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.J.P.); (S.G.)
- IDISNA Navarra’s Health Research Institute, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Ester Alemany-Cosme
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute la Fe, 460026 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.-C.); (C.P.-B.)
| | - Saioa Goñi
- Biochemistry Area, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.J.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Eva Bandres
- IDISNA Navarra’s Health Research Institute, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Immunology Unit, Department of Hematology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cora Palanca-Ballester
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute la Fe, 460026 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.-C.); (C.P.-B.)
| | - Juan Sandoval
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute la Fe, 460026 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.-C.); (C.P.-B.)
- Epigenomics Core Facility, Health Research Institute la Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-961246709
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5
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Ni X, Lin Z, Dai S, Chen H, Chen J, Zheng C, Wu B, Ao J, Shi K, Sun H. Screening and verification of microRNA promoter methylation sites in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:3626-3641. [PMID: 32065423 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The promoter methylation mode of microribonucleic acid (miRNA) plays a crucial role in the process of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to screen and verify the miRNA methylation sites associated with the overall survival (OS) and clinical characteristics of HCC patients. Methylation-related data were from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). R software was utilized to screen the methylation sites. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm was utilized to develop the miRNA promoter methylation models. Then, methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was performed with 146 HCC tissues to verify the accuracy of the vascular infiltration-related model. Additionally, we verified the functions of vascular infiltration-related miRNA by utilizing cells transfected with miR-199a-3p mimic. The model for predicting OS of HCC patients contained eight methylation sites. The Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that the model could divide HCC patients into high- and low-risk groups (P < .0001). COX regression analysis suggested that the model (P < .001; 95% CI, 1.264-2.709) and T category (P < .001; 95% CI, 1.472-3.119) were independent risk factors for affecting OS of HCC patients. The model for predicting vascular infiltration, pathological grade, and clinical stage contained 7, 10, and 9 methylation sites respectively, with their area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values 0.667, 0.745, and 0.725, respectively. The functional analysis suggested that miRNA methylation is involved in various biological processes such as WNT, MAPK, and mTOR signaling pathways. The accuracy of the vascular infiltration-related model was consistent with our previous bioinformatics assay. And upregulation of miR-199a-3p decreased migration and invasion abilities. The screened miRNA promoter methylation sites can be served as biomarkers for judging OS, vascular infiltration, pathology grade, and clinical stage. It can also provide new targets for improving the treatment and prognosis of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Ni
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuo Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengjie Dai
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenlei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Boda Wu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianyang Ao
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keqing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Laboratory of Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Xu C, Du Z, Ren S, Liang X, Li H. MiR-129-5p sensitization of lung cancer cells to etoposide-induced apoptosis by reducing YWHAB. J Cancer 2020; 11:858-866. [PMID: 31949489 PMCID: PMC6959023 DOI: 10.7150/jca.35410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer worldwide and recent studies have revealed that microRNAs play critical roles to regulate lung carcinogenesis. microRNA-129-5p (miR-129-5p) has been reported to regulate cell proliferation and invasion in lung cancer, but its role in lung cancer apoptosis remains unknown. Methods: The expression of miR-129-5p and YWHAB in lung cancer tissues were analyzed from data downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Luciferase reporter assay, Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to determine the regulatory effect of miR-129-5p on YWHAB. Cell apoptosis was detected by using the PI/Annexin V Cell Apoptosis Kit. The effect of miR-129-5p and YWHAB on the survival of lung cancer patients was also explored. Results: In this study, by combining the data derived from six GEO database, our results showed that miR-129-5p was downregulated in lung cancer tissues and YWHAB was upregulated in lung cancer patient' serum. A significant negative correlation between miR-129-5p and YWHAB was found in lung cancer tissues. Both the expression of YWHAB and miR-129-5p were associated significantly with prognosis (overall survival) in patients with lung cancer. Overexpression of miR-129-5p promotes VP16-induced lung cancer cell apoptosis and YWHAB was shown to be a direct downstream target of miR-129-5p. Conclusion: Overexpression of expression miR-129-5p contributes to etoposide-induced lung cancer apoptosis by modulating YWHAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengshan Xu
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of GeriatricMedicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongli Du
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of GeriatricMedicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Simei Ren
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of GeriatricMedicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshuan Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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7
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Nasr MA, Salah RA, Abd Elkodous M, Elshenawy SE, El-Badri N. Dysregulated MicroRNA Fingerprints and Methylation Patterns in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cancer Stem Cells, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:229. [PMID: 31681762 PMCID: PMC6811506 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the top causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Although HCC has been researched extensively, there is still a need for novel and effective therapeutic interventions. There is substantial evidence that initiation of carcinogenesis in liver cirrhosis, a leading cause of HCC, is mediated by cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs were also shown to be responsible for relapse and chemoresistance in several cancers, including HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute important epigenetic markers that regulate carcinogenesis by acting post-transcriptionally on mRNAs, contributing to the progression of HCC. We have previously shown that co-culture of cancer cells with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could induce the reprogramming of MSCs into CSC-like cells. In this review, we evaluate the available data concerning the epigenetic regulation of miRNAs through methylation and the possible role of this regulation in stem cell and somatic reprogramming in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Nasr
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Radwa Ayman Salah
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - M Abd Elkodous
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Shimaa E Elshenawy
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
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8
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Cui S, Zhang K, Li C, Chen J, Pan Y, Feng B, Lu L, Zhu Z, Wang R, Chen L. Methylation-associated silencing of microRNA-129-3p promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion and metastasis of hepatocelluar cancer by targeting Aurora-A. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78009-78028. [PMID: 27793005 PMCID: PMC5363640 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis and recurrence has become one major obstacle for further improving the survival of hepatocelluar cancer (HCC) patients. Therefore, it is critical to elucidate the mechanisms involved in HCC metastasis. This study aimed to investigate the roles of microRNA (miR)-129-3p in HCC metastasis and its possible molecular mechanisms. By using microarray analysis to compare levels of different miRNAs in HCC tissues with or without lymph node metastasis (LNM), we showed that HCC tissues with LNM had reduced levels of miR-129-3p, which was related to its promoter hypermethylation and correlated with tumor metastasis, recurrence and poor prognosis. Gain - and loss - of - function assays indicated that re-expression of miR-129-3p could reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and reduce in vitro invasion and in vivo metastasis of HCC cells. Aurora-A, a serine/threonine protein kinase, was identified as a direct target of miR-129-3p. Knockdown of Aurora-A phenocopied the effect of miR-129-3p overexpression on HCC metastasis. In addition, Aurora-A upregulation could partially rescue the effect of miR-129-3p. We further demonstrated that activation of PI3K/Akt and p38-MAPK signalings were involved in miR-129-3p-mediated HCC metastasis. These findings suggest that methylation-mediated miR-129-3p downregulation promotes EMT, in vitro invasion and in vivo metastasis of HCC cells via activation of PI3K/Akt and p38-MAPK signalings partially by targeting Aurora-A. Therefore, miR-129-3p may be a novel prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Cui
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bing Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lei Lu
- Liver Disease Center of PLA, The 81th Hospital of PLA, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ziman Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Longbang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China
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Lu CY, Chen SY, Peng HL, Kan PY, Chang WC, Yen CJ. Cell-free methylation markers with diagnostic and prognostic potential in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6406-6418. [PMID: 28031532 PMCID: PMC5351641 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality. There is a dearth of effective early diagnostic tools, so liver resection surgery and liver transplantation are the only effective medical treatments. The most commonly used marker for HCC detection is serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP), which has low sensitivity and specificity. Because aberrant DNA methylation of genes and miRNAs occurs early in most cancers, we explored whether circulating methylation markers could be promising clinical tools for HCC diagnosis. Using a whole-genome approach, we identified many hyper-methylated miRNAs in HCC. Furthermore, three abnormally methylated genes and one miRNA were combined to establish a methylation predictive model and tested for its diagnostic and prognostic potential in HCC. Using plasma samples, the predictive model exhibited high sensitivity and specificity (> 80%) for HBV-related HCC. Most importantly, nearly 75% of patients who could not be diagnosed with AFP at 20 ng/mL were detected by this model. Further, the predictive model exhibited an exceedingly high ability to predict 5-year overall survival in HCC patients. These data demonstrate the high diagnostic and prognostic potential of methylation markers in the plasma of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yi Lu
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Labs, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ya Chen
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Labs, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Peng
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Labs, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pu-Yeh Kan
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Labs, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chi Chang
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Labs, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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10
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Clinical and biological significance of miR-23b and miR-193a in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6955-6969. [PMID: 28036298 PMCID: PMC5351682 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common cancer of the liver with a very poor prognosis. The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRs) is indeed implicated in HCC onset and progression. In this study, we have evaluated the expression of miR-23b and miR-193a in a large cohort of 59 and 67 HCC patients, respectively. miR-23b and miR-193a resulted significantly down-regulated in primary HCCs compared to their matched peritumoral counterparts. Furthermore, patients with higher miR-193a expression exhibited longer OS and DFS, suggesting that miR-193a may be a molecular prognostic factor for HCC patients. Since the regulation of miRs by DNA methylation may occur in human cancers, we verified whether the down-modulation of miR-23b and miR-193a in HCC tissues could be related to DNA methylation. An inverse trend between miR-23b expression and DNA methylation was observed, indicating that miR-23b can be epigenetically regulated. By contrast, the down-regulation of miR-193a was not mediated by DNA methylation. To verify the potential role of miR-23b and miR-193a as responsive molecular targets in vitro, we used the inhibitor of DNA methylation 5-aza-dC to restore miR-23b expression level in combination with miR-193a transfection. The combined treatment led to a significant inhibition of cellular proliferation and migration. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that miR-23b and miR-193a may be molecular diagnostic and prognostic factors for HCC; furthermore, miR-23b and miR-193a are responsive molecular targets for limiting HCC cell aggressiveness in combination with the epigenetic drug 5-aza-dC. Moreover, our results provide new advances in the epigenetic regulation of these miRs in HCC.
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11
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Vrba L, Futscher BW. A suite of DNA methylation markers that can detect most common human cancers. Epigenetics 2018; 13:61-72. [PMID: 29212414 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2017.1412907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-specific DNA methylation from the tumor derived fraction of cell free DNA found in blood samples could be used for minimally invasive detection and monitoring of cancer. The knowledge of marker regions with cancer-specific DNA methylation is necessary to the success of such a process. We analyzed the largest cancer DNA methylation dataset available-TCGA Illumina HumanMethylation450 data with over 8,500 tumors-in order to find cancer-specific DNA methylation markers for most common human cancers. First, we identified differentially methylated regions for individual cancer types and those were further filtered against data from normal tissues to obtain marker regions with cancer-specific methylation, resulting in a total of 1,250 hypermethylated and 584 hypomethylated marker CpGs. From hypermethylated markers, optimal sets of six markers for each TCGA cancer type were chosen that could identify most tumors with high specificity and sensitivity [area under the curve (AUC): 0.969-1.000] and a universal 12 marker set that can detect tumors of all 33 TCGA cancer types (AUC >0.84). In addition to hundreds of new DNA methylation markers, our approach also identified markers that are in current clinical use, SEPT9 and GSTP1, indicating the validity of our approach and a significant potential utility for the newly discovered markers. The hypermethylated markers are linked to polycomb associated loci and a significant fraction of the discovered markers is within noncoding RNA genes; one of the best markers is MIR129-2. Future clinical testing of herein discovered markers will confirm new markers that will improve minimally invasive diagnosis and monitoring for multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Vrba
- a The University of Arizona Cancer Center , Tucson , AZ 85724 , USA
| | - Bernard W Futscher
- a The University of Arizona Cancer Center , Tucson , AZ 85724 , USA.,b Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , The University of Arizona , Tucson , AZ 85724 , USA
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MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of HMGB1 in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2754941. [PMID: 29651425 PMCID: PMC5832039 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2754941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a potential therapeutic target and novel biomarker in a variety of malignant tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). More recently, a number of microRNAs (miRNAs) are identified as a class of regulators for broad control of HMGB1-mediated biological actions in eukaryotic cells. In this review article we will describe representative miRNAs involved in regulating the HMGB1 signaling pathways in HCC cell lines and/or animal models. We also propose the possible mechanisms underlying the miRNA/HMGB1 axis and discuss the future clinical significance of miRNAs targeting HMGB1 molecule for HCC therapy.
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Wilting SM, Miok V, Jaspers A, Boon D, Sørgård H, Lando M, Snoek BC, van Wieringen WN, Meijer CJLM, Lyng H, Snijders PJF, Steenbergen RDM. Aberrant methylation-mediated silencing of microRNAs contributes to HPV-induced anchorage independence. Oncotarget 2018; 7:43805-43819. [PMID: 27270309 PMCID: PMC5190061 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer and a subset of anogenital and head-and-neck carcinomas are caused by high-risk types of the human papillomavirus (hrHPV). During hrHPV-induced malignant transformation keratinocytes become able to grow anchorage independently, a tumorigenic trait at least partly associated with inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. We used hrHPV-containing keratinocytes to investigate the role of DNA methylation-mediated silencing of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the acquisition of anchorage independence. Anchorage dependent (n=11) and independent passages (n=19) of 4 hrHPV-immortalized keratinocyte cell lines were treated with 2′-deoxy-5-azacytidine (DAC). Genome-wide miRNA expression profiles before and after treatment were compared to identify miRNAs silenced by methylation. Bisulfite sequencing and methylation-specific PCR showed increased methylation of hsa-mir-129-2/-137/-935/-3663/-3665 and -4281 in anchorage independent HPV-transformed keratinocytes and cervical cancer cell lines. Mature miRNAs derived from hsa-mir-129-2/-137/-3663 and -3665 showed functional relevance as they decreased anchorage independence in cervical cancer cell lines. Cervical (pre)cancerous lesions demonstrated increased methylation of hsa-mir-129-2/-935/-3663/-3665 and -4281, underlining the clinical relevance of our findings. In conclusion, methylation-mediated silencing of tumor suppressive miRNAs contributes to acquisition of an anchorage independent phenotype. This study further substantiates the importance of miRNAs during early stages of carcinogenesis and underlines their potential as both disease markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia M Wilting
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Viktorian Miok
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annelieke Jaspers
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Debby Boon
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne Sørgård
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Malin Lando
- Department of Radiation Biology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Barbara C Snoek
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wessel N van Wieringen
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J L M Meijer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heidi Lyng
- Department of Radiation Biology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Methylation-mediated repression of microRNA-129-2 suppresses cell aggressiveness by inhibiting high mobility group box 1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:36909-36923. [PMID: 27191994 PMCID: PMC5095048 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and its dysfunction have been revealed as crucial modulators of cancer initiation and progression. MiR-129-2 has been reported to play a tumor suppressive role in different human malignancies. Here, we demonstrated that miR-129-2 was significantly decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, miR-129-2 was expressed at significant lower levels in aggressive and recurrent tumor tissues. Clinical analysis indicated that miR-129-2 expression was inversely correlated with venous infiltration, high Edmondson-Steiner grading and advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage in HCC. Notably, miR-129-2 was an independent prognostic factor for indicating overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of HCC patients. Ectopic expression of miR-129-2 inhibited cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we confirmed that high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was a direct target of miR-129-2, and it abrogated the function of miR-129-2 in HCC. Mechanistic investigations showed that miR-129-2 overexpression inhibited AKT phosphorylation at Ser473 and decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase2/9 (MMP2/9). Upregulation of p-AKT abolished the decreased cell migration and invasion induced by miR-129-2 in HCC. Whereas inhibition of Akt phosphorylation significantly decreased HMGB1-enhanced HCC cell migration and invasion. Moreover, we found that miR-129-2 was downregulated by DNA methylation, and demethylation of miR-129-2 increased miR-129-2 expression in HCC cells and resulted in significant inhibitory effects on cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, miR-129-2 may serve as a prognostic indicator for HCC patients and exerts tumor suppressive role, at least in part, by inhibiting HMGB1.
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Seidu RA, Wu M, Su Z, Xu H. Paradoxical Role of High Mobility Group Box 1 in Glioma: A Suppressor or a Promoter? Oncol Rev 2017; 11:325. [PMID: 28382190 PMCID: PMC5364998 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2017.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas represent 60% of primary intracranial brain tumors and 80% of all malignant types, with highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although glioma has been extensively studied, the molecular mechanisms underlying its pathology remain poorly understood. Clarification of the molecular mechanisms involved in their development and/or treatment resistance is highly required. High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can also act as an extracellular trigger of inflammation, proliferation and migration, through receptor for advanced glycation end products and toll like receptors in a number of cancers including gliomas. It is known that excessive release of HMGB1 in cancer leads to unlimited replicative potential, ability to develop blood vessels (angiogenesis), evasion of programmed cell death (apoptosis), self-sufficiency in growth signals, insensitivity to inhibitors of growth, inflammation, tissue invasion and metastasis. In this review we explore the mechanisms by which HMGB1 regulates apoptosis and autophagy in glioma. We also looked at how HMGB1 mediates glioma regression and promotes angiogenesis as well as possible signaling pathways with an attempt to provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Seidu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Jiangbin Hospital), Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Jiangbin Hospital), Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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MicroRNA promoter methylation: a new tool for accurate detection of urothelial carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:634-639. [PMID: 28081549 PMCID: PMC5344289 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common cancer affecting the urinary system, worldwide. Lack of accurate early detection tools entails delayed diagnosis, precluding more efficient and timely treatment. In a previous study, we found that miR-129-2 and miR-663a were differentially methylated in UC compared with other genitourinary tract malignancies. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of those microRNAs in urine. Methods: Promoter methylation levels of miR-129-2 and miR-663a were assessed, using real-time quantitative methylation-specific PCR, in UC tissue samples (using normal urothelium as control) and, subsequently, in urine samples from UC and other genitourinary malignancies. Diagnostic and prognostic performances were evaluated by receiver operator characteristics curve and survival analyses, respectively. Results: Promoter methylation levels of both microRNAs were significantly higher in UC tissue samples compared with normal urothelium. In urine, the assay was able to distinguish UC from other genitourinary tract carcinomas with 87.7% sensitivity and 84% specificity, resulting in 85.85% overall accuracy. Conclusions: This panel of miRNAs promoter methylation accurately detects UC in urine, comparing well with other promising epigenetic-based biomarkers. This may constitute the basis for a non-invasive assay to detect UC.
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Fiorino S, Bacchi-Reggiani ML, Visani M, Acquaviva G, Fornelli A, Masetti M, Tura A, Grizzi F, Zanello M, Mastrangelo L, Lombardi R, Di Tommaso L, Bondi A, Sabbatani S, Domanico A, Fabbri C, Leandri P, Pession A, Jovine E, de Biase D. MicroRNAs as possible biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of hepatitis B- and C-related-hepatocellular-carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:3907-3936. [PMID: 27099435 PMCID: PMC4823242 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i15.3907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim of the present review is to summarize the current knowledge about the potential relationship between miRNAs and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-hepatitis C virus (HCV) related liver diseases. A systematic computer-based search of published articles, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis Statement, was performed to identify relevant studies on usefulness of serum/plasma/urine miRNAs, as noninvasive biomarkers for early detection of HBV and HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, as well as for its prognostic evaluation. The used Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords were: “HBV”, “HCV”, “hepatocellular carcinoma”, “microRNAs”, “miRNAs”, “diagnosis”, “prognosis”, “therapy”, “treatment”. Some serum/plasma miRNAs, including miR-21, miR-122, mi-125a/b, miR-199a/b, miR-221, miR-222, miR-223, miR-224 might serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis/prognosis of HCC, but, to date, not definitive results or well-defined panels of miRNAs have been obtained. More well-designed studies, focusing on populations of different geographical areas and involving larger series of patients, should be carried out to improve our knowledge on the potential role of miRNAs for HCC early detection and prognosis.
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Suzuki H, Maruyama R, Yamamoto E, Niinuma T, Kai M. Relationship Between Noncoding RNA Dysregulation and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 927:109-35. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-1498-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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19
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Methylation of miR-129-5p CpG island modulates multi-drug resistance in gastric cancer by targeting ABC transporters. Oncotarget 2015; 5:11552-63. [PMID: 25344911 PMCID: PMC4294356 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that hyper-methylation in the promoter region of miRNAs could silence the expression of tumor suppressive miRNAs and might play significant roles in the process of tumor development. However, the potential mechanisms regarding how methylation of miRNA CpG Island could regulate cancer cell chemo-resistance have not yet been studied. Using microarray and BSP (Bisulfate Sequencing PCR) assays, we found that compared with the parent SGC7901/VCR cells, expression of miR-129-5p was restored in SGC7901/VCR gastric cancer multi-drug resistant cell line treated by de-methylation reagent (5-AZA-dC). Using gain or loss of function assays, we found the over-expressed miR-129-5p reduced the chemo-resistance of SGC7901/VCR and SGC7901/ADR cells, while down-regulation of miR-129-5p had an opposite effect. Furthermore, three members of multi-drug resistance (MDR) related ABC transporters (ABCB1, ABCC5 and ABCG1) were found to be direct targets of miR-129-5p using bioinformatics analysis and report gene assays. The present study indicated that hyper-methylation of miR-129-5p CpG island might play important roles in the development of gastric cancer chemo-resistance by targeting MDR related ABC transporters and might be used as a potential therapeutic target in preventing the chemo-resistance of gastric cancer.
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20
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Sidhu K, Kapoor NR, Pandey V, Kumar V. The "Macro" World of microRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2015; 5:68. [PMID: 25859429 PMCID: PMC4373247 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatotropic viruses such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the major etiological agents associated with development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Progression of HCC is a multistep process that requires sequential or parallel deregulation of oncogenic and tumor suppressive pathways leading to chromosomal instability and neoplastic phenotype. In the recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have carved their own niche alongside oncogenes and tumor suppressors, owing to their innate ability to receive and relay multiple signals. Not surprisingly, miRNAs are fast emerging as central player in myriads of malignancies including HCC. miRNAs are reported to participate in initiation and progression of HCC, and have also been clinically correlated with risk assessment, disease grade, aggressiveness, and prognosis. Despite extensive data available on the role of miRNAs in HCC, there is a pressing need to integrate and evaluate these datasets to find its correlation, if any, with causal agents in order to devise novel interventional modalities. Through this review, we attempt to bridge the gap by consolidating the current knowledge and concepts in the field of HCC-related miRNAs with special emphasis on HBV and HCV. Further, we assess the potential of common as well as unique signatures that may be useful in developing novel biomarkers and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveri Sidhu
- Virology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , New Delhi , India
| | - Neetu Rohit Kapoor
- Virology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , New Delhi , India
| | - Vijaya Pandey
- Virology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , New Delhi , India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Virology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , New Delhi , India
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21
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Yang Y, Huang JQ, Zhang X, Shen LF. MiR-129-2 functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma cells by targeting HMGB1 and is down-regulated by DNA methylation. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 404:229-39. [PMID: 25772485 PMCID: PMC4544670 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation is causally related to cancer development and progression, and recent reports have revealed that DNA methylation constitutes an important mechanism for miRNA deregulation in cancer. MiR-129-2 has been reported to be down-regulated and functions as a tumor suppressor in a few human cancers. However, the involvement of miR-129-2 in the pathology of glioma and the mechanism underlying miR-129-2 regulation in glioma cells remain unclear. In this study, we performed quantitative PCR to investigate the level of miR-129-2 in 21 pairs of glioma tumors and matched adjacent tissues and found that miR-129-2 is down-regulated in glioma tumors. In vitro cell growth, apoptosis, cell migration, and invasion assays revealed that miR-129-2 functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma cells. Luciferase reporter assay found that miR-129-2 could directly target high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and inhibit its expression in glioma cells. Methylation-specific PCR found that DNA methylation in upstream regions of miR-129-2 occured more frequently in cancer tissues than in adjacent tissues. Demethylation of miR-129-2 by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment and quantitative PCR analysis revealed that miR-129-2 expression is epigenetically regulated in glioma cells. Taken together, our data suggested that miR-129-2 functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma cells by directly targeting HMGB1 and is down-regulated by DNA methylation, which may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
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22
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Serum/plasma microRNAs as biomarkers for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma in China. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:965185. [PMID: 25688372 PMCID: PMC4320924 DOI: 10.1155/2015/965185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small RNAs with a fundamental role in the regulation of gene expression. These RNAs have been shown to participate in various cellular and physiological processes, including cellular development, apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation. Aberrant expression of several miRNAs was found to be involved in a large variety of neoplasms, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous studies have shown the existence of a large amount of stable miRNAs in human serum/plasma, which laid the foundation for studying the role of serum/plasma miRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. Here, we review the recent progress in research on serum miRNAs as biomarkers for HCC in Chinese patients.
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Song R, Liu Q, Liu T, Li J. Connecting rules from paired miRNA and mRNA expression data sets of HCV patients to detect both inverse and positive regulatory relationships. BMC Genomics 2015; 16 Suppl 2:S11. [PMID: 25707620 PMCID: PMC4331711 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-16-s2-s11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive research based on the inverse expression relationship has been undertaken to discover the miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules involved in the infection of Hepatitis C virus (HCV), the leading cause of chronic liver diseases. However, biological studies in other fields have found that inverse expression relationship is not the only regulatory relationship between miRNAs and their targets, and some miRNAs can positively regulate a mRNA by binding at the 5' UTR of the mRNA. RESULTS This work focuses on the detection of both inverse and positive regulatory relationships from a paired miRNA and mRNA expression data set of HCV patients through a 'change-to-change' method which can derive connected discriminatory rules. Our study uncovered many novel miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules. In particular, it was revealed that GFRA2 is positively regulated by miR-557, miR-765 and miR-17-3p that probably bind at different locations of the 5' UTR of this mRNA. The expression relationship between GFRA2 and any of these three miRNAs has not been studied before, although separate research for this gene and these miRNAs have all drawn conclusions linked to hepatocellular carcinoma. This suggests that the binding of mRNA GFRA2 with miR-557, miR-765, or miR-17-3p, or their combinations, is worthy of further investigation by experimentation. We also report another mRNA QKI which has a strong inverse expression relationship with miR-129 and miR-493-3p which may bind at the 3' UTR of QKI with a perfect sequence match. Furthermore, the interaction between hsa-miR-129-5p (previous ID: hsa-miR-129) and QKI is supported with CLIP-Seq data from starBase. Our method can be easily extended for the expression data analysis of other diseases. CONCLUSION Our rule discovery method is useful for integrating binding information and expression profile for identifying HCV miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules and can be applied to the study of the expression profiles of other complex human diseases.
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Fesler A, Zhai H, Ju J. miR-129 as a novel therapeutic target and biomarker in gastrointestinal cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2014; 7:1481-5. [PMID: 25187728 PMCID: PMC4149397 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s65548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, cancer research efforts in the field of noncoding microRNA (miRNA) have been growing exponentially. miRNA-based therapeutics have been tested in both preclinical and clinical settings, and miRNA-based cancer diagnostics and prognostics have moved into clinics to help better manage cancer treatment. A growing body of evidence in recent literature suggests miRNA-129 plays important roles in gastrointestinal cancer, including gastric, colorectal, hepatocellular carcinoma, and esophageal cancer. In this review, we focus on accumulating evidence demonstrating the key roles that miRNA-129 plays in tumorigenesis, disease progression, chemoresistance, proliferation, and cell cycle control. Understanding the emerging roles and mechanisms of miRNA-129 in cancer will help us realize the therapeutic and diagnostic/prognostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Fesler
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Haiyan Zhai
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jingfang Ju
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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Anwar SL, Lehmann U. DNA methylation, microRNAs, and their crosstalk as potential biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:7894-7913. [PMID: 24976726 PMCID: PMC4069317 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i24.7894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations have been identified as a major characteristic in human cancers. Advances in the field of epigenetics have contributed significantly in refining our knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying malignant transformation. DNA methylation and microRNA expression are epigenetic mechanisms that are widely altered in human cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third leading cause of cancer related mortality worldwide. Both DNA methylation and microRNA expression patterns are regulated in developmental stage specific-, cell type specific- and tissue-specific manner. The aberrations are inferred in the maintenance of cancer stem cells and in clonal cell evolution during carcinogenesis. The availability of genome-wide technologies for DNA methylation and microRNA profiling has revolutionized the field of epigenetics and led to the discovery of a number of epigenetically silenced microRNAs in cancerous cells and primary tissues. Dysregulation of these microRNAs affects several key signalling pathways in hepatocarcinogenesis suggesting that modulation of DNA methylation and/or microRNA expression can serve as new therapeutic targets for HCC. Accumulative evidence shows that aberrant DNA methylation of certain microRNA genes is an event specifically found in HCC which correlates with unfavorable outcomes. Therefore, it can potentially serve as a biomarker for detection as well as for prognosis, monitoring and predicting therapeutic responses in HCC.
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26
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Chen X, Ruan A, Wang X, Han W, Wang R, Lou N, Ruan H, Qiu B, Yang H, Zhang X. miR-129-3p, as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for renal cell carcinoma, attenuates cell migration and invasion via downregulating multiple metastasis-related genes. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 140:1295-304. [PMID: 24802708 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Downregulation of miRNA expression has been identified as a novel feature of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Recently, miR-129-2 is well known to be frequently reduced by DNA methylation and has anti-tumor effects in various tumors but so far not in RCC. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance and the role of it in RCC. METHODS The expression levels of miR-129-3p and miR-129-5p, two mature products of miR-129-2, were determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR in 69 cases of paired different kidney tumors and normal tissues and clear cell RCC (ccRCC) cell lines. The roles of them in RCC cells were assessed by functional analyses. Protein expression was detected by Western blot. RESULTS miR-129-3p, but not miR-129-5p, was widely attenuated in human ccRCC, and chromophobe RCC. miR-129-3p could yield 73.5 % accuracy in discriminating ccRCCs from normal tissues. The relative miR-129-3p expression significantly differed between malignant and benign kidney tumors. Importantly, low miR-129-3p levels were associated with short disease-free and overall survival. Ectopic expression of miR-129-3p robustly impaired RCC cell migratory and invasive properties, but had no impact on cell viability and cell cycle distribution. Finally, miR-129-3p decreased multiple metastasis-related genes in RCC cells, including SOX4, phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and MMP-2/9 expression. CONCLUSIONS miR-129-3p may act as a promising diagnostic biomarker for discriminating ccRCC from benign tumors and normal tissues and an independent prognostic biomarker in ccRCC. miR-129-3p may exert its anti-metastatic function through modulating multiple targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Huang YW, Kuo CT, Chen JH, Goodfellow PJ, Huang THM, Rader JS, Uyar DS. Hypermethylation of miR-203 in endometrial carcinomas. Gynecol Oncol 2014; 133:340-5. [PMID: 24530564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aberrant expression of SOX4 in endometrial cancer has been identified and partially was contributed to hypermethylation of miR-129-2. Other miRNAs are suspected to influence SOX 4 as well. The current study seeks to identify other hypermethylated miRNAs that regulate SOX4 in endometrial carcinomas. METHODS Methylation levels of miRNA promoter regions were measured by combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA) and pyrosequencing assays. Gene expression was determined by RT-qPCR. Methylation level of a miRNA locus was corrected with clinicopathologic factors for 252 gynecological specimens. RESULTS In silico analysis identified 13 miRNA loci bound on the 3'-UTR of SOX4. Using COBRA assays, increased methylation of miR-203, miR-219-2, miR-596, and miR-618 was detected in endometrial cancer cells relative to those seen in a normal cell line and in normal endometrium. Transfection of a miR-203 mimic decreased SOX4 gene expression. Hypermethylation of miR-203 was detected in 52% of type I endometrioid endometrial carcinomas (n=131) but was not seen in any of 10 uninvolved normal endometria (P<0.001). Methylation status of miR-203 was significantly associated with microsatellite instability and MLH1 methylation in endometrial tumors (P<0.001). Furthermore, hypermethylation of miR-203 was found in endometrioid and clear endometrial subtype tumors, but not in cervical squamous cell and ovarian carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS Hypermethylation of miR-203 is a frequent event in endometrial carcinomas and is strongly associated with microsatellite instability and MLH1 methylation status. Thus, miR-203 methylation level might represent a marker for patients with endometrioid and clear endometrial sub-cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Chieh-Ti Kuo
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jo-Hsin Chen
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Paul J Goodfellow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tim H-M Huang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapy & Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Janet S Rader
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Denise S Uyar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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Frau M, Feo CF, Feo F, Pascale RM. New insights on the role of epigenetic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2014; 1:65-83. [PMID: 27508177 PMCID: PMC4918272 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s44506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence assigns to epigenetic mechanisms heritable differences in gene function that come into being during cell development or via the effect of environmental factors. Epigenetic deregulation is strongly involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It includes changes in methionine metabolism, promoter hypermethylation, or increased proteasomal degradation of oncosuppressors, as well as posttranscriptional deregulation by microRNA or messenger RNA (mRNA) binding proteins. Alterations in the methylation of the promoter of methyl adenosyltransferase MAT1A and MAT2A genes in HCC result in decreased S-adenosylmethionine levels, global DNA hypomethylation, and deregulation of signal transduction pathways linked to methionine metabolism and methyl adenosyltransferases activity. Changes in S-adenosylmethionine levels may also depend on MAT1A mRNA destabilization associated with MAT2A mRNA stabilization by specific proteins. Decrease in MAT1A expression has also been attributed to miRNA upregulation in HCC. A complex deregulation of miRNAs is also strongly involved in hepatocarcinogenesis, with up-regulation of different miRNAs targeting oncosuppressor genes and down-regulation of miRNAs targeting genes involved in cell-cycle and signal transduction control. Oncosuppressor gene down-regulation in HCC is also induced by promoter hypermethylation or posttranslational deregulation, leading to proteasomal degradation. The role of epigenetic changes in hepatocarcinogenesis has recently suggested new promising therapeutic approaches for HCC on the basis of the administration of methylating agents, inhibition of methyl adenosyltransferases, and restoration of the expression of tumor-suppressor miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Frau
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Claudio F Feo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesco Feo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rosa M Pascale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Maia BM, Rocha RM, Calin GA. Clinical significance of the interaction between non-coding RNAs and the epigenetics machinery: challenges and opportunities in oncology. Epigenetics 2013; 9:75-80. [PMID: 24121593 DOI: 10.4161/epi.26488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs and epigenetics are remarkable mechanisms of cellular control. In this review we underline the processes by which non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), shown to be involved in various diseases, are capable of modifying and being modified by the epigenetic machinery, emphasizing the clinical importance of this network in cancer. Many ncRNAs have been described that play important roles in the establishment and maintenance of the epigenome. However, only a few studies deeply take into account the role of ncRNAs from a clinicopathological standpoint. The wide range of interactions between the non-coding RNome and the epigenome, and the roles of these networks in the pathogenesis, prognosis and early diagnosis of many diseases, present new challenges and opportunities for future studies regarding therapeutic strategies in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz M Maia
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, TX USA; Molecular Morphology Department; AC Camargo Cancer Center; Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Rocha
- Molecular Morphology Department; AC Camargo Cancer Center; Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, TX USA; The Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, TX USA
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