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Chaoxi W, Yubin C, Yunfu C, Lujiang X, Wei Q. Understanding dilution effects on particle-containing pesticide droplets deposition on rice leaf via developing CFD-VOF-DPM model. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:4725-4735. [PMID: 38804696 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticide dilution is one of the essential aspects of plant protection. However, the effect of dilution on the deposition characteristics of pesticide droplets containing particulate additives on crop leaf surfaces remains unclear and warrants further research. Herein, a validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-volume of fluid (VOF)-discrete phase model (DPM) numerical model was developed to analyze the influence of particle content on the deposition behavior of droplets on the leaf surface comparatively, taking into account the particle content of different diluted thifluzamide solutions. Additionally, the study aimed to analyze further the kinetic behavior of pesticide droplets landing on rice leaves across different dilution conditions. RESULTS Pesticide droplets diluted 100-fold had a lower retraction rate during spreading than particle-free droplets, so the solution is more easily deposited in the leaves. Moreover, the low dilution (high concentration) increased the critical adhesion rate between droplets and rice leaves, inhibiting the bouncing of droplets on the leaf surface, thus promoting their effective deposition on the surface. In addition, low dilution (high concentration) is not conducive to spreading droplets when the impact velocity is high, and it also results in a large amount of pesticide use. CONCLUSION The actual application process can be through understanding the dilution factor of the configured pesticide solution, and reasonable adjustment of the nozzle pressure can effectively improve the utilization rate of pesticides and reduce the pollution brought by pesticides to the environment. These results provide an essential reference for studying pesticide droplet deposition characteristics, including rice plant protection and spraying technology. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Chaoxi
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cao Yubin
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Yunfu
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Lujiang
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiu Wei
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Shen T, Gao C, Deng X, Liu S, Liu Z, Peng J, Ma J, Bai L, Jiang L, Dong Z. A smart roof that transforms raindrops into agricultural spraying. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9538-9541. [PMID: 39140198 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03251a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
We present a smart roof that makes fragmented droplets from the impact of raindrops on superhydrophobic meshes and utilizes the droplets for agricultural spraying. This facile method transforms raindrops or waterdrops into uniform microdroplets, which can both reduce crop lodging induced by heavy rainfall, and realize uniform spraying of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Shen
- Research Institute for Frontier Science, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Beijing, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
| | - Can Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
- School of Future Technology & School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, People's Republic of China
| | - Xile Deng
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Weeds, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shijie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhuoxing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
- School of Future Technology & School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
- School of Future Technology & School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
- School of Future Technology & School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianyang Bai
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Weeds, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- Research Institute for Frontier Science, Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Beijing, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhichao Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
- School of Future Technology & School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, People's Republic of China
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Pal GC, Agrawal M, Siddhartha SS, Sharma CS. Damping the jump of coalescing droplets through substrate compliance. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:6361-6370. [PMID: 39076071 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00643g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Sessile droplets coalescing on superhydrophobic surfaces result in spontaneous droplet jumping. Here, through coalescence experiments and fluid-structure interaction simulations for microliter droplets, we demonstrate that such droplet jumping can be damped if the underlying substrate is designed to be compliant. We show that a compliant superhydrophobic substrate with synergistic combinations of low stiffness and inertia deforms rapidly during the coalescence process to minimize the substrate reaction, thus diminishing the jumping velocity. A spring-mass system model for coalescing water droplets is proposed that successfully captures droplet motion and substrate deformation for a wide range of compliant superhydrophobic substrates. These insights can be leveraged to improve the process efficiency in multiple applications, such as designing compliant superhydrophobic substrates for minimizing the scattering of small, nanoliter-sized droplets during atmospheric water harvesting. Lastly, experiments on an exemplar butterfly wing show that droplet jumping velocity reduction can also manifest on natural superhydrophobic substrates due to their inherent compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Chandra Pal
- Thermofluidics Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140 001, India.
| | - Manish Agrawal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140 001, India
| | - Saladi Satya Siddhartha
- Thermofluidics Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140 001, India.
| | - Chander Shekhar Sharma
- Thermofluidics Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140 001, India.
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Teixeira-Santos R, Azevedo A, Romeu MJ, Amador CI, Gomes LC, Whitehead KA, Sjollema J, Burmølle M, Mergulhão FJ. The use of biomimetic surfaces to reduce single- and dual-species biofilms of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida. Biofilm 2024; 7:100185. [PMID: 38444517 PMCID: PMC10912049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability of bacteria to adhere to and form biofilms on food contact surfaces poses serious challenges, as these may lead to the cross-contamination of food products. Biomimetic topographic surface modifications have been explored to enhance the antifouling performance of materials. In this study, the topography of two plant leaves, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (cauliflower, CF) and Brassica oleracea capitate (white cabbage, WC), was replicated through wax moulding, and their antibiofilm potential was tested against single- and dual-species biofilms of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida. Biomimetic surfaces exhibited higher roughness values (SaWC = 4.0 ± 1.0 μm and SaCF = 3.3 ± 1.0 μm) than the flat control (SaF = 0.6 ± 0.2 μm), whilst the CF surface demonstrated a lower interfacial free energy (ΔGiwi) than the WC surface (-100.08 mJ m-2 and -71.98 mJ m-2, respectively). The CF and WC surfaces had similar antibiofilm effects against single-species biofilms, achieving cell reductions of approximately 50% and 60% for E. coli and P. putida, respectively, compared to the control. Additionally, the biomimetic surfaces led to reductions of up to 60% in biovolume, 45% in thickness, and 60% in the surface coverage of single-species biofilms. For dual-species biofilms, only the E. coli strain growing on the WC surface exhibited a significant decrease in the cell count. However, confocal microscopy analysis revealed a 60% reduction in the total biovolume and surface coverage of mixed biofilms developed on both biomimetic surfaces. Furthermore, dual-species biofilms were mainly composed of P. putida, which reduced E. coli growth. Altogether, these results demonstrate that the surface properties of CF and WC biomimetic surfaces have the potential for reducing biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Teixeira-Santos
- LEPABE – Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Azevedo
- LEPABE – Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Romeu
- LEPABE – Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina I. Amador
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Luciana C. Gomes
- LEPABE – Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Kathryn A. Whitehead
- Microbiology at Interfaces, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M15GD, UK
| | - Jelmer Sjollema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mette Burmølle
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filipe J. Mergulhão
- LEPABE – Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
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Pimentel C, Pina CM, Müller N, Lara LA, Melo Rodriguez G, Orlando F, Schoelkopf J, Fernández V. Mineral Particles in Foliar Fertilizer Formulations Can Improve the Rate of Foliar Uptake. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:71. [PMID: 38202379 PMCID: PMC10780703 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The application of foliar sprays of suspensions of relatively insoluble essential element salts is gradually becoming common, chiefly with the introduction of nano-technology approaches in agriculture. However, there is controversy about the effectiveness of such sparingly soluble nutrient sources as foliar fertilizers. In this work, we focussed on analysing the effect of adding Ca-carbonate (calcite, CaCO3) micro- and nano-particles as model sparingly soluble mineral compounds to foliar fertilizer formulations in terms of increasing the rate of foliar absorption. For these purposes, we carried out short-term foliar application experiments by treating leaves of species with variable surface features and wettability rates. The leaf absorption efficacy of foliar formulations containing a surfactant and model soluble nutrient sources, namely Ca-chloride (CaCl2), magnesium sulphate (MgSO4), potassium nitrate (KNO3), or zinc sulphate (ZnSO4), was evaluated alone or after addition of calcite particles. In general, the combination of the Ca-carbonate particles with an essential element salt had a synergistic effect and improved the absorption of Ca and the nutrient element provided. In light of the positive effects of using calcite particles as foliar formulation adjuvants, dolomite nano- and micro-particles were also tested as foliar formulation additives, and the results were also positive in terms of increasing foliar uptake. The observed nutrient element foliar absorption efficacy can be partially explained by geochemical modelling, which enabled us to predict how these formulations will perform at least in chemical terms. Our results show the major potential of adding mineral particles as foliar formulation additives, but the associated mechanisms of action and possible additional benefits to plants should be characterised in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pimentel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, Université Gustave Eiffel, ISTerre, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Carlos M. Pina
- Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Geociencias (UCM-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nora Müller
- New Applications Research Group, Research and Development Services, Omya International AG, 4622 Egerkingen, Switzerland; (N.M.); (G.M.R.); (F.O.); (J.S.)
| | - Luis Adrián Lara
- Systems and Natural Resources Department, School of Forest Engineering, Polytechnic University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Gabriela Melo Rodriguez
- New Applications Research Group, Research and Development Services, Omya International AG, 4622 Egerkingen, Switzerland; (N.M.); (G.M.R.); (F.O.); (J.S.)
| | - Fabrizio Orlando
- New Applications Research Group, Research and Development Services, Omya International AG, 4622 Egerkingen, Switzerland; (N.M.); (G.M.R.); (F.O.); (J.S.)
| | - Joachim Schoelkopf
- New Applications Research Group, Research and Development Services, Omya International AG, 4622 Egerkingen, Switzerland; (N.M.); (G.M.R.); (F.O.); (J.S.)
| | - Victoria Fernández
- Systems and Natural Resources Department, School of Forest Engineering, Polytechnic University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro para la Conservación de la Biodiversidad y el Desarrollo Sostenible, School of Forest Engineering, Polytechnic University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Hu Z, Chu F, Shan H, Wu X, Dong Z, Wang R. Understanding and Utilizing Droplet Impact on Superhydrophobic Surfaces: Phenomena, Mechanisms, Regulations, Applications, and Beyond. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2310177. [PMID: 38069449 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Droplet impact is a ubiquitous liquid behavior that closely tied to human life and production, making indispensable impacts on the big world. Nature-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces provide a powerful platform for regulating droplet impact dynamics. The collision between classic phenomena of droplet impact and the advanced manufacture of superhydrophobic surfaces is lighting up the future. Accurately understanding, predicting, and tailoring droplet dynamic behaviors on superhydrophobic surfaces are progressive steps to integrate the droplet impact into versatile applications and further improve the efficiency. In this review, the progress on phenomena, mechanisms, regulations, and applications of droplet impact on superhydrophobic surfaces, bridging the gap between droplet impact, superhydrophobic surfaces, and engineering applications are comprehensively summarized. It is highlighted that droplet contact and rebound are two focal points, and their fundamentals and dynamic regulations on elaborately designed superhydrophobic surfaces are discussed in detail. For the first time, diverse applications are classified into four categories according to the requirements for droplet contact and rebound. The remaining challenges are also pointed out and future directions to trigger subsequent research on droplet impact from both scientific and applied perspectives are outlined. The review is expected to provide a general framework for understanding and utilizing droplet impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Hu
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fuqiang Chu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - He Shan
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhichao Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruzhu Wang
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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