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Behnoush AH, Khalaji A, Shokri Varniab Z, Rahbarghazi A, Amini E, Klisic A. Urinary and circulatory netrin-1 as biomarker in diabetes and its related complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 2024; 84:328-344. [PMID: 37996774 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03598-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel biomarkers have been suggested for the diagnosis and prognosis of diabetes mellitus. The biomarker utility of netrin-1 in diabetes as an extracellular protein has been investigated. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we reviewed the role of netrin-1 as a biomarker in prediabetes, diabetes, and complications of diabetes. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies that measured circulatory and/or urinary netrin-1 levels in diabetes and compared them with non-diabetic patients or evaluated the prognostic role of this marker. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random-effect meta-analysis to compare netrin-1 levels between groups. The impact of mean age, male sex percentage, sample size, mean body mass index, and publication year on the overall heterogeneity was assessed using meta-regression. RESULTS Among 413 records from international databases, 19 original studies were included with 2061 cases (1137 diabetics, 196 prediabetics, and 728 healthy controls). Meta-analysis of eight studies measuring netrin-1 in patients with diabetes and comparing it with healthy controls showed no significant difference between the two groups (SMD 0.69, 95% CI -0.78 to 2.16, I2 = 98%, p-value = 0.36). On the other hand, a meta-analysis of netrin-1 levels in patients with prediabetes in comparison with healthy controls revealed that they had lower levels (SMD -0.51, 95% CI -0.81 to -0.21, p-value < 0.01). Diabetic patients with microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria had significantly higher circulatory netrin-1 levels compared to normoalbuminuric group SMD 1.18, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.53, p-value < 0.01 and SMD 1.67, 95% CI 0.76 to 2.58, p-value < 0.01, respectively). Moreover, no difference in urinary netrin-1 levels was found between micro-, macro-, and normoalbuminuric groups (p-value > 0.05). CONCLUSION Netrin-1 showed promising results as a biomarker in diabetes prognosis. However, more studies are required to confirm our findings, and higher sample size studies are needed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of this marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Behnoush
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmohammad Khalaji
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Shokri Varniab
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Rahbarghazi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elahe Amini
- Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aleksandra Klisic
- University of Montenegro-Faculty of Medicine, Podgorica, Montenegro
- Center for Laboratory Diagnostics, Primary Health Care Center, Podgorica, Montenegro
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2
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Guo H, Wu H, Li Z. The Pathogenesis of Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086978. [PMID: 37108143 PMCID: PMC10139109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder, with an extremely serious effect on health systems worldwide. It has become a severe, chronic, non-communicable disease after cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Currently, 90% of diabetic patients suffer from type 2 diabetes. Hyperglycemia is the main hallmark of diabetes. The function of pancreatic cells gradually declines before the onset of clinical hyperglycemia. Understanding the molecular processes involved in the development of diabetes can provide clinical care with much-needed updates. This review provides the current global state of diabetes, the mechanisms involved in glucose homeostasis and diabetic insulin resistance, and the long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Guo
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Haili Wu
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Fu Z, Nilsson AK, Hellstrom A, Smith LEH. Retinopathy of prematurity: Metabolic risk factors. eLife 2022; 11:e80550. [PMID: 36420952 PMCID: PMC9691009 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
At preterm birth, the retina is incompletely vascularized. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is initiated by the postnatal suppression of physiological retinal vascular development that would normally occur in utero. As the neural retina slowly matures, increasing metabolic demand including in the peripheral avascular retina, leads to signals for compensatory but pathological neovascularization. Currently, only late neovascular ROP is treated. ROP could be prevented by promoting normal vascular growth. Early perinatal metabolic dysregulation is a strong but understudied risk factor for ROP and other long-term sequelae of preterm birth. We will discuss the metabolic and oxygen needs of retina, current treatments, and potential interventions to promote normal vessel growth including control of postnatal hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hyperoxia-induced retinal metabolic alterations. Early supplementation of missing nutrients and growth factors and control of supplemental oxygen promotes physiological retinal development. We will discuss the current knowledge gap in retinal metabolism after preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Anders K Nilsson
- The Sahlgrenska Centre for Pediatric Ophthalmology Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Ann Hellstrom
- The Sahlgrenska Centre for Pediatric Ophthalmology Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Lois EH Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
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Dong F, Liu Y, Yan W, Meng Q, Song X, Cheng B, Yao R. Netrin-4: Focus on Its Role in Axon Guidance, Tissue Stability, Angiogenesis and Tumors. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022:10.1007/s10571-022-01279-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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5
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Chen Q, Ji H, Lin Y, Chen Z, Liu Y, Jin L, Peng R. LncRNAs regulate ferroptosis to affect diabetes and its complications. Front Physiol 2022; 13:993904. [PMID: 36225311 PMCID: PMC9548856 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.993904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, the rapid increase in the incidence of diabetes and its complications poses a serious threat to human health. Ferroptosis, which is a new nonapoptotic form of cell death, has been proven to be closely related to the occurrence and development of diabetes and its complications. In recent years, lncRNAs have been confirmed to be involved in the occurrence and development of diabetes and play an important role in regulating ferroptosis. An increasing number of studies have shown that lncRNAs can affect the occurrence and development of diabetes and its complications by regulating ferroptosis. Therefore, lncRNAs have great potential as therapeutic targets for regulating ferroptosis-mediated diabetes and its complications. This paper reviewed the potential impact and regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis on diabetes and its complications, focusing on the effects of lncRNAs on the occurrence and development of ferroptosis-mediated diabetes and its complications and the regulation of ferroptosis-inducing reactive oxygen species, the key ferroptosis regulator Nrf2 and the NF-κB signaling pathway to provide new therapeutic strategies for the development of lncRNA-regulated ferroptosis-targeted drugs to treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hao Ji
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yue Lin
- Department of Emergency, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University and Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zheyan Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University and Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yinai Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Libo Jin, ; Renyi Peng,
| | - Renyi Peng
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Libo Jin, ; Renyi Peng,
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Tworig JM, Feller MB. Müller Glia in Retinal Development: From Specification to Circuit Integration. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 15:815923. [PMID: 35185477 PMCID: PMC8856507 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.815923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Müller glia of the retina share many features with astroglia located throughout the brain including maintenance of homeostasis, modulation of neurotransmitter spillover, and robust response to injury. Here we present the molecular factors and signaling events that govern Müller glial specification, patterning, and differentiation. Next, we discuss the various roles of Müller glia in retinal development, which include maintaining retinal organization and integrity as well as promoting neuronal survival, synaptogenesis, and phagocytosis of debris. Finally, we review the mechanisms by which Müller glia integrate into retinal circuits and actively participate in neuronal signaling during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M. Tworig
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Joshua M. Tworig,
| | - Marla B. Feller
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
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7
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Anti-Inflammatory Role of Netrin-4 in Diabetic Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094481. [PMID: 33923095 PMCID: PMC8123351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is characterized by dysfunction of the retinal vascular network, combined with a persistent low-grade inflammation that leads to vision-threatening complications. Netrin-4 (NTN4) is a laminin-related secreted protein and guidance cue molecule present in the vascular basal membrane and highly expressed in the retina. A number of studies inferred that the angiogenic abilities of NTN4 could contribute to stabilize vascular networks and modulate inflammation. Analyzing human specimens, we show that NTN4 and netrin receptors are upregulated in the diabetic retina. We further evaluated a knock-out model for NTN4 undergoing experimental diabetes induced by streptozotocin. We investigated retina function and immune cells in vivo and demonstrated that NTN4 provides a protective milieu against inflammation in the diabetic retina and prevents cytokine production.
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8
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Zhang H, Vreeken D, Leuning DG, Bruikman CS, Junaid A, Stam W, de Bruin RG, Sol WMPJ, Rabelink TJ, van den Berg BM, van Zonneveld AJ, van Gils JM. Netrin-4 expression by human endothelial cells inhibits endothelial inflammation and senescence. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 134:105960. [PMID: 33636396 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.105960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Netrin-4, recognized in neural and vascular development, is highly expressed by mature endothelial cells. The function of this netrin-4 in vascular biology after development has remained unclear. We found that the expression of netrin-4 is highly regulated in endothelial cells and is important for quiescent healthy endothelium. Netrin-4 expression is upregulated in endothelial cells cultured under laminar flow conditions, while endothelial cells stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha resulted in decreased netrin-4 expression. Targeted reduction of netrin-4 in endothelial cells resulted in increased expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1. Besides, these endothelial cells were more prone to monocyte adhesion and showed impaired barrier function, measured with electric cell-substrate impedance sensing, as well as in an 'organ-on-a-chip' microfluidic system. Importantly, endothelial cells with reduced levels of netrin-4 showed increased expression of the senescence-associated markers cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-1 and -2A, an increased cell size and decreased ability to proliferate. Consistent with the gene expression profile, netrin-4 reduction was accompanied with more senescent associated β-galactosidase activity, which could be rescued by adding netrin-4 protein. Finally, using human decellularized kidney extracellular matrix scaffolds, we found that pre-treatment of the scaffolds with netrin-4 increased numbers of endothelial cells adhering to the matrix, showing a pro-survival effect of netrin-4. Taken together, netrin-4 acts as an anti-senescence and anti-inflammation factor in endothelial cell function and our results provide insights as to maintain endothelial homeostasis and supporting vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Zhang
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dianne Vreeken
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Danielle G Leuning
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline S Bruikman
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Abidemi Junaid
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wendy Stam
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ruben G de Bruin
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wendy M P J Sol
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bernard M van den Berg
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Janine M van Gils
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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9
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Wang Y, Wang X, Jiang Y, Liu R, Cao D, Pan J, Luo Y. Identification of key miRNAs and genes for mouse retinal development using a linear model. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:494-506. [PMID: 32319662 PMCID: PMC7248464 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are upstream regulators of gene expression and are involved in several biological processes. The purpose of the present study was to obtain a detailed spatiotemporal miRNA expression profile in mouse retina, to identify one or more miRNAs that are key to mouse retinal development and to investigate the roles and mechanisms of these miRNAs. The miRNA expression pattern of the developing mouse retina was acquired from Locked Nucleic Acid microarrays. Data were processed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DE‑miRNAs) using the linear model in Python 3.6. Following bioinformatics analysis and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction validation, 8 miRNAs (miR‑9‑5p, miR‑130a‑3p, miR‑92a‑3p, miR‑20a‑5p, miR‑93‑5p, miR‑9‑3p, miR‑709 and miR‑124) were identified as key DE‑miRNAs with low variability during mouse retinal development. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the target genes of the DE‑miRNAs were enriched in cellular metabolic processes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis demonstrated that the target genes of the DE‑miRNAs were significantly enriched in PI3K/AKT/mTOR, class O of forkhead box transcription factors, mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK), neurotrophin and transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β signaling, as well as focal adhesion and the axon guidance pathway. PI3K, AKT, PTEN, MAPK1, Son of Sevenless, sphingosine‑1‑phosphate receptor 1, BCL‑2L11, TGF‑β receptor type 1/2 and integrin α (ITGA)/ITGAB, which are key components of the aforementioned pathways and were revealed to be target genes of several of the DE‑miRNAs. The present study used a linear model to identify several DE‑miRNAs, as well as their target genes and associated pathways, which may serve crucial roles in mouse retinal development. Therefore, the results obtained in the present study may provide the groundwork for further experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Yukang Jiang
- Department of Statistical Science, School of Mathematics, Southern China Research Center of Statistical Science, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51027, P.R. China
| | - Ruyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Di Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Yan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Image Reading Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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10
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Li X, Liu J, Hoh J, Liu J. Müller cells in pathological retinal angiogenesis. Transl Res 2019; 207:96-106. [PMID: 30639368 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Müller cells are the major glial cells spanning the entire layer of the retina and maintaining retinal structure. Under pathological conditions, Müller cells are involved in retinal angiogenesis, a process of growing new blood vessels from pre-existing capillaries. In response to hypoxia, high glucose, and inflammation conditions, multiple signaling pathways are activated in Müller cells, followed by the increased production of proangiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, matrix metalloproteinases, Netrin-4, and angiopoietin-like 4. Expression of antiangiogenic factors is also downregulated in Müller cells. Besides, proliferation and dedifferentiation of Müller cells facilitates retinal angiogenesis. In this review, we summarized molecular mechanisms of Müller cells-related retinal angiogenesis. The potential of Müller cells as a therapeutic target for retinal angiogenesis was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Li
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Taishan Medical College, Taian, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Josephine Hoh
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ju Liu
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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11
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Liu Q, Allen TD, Song W, Wada Y, Lobe CG, Liu J. Notch1 activates angiogenic regulator Netrin4 in endothelial cells. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3762-3766. [PMID: 30784178 PMCID: PMC6484422 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Netrin4 (NTN4) is a chemotropic factor that regulates angiogenesis. We found that endothelial expression of the activated, intracellular domain of Notch1 (NICD1), significantly up‐regulated NTN4 mRNA as well as intracellular NTN4 protein in both transgenic mice and cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Notch1 activation also increased NTN4 secretion from HUVECs. We subsequently demonstrated that NICD1 bound to CSL (CBF1, Suppressor of Hairless, Lag‐1), a core component of Notch transcription complex, at the −53 element of the human NTN4 gene promoter. Loss of the −53 element compromised NICD1‐induced NTN4 expression. Our results suggest a conserved role for Notch signalling in transcriptional regulation of endothelial NTN4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Thaddeus D Allen
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Division, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Tradewind BioScience, Daly City, California
| | - Wei Song
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Youichiro Wada
- The Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Corrinne G Lobe
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Division, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ju Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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12
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The Different Facades of Retinal and Choroidal Endothelial Cells in Response to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123846. [PMID: 30513885 PMCID: PMC6321100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular angiogenic diseases, such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration, are associated with severe loss of vision. These pathologies originate from different vascular beds, retinal and choroidal microvasculatures, respectively. The activation of endothelial cells (EC) plays pivotal roles in angiogenesis, often triggered by oxygen deficiency. Hypoxia-inducible factors in ECs mediate the transcription of multiple angiogenic genes, including the canonical vascular endothelial growth factors. ECs show notable heterogeneity in function, structure, and disease, therefore the understanding of retinal/choroidal ECs (REC; CEC) biochemical and molecular responses to hypoxia may offer key insights into tissue-specific vascular targeting treatments. The aim of this review is to discuss the differences spanning between REC and CEC, with focus on their response to hypoxia, which could provide innovative and sustainable strategies for site specific targeting of ocular neovascularization.
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Zhang H, Vreeken D, Bruikman CS, van Zonneveld AJ, van Gils JM. Understanding netrins and semaphorins in mature endothelial cell biology. Pharmacol Res 2018; 137:1-10. [PMID: 30240825 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Netrins and semaphorins are known as neuronal guidance molecules that are important to the facilitate patterning of the nervous system in embryonic development. In recent years, their function has been broadened to guide development in other systems, including the vascular system, where netrins and semaphorins critically contribute to the development of the vascular system. Evidence is accumulating that these guidance cues are also of critical importance in the biology of the mature endothelium by regulating the maintenance of endothelial quiescence. Here we review our current insights into the roles of netrins and semaphorins in endothelial cell survival, self-renewing, barrier function, response to wall shear stress, and control of the vascular tone. We also provide suggestions for future research into the functions of netrins and semaphorins in mature endothelial cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dianne Vreeken
- Department of Internal Medicine, Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline S Bruikman
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Janine M van Gils
- Department of Internal Medicine, Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Sheng J, Liu D, Kang X, Chen Y, Jiang K, Zheng W. Egr-1 increases angiogenesis in cartilage via binding Netrin-1 receptor DCC promoter. J Orthop Surg Res 2018; 13:125. [PMID: 29843768 PMCID: PMC5975438 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-018-0826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by degradation of cartilage. The etiology of OA is still unclear. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role of angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of OA and contributes to the angiogenesis of NT-1/DCC. Whether or not NT-1/DCC and VEGF interact in regulating angiogenesis of OA cartilage is not known. Methods Histological studies for CD34, VEGF, and safranin-O staining were performed to determine angiogenesis and cartilage tissue injury. ELISA indicated the level of pro-inflammation cytokines. Immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) were performed to assay the expression and function of NT-1/DCC-VEGF signaling pathway. Results Our data indicated that VEGF expression was increased in cartilage tissue from OA rats, while the chondrocytes were disorganized, and cartilage degeneration was increasing in OA rats. The inflammation factors in articular cavity fluid were higher in the OA rats than in the sham. The protein expression of NT-1, DCC, and VEGF were increased in osteoarthritic cartilage. DCC was involved in the positive regulation of osteoarthritic angiogenesis by VEGF. Egr-1 expression was higher in OA rats than in sham rats. Egr-1 is a regulator of DCC promoter activity, and the binding is higher in OA rats than in sham rats. Conclusion Our present study provides a mechanism by which Egr-1 induced angiogenesis via NT-1/DCC-VEGF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, 270 Rongdu Avenue, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, China
| | - Da Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, 270 Rongdu Avenue, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, 270 Rongdu Avenue, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, 270 Rongdu Avenue, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, 270 Rongdu Avenue, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, 270 Rongdu Avenue, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, China.
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15
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Enoki Y, Sato T, Kokabu S, Hayashi N, Iwata T, Yamato M, Usui M, Matsumoto M, Tomoda T, Ariyoshi W, Nishihara T, Yoda T. Netrin-4 Promotes Differentiation and Migration of Osteoblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 31:793-799. [PMID: 28882944 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM While netrin-4 plays a vital role in the vascular system, the role of netrin-1 in osteoblast differentiation is not well understood. In this study we explored whether netrin-4 has functional roles in osteoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR), RNA interference, the generation of plasmids, transfections, measurement of alkaline phosphatase activity, a mineralization assay, a migration assay and a cell proliferation assay were performed. RESULTS Netrin-4 expression was up-regulated during osteoblast differentiation and an RNA interference experiment showed that small interfering RNA used to silence netrin-4 inhibited osteoblast differentiation. Recombinant mouse netrin-4 promoted alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of osteoblasts and enhancement of calcium deposits. Moreover, we constructed a vector containing the netrin-4 gene on the basis of the plasmid pcDNA3.1/V5-His. Overexpression of netrin-4 enhanced differentiation of osteoblasts. Finally, recombinant mouse netrin-4 promoted cell migration of osteoblasts. CONCLUSION Netrin-4 promotes differentiation and migration of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Enoki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Kokabu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Promotion and Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamato
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihiko Usui
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Cardiology and Periodontology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahito Matsumoto
- Division of Functional Genomics and Systems Medicine, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Taketo Tomoda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Wataru Ariyoshi
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuji Nishihara
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yoda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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Villanueva AA, Falcón P, Espinoza N, R LS, Milla LA, Hernandez-SanMiguel E, Torres VA, Sanchez-Gomez P, Palma V. The Netrin-4/ Neogenin-1 axis promotes neuroblastoma cell survival and migration. Oncotarget 2018; 8:9767-9782. [PMID: 28038459 PMCID: PMC5354769 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neogenin-1 (NEO1) is a transmembrane receptor involved in axonal guidance, angiogenesis, neuronal cell migration and cell death, during both embryonic development and adult homeostasis. It has been described as a dependence receptor, because it promotes cell death in the absence of its ligands (Netrin and Repulsive Guidance Molecule (RGM) families) and cell survival when they are present. Although NEO1 and its ligands are involved in tumor progression, their precise role in tumor cell survival and migration remain unclear. Public databases contain extensive information regarding the expression of NEO1 and its ligands Netrin-1 (NTN1) and Netrin-4 (NTN4) in primary neuroblastoma (NB) tumors. Analysis of this data revealed that patients with high expression levels of both NEO1 and NTN4 have a poor survival rate. Accordingly, our analyses in NB cell lines with different genetic backgrounds revealed that knocking-down NEO1 reduces cell migration, whereas silencing of endogenous NTN4 induced cell death. Conversely, overexpression of NEO1 resulted in higher cell migration in the presence of NTN4, and increased apoptosis in the absence of ligand. Increased apoptosis was prevented when utilizing physiological concentrations of exogenous Netrin-4. Likewise, cell death induced after NTN4 knock-down was rescued when NEO1 was transiently silenced, thus revealing an important role for NEO1 in NB cell survival. In vivo analysis, using the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, showed that NEO1 and endogenous NTN4 are involved in tumor extravasation and metastasis. Our data collectively demonstrate that endogenous NTN4/NEO1 maintain NB growth via both pro-survival and pro-migratory molecular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea A Villanueva
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Falcón
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalie Espinoza
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Solano R
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis A Milla
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Current address: School of Medicine, Universidad de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Vicente A Torres
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences and Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Verónica Palma
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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17
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Reuten R, Patel TR, McDougall M, Rama N, Nikodemus D, Gibert B, Delcros JG, Prein C, Meier M, Metzger S, Zhou Z, Kaltenberg J, McKee KK, Bald T, Tüting T, Zigrino P, Djonov V, Bloch W, Clausen-Schaumann H, Poschl E, Yurchenco PD, Ehrbar M, Mehlen P, Stetefeld J, Koch M. Structural decoding of netrin-4 reveals a regulatory function towards mature basement membranes. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13515. [PMID: 27901020 PMCID: PMC5141367 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Netrins, a family of laminin-related molecules, have been proposed to act as guidance cues either during nervous system development or the establishment of the vascular system. This was clearly demonstrated for netrin-1 via its interaction with the receptors DCC and UNC5s. However, mainly based on shared homologies with netrin-1, netrin-4 was also proposed to play a role in neuronal outgrowth and developmental/pathological angiogenesis via interactions with netrin-1 receptors. Here, we present the high-resolution structure of netrin-4, which shows unique features in comparison with netrin-1, and show that it does not bind directly to any of the known netrin-1 receptors. We show that netrin-4 disrupts laminin networks and basement membranes (BMs) through high-affinity binding to the laminin γ1 chain. We hypothesize that this laminin-related function is essential for the previously described effects on axon growth promotion and angiogenesis. Our study unveils netrin-4 as a non-enzymatic extracellular matrix protein actively disrupting pre-existing BMs. Netrins are secreted guidance factors that promote axon outgrowth and orientation during nervous system development. Here the authors present structural and biological evidence that netrin-4 is not a guidance cue per se, but rather functions to modulate laminin-laminin interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Reuten
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, Cologne 50931, Germany.,Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Trushar R Patel
- Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada.,School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Matthew McDougall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Nicolas Rama
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory, Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Denise Nikodemus
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, Cologne 50931, Germany.,Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Benjamin Gibert
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory, Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Jean-Guy Delcros
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory, Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Carina Prein
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine-CANTER, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Lothstrasse 34, Munich D-80335, Germany.,Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine - ExperiMed, Department of Surgery, Clinical Center University of Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 20, Munich D-80336, Germany.,Center for Nanoscience-CeNS, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, Munich D-80539, Germany
| | - Markus Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Metzger
- Laboratory for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstr. 12, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.,Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Jennifer Kaltenberg
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, Cologne 50931, Germany.,Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Karen K McKee
- Department of Pathology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Tobias Bald
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.,Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn, Bonn 53105, Germany
| | - Thomas Tüting
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.,Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn, Bonn 53105, Germany
| | - Paola Zigrino
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Valentin Djonov
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, Bern 3000, Switzerland
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne 50933, Germany
| | - Hauke Clausen-Schaumann
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine-CANTER, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Lothstrasse 34, Munich D-80335, Germany.,Center for Nanoscience-CeNS, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, Munich D-80539, Germany
| | - Ernst Poschl
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Peter D Yurchenco
- Department of Pathology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Martin Ehrbar
- Laboratory for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstr. 12, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Mehlen
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory, Equipe labellisée 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Jörg Stetefeld
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Manuel Koch
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, Cologne 50931, Germany.,Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, Cologne 50931, Germany
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18
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Feng SD, Yang JH, Yao CH, Yang SS, Zhu ZM, Wu D, Ling HY, Zhang L. Potential regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA in diabetes and its complications. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 95:361-367. [PMID: 28177764 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides without protein-coding potential. Although these molecules were initially considered as "junk products" of transcription without biological relevance, recent advances in research have shown that lncRNA plays an important role, not only in cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism, but also in the pathological processes of cancers, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on the potential regulatory roles of lncRNA in diabetes and the complications associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shui-Dong Feng
- a Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ji-Hua Yang
- b Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Chao Hua Yao
- c Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Port Orange, Florida, USA
| | - Si-Si Yang
- b Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ze-Mei Zhu
- b Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Di Wu
- b Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hong-Yan Ling
- b Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- c Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Port Orange, Florida, USA
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19
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Milash B, Gao J, Stevenson TJ, Son JH, Dahl T, Bonkowsky JL. Temporal Dysynchrony in brain connectivity gene expression following hypoxia. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:334. [PMID: 27146468 PMCID: PMC4857255 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2638-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the fundamental biological importance and clinical relevance of characterizing the effects of chronic hypoxia exposure on central nervous system (CNS) development, the changes in gene expression from hypoxia are unknown. It is not known if there are unifying principles, properties, or logic in the response of the developing CNS to hypoxic exposure. Here, we use the small vertebrate zebrafish (Danio rerio) to study the effects of hypoxia on connectivity gene expression across development. We perform transcriptional profiling at high temporal resolution to systematically determine and then experimentally validate the response of CNS connectivity genes to hypoxia exposure. Results We characterized mRNA changes during development, comparing the effects of chronic hypoxia exposure at different time-points. We focused on changes in expression levels of a subset of 1270 genes selected for their roles in development of CNS connectivity, including axon pathfinding and synapse formation. We found that the majority of CNS connectivity genes were unaffected by hypoxia. However, for a small subset of genes hypoxia significantly affected their gene expression profiles. In particular, hypoxia appeared to affect both the timing and levels of expression, including altering expression of interacting gene pairs in a fashion that would potentially disrupt normal function. Conclusions Overall, our study identifies the response of CNS connectivity genes to hypoxia exposure during development. While for most genes hypoxia did not significantly affect expression, for a subset of genes hypoxia changed both levels and timing of expression. Importantly, we identified that some genes with interacting proteins, for example receptor/ligand pairs, had dissimilar responses to hypoxia that would be expected to interfere with their function. The observed dysynchrony of gene expression could impair the development of normal CNS connectivity maps. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2638-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Milash
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Jingxia Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Tamara J Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jong-Hyun Son
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Tiffanie Dahl
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Joshua L Bonkowsky
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, 84108, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. .,Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Lack of netrin-4 modulates pathologic neovascularization in the eye. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18828. [PMID: 26732856 PMCID: PMC4702134 DOI: 10.1038/srep18828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Netrins are a family of matrix-binding proteins that function as guidance signals. Netrin-4 displays pathologic roles in tumorigenesis and neovascularization. To answer the question whether netrin-4 acts either pro- or anti-angiogenic, angiogenesis in the retina was assessed in Ntn-4−/− mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV), mimicking hypoxia-mediated neovascularization and inflammatory mediated angiogenesis. The basement membrane protein netrin-4 was found to be localised to mature retinal blood vessels. Netrin-4, but not netrin-1 mRNA expression, increased in response to relative hypoxia and recovered to normal levels at the end of blood vessel formation. No changes in the retina were found in normoxic Ntn-4−/− mice. In OIR, Ntn-4−/− mice initially displayed larger avascular areas which recovered faster to revascularization. Ganzfeld electroretinography showed faster recovery of retinal function in Ntn-4−/− mice. Expression of netrin receptors, Unc5H2 (Unc-5 homolog B, C. elegans) and DCC (deleted in colorectal carcinoma), was found in Müller cells and astrocytes. Laser-induced neovascularization in Nnt-4−/− mice did not differ to that in the controls. Our results indicate a role for netrin-4 as an angiogenesis modulating factor in O2-dependent vascular homeostasis while being less important during normal retinal developmental angiogenesis or during inflammatory neovascularization.
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Vecino E, Rodriguez FD, Ruzafa N, Pereiro X, Sharma SC. Glia-neuron interactions in the mammalian retina. Prog Retin Eye Res 2015; 51:1-40. [PMID: 26113209 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 493] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian retina provides an excellent opportunity to study glia-neuron interactions and the interactions of glia with blood vessels. Three main types of glial cells are found in the mammalian retina that serve to maintain retinal homeostasis: astrocytes, Müller cells and resident microglia. Müller cells, astrocytes and microglia not only provide structural support but they are also involved in metabolism, the phagocytosis of neuronal debris, the release of certain transmitters and trophic factors and K(+) uptake. Astrocytes are mostly located in the nerve fibre layer and they accompany the blood vessels in the inner nuclear layer. Indeed, like Müller cells, astrocytic processes cover the blood vessels forming the retinal blood barrier and they fulfil a significant role in ion homeostasis. Among other activities, microglia can be stimulated to fulfil a macrophage function, as well as to interact with other glial cells and neurons by secreting growth factors. This review summarizes the main functional relationships between retinal glial cells and neurons, presenting a general picture of the retina recently modified based on experimental observations. The preferential involvement of the distinct glia cells in terms of the activity in the retina is discussed, for example, while Müller cells may serve as progenitors of retinal neurons, astrocytes and microglia are responsible for synaptic pruning. Since different types of glia participate together in certain activities in the retina, it is imperative to explore the order of redundancy and to explore the heterogeneity among these cells. Recent studies revealed the association of glia cell heterogeneity with specific functions. Finally, the neuroprotective effects of glia on photoreceptors and ganglion cells under normal and adverse conditions will also be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vecino
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - F David Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, E-37007, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Noelia Ruzafa
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Xandra Pereiro
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Sansar C Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science at Dept. Cell Biology and Histology, UPV/EHU, Spain
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Han Y, Shao Y, Liu TT, Li SM, Li W, Liu ZG. Therapeutic effects of topical netrin-4 in a corneal acute inflammatory model. Int J Ophthalmol 2015; 8:228-33. [PMID: 25938032 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2015.02.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the therapeutic effect of netrin-4 on the early acute phase of inflammation in the alkali-burned eye. METHODS Eye drops containing netrin-4 or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were administered to a alkali-burn-induced corneal acute inflammatory model four times daily. The clinical evaluations, including fluorescein staining and inflammatory index, were performed on day 1, 4 and 7 using slit lamp microscopy. Global specimens were collected on day 7 and processed for immunofluorescent staining. The levels of inflammatory mediators in the corneas were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Exogenous netrin-4 administered on rat ocular surfaces showed more improvements in decreasing fluorescein staining on day 4 and 7, and resolved alkali burn-induced corneal inflammation index on day 7 (P<0.01). The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1) in corneas were decreased in netrin-4-treated groups (P<0.05). In addition, netrin-4 significantly reduced the expression of leukocyte common antigen 45 (CD45) in the alkali-burn cornea (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Topical netrin-4 accelerated wound healing and reduced the inflammation on alkali-burn rat model, suggesting a potential as an anti-inflammatory agent in the clinical to treat the acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Han
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China ; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China ; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Sang-Ming Li
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China ; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wei Li
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China ; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zu-Guo Liu
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China ; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
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Boutsikou T, Giotaki M, Gourgiotis D, Boutsikou M, Briana DD, Marmarinos A, Baka S, Hassiakos D, Malamitsi-Puchner A. Cord blood netrin-1 and -4 concentrations in term pregnancies with normal, restricted and increased fetal growth. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 27:1849-53. [PMID: 24716747 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.905530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine levels of the possible angioregulatory molecules netrin-1 and -4, in intrauterine-growth-restricted (IUGR), large for gestational age (LGA) (both groups characterized by altered angiogenic mechanisms) and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) pregnancies. METHODS Cord blood (UC) netrin-1 and -4 concentrations were measured in 30 IUGR, 30 LGA and 20 AGA infants and their mothers (MS). RESULTS Netrin-1 and -4 concentrations did not differ in all groups. UC netrin-4 increased with gestational age (b = 0.075, 95% CI 0.029-0.121, p = 0.002). In the IUGR group, MS netrin-4 decreased as birth-weight centiles increased [b = -0.058, 95% CI -0.112 to -0.004, p = 0.036]. In the LGA group, MS netrin-1 decreased with advanced gestational age [b = -0.063, 95% CI -0.105 to -0.022, p = 0.004]. In all cases, MS netrin-1 positively correlated with MS netrin-4 (r = 0.299, p = 0.007), while UC netrin-1 negatively correlated with UC netrin-4 (r = -0.239, p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Increased UC netrin-4 levels with advancing gestational age may reflect its effect on fetal development. Decreased maternal netrin-1 levels in the LGA group possibly represent a negative feedback mechanism against increased angiogenesis. Increased maternal netrin-4 levels in IUGR neonates may reflect in utero hypoxia, while the negative correlations between fetal netrin-1 and -4 levels may exert the dynamic balance between their angio- and anti-angiogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Boutsikou
- Department of Neonatology, Athens University Medical School , Athens , Greece and
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Lejmi E, Bouras I, Camelo S, Roumieux M, Minet N, Leré-Déan C, Merkulova-Rainon T, Autret G, Vayssettes C, Clement O, Plouët J, Leconte L. Netrin-4 promotes mural cell adhesion and recruitment to endothelial cells. Vasc Cell 2014; 6:1. [PMID: 24472220 PMCID: PMC3909532 DOI: 10.1186/2045-824x-6-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Netrins are secreted molecules involved in axon guidance and angiogenesis. We previously showed that Netrin-4 acts as an anti-angiogenic factor by inhibiting endothelial cell (EC) functions. In this study, we investigated the effects of Netrin-4 on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) activity in vitro and in vivo. We show that exogenous Netrin-4 stimulated VSMC adhesion and migration, and increased their coverage on EC tubes (grown on a Matrigel substrate). siRNA knock-down of endogenous Netrin-4 expression in VSMC decreased their recruitment to EC tubes. VSMC expressed Netrin-4 and three of the six Netrin-1 cognate receptors: DCC, Neogenin, and Unc5B. Silencing of these receptors reduced Netrin-4 adhesion to VSMC, strongly suggesting that these receptors were involved in the recruitment process. We previously showed that Netrin-4 overexpression in PC3 cancer cells delayed tumor growth in a model of subcutaneous xenograft by reducing tumor vessel density. Here, we show that Netrin-4 overexpression improved tumor blood vessel structure and increased VSMC coverage. Thus, Netrin-4 induced mural cell recruitment may play a role in the inhibition of tumor growth. Our data suggest that Netrin-4 is important for blood vessel normalization through the regulation of both endothelial and perivascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laurence Leconte
- Present address: SISENE, Pépinière Paris Santé Cochin, 29 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, Paris 75014, France.
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Huang H, Jiang L, Li S, Deng J, Li Y, Yao J, Li B, Zheng J. Using microfluidic chip to form brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration gradient for studying neuron axon guidance. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2014; 8:014108. [PMID: 24660043 PMCID: PMC3945791 DOI: 10.1063/1.4864235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Molecular gradients play a significant role in regulating biological and pathological processes. Although conventional gradient-generators have been used for studying chemotaxis and axon guidance, there are still many limitations, including the inability to maintain stable tempo-spatial gradients and the lack of the cell monitoring in a real-time manner. To overcome these shortcomings, microfluidic devices have been developed. In this study, we developed a microfluidic gradient device for regulating neuron axon guidance. A microfluidic device enables the generation of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gradient profiles in a temporal and spatial manner. We test the effect of the gradient profiles on axon guidance, in the BDNF concentration gradient axon towards the high concentration gradient. This microfluidic gradient device could be used as a powerful tool for cell biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Biyuan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junsong Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
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