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Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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Haneda Y, Miyagawa-Tomita S, Uchijima Y, Iwase A, Asai R, Kohro T, Wada Y, Kurihara H. Diverse contribution of amniogenic somatopleural cells to cardiovascular development: With special reference to thyroid vasculature. Dev Dyn 2024; 253:59-77. [PMID: 36038963 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The somatopleure serves as the primordium of the amnion, an extraembryonic membrane surrounding the embryo. Recently, we have reported that amniogenic somatopleural cells (ASCs) not only form the amnion but also migrate into the embryo and differentiate into cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells. However, detailed differentiation processes and final distributions of these intra-embryonic ASCs (hereafter referred to as iASCs) remain largely unknown. RESULTS By quail-chick chimera analysis, we here show that iASCs differentiate into various cell types including cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, cardiac interstitial cells, and vascular endothelial cells. In the pharyngeal region, they distribute selectively into the thyroid gland and differentiate into vascular endothelial cells to form intra-thyroid vasculature. Explant culture experiments indicated sequential requirement of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling for endothelial differentiation of iASCs. Single-cell transcriptome analysis further revealed heterogeneity and the presence of hemangioblast-like cell population within ASCs, with a switch from FGF to VEGF receptor gene expression. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates novel roles of ASCss especially in heart and thyroid development. It will provide a novel clue for understanding the cardiovascular development of amniotes from embryological and evolutionary perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Haneda
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Miyagawa-Tomita
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Animal Nursing Science, Yamazaki University of Animal Health Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Uchijima
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiyasu Iwase
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rieko Asai
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Takahide Kohro
- Department of Medical Informatics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kurihara
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Matsuzawa R, Nagai K, Takahashi K, Mori T, Onishi M, Tsuji S, Hashimoto K, Tamaki K, Wada Y, Kusunoki H, Nagasawa Y, Shinmura K. Serum Creatinine-Cystatin C Based Screening of Sarcopenia in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. J Frailty Aging 2024; 13:116-124. [PMID: 38616367 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2024.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the discriminative capabilities for the manifestation of sarcopenia or physical frailty between serum creatinine- and cystatin C-derived indices among community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Primary Care and Community. PARTICIPANTS We utilized a subset of data from the Frail Elderly in the Sasayama-Tamba Area (FESTA) study, which was initiated in 2015 to gather comprehensive information on various health-related parameters among community-dwelling older individuals (age ≥65 years). MEASUREMENTS Five serum creatinine-cystatin C based indices including the Sarcopenia Index, the serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio, the disparity between serum cystatin-C-based and creatinine-based estimated GFR, the total body muscle mass index (TBMM), and the prediction equation for skeletal muscle mass index (pSMI) were employed. Sarcopenia and physical frailty were identified based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria and the revised Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the discriminative abilities of these tools. RESULTS In the analysis of 954 participants, 52 (5.5%) were identified with sarcopenia and 35 (3.7%) with physical frailty. Regarding sarcopenia discrimination, TBMM and pSMI both exhibited area under the curve (AUC) values exceeding 0.8 for both men and women. Concerning the identification of physical frailty, AUC values ranged from 0.61 to 0.77 for males and 0.50 to 0.69 for females. In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, only TBMM and pSMI consistently displayed associations with sarcopenia, irrespective of sex (P<0.001, respectively). On the other hand, no consistent associations were observed between the indices and physical frailty. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a robust association of a serum creatinine- and cystatin C-derived indices, especially TBMM and pSMI, with sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults. Conversely, the application of these indices for the screening of physical frailty has its constraints, necessitating further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Matsuzawa
- Ryota Matsuzawa, PT, PhD., Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo Medical University, 1-3-6 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8530, Japan. Tel: +81-78-304-3181; Fax: +81-78-304-2811; E-mail:
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Judge PK, Staplin N, Mayne KJ, Wanner C, Green JB, Hauske SJ, Emberson JR, Preiss D, Ng SYA, Roddick AJ, Sammons E, Zhu D, Hill M, Stevens W, Wallendszus K, Brenner S, Cheung AK, Liu ZH, Li J, Hooi LS, Liu WJ, Kadowaki T, Nangaku M, Levin A, Cherney D, Maggioni AP, Pontremoli R, Deo R, Goto S, Rossello X, Tuttle KR, Steubl D, Massey D, Landray MJ, Baigent C, Haynes R, Herrington WG, Abat S, Abd Rahman R, Abdul Cader R, Abdul Hafidz MI, Abdul Wahab MZ, Abdullah NK, Abdul-Samad T, Abe M, Abraham N, Acheampong S, Achiri P, Acosta JA, Adeleke A, Adell V, Adewuyi-Dalton R, Adnan N, Africano A, Agharazii M, Aguilar F, Aguilera A, Ahmad M, Ahmad MK, Ahmad NA, Ahmad NH, Ahmad NI, Ahmad Miswan N, Ahmad Rosdi H, Ahmed I, Ahmed S, Ahmed S, Aiello J, Aitken A, AitSadi R, Aker S, Akimoto S, Akinfolarin A, Akram S, Alberici F, Albert C, Aldrich L, Alegata M, Alexander L, Alfaress S, Alhadj Ali M, Ali A, Ali A, Alicic R, Aliu A, Almaraz R, Almasarwah R, Almeida J, Aloisi A, Al-Rabadi L, Alscher D, Alvarez P, Al-Zeer B, Amat M, Ambrose C, Ammar H, An Y, Andriaccio L, Ansu K, Apostolidi A, Arai N, Araki H, Araki S, Arbi A, Arechiga O, Armstrong S, Arnold T, Aronoff S, Arriaga W, Arroyo J, Arteaga D, Asahara S, Asai A, Asai N, Asano S, Asawa M, Asmee MF, Aucella F, Augustin M, Avery A, Awad A, Awang IY, Awazawa M, Axler A, Ayub W, Azhari Z, Baccaro R, Badin C, Bagwell B, Bahlmann-Kroll E, Bahtar AZ, Baigent C, Bains D, Bajaj H, Baker R, Baldini E, Banas B, Banerjee D, Banno S, Bansal S, Barberi S, Barnes S, Barnini C, Barot C, Barrett K, Barrios R, Bartolomei Mecatti B, Barton I, Barton J, Basily W, Bavanandan S, Baxter A, Becker L, Beddhu S, Beige J, Beigh S, Bell S, Benck U, Beneat A, Bennett A, Bennett D, Benyon S, Berdeprado J, Bergler T, Bergner A, Berry M, Bevilacqua M, Bhairoo J, Bhandari S, Bhandary N, Bhatt A, Bhattarai M, Bhavsar M, Bian W, Bianchini F, Bianco S, Bilous R, Bilton J, Bilucaglia D, Bird C, Birudaraju D, Biscoveanu M, Blake C, Bleakley N, Bocchicchia K, Bodine S, Bodington R, Boedecker S, Bolduc M, Bolton S, Bond C, Boreky F, Boren K, Bouchi R, Bough L, Bovan D, Bowler C, Bowman L, Brar N, Braun C, Breach A, Breitenfeldt M, Brenner S, Brettschneider B, Brewer A, Brewer G, Brindle V, Brioni E, Brown C, Brown H, Brown L, Brown R, Brown S, Browne D, Bruce K, Brueckmann M, Brunskill N, Bryant M, Brzoska M, Bu Y, Buckman C, Budoff M, Bullen M, Burke A, Burnette S, Burston C, Busch M, Bushnell J, Butler S, Büttner C, Byrne C, Caamano A, Cadorna J, Cafiero C, Cagle M, Cai J, Calabrese K, Calvi C, Camilleri B, Camp S, Campbell D, Campbell R, Cao H, Capelli I, Caple M, Caplin B, Cardone A, Carle J, Carnall V, Caroppo M, Carr S, Carraro G, Carson M, Casares P, Castillo C, Castro C, Caudill B, Cejka V, Ceseri M, Cham L, Chamberlain A, Chambers J, Chan CBT, Chan JYM, Chan YC, Chang E, Chang E, Chant T, Chavagnon T, Chellamuthu P, Chen F, Chen J, Chen P, Chen TM, Chen Y, Chen Y, Cheng C, Cheng H, Cheng MC, Cherney D, Cheung AK, Ching CH, Chitalia N, Choksi R, Chukwu C, Chung K, Cianciolo G, Cipressa L, Clark S, Clarke H, Clarke R, Clarke S, Cleveland B, Cole E, Coles H, Condurache L, Connor A, Convery K, Cooper A, Cooper N, Cooper Z, Cooperman L, Cosgrove L, Coutts P, Cowley A, Craik R, Cui G, Cummins T, Dahl N, Dai H, Dajani L, D'Amelio A, Damian E, Damianik K, Danel L, Daniels C, Daniels T, Darbeau S, Darius H, Dasgupta T, Davies J, Davies L, Davis A, Davis J, Davis L, Dayanandan R, Dayi S, Dayrell R, De Nicola L, Debnath S, Deeb W, Degenhardt S, DeGoursey K, Delaney M, Deo R, DeRaad R, Derebail V, Dev D, Devaux M, Dhall P, Dhillon G, Dienes J, Dobre M, Doctolero E, Dodds V, Domingo D, Donaldson D, Donaldson P, Donhauser C, Donley V, Dorestin S, Dorey S, Doulton T, Draganova D, Draxlbauer K, Driver F, Du H, Dube F, Duck T, Dugal T, Dugas J, Dukka H, Dumann H, Durham W, Dursch M, Dykas R, Easow R, Eckrich E, Eden G, Edmerson E, Edwards H, Ee LW, Eguchi J, Ehrl Y, Eichstadt K, Eid W, Eilerman B, Ejima Y, Eldon H, Ellam T, Elliott L, Ellison R, Emberson J, Epp R, Er A, Espino-Obrero M, Estcourt S, Estienne L, Evans G, Evans J, Evans S, Fabbri G, Fajardo-Moser M, Falcone C, Fani F, Faria-Shayler P, Farnia F, Farrugia D, Fechter M, Fellowes D, Feng F, Fernandez J, Ferraro P, Field A, Fikry S, Finch J, Finn H, Fioretto P, Fish R, Fleischer A, Fleming-Brown D, Fletcher L, Flora R, Foellinger C, Foligno N, Forest S, Forghani Z, Forsyth K, Fottrell-Gould D, Fox P, Frankel A, Fraser D, Frazier R, Frederick K, Freking N, French H, Froment A, Fuchs B, Fuessl L, Fujii H, Fujimoto A, Fujita A, Fujita K, Fujita Y, Fukagawa M, Fukao Y, Fukasawa A, Fuller T, Funayama T, Fung E, Furukawa M, Furukawa Y, Furusho M, Gabel S, Gaidu J, Gaiser S, Gallo K, Galloway C, Gambaro G, Gan CC, Gangemi C, Gao M, Garcia K, Garcia M, Garofalo C, Garrity M, Garza A, Gasko S, Gavrila M, Gebeyehu B, Geddes A, Gentile G, George A, George J, Gesualdo L, Ghalli F, Ghanem A, Ghate T, Ghavampour S, Ghazi A, Gherman A, Giebeln-Hudnell U, Gill B, Gillham S, Girakossyan I, Girndt M, Giuffrida A, Glenwright M, Glider T, Gloria R, Glowski D, Goh BL, Goh CB, Gohda T, Goldenberg R, Goldfaden R, Goldsmith C, Golson B, Gonce V, Gong Q, Goodenough B, Goodwin N, Goonasekera M, Gordon A, Gordon J, Gore A, Goto H, Goto S, Goto S, Gowen D, Grace A, Graham J, Grandaliano G, Gray M, Green JB, Greene T, Greenwood G, Grewal B, Grifa R, Griffin D, Griffin S, Grimmer P, Grobovaite E, Grotjahn S, Guerini A, Guest C, Gunda S, Guo B, Guo Q, Haack S, Haase M, Haaser K, Habuki K, Hadley A, Hagan S, Hagge S, Haller H, Ham S, Hamal S, Hamamoto Y, Hamano N, Hamm M, Hanburry A, Haneda M, Hanf C, Hanif W, Hansen J, Hanson L, Hantel S, Haraguchi T, Harding E, Harding T, Hardy C, Hartner C, Harun Z, Harvill L, Hasan A, Hase H, Hasegawa F, Hasegawa T, Hashimoto A, Hashimoto C, Hashimoto M, Hashimoto S, Haskett S, Hauske SJ, Hawfield A, Hayami T, Hayashi M, Hayashi S, Haynes R, Hazara A, Healy C, Hecktman J, Heine G, Henderson H, Henschel R, Hepditch A, Herfurth K, Hernandez G, Hernandez Pena A, Hernandez-Cassis C, Herrington WG, Herzog C, Hewins S, Hewitt D, Hichkad L, Higashi S, Higuchi C, Hill C, Hill L, Hill M, Himeno T, Hing A, Hirakawa Y, Hirata K, Hirota Y, Hisatake T, Hitchcock S, Hodakowski A, Hodge W, Hogan R, Hohenstatt U, Hohenstein B, Hooi L, Hope S, Hopley M, Horikawa S, Hosein D, Hosooka T, Hou L, Hou W, Howie L, Howson A, Hozak M, Htet Z, Hu X, Hu Y, Huang J, Huda N, Hudig L, Hudson A, Hugo C, Hull R, Hume L, Hundei W, Hunt N, Hunter A, Hurley S, Hurst A, Hutchinson C, Hyo T, Ibrahim FH, Ibrahim S, Ihana N, Ikeda T, Imai A, Imamine R, Inamori A, Inazawa H, Ingell J, Inomata K, Inukai Y, Ioka M, Irtiza-Ali A, Isakova T, Isari W, Iselt M, Ishiguro A, Ishihara K, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto T, Ishizuka K, Ismail R, Itano S, Ito H, Ito K, Ito M, Ito Y, Iwagaitsu S, Iwaita Y, Iwakura T, Iwamoto M, Iwasa M, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki S, Izumi K, Izumi K, Izumi T, Jaafar SM, Jackson C, Jackson Y, Jafari G, Jahangiriesmaili M, Jain N, Jansson K, Jasim H, Jeffers L, Jenkins A, Jesky M, Jesus-Silva J, Jeyarajah D, Jiang Y, Jiao X, Jimenez G, Jin B, Jin Q, Jochims J, Johns B, Johnson C, Johnson T, Jolly S, Jones L, Jones L, Jones S, Jones T, Jones V, Joseph M, Joshi S, Judge P, Junejo N, Junus S, Kachele M, Kadowaki T, Kadoya H, Kaga H, Kai H, Kajio H, Kaluza-Schilling W, Kamaruzaman L, Kamarzarian A, Kamimura Y, Kamiya H, Kamundi C, Kan T, Kanaguchi Y, Kanazawa A, Kanda E, Kanegae S, Kaneko K, Kaneko K, Kang HY, Kano T, Karim M, Karounos D, Karsan W, Kasagi R, Kashihara N, Katagiri H, Katanosaka A, Katayama A, Katayama M, Katiman E, Kato K, Kato M, Kato N, Kato S, Kato T, Kato Y, Katsuda Y, Katsuno T, Kaufeld J, Kavak Y, Kawai I, Kawai M, Kawai M, Kawase A, Kawashima S, Kazory A, Kearney J, Keith B, Kellett J, Kelley S, Kershaw M, Ketteler M, Khai Q, Khairullah Q, Khandwala H, Khoo KKL, Khwaja A, Kidokoro K, Kielstein J, Kihara M, Kimber C, Kimura S, Kinashi H, Kingston H, Kinomura M, Kinsella-Perks E, Kitagawa M, Kitajima M, Kitamura S, Kiyosue A, Kiyota M, Klauser F, Klausmann G, Kmietschak W, Knapp K, Knight C, Knoppe A, Knott C, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi R, Kobayashi T, Koch M, Kodama S, Kodani N, Kogure E, Koizumi M, Kojima H, Kojo T, Kolhe N, Komaba H, Komiya T, Komori H, Kon SP, Kondo M, Kondo M, Kong W, Konishi M, Kono K, Koshino M, Kosugi T, Kothapalli B, Kozlowski T, Kraemer B, Kraemer-Guth A, Krappe J, Kraus D, Kriatselis C, Krieger C, Krish P, Kruger B, Ku Md Razi KR, Kuan Y, Kubota S, Kuhn S, Kumar P, Kume S, Kummer I, Kumuji R, Küpper A, Kuramae T, Kurian L, Kuribayashi C, Kurien R, Kuroda E, Kurose T, Kutschat A, Kuwabara N, Kuwata H, La Manna G, Lacey M, Lafferty K, LaFleur P, Lai V, Laity E, Lambert A, Landray MJ, Langlois M, Latif F, Latore E, Laundy E, Laurienti D, Lawson A, Lay M, Leal I, Leal I, Lee AK, Lee J, Lee KQ, Lee R, Lee SA, Lee YY, Lee-Barkey Y, Leonard N, Leoncini G, Leong CM, Lerario S, Leslie A, Levin A, Lewington A, Li J, Li N, Li X, Li Y, Liberti L, Liberti ME, Liew A, Liew YF, Lilavivat U, Lim SK, Lim YS, Limon E, Lin H, Lioudaki E, Liu H, Liu J, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu WJ, Liu X, Liu Z, Loader D, Lochhead H, Loh CL, Lorimer A, Loudermilk L, Loutan J, Low CK, Low CL, Low YM, Lozon Z, Lu Y, Lucci D, Ludwig U, Luker N, Lund D, Lustig R, Lyle S, Macdonald C, MacDougall I, Machicado R, MacLean D, Macleod P, Madera A, Madore F, Maeda K, Maegawa H, Maeno S, Mafham M, Magee J, Maggioni AP, Mah DY, Mahabadi V, Maiguma M, Makita Y, Makos G, Manco L, Mangiacapra R, Manley J, Mann P, Mano S, Marcotte G, Maris J, Mark P, Markau S, Markovic M, Marshall C, Martin M, Martinez C, Martinez S, Martins G, Maruyama K, Maruyama S, Marx K, Maselli A, Masengu A, Maskill A, Masumoto S, Masutani K, Matsumoto M, Matsunaga T, Matsuoka N, Matsushita M, Matthews M, Matthias S, Matvienko E, Maurer M, Maxwell P, Mayne KJ, Mazlan N, Mazlan SA, Mbuyisa A, McCafferty K, McCarroll F, McCarthy T, McClary-Wright C, McCray K, McDermott P, McDonald C, McDougall R, McHaffie E, McIntosh K, McKinley T, McLaughlin S, McLean N, McNeil L, Measor A, Meek J, Mehta A, Mehta R, Melandri M, Mené P, Meng T, Menne J, Merritt K, Merscher S, Meshykhi C, Messa P, Messinger L, Miftari N, Miller R, Miller Y, Miller-Hodges E, Minatoguchi M, Miners M, Minutolo R, Mita T, Miura Y, Miyaji M, Miyamoto S, Miyatsuka T, Miyazaki M, Miyazawa I, Mizumachi R, Mizuno M, Moffat S, Mohamad Nor FS, Mohamad Zaini SN, Mohamed Affandi FA, Mohandas C, Mohd R, Mohd Fauzi NA, Mohd Sharif NH, Mohd Yusoff Y, Moist L, Moncada A, Montasser M, Moon A, Moran C, Morgan N, Moriarty J, Morig G, Morinaga H, Morino K, Morisaki T, Morishita Y, Morlok S, Morris A, Morris F, Mostafa S, Mostefai Y, Motegi M, Motherwell N, Motta D, Mottl A, Moys R, Mozaffari S, Muir J, Mulhern J, Mulligan S, Munakata Y, Murakami C, Murakoshi M, Murawska A, Murphy K, Murphy L, Murray S, Murtagh H, Musa MA, Mushahar L, Mustafa R, Mustafar R, Muto M, Nadar E, Nagano R, Nagasawa T, Nagashima E, Nagasu H, Nagelberg S, Nair H, Nakagawa Y, Nakahara M, Nakamura J, Nakamura R, Nakamura T, Nakaoka M, Nakashima E, Nakata J, Nakata M, Nakatani S, Nakatsuka A, Nakayama Y, Nakhoul G, Nangaku M, Naverrete G, Navivala A, Nazeer I, Negrea L, Nethaji C, Newman E, Ng SYA, Ng TJ, Ngu LLS, Nimbkar T, Nishi H, Nishi M, Nishi S, Nishida Y, Nishiyama A, Niu J, Niu P, Nobili G, Nohara N, Nojima I, Nolan J, Nosseir H, Nozawa M, Nunn M, Nunokawa S, Oda M, Oe M, Oe Y, Ogane K, Ogawa W, Ogihara T, Oguchi G, Ohsugi M, Oishi K, Okada Y, Okajyo J, Okamoto S, Okamura K, Olufuwa O, Oluyombo R, Omata A, Omori Y, Ong LM, Ong YC, Onyema J, Oomatia A, Oommen A, Oremus R, Orimo Y, Ortalda V, Osaki Y, Osawa Y, Osmond Foster J, O'Sullivan A, Otani T, Othman N, Otomo S, O'Toole J, Owen L, Ozawa T, Padiyar A, Page N, Pajak S, Paliege A, Pandey A, Pandey R, Pariani H, Park J, Parrigon M, Passauer J, Patecki M, Patel M, Patel R, Patel T, Patel Z, Paul R, Paul R, Paulsen L, Pavone L, Peixoto A, Peji J, Peng BC, Peng K, Pennino L, Pereira E, Perez E, Pergola P, Pesce F, Pessolano G, Petchey W, Petr EJ, Pfab T, Phelan P, Phillips R, Phillips T, Phipps M, Piccinni G, Pickett T, Pickworth S, Piemontese M, Pinto D, Piper J, Plummer-Morgan J, Poehler D, Polese L, Poma V, Pontremoli R, Postal A, Pötz C, Power A, Pradhan N, Pradhan R, Preiss D, Preiss E, Preston K, Prib N, Price L, Provenzano C, Pugay C, Pulido R, Putz F, Qiao Y, Quartagno R, Quashie-Akponeware M, Rabara R, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Radhakrishnan D, Radley M, Raff R, Raguwaran S, Rahbari-Oskoui F, Rahman M, Rahmat K, Ramadoss S, Ramanaidu S, Ramasamy S, Ramli R, Ramli S, Ramsey T, Rankin A, Rashidi A, Raymond L, Razali WAFA, Read K, Reiner H, Reisler A, Reith C, Renner J, Rettenmaier B, Richmond L, Rijos D, Rivera R, Rivers V, Robinson H, Rocco M, Rodriguez-Bachiller I, Rodriquez R, Roesch C, Roesch J, Rogers J, Rohnstock M, Rolfsmeier S, Roman M, Romo A, Rosati A, Rosenberg S, Ross T, Rossello X, Roura M, Roussel M, Rovner S, Roy S, Rucker S, Rump L, Ruocco M, Ruse S, Russo F, Russo M, Ryder M, Sabarai A, Saccà C, Sachson R, Sadler E, Safiee NS, Sahani M, Saillant A, Saini J, Saito C, Saito S, Sakaguchi K, Sakai M, Salim H, Salviani C, Sammons E, Sampson A, Samson F, Sandercock P, Sanguila S, Santorelli G, Santoro D, Sarabu N, Saram T, Sardell R, Sasajima H, Sasaki T, Satko S, Sato A, Sato D, Sato H, Sato H, Sato J, Sato T, Sato Y, Satoh M, Sawada K, Schanz M, Scheidemantel F, Schemmelmann M, Schettler E, Schettler V, Schlieper GR, Schmidt C, Schmidt G, Schmidt U, Schmidt-Gurtler H, Schmude M, Schneider A, Schneider I, Schneider-Danwitz C, Schomig M, Schramm T, Schreiber A, Schricker S, Schroppel B, Schulte-Kemna L, Schulz E, Schumacher B, Schuster A, Schwab A, Scolari F, Scott A, Seeger W, Seeger W, Segal M, Seifert L, Seifert M, Sekiya M, Sellars R, Seman MR, Shah S, Shah S, Shainberg L, Shanmuganathan M, Shao F, Sharma K, Sharpe C, Sheikh-Ali M, Sheldon J, Shenton C, Shepherd A, Shepperd M, Sheridan R, Sheriff Z, Shibata Y, Shigehara T, Shikata K, Shimamura K, Shimano H, Shimizu Y, Shimoda H, Shin K, Shivashankar G, Shojima N, Silva R, Sim CSB, Simmons K, Sinha S, Sitter T, Sivanandam S, Skipper M, Sloan K, Sloan L, Smith R, Smyth J, Sobande T, Sobata M, Somalanka S, Song X, Sonntag F, Sood B, Sor SY, Soufer J, Sparks H, Spatoliatore G, Spinola T, Squyres S, Srivastava A, Stanfield J, Staplin N, Staylor K, Steele A, Steen O, Steffl D, Stegbauer J, Stellbrink C, Stellbrink E, Stevens W, Stevenson A, Stewart-Ray V, Stickley J, Stoffler D, Stratmann B, Streitenberger S, Strutz F, Stubbs J, Stumpf J, Suazo N, Suchinda P, Suckling R, Sudin A, Sugamori K, Sugawara H, Sugawara K, Sugimoto D, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama T, Sullivan M, Sumi M, Suresh N, Sutton D, Suzuki H, Suzuki R, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Swanson E, Swift P, Syed S, Szerlip H, Taal M, Taddeo M, Tailor C, Tajima K, Takagi M, Takahashi K, Takahashi K, Takahashi M, Takahashi T, Takahira E, Takai T, Takaoka M, Takeoka J, Takesada A, Takezawa M, Talbot M, Taliercio J, Talsania T, Tamori Y, Tamura R, Tamura Y, Tan CHH, Tan EZZ, Tanabe A, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Tang S, Tang Z, Tanigaki K, Tarlac M, Tatsuzawa A, Tay JF, Tay LL, Taylor J, Taylor K, Taylor K, Te A, Tenbusch L, Teng KS, Terakawa A, Terry J, Tham ZD, Tholl S, Thomas G, Thong KM, Tietjen D, Timadjer A, Tindall H, Tipper S, Tobin K, Toda N, Tokuyama A, Tolibas M, Tomita A, Tomita T, Tomlinson J, Tonks L, Topf J, Topping S, Torp A, Torres A, Totaro F, Toth P, Toyonaga Y, Tripodi F, Trivedi K, Tropman E, Tschope D, Tse J, Tsuji K, Tsunekawa S, Tsunoda R, Tucky B, Tufail S, Tuffaha A, Turan E, Turner H, Turner J, Turner M, Tuttle KR, Tye YL, Tyler A, Tyler J, Uchi H, Uchida H, Uchida T, Uchida T, Udagawa T, Ueda S, Ueda Y, Ueki K, Ugni S, Ugwu E, Umeno R, Unekawa C, Uozumi K, Urquia K, Valleteau A, Valletta C, van Erp R, Vanhoy C, Varad V, Varma R, Varughese A, Vasquez P, Vasseur A, Veelken R, Velagapudi C, Verdel K, Vettoretti S, Vezzoli G, Vielhauer V, Viera R, Vilar E, Villaruel S, Vinall L, Vinathan J, Visnjic M, Voigt E, von-Eynatten M, Vourvou M, Wada J, Wada J, Wada T, Wada Y, Wakayama K, Wakita Y, Wallendszus K, Walters T, Wan Mohamad WH, Wang L, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Wanner C, Wanninayake S, Watada H, Watanabe K, Watanabe K, Watanabe M, Waterfall H, Watkins D, Watson S, Weaving L, Weber B, Webley Y, Webster A, Webster M, Weetman M, Wei W, Weihprecht H, Weiland L, Weinmann-Menke J, Weinreich T, Wendt R, Weng Y, Whalen M, Whalley G, Wheatley R, Wheeler A, Wheeler J, Whelton P, White K, Whitmore B, Whittaker S, Wiebel J, Wiley J, Wilkinson L, Willett M, Williams A, Williams E, Williams K, Williams T, Wilson A, Wilson P, Wincott L, Wines E, Winkelmann B, Winkler M, Winter-Goodwin B, Witczak J, Wittes J, Wittmann M, Wolf G, Wolf L, Wolfling R, Wong C, Wong E, Wong HS, Wong LW, Wong YH, Wonnacott A, Wood A, Wood L, Woodhouse H, Wooding N, Woodman A, Wren K, Wu J, Wu P, Xia S, Xiao H, Xiao X, Xie Y, Xu C, Xu Y, Xue H, Yahaya H, Yalamanchili H, Yamada A, Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Zhang J, Zhang S, Xu S, Zhu Z, Li J, Wang Z, Wada Y, Gatt A, Liu J. Oxidative Stress Induces E-Selectin Expression through Repression of Endothelial Transcription Factor ERG. J Immunol 2023; 211:1835-1843. [PMID: 37930129 PMCID: PMC10694031 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress induces a prothrombotic state through enhancement of adhesion properties of the endothelium. E-selectin, an endothelial cell adhesion molecule, becomes a therapeutic target for venous thrombosis, whereas the regulatory mechanisms of its expression have not been fully understood. In the present study, we report that H2O2 treatment increases expression of E-selectin but decreases expression of the endothelial transcription factor ETS-related gene (ERG) in HUVECs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In BALB/c mice treated with hypochlorous acid, E-selectin expression is increased and ERG expression is decreased in endothelial cells of the brain and lung. RNA interference of ERG upregulates E-selectin expression, whereas transfection of ERG-expressing plasmid downregulates E-selectin expression in HUVECs. Knockdown or overexpression of ERG comprises H2O2-induced E-selectin expression in HUVECs. Deletion of the Erg gene in mice results in embryonic lethality at embryonic days 10.5-12.5, and E-selectin expression is increased in the Erg-/- embryos. No chromatin loop was found on the E-selectin gene or its promoter region by capture high-throughput chromosome conformation capture. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assay determined that the -127 ERG binding motif mediates ERG-repressed E-selectin promoter activity. In addition, ERG decreases H2O2-induced monocyte adhesion. Together, ERG represses the E-selectin gene transcription and inhibits oxidative stress-induced endothelial cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanhu Xu
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiying Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zengjin Wang
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alex Gatt
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Tal-Qroqq, Msida, Malta
- Hematology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - Ju Liu
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
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Yamauchi R, Fujisawa M, Koyanagi S, Muramatsu A, Kobayashi T, Wada Y, Akama K, Tanaka M, Kurashige H, Sato A, Horiuchi H, Mukai T, Yamamoto Y, Sasaki Y. Formate-producing capacity provided by reducing ability of Streptococcus thermophilus nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase determines yogurt acidification rate. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:6710-6722. [PMID: 37211485 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Yogurt is made by fermenting milk with 2 lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus. To comprehensively understand the protocooperation mechanism between S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus in yogurt fermentation, we examined 24 combinations of cocultures comprising 7 fast- or slow-acidifying S. thermophilus strains with 6 fast- or slow-acidifying L. bulgaricus strains. Furthermore, 3 NADH oxidase (Nox)-deficient mutants (Δnox) and one pyruvate formate-lyase deficient mutant (ΔpflB) of S. thermophilus were used to evaluate the factor that determines the acidification rate of S. thermophilus. The results revealed that the acidification rate of S. thermophilus monoculture determined the yogurt fermentation rates, despite the coexistence of L. bulgaricus, whose acidification rate was either fast or slow. Significant correlation was found between the acidification rate of S. thermophilus monoculture and the amount of formate production. Result using ΔpflB showed that the formate was indispensable for the acidification of S. thermophilus. Moreover, results of the Δnox experiments revealed that formate production required Nox activity, which not only regulated dissolved oxygen, but also the redox potential. The Nox provided the large decrease in redox potential required by pyruvate formate-lyase to produce formate. A highly significant correlation was found between formate accumulation and Nox activity in S. thermophilus. In conclusion, the formate production ability provided by the action of Nox activity determines the acidification rate of S. thermophilus, and consequently, regulates yogurt coculture fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Meiji, 1-1-1 Higashi-Mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - M Fujisawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Meiji, 1-1-1 Higashi-Mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - S Koyanagi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Meiji, 1-1-1 Higashi-Mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - A Muramatsu
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Meiji, 1-1-1 Higashi-Mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - T Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Meiji, 1-1-1 Higashi-Mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Y Wada
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Meiji, 1-1-1 Higashi-Mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - K Akama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Meiji, 1-1-1 Higashi-Mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - M Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Meiji, 1-1-1 Higashi-Mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - H Kurashige
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1 Higashi 23, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - A Sato
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1 Higashi 23, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - H Horiuchi
- Food Science and Technology Research Laboratories, R&D Division, Meiji Co. Ltd., 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
| | - T Mukai
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1 Higashi 23, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Y Yamamoto
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1 Higashi 23, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Y Sasaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Meiji, 1-1-1 Higashi-Mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan.
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Katsura M, Urade Y, Nansai H, Kobayashi M, Taguchi A, Ishikawa Y, Ito T, Fukunaga H, Tozawa H, Chikaoka Y, Nakaki R, Echigo A, Kohro T, Sone H, Wada Y. Low-dose radiation induces unstable gene expression in developing human iPSC-derived retinal ganglion organoids. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12888. [PMID: 37558727 PMCID: PMC10412642 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of low-dose radiation on undifferentiated cells carry important implications. However, the effects on developing retinal cells remain unclear. Here, we analyzed the gene expression characteristics of neuronal organoids containing immature human retinal cells under low-dose radiation and predicted their changes. Developing retinal cells generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were irradiated with either 30 or 180 mGy on days 4-5 of development for 24 h. Genome-wide gene expression was observed until day 35. A knowledge-based pathway analysis algorithm revealed fluctuations in Rho signaling and many other pathways. After a month, the levels of an essential transcription factor of eye development, the proportion of paired box 6 (PAX6)-positive cells, and the proportion of retinal ganglion cell (RGC)-specific transcription factor POU class 4 homeobox 2 (POU4F2)-positive cells increased with 30 mGy of irradiation. In contrast, they decreased after 180 mGy of irradiation. Activation of the "development of neurons" pathway after 180 mGy indicated the dedifferentiation and development of other neural cells. Fluctuating effects after low-dose radiation exposure suggest that developing retinal cells employ hormesis and dedifferentiation mechanisms in response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Katsura
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Reiwa Eye Clinic, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Urade
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nansai
- Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Kobayashi
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akashi Taguchi
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Ishikawa
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ito
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hisako Fukunaga
- Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideto Tozawa
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Chikaoka
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Takahide Kohro
- Department of Clinical Informatics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hideko Sone
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
- Environmental Health and Prevention Research Unit, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Nakamura Y, Matsumoto H, Wu CH, Fukaya D, Uni R, Hirakawa Y, Katagiri M, Yamada S, Ko T, Nomura S, Wada Y, Komuro I, Nangaku M, Inagi R, Inoue T. Alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors signaling boosts cell-cell interactions in macrophages effecting anti-inflammatory and organ protection. Commun Biol 2023; 6:666. [PMID: 37353597 PMCID: PMC10290099 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) via vagus nerve stimulation has been shown to improve acute kidney injury in rodent models. While alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) positive macrophages are thought to play a crucial role in this pathway, their in vivo significance has not been fully understood. In this study, we used macrophage-specific α7nAChR-deficient mice to confirm the direct activation of α7nAChRs in macrophages. Our findings indicate that the administration of GTS-21, an α7nAChR-specific agonist, protects injured kidneys in wild-type mice but not in macrophage-specific α7nAChR-deficient mice. To investigate the signal changes or cell reconstructions induced by α7nAChR activation in splenocytes, we conducted single-cell RNA-sequencing of the spleen. Ligand-receptor analysis revealed an increase in macrophage-macrophage interactions. Using macrophage-derived cell lines, we demonstrated that GTS-21 increases cell contact, and that the contact between macrophages receiving α7nAChR signals leads to a reduction in TNF-α. Our results suggest that α7nAChR signaling increases macrophage-macrophage interactions in the spleen and has a protective effect on the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuna Nakamura
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Matsumoto
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Chia-Hsien Wu
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Daichi Fukaya
- Department of Nephrology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Rie Uni
- Division of CKD pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hirakawa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikako Katagiri
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yamada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seitaro Nomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of CKD pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
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Shima Y, Sasagawa S, Ota N, Oyama R, Tanaka M, Kubota-Sakashita M, Kawakami H, Kobayashi M, Takubo N, Ozeki AN, Sun X, Kim YJ, Kamatani Y, Matsuda K, Maejima K, Fujita M, Noda K, Kamiyama H, Tanikawa R, Nagane M, Shibahara J, Tanaka T, Rikitake Y, Mataga N, Takahashi S, Kosaki K, Okano H, Furihata T, Nakaki R, Akimitsu N, Wada Y, Ohtsuka T, Kurihara H, Kamiguchi H, Okabe S, Nakafuku M, Kato T, Nakagawa H, Saito N, Nakatomi H. Increased PDGFRB and NF-κB signaling caused by highly prevalent somatic mutations in intracranial aneurysms. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabq7721. [PMID: 37315111 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq7721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are a high-risk factor for life-threatening subarachnoid hemorrhage. Their etiology, however, remains mostly unknown at present. We conducted screening for sporadic somatic mutations in 65 IA tissues (54 saccular and 11 fusiform aneurysms) and paired blood samples by whole-exome and targeted deep sequencing. We identified sporadic mutations in multiple signaling genes and examined their impact on downstream signaling pathways and gene expression in vitro and an arterial dilatation model in mice in vivo. We identified 16 genes that were mutated in at least one IA case and found that these mutations were highly prevalent (92%: 60 of 65 IAs) among all IA cases examined. In particular, mutations in six genes (PDGFRB, AHNAK, OBSCN, RBM10, CACNA1E, and OR5P3), many of which are linked to NF-κB signaling, were found in both fusiform and saccular IAs at a high prevalence (43% of all IA cases examined). We found that mutant PDGFRBs constitutively activated ERK and NF-κB signaling, enhanced cell motility, and induced inflammation-related gene expression in vitro. Spatial transcriptomics also detected similar changes in vessels from patients with IA. Furthermore, virus-mediated overexpression of a mutant PDGFRB induced a fusiform-like dilatation of the basilar artery in mice, which was blocked by systemic administration of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib. Collectively, this study reveals a high prevalence of somatic mutations in NF-κB signaling pathway-related genes in both fusiform and saccular IAs and opens a new avenue of research for developing pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Shima
- Biomedical Neural Dynamics Collaboration Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaboration Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shota Sasagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Nakao Ota
- Biomedical Neural Dynamics Collaboration Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Teishinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 065-0033, Japan
| | - Rieko Oyama
- Biomedical Neural Dynamics Collaboration Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanaka
- Biomedical Neural Dynamics Collaboration Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Division of Innovative Cancer Therapy and Department of Surgical Neuro-Oncology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Mie Kubota-Sakashita
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hirochika Kawakami
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mika Kobayashi
- Isotope Science Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Naoko Takubo
- Isotope Science Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | | | - Xiaoning Sun
- Isotope Science Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yeon-Jeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Maejima
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kosumo Noda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Teishinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 065-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Kamiyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Teishinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 065-0033, Japan
| | - Rokuya Tanikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Teishinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 065-0033, Japan
| | - Motoo Nagane
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Junji Shibahara
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Toru Tanaka
- Laboratory of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Rikitake
- Laboratory of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8558, Japan
| | - Nobuko Mataga
- Support Unit for Bio-Material Analysis, Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Tomomi Furihata
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | | | | | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Ohtsuka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kurihara
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kamiguchi
- Laboratory for Neural Cell Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shigeo Okabe
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
- Brain Medical Science Collaboration Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masato Nakafuku
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hidewaki Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Saito
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nakatomi
- Biomedical Neural Dynamics Collaboration Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
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10
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Inoue T, Nakamura Y, Tanaka S, Kohro T, Li LX, Huang L, Yao J, Kawamura S, Inoue R, Nishi H, Fukaya D, Uni R, Hasegawa S, Inagi R, Umene R, Wu CH, Ye H, Bajwa A, Rosin DL, Ishihara K, Nangaku M, Wada Y, Okusa MD. Bone marrow stromal cell antigen-1 (CD157) regulated by sphingosine kinase 2 mediates kidney fibrosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:993698. [PMID: 36267620 PMCID: PMC9576863 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.993698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disease that may lead to end-stage renal disease. Interstitial fibrosis develops as the disease progresses. Therapies that focus on fibrosis to delay or reverse progressive renal failure are limited. We and others showed that sphingosine kinase 2-deficient mice (Sphk2 -/-) develop less fibrosis in mouse models of kidney fibrosis. Sphingosine kinase2 (SphK2), one of two sphingosine kinases that produce sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), is primarily located in the nucleus. S1P produced by SphK2 inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC) and changes histone acetylation status, which can lead to altered target gene expression. We hypothesized that Sphk2 epigenetically regulates downstream genes to induce fibrosis, and we performed a comprehensive analysis using the combination of RNA-seq and ChIP-seq. Bst1/CD157 was identified as a gene that is regulated by SphK2 through a change in histone acetylation level, and Bst1 -/- mice were found to develop less renal fibrosis after unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury, a mouse model of kidney fibrosis. Although Bst1 is a cell-surface molecule that has a wide variety of functions through its varied enzymatic activities and downstream intracellular signaling pathways, no studies on the role of Bst1 in kidney diseases have been reported previously. In the current study, we demonstrated that Bst1 is a gene that is regulated by SphK2 through epigenetic change and is critical in kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States,Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuna Nakamura
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Takahide Kohro
- Department of Clinical Informatics/Cardiology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Lisa X. Li
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Liping Huang
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Junlan Yao
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Suzuka Kawamura
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Reiko Inoue
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishi
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daichi Fukaya
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rie Uni
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Hasegawa
- Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Umene
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Chia-Hsien Wu
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hong Ye
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Diane L. Rosin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Katsuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mark D. Okusa
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States,*Correspondence: Mark D. Okusa,
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11
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Wada Y, Jensen C, Meyer S, Yamamoto Y, Honda H. Effects of interleukin-6 inhibition with ziltivekimab in patients at high risk of atherosclerotic events in Japan: results from the phase 2 RESCUE-2 trial. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
In the US phase 2 RESCUE trial, ziltivekimab, a fully human monoclonal antibody against the ligand of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6, was shown to reduce biomarkers of inflammation in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a marker of inflammation and cardiac risk.1 Here, we present outcomes from the phase 2 RESCUE-2 trial of ziltivekimab in a patient population from Japan.
Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ziltivekimab 15 mg and 30 mg compared with placebo in Japanese patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD (NDD-CKD).
Methods
We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 36 patients aged ≥20 years with stage 3–5 NDD-CKD and hsCRP ≥2 mg/L. Patients were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous ziltivekimab 15 mg (n=11) or 30 mg (n=12), or placebo (n=13) at weeks 0, 4 and 8. The primary endpoint was percentage change in hsCRP levels from baseline to end of treatment (EOT) (average of week 10 and week 12 values); secondary endpoints included percentage change from baseline to EOT in levels of fibrinogen, serum amyloid A (SAA), N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and lipids. Analysis of endpoints was performed using Wilcoxon two-sample test; differences between treatment groups were calculated using the Hodges–Lehmann estimator.
Results
Baseline characteristics are shown in the Table. At EOT, median hsCRP levels were reduced by 96% and 93% in the ziltivekimab 15 mg and 30 mg groups, respectively, compared with 27% for placebo (both p<0.001 vs placebo). At both doses, ziltivekimab provided rapid and sustained suppression of hsCRP over the 12-week treatment period (Figure). Statistically significant reductions in levels of the inflammatory markers SAA (15 mg: 71%; 30 mg: 58%; placebo: 30%; both p<0.01 vs placebo) and fibrinogen (38%; 34%; 2%; both p<0.0001 vs placebo) were also observed. Ziltivekimab was well tolerated, did not result in persistent neutropenia or thrombocytopenia, and had minimal effect on liver enzyme levels. There was a non-significant increase in low-density lipoprotein levels and a neutral effect on high-density lipoprotein levels. There was a limited, but statistically significant (p<0.05 vs placebo) increase in triglycerides, whereby levels increased in some patients and decreased in others.
Conclusion
Ziltivekimab effectively reduced inflammatory biomarkers associated with atherosclerosis in patients from Japan with CKD and residual inflammatory risk as measured by hsCRP. A significant reduction of more than 90% in hsCRP levels for both doses of ziltivekimab was demonstrated, with a safety profile similar to placebo. Overall, the results of the RESCUE-2 trial in Japan are consistent with the efficacy and safety results of the US-based RESCUE trial.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): This study was funded by Novo Nordisk A/S. Medical writing support was provided by Johanna Scheinost PhD, PharmaGenesis Oxford Central, Oxford, UK, with funding from Novo Nordisk A/S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wada
- Showa University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - C Jensen
- Novo Nordisk A/S , Søborg , Denmark
| | - S Meyer
- Novo Nordisk A/S , Søborg , Denmark
| | | | - H Honda
- Showa University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
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12
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Kaneko Y, Sugiyama A, Tanaka T, Fukui K, Taguchi A, Tatsuno K, Nakayama A, Koga K, Kishi Y, Daming W, Qian C, Xia F, He F, Zheng L, Yu Y, Wada Y, Wada Y, Kodama T, Kawamura T. The serological diversity of serum IgG/IgA/IgM against SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleoprotein, spike, and receptor‐binding domain and neutralizing antibodies in patients with COVID‐19 in Japan. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e572. [PMID: 35509410 PMCID: PMC9059222 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We compared the temporal changes of immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) nucleoprotein (N), spike 1 subunit (S1), and receptor‐binding domain (RBD), and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against SARS‐CoV‐2 in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) to understand the humoral immunity in COVID‐19 patients for developing drugs and vaccines for COVID‐19. Methods A total of five confirmed COVID‐19 cases in Nissan Tamagawa Hospital in early August 2020 were recruited in this study. Using a fully automated chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer, we measured the levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM against SARS‐CoV‐2 N, S1, and RBD and NAbs against SARS‐CoV‐2 in COVID‐19 patients' sera acquired multiple times in individuals from 0 to 76 days after symptom onset. Results IgG levels against SARS‐CoV‐2 structural proteins increased over time in all cases but IgM and IgA levels against SARS‐CoV‐2 showed different increasing trends among individuals in the early stage. In particular, we observed IgA increasing before IgG and IgM in some cases. The NAb levels were more than cut‐off value in 4/5 COVID‐19 patients some of whose antibodies against RBD did not exceed the cut‐off value in the early stage. Furthermore, NAb levels against SARS‐CoV‐2 increased and kept above cut‐off value more than around 70 days after symptom onset in all cases. Conclusion Our findings indicate COVID‐19 patients should be examined for IgG, IgA, and IgM against SARS‐CoV‐2 structural proteins and NAbs against SARS‐CoV‐2 to analyze the diversity of patients' immune mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Kaneko
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co. Ltd Tokyo Japan
| | - Akira Sugiyama
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Isotope Science Center The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Toshiya Tanaka
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Akashi Taguchi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenji Tatsuno
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Aya Nakayama
- Isotope Science Center The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazumasa Koga
- Department of Neurology Nissan Tamagawa Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshiro Kishi
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co. Ltd Tokyo Japan
| | - Wang Daming
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou China
| | - Chungen Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics—Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - Fuzhen Xia
- Reagent R&D Center Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co. Ltd Guangdong China
| | - Fan He
- Reagent R&D Center Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co. Ltd Guangdong China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Reagent R&D Center Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co. Ltd Guangdong China
| | - Yi Yu
- Reagent R&D Center Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co. Ltd Guangdong China
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Isotope Science Center The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Wada
- Department of Neurology Nissan Tamagawa Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Isotope Science Center The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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13
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Jang J, Kumakura Y, Tatenuma K, Ozeki AN, Wada Y, Akimitsu N, Tsuguchi A, Kikunaga H, Higaki S, Uesaka M. A preliminary biodistribution study of [99mTc]sodium pertechnetate prepared from an electron linear accelerator and activated carbon-based 99mTc generator. Nucl Med Biol 2022; 110-111:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Wada Y, Harun A, Yean C, Abdul-Rahman Z. Global Prevalence of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus in Wildlife: The First Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Int J Infect Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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15
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Wu CH, Inoue T, Nakamura Y, Uni R, Hasegawa S, Maekawa H, Sugahara M, Wada Y, Tanaka T, Nangaku M, Inagi R. Activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors attenuates monocyte-endothelial adhesion through FUT7 inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 590:89-96. [PMID: 34973535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.12.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) describes a neuronal-inflammatory reflex centered on systemic cytokine regulation by α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) activation of spleen-residue macrophage. However, the CAP mechanism attenuating distal tissue inflammation, inducing a low level of systemic inflammation, is lesser known. In this study, we hypothesized that CAP regulates monocyte accessibility by influencing their adhesion to endothelial cells. Using RNA-seq analysis, we identified that α1,3-Fucosyltransferase 7 (FucT-VII), the enzyme required for processing selectin ligands, was significantly downregulated by α7nAChR agonist among other cell-cell adhesion genes. The α7nAChR agonist inhibited monocytic cell line U-937 binding to P-selectin and adhesion to endothelial cells. Furthermore, α7nAChR agonist selectivity was confirmed by α7nAChR knockdown assays, showing that FUT7 inhibition and adhesion attenuation by the agonist was abolished by siRNA targeting α7nAChR encoding gene. Consistently, FUT7 knockdown inhibited the adhesive properties of U-937 and prevented them to adhere to endothelial cells. Overexpression of FUT7 also abrogated the adhesion attenuation induced by GTS-21 indicating that FUT7 inhibition was sufficient for inhibiting adhesion by α7nAChR activation. Our work demonstrated that α7nAChR activation regulates monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells through FUT7 inhibition, providing a novel insight into the CAP mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsien Wu
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Yasuna Nakamura
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Rie Uni
- Division of CKD Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Hasegawa
- Division of CKD Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maekawa
- Division of CKD Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Sugahara
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of CKD Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Taniue K, Tanu T, Shimoura Y, Mitsutomi S, Han H, Kakisaka R, Ono Y, Tamamura N, Takahashi K, Wada Y, Mizukami Y, Akimitsu N. RNA Exosome Component EXOSC4 Amplified in Multiple Cancer Types Is Required for the Cancer Cell Survival. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:496. [PMID: 35008922 PMCID: PMC8745236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNA exosome is a multi-subunit ribonuclease complex that is evolutionally conserved and the major cellular machinery for the surveillance, processing, degradation, and turnover of diverse RNAs essential for cell viability. Here we performed integrated genomic and clinicopathological analyses of 27 RNA exosome components across 32 tumor types using The Cancer Genome Atlas PanCancer Atlas Studies' datasets. We discovered that the EXOSC4 gene, which encodes a barrel component of the RNA exosome, was amplified across multiple cancer types. We further found that EXOSC4 alteration is associated with a poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Moreover, we demonstrated that EXOSC4 is required for the survival of pancreatic cancer cells. EXOSC4 also repressed BIK expression and destabilized SESN2 mRNA by promoting its degradation. Furthermore, knockdown of BIK and SESN2 could partially rescue pancreatic cells from the reduction in cell viability caused by EXOSC4 knockdown. Our study provides evidence for EXOSC4-mediated regulation of BIK and SESN2 mRNA in the survival of pancreatic tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenzui Taniue
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.S.); (S.M.); (H.H.); (Y.W.)
- Cancer Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (N.T.); (K.T.); (Y.M.)
| | - Tanzina Tanu
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.S.); (S.M.); (H.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuki Shimoura
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.S.); (S.M.); (H.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shuhei Mitsutomi
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.S.); (S.M.); (H.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Han Han
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.S.); (S.M.); (H.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Rika Kakisaka
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital, Sapporo 065-0033, Japan; (R.K.); (Y.O.)
| | - Yusuke Ono
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital, Sapporo 065-0033, Japan; (R.K.); (Y.O.)
| | - Nobue Tamamura
- Cancer Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (N.T.); (K.T.); (Y.M.)
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Cancer Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (N.T.); (K.T.); (Y.M.)
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.S.); (S.M.); (H.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yusuke Mizukami
- Cancer Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (N.T.); (K.T.); (Y.M.)
| | - Nobuyoshi Akimitsu
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.S.); (S.M.); (H.H.); (Y.W.)
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17
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Matsumura Y, Ito R, Yajima A, Yamaguchi R, Tanaka T, Kawamura T, Magoori K, Abe Y, Uchida A, Yoneshiro T, Hirakawa H, Zhang J, Arai M, Yang C, Yang G, Takahashi H, Fujihashi H, Nakaki R, Yamamoto S, Ota S, Tsutsumi S, Inoue SI, Kimura H, Wada Y, Kodama T, Inagaki T, Osborne TF, Aburatani H, Node K, Sakai J. Spatiotemporal dynamics of SETD5-containing NCoR-HDAC3 complex determines enhancer activation for adipogenesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7045. [PMID: 34857762 PMCID: PMC8639990 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancer activation is essential for cell-type specific gene expression during cellular differentiation, however, how enhancers transition from a hypoacetylated "primed" state to a hyperacetylated-active state is incompletely understood. Here, we show SET domain-containing 5 (SETD5) forms a complex with NCoR-HDAC3 co-repressor that prevents histone acetylation of enhancers for two master adipogenic regulatory genes Cebpa and Pparg early during adipogenesis. The loss of SETD5 from the complex is followed by enhancer hyperacetylation. SETD5 protein levels were transiently increased and rapidly degraded prior to enhancer activation providing a mechanism for the loss of SETD5 during the transition. We show that induction of the CDC20 co-activator of the ubiquitin ligase leads to APC/C mediated degradation of SETD5 during the transition and this operates as a molecular switch that facilitates adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Matsumura
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ryo Ito
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ayumu Yajima
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.412339.e0000 0001 1172 4459Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Rei Yamaguchi
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiya Tanaka
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Nuclear Receptor Medicine, Laboratories for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XIsotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Magoori
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Abe
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aoi Uchida
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoneshiro
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hirakawa
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.265073.50000 0001 1014 9130Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ji Zhang
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Arai
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chaoran Yang
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ge Yang
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujihashi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakaki
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGenome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,Rhelixa Inc, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Yamamoto
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGenome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ota
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGenome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsutsumi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGenome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Inoue
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- grid.32197.3e0000 0001 2179 2105Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XIsotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Nuclear Receptor Medicine, Laboratories for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inagaki
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.256642.10000 0000 9269 4097Laboratory of Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Timothy F. Osborne
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, and Medicine in the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Petersburg, FL USA
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGenome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Node
- grid.412339.e0000 0001 1172 4459Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Juro Sakai
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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18
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Nishiura D, Nambu I, Maruyama Y, Wada Y. Improvement of human error prediction accuracy in single-trial analysis of electroencephalogram. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2021; 2021:6179-6182. [PMID: 34892527 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The prevention of human error is an important task that has already been researched. Previous studies have shown that EEG signals can predict the occurrence of human errors. However, high accuracy has not yet been achieved in a single-trial analysis. This study is aimed to improve the accuracy of single-trial analysis, and propose a method for anomaly detection with auto encoder(AE). In the experiment, we conducted "Press the button(Go)" or "Do nothing(No-Go)" according to the visual stimulus and analyzed the EEG signal from -1000 ms to 0 ms when the stimulus was displayed. We prepared two types of inputs, time series data and frequency spectrum, and an AE was trained to reconstruct the inputs. We then calculated the difference between the reconstructed data and input data and predicted human error by its largeness. In the prediction using Support Vector Machine (SVM) based on the frequency spectrum, some over-fitting occurred and the average accuracy was 43 %. In the prediction using anomaly detection with frequency spectrum was 53 % and could not be classified. The time series data was 63 % which improved the accuracy. A previous study has shown frequency-dependent features such as -band activity and rhythm, as precursors of human error. However, in single-trial analysis, we obtained a higher accuracy by time series data than when by using the frequency spectrum. However, there was no noticeable difference between SVM and anomaly detection methods other than over-fitting. Therefore, in this case, the improvement in accuracy by the anomaly detection method could not be confirmed. However, the result suggests that it is more effective to use the frequency spectrum than the time series data in the single-trial analysis in the future.
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19
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Kinoshita N, Nawata T, Okuda S, Kubo M, Wada Y, Kobayashi S, Tanaka N, Yano M. Cardiac phenotypes in the acute-phase of microscopic polyangiitis involves dilatation of the left atrium caused by LV diastolic dysfunction. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is a type of primary systemic vasculitis that affects various organs, especially the lungs and kidneys. However, few reports regarding cardiac features of MPA patients were found.
Purpose
We aim to investigate the echocardiographic parameters of acute-phase MPA.
Methods and results
This single-center retrospective study included 15 patients with MPA (Mean age at 72.2±7.1 years, women 73.3%) who underwent echocardiography within two weeks of commencing steroid therapy for induction or reinduction. The echocardiography parameters of the patients were compared with those of 30 age and sex-matched controls. In the MPA group, the commonly affected organs were kidneys (93.3%) and lungs (46.7%); 5 patients (33.3%) had a history of hypertension, which had a similar frequency as the control group. No significant difference in left ventricular (LV) diameter, LV ejection fraction, e', or inferior vena cava diameter was observed between the two groups. However, the MPA group showed significantly higher left atrial (LA) diameter (p=0.033) and LA volume index (p=0.001), as well as higher early diastolic filling velocity (E-wave, p=0.015; E/A, p=0.043; E/e', p=0.041), diastolic pulmonary venous flow velocity (p=0.013), trans-tricuspid pressure gradient (p=0.019), and shorter deceleration time (p=0.038), associated with mildly thicker ventricular walls of left ventricle (LV) than the control group. Moreover, serum levels of C-reactive protein showed significant correlation between E wave (r=0.58, p=0.023), E/A (r=0.67, p=0.006), and deceleration time (r=−0.69, p=0.005) in the MPA group. These results may indicate that in MPA, increased LV stiffness, rather than impairment of LV relaxation was contributed to LV diastolic function, resulting in LA enlargement.
Conclusion
Patients with acute-phase MPA had LA dilatation associated with LV diastolic dysfunction. This finding indicates the importance of cardiac assessment in patients with MPA.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kinoshita
- Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Ube, Japan
| | - T Nawata
- Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Ube, Japan
| | - S Okuda
- Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Ube, Japan
| | - M Kubo
- Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Ube, Japan
| | - Y Wada
- Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Ube, Japan
| | - S Kobayashi
- Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Ube, Japan
| | - N Tanaka
- Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Ube, Japan
| | - M Yano
- Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Ube, Japan
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20
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Tatsuno S, Doi H, Okada W, Inoue E, Nakamura K, Sano K, Wada Y, Uehara T, Inada M, Nakamatsu K, Monzen K, Hosono M, Matsumoto K, Tanooka M, Tanaka M, Nishimura Y. PO-1173 Previous pneumectomy is a risk factor of severe radiation pneumonitis after IMRT for lung cancer. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Hasegawa S, Inoue T, Nakamura Y, Fukaya D, Uni R, Wu CH, Fujii R, Peerapanyasut W, Taguchi A, Kohro T, Yamada S, Katagiri M, Ko T, Nomura S, Nakanishi Ozeki A, Susaki EA, Ueda HR, Akimitsu N, Wada Y, Komuro I, Nangaku M, Inagi R. Activation of Sympathetic Signaling in Macrophages Blocks Systemic Inflammation and Protects against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:1599-1615. [PMID: 33875568 PMCID: PMC8425643 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020121723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sympathetic nervous system regulates immune cell dynamics. However, the detailed role of sympathetic signaling in inflammatory diseases is still unclear because it varies according to the disease situation and responsible cell types. This study focused on identifying the functions of sympathetic signaling in macrophages in LPS-induced sepsis and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). METHODS We performed RNA sequencing of mouse macrophage cell lines to identify the critical gene that mediates the anti-inflammatory effect of β2-adrenergic receptor (Adrb2) signaling. We also examined the effects of salbutamol (a selective Adrb2 agonist) in LPS-induced systemic inflammation and renal IRI. Macrophage-specific Adrb2 conditional knockout (cKO) mice and the adoptive transfer of salbutamol-treated macrophages were used to assess the involvement of macrophage Adrb2 signaling. RESULTS In vitro, activation of Adrb2 signaling in macrophages induced the expression of T cell Ig and mucin domain 3 (Tim3), which contributes to anti-inflammatory phenotypic alterations. In vivo, salbutamol administration blocked LPS-induced systemic inflammation and protected against renal IRI; this protection was mitigated in macrophage-specific Adrb2 cKO mice. The adoptive transfer of salbutamol-treated macrophages also protected against renal IRI. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that this protection was associated with the accumulation of Tim3-expressing macrophages in the renal tissue. CONCLUSIONS The activation of Adrb2 signaling in macrophages induces anti-inflammatory phenotypic alterations partially via the induction of Tim3 expression, which blocks LPS-induced systemic inflammation and protects against renal IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Hasegawa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Division of CKD Pathophysiology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Division of CKD Pathophysiology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuna Nakamura
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Daichi Fukaya
- Division of CKD Pathophysiology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Nephrology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Rie Uni
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Division of CKD Pathophysiology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chia-Hsien Wu
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Rie Fujii
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Division of CKD Pathophysiology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wachirasek Peerapanyasut
- Division of CKD Pathophysiology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Mahidol University, Nakhonsawan Campus, Nakhonsawan, Thailand
| | - Akashi Taguchi
- Isotope Science Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahide Kohro
- Department of Clinical Informatics/Cardiology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yamada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technologies, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikako Katagiri
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technologies, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seitaro Nomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technologies, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Etsuo A. Susaki
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroki R. Ueda
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of CKD Pathophysiology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Nagai N, Shindo N, Wada A, Izu H, Fujii T, Matsubara K, Wada Y, Sakane N. Effects of Rice Wine Lees on Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Physically Active Older Adults: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2021; 7:95-103. [PMID: 32236398 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2019.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice wine lees (RWL), a Japanese traditional fermented product, is a rich source of one-carbon metabolism-related nutrients, which may have beneficial effects on cognitive function. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the effect of the RWL on cognitive function in community-dwelling physically active older adults. DESIGN Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study (clinical trial number: UMIN 000027158). SETTING Community-based intervention including assessments conducted at the University of Hyogo and a public liberal arts school in Himeji City, Japan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 35 community-dwelling older adults (68-80 years) who performed mild exercise before and during the trial were assigned to either the RWL (n=17) or the placebo group (n=18). INTERVENTION Daily consumption of 50 g RWL powder, which contained one-carbon metabolism-related nutrients, or the placebo powder (made from soy protein and dextrin) for 12 weeks. Both supplements included equivalent amounts of energy and protein. MEASUREMENTS Montreal Cognitive Assessment, computerized cognitive function test, and measurements of serum predictive biomarkers (transthyretin, apolipoprotein A1, and complement C3) were conducted at baseline and follow-up. RESULTS Visual selective attention and serum transthyretin significantly improved in the RWL group, whereas there was no significant change in the placebo group. No significant group difference was observed in the remaining cognitive performance tests. CONCLUSIONS RWL supplements seem to have a few effects on cognitive function in community-dwelling physically active older adults. However, the impact was limited; therefore, further studies with sufficient sample size are warranted to elucidate this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nagai
- Narumi Nagai, Department of Food and Nutritional Science, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, 1-1-12 Shinzaike-honcho, Himeji, Hyogo, 670-0092 Japan, , Tel.: +81792921515, Fax.: +81792935710
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23
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Shimizu T, Maruyama K, Kawamura T, Urade Y, Wada Y. Author Correction: PERK participates in cardiac valve development via fatty acid oxidation and endocardial-mesenchymal transformation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5167. [PMID: 33637857 PMCID: PMC7910572 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shimizu
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan. .,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Maruyama
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Urade
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
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24
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Shimizu T, Higashijima Y, Kanki Y, Nakaki R, Kawamura T, Urade Y, Wada Y. PERK inhibition attenuates vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension caused by BMPR2 mutation. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/667/eabb3616. [PMID: 33500333 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abb3616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal disease characterized by excessive pulmonary vascular remodeling. However, despite advances in therapeutic strategies, patients with PAH bearing mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2)-encoding gene present severe phenotypes and outcomes. We sought to investigate the effect of PER-like kinase (PERK), which participates in one of three major pathways associated with the unfolded protein response (UPR), on PAH pathophysiology in BMPR2 heterozygous mice. BMPR2 heterozygosity in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) decreased the abundance of the antiapoptotic microRNA miR124-3p through the arm of the UPR mediated by PERK. Hypoxia promoted the accumulation of unfolded proteins in BMPR2 heterozygous PASMCs, resulting in increased PERK signaling, cell viability, cellular proliferation, and glycolysis. Proteomic analyses revealed that PERK ablation suppressed PDGFRβ-STAT1 signaling and glycolysis in hypoxic BMPR2 heterozygous PASMCs. Furthermore, PERK ablation or PERK inhibition ameliorated pulmonary vascular remodeling in the Sugen/chronic hypoxia model of PAH, irrespective of BMPR2 status. Hence, these findings suggest that PERK inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with PAH with or without BMPR2 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shimizu
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan. .,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Higashijima
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.,Department of Bioinformational Pharmacology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.,Department of Proteomics, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yasuharu Kanki
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.,Laboratory of Laboratory/Sports Medicine, Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | | | - Takeshi Kawamura
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Urade
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
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25
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Shimizu T, Maruyama K, Kawamura T, Urade Y, Wada Y. PERK participates in cardiac valve development via fatty acid oxidation and endocardial-mesenchymal transformation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20094. [PMID: 33208886 PMCID: PMC7674462 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77199-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) is one of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensors. PERK loss-of-function mutations are known to cause Wolcott–Rallison syndrome. This disease is characterized by early-onset diabetes mellitus, skeletal dysplasia, and cardiac valve malformation. To understand the role of PERK in valve formation in vivo, we used an endothelial-specific PERK conditional knockout mice as well as in vitro PERK inhibition assays. We used ProteoStat dyes to visualize the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endocardial cushion and valve mesenchymal cells (VMCs). Then, VMCs were isolated from E12.5 fetal mice, by fluorescence assisted cell sorting. Proteomic analysis of PERK-deleted VMCs identified the suppression of proteins related to fatty acid oxidation (FAO), especially carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT2). CPT2 is a critical regulator of endocardial-mesenchymal transformation (EndoMT); however how TGF-β downstream signaling controls CPT2 expression remains unclear. Here, we showed that PERK inhibition suppressed, not only EndoMT but also CPT2 protein expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under TGF-β1 stimulation. As a result, PERK inhibition suppressed mitochondrial metabolic activity. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PERK signaling is required for cardiac valve formation via FAO and EndoMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shimizu
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan. .,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Maruyama
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Urade
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
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Osawa T, Shimamura T, Saito K, Hasegawa Y, Ishii N, Nishida M, Ando R, Kondo A, Anwar M, Tsuchida R, Hino S, Sakamoto A, Igarashi K, Saitoh K, Kato K, Endo K, Yamano S, Kanki Y, Matsumura Y, Minami T, Tanaka T, Anai M, Wada Y, Wanibuchi H, Hayashi M, Hamada A, Yoshida M, Yachida S, Nakao M, Sakai J, Aburatani H, Shibuya M, Hanada K, Miyano S, Soga T, Kodama T. Phosphoethanolamine Accumulation Protects Cancer Cells under Glutamine Starvation through Downregulation of PCYT2. Cell Rep 2020; 29:89-103.e7. [PMID: 31577958 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tolerance to severe tumor microenvironments, including hypoxia and nutrient starvation, is a common feature of aggressive cancer cells and can be targeted. However, metabolic alterations that support cancer cells upon nutrient starvation are not well understood. Here, by comprehensive metabolome analyses, we show that glutamine deprivation leads to phosphoethanolamine (PEtn) accumulation in cancer cells via the downregulation of PEtn cytidylyltransferase (PCYT2), a rate-limiting enzyme of phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis. PEtn accumulation correlated with tumor growth under nutrient starvation. PCYT2 suppression was partially mediated by downregulation of the transcription factor ELF3. Furthermore, PCYT2 overexpression reduced PEtn levels and tumor growth. In addition, PEtn accumulation and PCYT2 downregulation in human breast tumors correlated with poor prognosis. Thus, we show that glutamine deprivation leads to tumor progression by regulating PE biosynthesis via the ELF3-PCYT2 axis. Furthermore, manipulating glutamine-responsive genes could be a therapeutic approach to limit cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Osawa
- Division of Integrative Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Department of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Saito
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yoko Hasegawa
- Division of Integrative Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Naoko Ishii
- Division of Integrative Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Miyuki Nishida
- Division of Integrative Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Ando
- Division of Integrative Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Ayano Kondo
- Division of Genome Science, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Muyassar Anwar
- Division of Genome Science, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Rika Tsuchida
- Division of Integrative Nutriomics and Oncology, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Hino
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Akihisa Sakamoto
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Kaori Igarashi
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka 997-0052, Japan
| | - Kaori Saitoh
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka 997-0052, Japan
| | - Keiko Kato
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka 997-0052, Japan
| | - Keiko Endo
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka 997-0052, Japan
| | - Shotaro Yamano
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Kanki
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matsumura
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Takashi Minami
- Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, IRDA, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Toshiya Tanaka
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Motonobu Anai
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Hideki Wanibuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Hayashi
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Translational Research, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akinobu Hamada
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yachida
- Department of Cancer Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Nakao
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Juro Sakai
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Division of Genome Science, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Masabumi Shibuya
- Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, 634-1 Toyazuka-machi, Isesaki, Gunma 372-8588, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hanada
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka 997-0052, Japan.
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.
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Shimizu T, Taguchi A, Higashijima Y, Takubo N, Kanki Y, Urade Y, Wada Y. PERK-Mediated Suppression of microRNAs by Sildenafil Improves Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Heart Failure. iScience 2020; 23:101410. [PMID: 32768667 PMCID: PMC7378464 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative/nitrosative stress is a major trigger of cardiac dysfunction, involving the unfolded protein response and mitochondrial dysfunction. Activation of nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate-protein kinase G signaling by sildenafil improves cardiac mal-remodeling during pressure-overload-induced heart failure. Transcriptome analysis was conducted in failing hearts with or without sildenafil treatment. Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase (PERK) downstream signaling pathways, EIF2 and NRF2, were significantly altered. Although EIF2 signaling was suppressed, NRF2 signaling was upregulated, inhibiting the maturation of miR 24-3p through EGFR-mediated Ago2 phosphorylation. To study the effect of sildenafil on these pathways, we generated cardiac-specific PERK knockout mice. In these mice, sildenafil could not inhibit the maturations, the nuclear translocation of NRF2 was suppressed, and mitochondrial dysfunction advanced. Altogether, these results show that PERK-mediated suppression of miRNAs by sildenafil is vital for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis through NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shimizu
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Akashi Taguchi
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Higashijima
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; Department of Bioinformational Pharmacology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; Department of Proteomics, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Naoko Takubo
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Kanki
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Urade
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
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Uni R, Inoue T, Nakamura Y, Fukaya D, Hasegawa S, Wu CH, Fujii R, Surattichaiyakul B, Peerapanyasut W, Ozeki A, Akimitsu N, Wada Y, Nangaku M, Inagi R. Vagus nerve stimulation even after injury ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephropathy via reducing macrophage infiltration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9472. [PMID: 32528023 PMCID: PMC7290038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66295-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of prior activation of an anti-inflammatory pathway called the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) through vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been reported in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury models. However, there have been no reports that have demonstrated the effectiveness of VNS after injury. We investigated the renoprotective effect of VNS in a cisplatin-induced nephropathy model. C57BL/6 mice were injected with cisplatin, and VNS was conducted 24 hours later. Kidney function, histology, and a kidney injury marker (Kim-1) were evaluated 72 hours after cisplatin administration. To further explore the role of the spleen and splenic macrophages, key players in the CAP, splenectomy, and adoptive transfer of macrophages treated with the selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist GTS-21 were conducted. VNS treatment significantly suppressed cisplatin-induced kidney injury. This effect was abolished by splenectomy, while adoptive transfer of GTS-21-treated macrophages improved renal outcomes. VNS also reduced the expression of cytokines and chemokines, including CCL2, which is a potent chemokine attracting monocytes/macrophages, accompanied by a decline in the number of infiltrating macrophages. Taken together, stimulation of the CAP protected the kidney even after injury in a cisplatin-induced nephropathy model. Considering the feasibility and anti-inflammatory effects of VNS, the findings suggest that VNS may be a promising therapeutic tool for acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Uni
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate, School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Division of CKD, Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Division of CKD, Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Yasuna Nakamura
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate, School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Daichi Fukaya
- Division of CKD, Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Sho Hasegawa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate, School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Division of CKD, Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Chia-Hsien Wu
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate, School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Rie Fujii
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate, School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Division of CKD, Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Bongkod Surattichaiyakul
- Division of CKD, Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | | | - Atsuko Ozeki
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Akimitsu
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate, School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of CKD, Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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Wada Y, Sudo M, Kobayashi D, Kuroda T, Narita I. THU0155 SERUM MYOSTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH BODY COMPOSITIONS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Background:Altered body composition is one of common findings in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and it is estimated that up to two-thirds of patients may be affected loss of muscle mass and strength and concomitant increase in fat mass, so-called “rheumatoid cachexia”. Despite great advances in the treatment of RA such as biologics and small molecule compounds, it appears that rheumatoid cachexia persists even after joint inflammation improves. Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, is a potent negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth and its inactivation can induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy, while its overexpression or systemic administration causes muscle atrophy. It enhances proteolysis and inhibits protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, and has generated increasing interest as a potential regulator of cachexic status such as patients with cancers, cardiac failure, and HIV infections.Objectives:In this study, we investigated the possible role of myostatin for altered body compositions in patients with RA.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Ninety-six RA patients who visited Niigata University Hospital between April to June 2017, were recruited in this study. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis with a tetrapolar impedance meter (InBody S-10, InBody Japan Inc, Tokyo, Japan) in each subject. The right femoral neck bone density was measured using the dual energy X-ray absorption method (DEXA). Serum myostatin level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a commercially available kit (Quantikine ELISA GDF-8/ Myostatin Immunoassay, R&D systems, MN, USA). Patients’ laboratory findings and disease activities were also measured, and the correlations between the titer of serum myostatin and these factors were analyzed by Spearman’s correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis. A p-value of <0.05 was taken to denote statistical significance.Results:In Spearman’s correlation coefficient analysis, serum myostatin level was positively correlated with skeletal muscle mass index and FFMI, and negatively correlated with percent body fat (%BF), fat mass index (FMI), right femoral neck bone density, swollen joint counts, ESR, and DAS28(4)-ESR. In stepwise multiple regression analysis, FFMI was selected as a positive independent variable (rho=0.3620, p=0.00019) and DAS28(4)-ESR as a negative independent variable (rho=-0.2298, p=0.0154) against serum myostatin levels, respectively. In 70 female patients in this study, %BF and FMI/FFMI ratio was significantly higher in patients with low FFMI group, compared to those with normal FFMI group.Conclusion:Serum myostatin level was significantly correlated with body composition and disease activity in patients with RA. Patients with lower level of myostatin showed a trend of decreased skeletal muscle and increased body fat, suggesting serum myostatin as a possible biomarker for rheumatoid cachexia.References:[1]Elkan A-C, et al. Arthritis Res Therapy 2009; 11: R37.[2]Lemmey AB, et al. Rheumatology 2016; 55: 1736-45.[3]Rodriguez J, et al. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71: 4361-71.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Kobayashi D, Wada Y, Hasegawa E, Wakamatsu A, Nakatsue T, Sato H, Kuroda T, Narita I. FRI0440 RISK FACTORS FOR CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:The risk for opportunistic infections in patients with autoimmune diseases requiring intensive immunosuppressive therapy is high and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most common opportunistic infections. Since 2011, we have performed weekly CMV pp65 antigen testing for patients at risk of opportunistic infections owing to autoimmune diseases to ensure appropriate patient management.Objectives:To evaluate the risk factors that predict CMV infection in patients that received remission-induction therapy for autoimmune diseases.Methods:We enrolled 254 patients (93 male, 161 female) from our hospital with autoimmune disease and who received remission-induction therapy with prednisolone at a dose greater than 0.5 mg/kg/day between January 2011 and December 2018. We retrospectively analysed their clinical characteristics and laboratory data, including treatment regimens and CMV pp65 antigen test results. The presence of more than five CMV pp65 antigen-positive cells over two slides was considered a positive result. We conducted univariate and multivariate analyses to extract CMV risk factors.Results:Of the patients we evaluated, 60 suffered from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 55 from anti-nucleolar cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV), 31 from dermatomyositis (DM), 14 from interstitial pneumonia with anti-aminoacyl tRNA synthetase antibody, 14 from adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD), 14 from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 11 from mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), 10 from Takayasu’s aortitis, and 45 suffered from other autoimmune diseases. Pulse therapy with methylprednisolone (mPSL) and immunosuppressive reagents were administered to 103 (40.6 %) and 97 (38.2 %), respectively. The median follow-up period was 61.0 days, and 66 patients became CMV pp65 antigen-positive during this period (SLE, 15; DM, 14; AAV, 9; AOSD, 8; and other, 20). Univariate analysis revealed that when compared to patients testing negative for the CMV pp65 antigen patients testing positive had lower total lymphocyte count (TLC) (825 /uL vs. 1220 /uL; p < 0.01), a lower serum albumin level (2.70 g/dL vs. 3.30 g/dL; p < 0.01), a higher HbA1c level (6.3 % vs. 5.9 %; p<0.01), and were older (66.0 vs. 59.5 year old; p < 0.01). Forty-nine of the 66 patients in the positive group received mPSL pulse therapy (p < 0.01), and 38 received immunosuppressive reagents (p < 0.01). Logistic regression analyses indicated that a higher age by decade (OR; 1.46 [95%CI 1.06 - 2.00]), a lower TLC per 100/uL (OR; 0.83 [95%CI 0.73 -0.94]), a higher HbA1c level per 1% (OR; 2.37 [95%CI 1.25-4.53]), and mPSL pulse therapy (OR; 3.92 [95%CI 1.33-11.5]) were risk factors for CMV pp65 antigen positivity.Conclusion:Higher age, lower TLC, higher HbA1c, and treatment with mPSL pulse therapy were risk factors for acquiring CMV infection, as measured by the presence of the CMV pp65 antigen, in patients receiving remission-induction therapy for autoimmune diseases. Careful monitoring of these, at risk, patients is necessary.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Wada Y, Sudo M, Kobayashi D, Kuroda T, Narita I. AB0539 URINARY INFLAMMATORY CELL ANALYSIS REFLECTS THE RENAL HISTOPATHOLOGY IN ANTI-NEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODY-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)- associated vasculitides (AAVs) include microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), granulomatosis with polyangitis (GPA), and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis (EGPA). These small-vessel vasculitides are characterized by necrotizing inflammation of the vessel wall, particularly affecting small arteries, arterioles, and capillaries in systemic organs, and the kidney is one of the most frequently involved organs. Although kidney biopsy is necessary for deciding the therapeutic protocol, it is invasive and is sometimes hard to perform biopsy because of patient’s severe general condition. We have already reported that T cells and macrophages appear in the urine of patients with glomerulonephritis, accompanied by active cellular infiltration such as cellular crescent formation and diffuse interstitial cell infiltration, but not in the urine of patients with glomerulonephritis without the active inflammatory lesions.Objectives:In this study, we examined the utility of urinary inflammatory cell analysis for accessing kidney histopathological findings in AAVs.Methods:This was a cross-sectional, retrospective chart study. Thirty-six AAV patients who had been referred to Niigata University Hospital between 2002 and 2018, and performed percutaneous kidney biopsy and urinary inflammatory cell analysis, were participated in this study. Thirty-two patients had MPA, and 4 had GPA. The kidney biopsy findings were classified into Berden’s classification (a method to categorize glomerular lesions into four classes) and Neumann’s classification (a method to evaluate glomerular, tubulo-interstitial, and vascular lesions by using activity indexes and chronicity indexes). Flow-cytometric analysis of urinary inflammatory cells was performed for each subject. Numbers of urinary T cells or macrophages were determined by multiplying the number of viable cells in the gated mononuclear cell region in each sample by the percentage of urinary CD3-positive or CD14-positive cells in the population, respectively. The correlations between the results of both methods and the numbers of urinary inflammatory cells were examined using Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearmann’s rank correlation coefficient. A p-value of <0.05 was taken to denote statistical significance.Results:The numbers of urinary inflammatory cells showed a trend of increase in crescentic category without statistical significance in Berden’s classification. Meanwhile, activity indexes had significant positive correlations with the number of urinary CD3-positive cells (r = 0.541, p = <0.001), CD14-positive cells (r = 0.354, p = 0.034), and total inflammatory cells (r = 0.449, p = 0.006) in Neumann’s classification.Conclusion:The numbers of urinary inflammatory cells reflect the active lesions of kidney histopathological findings, and these results indicate the usefulness of urinary inflammatory cell analysis for assessment of kidney biopsy findings in patients with AAVs.References:[1]Berden AE, et al. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Oct;21(10):1628-36. 2) Neumann I, et al. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005 Jan;20(1):96-104.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Kobayashi D, Hasegawa E, Wada Y, Ito S, Abe A, Nakazono K, Murasawa A, Narita I, Ishikawa H. SAT0147 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF IGURATIMOD AS FIRST-LINE DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUG THERAPY FOR PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Although methotrexate is the anchor drug, it took some days to check contraindications, such as interstitial pneumonia, hepatitis B virus infection, and latent tuberculosis infection. Therefore, we sometimes start rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment with other disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) in daily clinical setting. Iguratimod (IGU) is a newly developed DMARD approved in Japan in September 2012, and the efficacy of IGU for DMARD naïve patients has not been thoroughly evaluated.Objectives:The aim of this prospective single-center study was to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of IGU when used as a first-line daily DMARD for patients with RA in a clinical setting.Methods:Enrolled patients included those diagnosed with RA according to the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) classification criteria who took IGU as a first-line DMARD at Niigata Rheumatic Center between April 2016 and December 2018 (IGU group). There were no constraints regarding the addition or withdrawal of other DMARDs. Details of the patients’ background, clinical parameters, and laboratory findings were obtained, including C-reactive protein (CRP) level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), matrix metalloprotease-3 (MMP-3), rheumatoid factor (RF), Disease Activity Score for 28-joint counts based on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-4[ESR]), Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI). The efficacy of IGU was evaluated at week 24. The IGU group’s data were then compared with 64 patients who took salazosulfapyridine or bucillamine as first-line DMARD in our hospital (other DMARD group). The data were expressed as median values. Comparisons between the parameters were performed using nonparametric method.Results:Forty-three patients (15 males, 28 females) received IGU as a first-line DMARD for RA. The age was 69.0 years and the duration of disease was 2.0 months. Twenty patients received prednisolone (PSL) concomitantly at a median dose of 5.0 mg/day. At 24 weeks medications were utilized in patients as follows: IGU in 36 (83.7 %), methotrexate in 18 (41.2%), PSL in 17 (39.5%), BUC in 10 (23.2 %), and biological DMARD in 7 (15.2 %) patients. Although 7 patients discontinued taking IGU due to liver enzyme elevation (n=4), nausea (n=1), creatinine elevation (n=1), and skin rash (n=1) during the 24-week period, serious adverse events requiring hospitalization were not observed. Clinical parameters that improved from baseline after 24 weeks of treatment included: ESR from 42.0 mm/h to 16.0 mm/h with p < 0.001; CRP from 0.70 mg/dL to 0.10 mg/dL with p< 0.001; MMP-3 from 136 ng/mL to 91.5 ng/mL with a p value of 0.11; RF went from 18.0 IU/mL to 8.00 IU/mL with p < 0.001; DAS28(4)-ESR dropped from 5.13 to 2.73 with p< 0.001; CDAI dropped from 20.0 to 5.00 with p< 0.001, and HAQ-DI decreased from 0.55 to 0.00 with p< 0.001. Patients who achieved a good or moderate response based on EULAR response at 24 weeks, included 90.7% in the IGU group versus 70.5% in the other DMARD group (Fisher`s exact test, p=0.046). The retention rate of the IGU group was 81.4 %, roughly equivalent to the 81.2% retention rate in the other DMARD group (Log-rank test, p=0.733).Conclusion:Our study indicates IGU is safe and effective for DMARD naïve RA patients. Starting treatment with IGU might be a new and effective strategy for RA patients without previous use of a DMARD.Disclosure of Interests:Daisuke Kobayashi: None declared, Eriko Hasegawa: None declared, Yoko Wada: None declared, Satoshi Ito Speakers bureau: Abbvie,Eisai, Asami Abe: None declared, Kiyoshi Nakazono: None declared, Akira Murasawa: None declared, Ichiei Narita: None declared, Hajime Ishikawa: None declared
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Wakida H, Kawata K, Yamaji Y, Hattori E, Tsuchiya T, Wada Y, Ozaki H, Akimitsu N. Stability of RNA sequences derived from the coronavirus genome in human cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:993-999. [PMID: 32446559 PMCID: PMC7200376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Most viruses inhibit the innate immune system and/or the RNA degradation processes of host cells to construct an advantageous intracellular environment for their survival. Characteristic RNA sequences within RNA virus genomes or RNAs transcribed from DNA virus genomes contribute toward this inhibition. In this study, we developed a method called “Fate-seq” to comprehensively identify the RNA sequences derived from RNA and DNA viruses, contributing RNA stability in the cells. We examined the stabilization activity of 5,924 RNA fragments derived from 26 different viruses (16 RNA viruses and 10 DNA viruses) using next-generation sequencing of these RNAs fused 3′ downstream of GFP reporter RNA. With the Fate-seq approach, we detected multiple virus-derived RNA sequences that stabilized GFP reporter RNA, including sequences derived from severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Comparative genomic analysis revealed that these RNA sequences and their predicted secondary structures are highly conserved between SARS-CoV and the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which is responsible for the global outbreak of the coronavirus-associated disease that emerged in December 2019 (COVID-19). These sequences have the potential to enhance the stability of viral RNA genomes, thereby augmenting viral replication efficiency and virulence. RNA stability is an important regulator for viral life-cycle. Fate-seq enables measurement of stabilization activity of RNAs derived from viruses. Conserved sequences among coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2 have stabilizing activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Wakida
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kawata
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamaji
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Emi Hattori
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Doctoral program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takaho Tsuchiya
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Haruka Ozaki
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Akimitsu
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.
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Sun X, Kawata K, Miki A, Wada Y, Nagahama M, Takaya A, Akimitsu N. Exploration of Salmonella effector mutant strains on MTR4 and RRP6 degradation. Biosci Trends 2020; 14:255-262. [PMID: 32350160 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2020.03085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (Salmonella), a pathogenic bacterium, is a major cause of foodborne diseases worldwide. Salmonella injects multiple virulence factors, called effectors, into cells and causes multiple rearrangements of cellular biological reactions that are important for Salmonella proliferation and virulence. Previously, we reported that Salmonella infection causes loss of MTR4 and RRP6, which are nuclear RNA degradation factors, resulting in the stabilization and accumulation of unstable nuclear RNAs. This accumulation is important for the cellular defense for Salmonella infection. In this study, we examined a series of Salmonella mutant strains, most of which are strains with genes related to effectors translocated by T3SSs encoded on Salmonella pathogenic islands, SPI-1 and SPI-2, that have been depleted. Among 42 Salmonella mutants, 6 mutants' infections canceled loss of MTR4 and RRP6. Proliferation assay of Salmonella in the cell revealed that six mutants showed poor proliferation in the host cell, demonstrating that poor proliferation contributed to cancellation of MTR4 and RRP6 loss. This result indicates that certain events associated with Salmonella proliferation in host cells cause loss of MTR4 and RRP6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Sun
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Department, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kawata
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Miki
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Engineering Department, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Nagahama
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Takaya
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Higashijima Y, Matsui Y, Shimamura T, Nakaki R, Nagai N, Tsutsumi S, Abe Y, Link VM, Osaka M, Yoshida M, Watanabe R, Tanaka T, Taguchi A, Miura M, Ruan X, Li G, Inoue T, Nangaku M, Kimura H, Furukawa T, Aburatani H, Wada Y, Ruan Y, Glass CK, Kanki Y. Coordinated demethylation of H3K9 and H3K27 is required for rapid inflammatory responses of endothelial cells. EMBO J 2020; 39:e103949. [PMID: 32125007 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone H3 lysine-9 di-methylation (H3K9me2) and lysine-27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3) are linked to repression of gene expression, but the functions of repressive histone methylation dynamics during inflammatory responses remain enigmatic. Here, we report that lysine demethylases 7A (KDM7A) and 6A (UTX) play crucial roles in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α signaling in endothelial cells (ECs), where they are regulated by a novel TNF-α-responsive microRNA, miR-3679-5p. TNF-α rapidly induces co-occupancy of KDM7A and UTX at nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB)-associated elements in human ECs. KDM7A and UTX demethylate H3K9me2 and H3K27me3, respectively, and are both required for activation of NF-κB-dependent inflammatory genes. Chromosome conformation capture-based methods furthermore uncover increased interactions between TNF-α-induced super enhancers at NF-κB-relevant loci, coinciding with KDM7A and UTX recruitments. Simultaneous pharmacological inhibition of KDM7A and UTX significantly reduces leukocyte adhesion in mice, establishing the biological and potential translational relevance of this mechanism. Collectively, these findings suggest that rapid erasure of repressive histone marks by KDM7A and UTX is essential for NF-κB-dependent regulation of genes that control inflammatory responses of ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Higashijima
- Department of Bioinformational Pharmacology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsui
- Division of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Graduate school of medicine, Nagoya university, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Nao Nagai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsutsumi
- Division of Genome Sciences, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Abe
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Verena M Link
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Faculty of Biology, Division of Evolutionary Biology, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mizuko Osaka
- Department of Nutrition in Cardiovascular Disease, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Life Sciences and Bioethics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yoshida
- Department of Life Sciences and Bioethics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Watanabe
- Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Bioresource Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akashi Taguchi
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Miura
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaoan Ruan
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Guoliang Li
- Agricultural Bioinformatics Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Big Data, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Furukawa
- Department of Bioinformational Pharmacology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Division of Genome Sciences, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yijun Ruan
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yasuharu Kanki
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Fukunaga H, Kaburaki T, Shirahama S, Tanaka R, Murata H, Sato T, Takeuchi M, Tozawa H, Urade Y, Katsura M, Kobayashi M, Wada Y, Soga H, Kawashima H, Kohro T, Aihara M. Analysis of inflammatory mediators in the vitreous humor of eyes with pan-uveitis according to aetiological classification. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2783. [PMID: 32066796 PMCID: PMC7026072 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59666-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of uveitis is complicated because of its multiple aetiologies and elevation of various inflammatory mediators. To determine the mediators that are elevated in the vitreous humor according to the aetiology of the uveitis, we examined the concentrations of 21 inflammatory cytokines, 7 chemokines, and 5 colony-stimulating/growth factors in vitreous samples from 57 eyes with uveitis associated with intraocular lymphoma (IOL, n = 13), sarcoidosis (n = 15), acute retinal necrosis (ARN, n = 13), or bacterial endophthalmitis (BE, n = 16). Samples from eyes with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (n = 15), which is not associated with uveitis, were examined as controls. Heat map analysis demonstrated that the patterns of inflammatory mediators in the vitreous humor in eyes with uveitis were disease-specific. Pairwise comparisons between the 5 diseases showed specific elevation of interferon-α2 in ARN and interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A, and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor in BE. Pairwise comparisons between IOL, ARN, and BE revealed that levels of IL-10 in IOL, RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) in ARN, and IL-22 in BE were significantly higher than those in the other 2 types of uveitis. These mediators are likely to be involved in the immunopathology of specific types of uveitis and may be useful biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Fukunaga
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Kaburaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Amanuma, Ohmiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
| | - Shintaro Shirahama
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Rie Tanaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murata
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomohito Sato
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Masaru Takeuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hideto Tozawa
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Urade
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Mari Katsura
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Mika Kobayashi
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Soga
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Kawashima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Takahide Kohro
- Department of Medical Informatics, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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Fujioka T, Fujisawa TX, Inohara K, Okamoto Y, Matsumura Y, Tsuchiya KJ, Katayama T, Munesue T, Tomoda A, Wada Y, Kosaka H. Attenuated relationship between salivary oxytocin levels and attention to social information in adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder: a comparative study. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2020; 19:38. [PMID: 32518579 PMCID: PMC7275403 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-020-00287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research studies have assessed the relationship between attention to social information and peripheral (e.g., plasma and salivary) oxytocin (OT) levels in typically developing (TD) children and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A relationship between them was observed in TD children, but not in children with ASD. However, this relationship remains unexamined in other age groups. To clarify whether this lack of association is maintained throughout development in individuals with ASD, we aimed to assess the relationship between salivary OT levels and attention to social information in adolescents and adults with and without ASD. METHODS We recruited male adolescents and adults with ASD (n = 17) and TD participants (n = 24). Using the all-in-one eye-tracking system Gazefinder, we measured the percentage fixation time allocated to social information. We also measured the salivary OT levels and Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) of participants. Subsequently, we confirmed group differences and conducted a correlation analysis to investigate the relationships between these three measures. RESULTS Salivary OT levels did not show any significant difference between the ASD and TD groups and were negatively correlated with the AQ in the whole-group analysis, but not in within-group analysis. Individuals with ASD had significantly lower percentage fixation times than did TD individuals for eye regions in human faces with/without mouth motion, for upright biological motion, and for people regions in the people and geometry movies. The percentage of fixation for geometric shapes in the people and geometry movies was significantly higher in the ASD than in the TD group. In the TD group, salivary OT levels were positively correlated with percentage fixation times for upright biological motion and people and negatively correlated with inverted biological motion and geometry. However, no significant correlations were found in the ASD group. CONCLUSIONS Our exploratory results suggest that salivary OT levels in adolescents and adults with ASD are less indicative of attention to social stimuli than they are in TD adolescents and adults. It is suggested that their association is slightly weaker in adolescents and adults with ASD and that this attenuated relationship appears to be maintained throughout development.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fujioka
- Faculty of Education, University of Fukui, Fukui, Fukui Japan.,Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka Japan.,Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui Japan
| | - T X Fujisawa
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka Japan.,Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui Japan
| | - K Inohara
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui Japan
| | - Y Okamoto
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka Japan.,Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui Japan.,Waseda Institute for Advanced Study, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Y Matsumura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui Japan
| | - K J Tsuchiya
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka Japan.,Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Japan
| | - T Katayama
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - T Munesue
- Kaga Mental Hospital, Kaga, Ishikawa Japan
| | - A Tomoda
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka Japan.,Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui Japan
| | - Y Wada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui Japan.,Kaga Mental Hospital, Kaga, Ishikawa Japan
| | - H Kosaka
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka Japan.,Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui Japan
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Khatun H, Ihara Y, Takakura K, Wada Y, Yamanaka KI. 47 Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress during invitro maturation improves the developmental competence of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a dysfunction in protein-folding capacity of ER, is involved in many physiological responses including embryonic development. Evidence shows that the ER stress-induced unfolded protein response signaling pathway is associated with impairment of oocyte maturation and pre-implantation embryonic development; supplementation of culture medium with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress inhibitor, improved the developmental process of oocytes and embryos by attenuating ER stress. However, no reports are available on the role of TUDCA in reducing ER stress during IVM of bovine oocytes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the mechanism of TUDCA on reducing ER stress in maturation of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) and whether inhibition of ER stress during maturation can promote subsequent embryonic development. Bovine ovaries were collected from a local slaughterhouse, and after aspiration COCs were matured with/without TUDCA (50, 100, and 200 µM) for 22h at 38.5°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. After IVM, we examined the maturation rate, reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, protein/mRNA expression levels, and subsequent embryonic development after IVF. The data were analysed using analysis of variance followed by the Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test. As a result, the dose-dependent experiment shows that a 100μM concentration of TUDCA significantly increased the maturation rate and decreased the percentage of apoptotic cells in COCs and reactive oxygen species levels in denuded oocytes. Subsequently, the expression of ER stress inducible protein GRP78/BIP significantly decreased in COCs treated with 100 µM TUDCA compared with the control COCs. In addition, the mRNA expression of ER stress and pro-apoptotic markers (GRP78/BIP, PERK, IER1, ATF4, XBP1, CHOP, and BAX) in COCs were significantly decreased by TUDCA (100 µM) treatment, whereas it increased anti-apoptotic BCL2 expression. Moreover, we show that TUDCA (100 µM) supplementation enhances embryonic development by significantly increasing the blastocyst formation rate (43.6±1.8% vs. 49.7±1.3%) and decreasing the number of apoptotic cells (7.7±1.1% vs. 5.03±0.6%) in blastocysts. These findings suggest that existence of ER stress during maturation alters the developmental competence of bovine COCs. Therefore, for the first time, we demonstrate that application of TUDCA during IVM plays a crucial role in reducing ER stress and improves the meiotic maturation, oocyte quality, and subsequent embryonic development invitro.
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Ihara Y, Tatakura K, Wada Y, Kawahara H, Yamanaka K. 34 Effect of polysaccharide from Flammulina velutipes on the vitrification of bovine oocytes. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The developmental competence of oocytes after cryopreservation is compromised by the physical injury due to the ice crystallisation. Recent studies have reported that polysaccharide (xylomannan) derived from the mycelium and fruit body of the basidiomycete Flammulina velutipes inhibits the ice recrystallisation in the cryopreserved Chinese hamster ovary cells. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effect of xylomannan from Flammulina velutipes on the developmental competence of bovine vitrified oocytes. Bovine ovaries were obtained from a local abattoir, and cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were aspirated from follicles (2-6mm in diameter) using a 19-gauge needle attached to a syringe. The COCs were matured for 22h in tissue culture medium-199 supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 0.02IUmL−1 FSH, and 10μgmL−1 gentamycin. After maturation, COCs were incubated in base solution (BS: 10% FBS-tissue culture medium-199, control group; n=149) or BS supplemented with 100μgmL−1 xylomannan (xylomannan group; n=175) for 1h before vitrification. All vitrification procedures were performed at room temperature. The COCs were equilibrated in BS with 3% ethylene glycol for 12min and then in vitrification solution (BS with 30% ethylene glycol, 1.0M sucrose) for 1min. The COCs were loaded on a Cryotop (Kitazato) and transferred into liquid nitrogen. The warming procedure was performed on a warm plate (42°C). The COCs were placed into BS supplemented with 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, and 0M sucrose for 5min each. After washing with IVF100 solution (Research Institute for the Functional Peptide), COCs were applied for IVF. The viability of putative zygotes was morphologically evaluated following IVF, and ones that survived were cultured in CR1aa supplemented with 5% FBS. The cleavage pattern was evaluated at 28h after IVF as follows: embryos with blastomeres of the same size without fragmentation were classified as normal cleavage; embryos with 2 blastomeres and several small fragments, direct cleavage from the 1-cell stage to 3 or 4 blastomeres, or 2 blastomeres of different size were classified as abnormal cleavage. The rates of cleavage and blastocyst formation were calculated on 2 and 8 days after culture, respectively. Total cell number and apoptosis of blastocysts were measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling assay. All data were obtained from more than four replicates. Viability and invitro development data were analysed using the chi-squared test. Total cell number and apoptosis data were analysed by a Student's t-test. Although no significant differences in viability, cleavage pattern, and cleavage rate (85.8 vs. 80.3%, 17.2 vs. 14.8%, and 35.4 vs. 36.7%, respectively) were observed, the developmental rate to blastocysts in the xylomannan group was significantly higher than that in the control group (68.6 vs. 42.2%; P<0.01). The present results suggest that co-incubation with xylomannan before vitrification is an effective method to improve the vitrification outcome in bovine oocytes.
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Nakato R, Wada Y, Nakaki R, Nagae G, Katou Y, Tsutsumi S, Nakajima N, Fukuhara H, Iguchi A, Kohro T, Kanki Y, Saito Y, Kobayashi M, Izumi-Taguchi A, Osato N, Tatsuno K, Kamio A, Hayashi-Takanaka Y, Wada H, Ohta S, Aikawa M, Nakajima H, Nakamura M, McGee RC, Heppner KW, Kawakatsu T, Genno M, Yanase H, Kume H, Senbonmatsu T, Homma Y, Nishimura S, Mitsuyama T, Aburatani H, Kimura H, Shirahige K. Comprehensive epigenome characterization reveals diverse transcriptional regulation across human vascular endothelial cells. Epigenetics Chromatin 2019; 12:77. [PMID: 31856914 PMCID: PMC6921469 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-019-0319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial cells (ECs) make up the innermost layer throughout the entire vasculature. Their phenotypes and physiological functions are initially regulated by developmental signals and extracellular stimuli. The underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the diverse phenotypes of ECs from different organs are not well understood. Results To characterize the transcriptomic and epigenomic landscape in the vascular system, we cataloged gene expression and active histone marks in nine types of human ECs (generating 148 genome-wide datasets) and carried out a comprehensive analysis with chromatin interaction data. We developed a robust procedure for comparative epigenome analysis that circumvents variations at the level of the individual and technical noise derived from sample preparation under various conditions. Through this approach, we identified 3765 EC-specific enhancers, some of which were associated with disease-associated genetic variations. We also identified various candidate marker genes for each EC type. We found that the nine EC types can be divided into two subgroups, corresponding to those with upper-body origins and lower-body origins, based on their epigenomic landscape. Epigenomic variations were highly correlated with gene expression patterns, but also provided unique information. Most of the deferentially expressed genes and enhancers were cooperatively enriched in more than one EC type, suggesting that the distinct combinations of multiple genes play key roles in the diverse phenotypes across EC types. Notably, many homeobox genes were differentially expressed across EC types, and their expression was correlated with the relative position of each organ in the body. This reflects the developmental origins of ECs and their roles in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and wound healing. Conclusions This comprehensive analysis of epigenome characterization of EC types reveals diverse transcriptional regulation across human vascular systems. These datasets provide a valuable resource for understanding the vascular system and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichiro Nakato
- Laboratory of Computational Genomics, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED-CREST), AMED, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan
| | - Youichiro Wada
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED-CREST), AMED, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan. .,Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.
| | - Ryo Nakaki
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Genta Nagae
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED-CREST), AMED, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.,Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yuki Katou
- Laboratory of Genome Structure and Function, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsutsumi
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Natsu Nakajima
- Laboratory of Computational Genomics, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fukuhara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
| | - Takahide Kohro
- Department of Clinical Informatics, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Kanki
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED-CREST), AMED, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.,Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yutaka Saito
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED-CREST), AMED, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.,Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan.,Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Mika Kobayashi
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | | | - Naoki Osato
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED-CREST), AMED, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.,Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Kenji Tatsuno
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Asuka Kamio
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yoko Hayashi-Takanaka
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED-CREST), AMED, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hiromi Wada
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.,Brain Attack Center, Ohta Memorial Hospital, Fukuyama, 720-0825, Japan
| | - Shinzo Ohta
- Brain Attack Center, Ohta Memorial Hospital, Fukuyama, 720-0825, Japan
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- The Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology and the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakamura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | | | | | - Tatsuo Kawakatsu
- Bio-Medical Department, Kurabo Industries Ltd., Neyagawa, Osaka, 572-0823, Japan
| | - Michiru Genno
- Bio-Medical Department, Kurabo Industries Ltd., Neyagawa, Osaka, 572-0823, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yanase
- Bio-Medical Department, Kurabo Industries Ltd., Neyagawa, Osaka, 572-0823, Japan
| | - Haruki Kume
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takaaki Senbonmatsu
- Department of Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
| | - Yukio Homma
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nishimura
- Department of Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
| | - Toutai Mitsuyama
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED-CREST), AMED, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.,Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED-CREST), AMED, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.,Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED-CREST), AMED, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan. .,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan. .,Laboratory of Functional Nuclear Imaging, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiko Shirahige
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED-CREST), AMED, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan. .,Laboratory of Genome Structure and Function, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.
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Immerzeel WW, Lutz AF, Andrade M, Bahl A, Biemans H, Bolch T, Hyde S, Brumby S, Davies BJ, Elmore AC, Emmer A, Feng M, Fernández A, Haritashya U, Kargel JS, Koppes M, Kraaijenbrink PDA, Kulkarni AV, Mayewski PA, Nepal S, Pacheco P, Painter TH, Pellicciotti F, Rajaram H, Rupper S, Sinisalo A, Shrestha AB, Viviroli D, Wada Y, Xiao C, Yao T, Baillie JEM. Importance and vulnerability of the world’s water towers. Nature 2019; 577:364-369. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Satou A, Wada Y, Sibamoto Y, Yonomoto T. Study on dryout and rewetting during accidents including ATWS for the BWR at JAEA. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2019.110164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Igarashi T, Aursand M, Sacchi R, Paolillo L, Nonaka M, Wada Y, Arata Y, Bildsoe H, Falcigno L, Fauhl C, Guillou C, Halvorsen J, Honma E, Ijuuin Y, Kushida K, Martin GJ, Miyake Y, Optum OI, Oshima Y, Remaud G, Retif M, Robins R, Satake M, Shimidzu N, Tsuchiya F, Watanabe K, Watanuki C. Determination of Docosahexaenoic Acid and n-3 Fatty Acids in Refined Fish Oils by H-NMR Spectroscopy: IUPAC Interlaboratory Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/85.6.1341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A high-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method for determining the concentration (mg/g) of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the molar proportion (mol%) of DHA, and the molar proportion of total n-3 fatty acids in fish oils was validated by an IUPAC interlaboratory study (the Commission VI-6 on Oils, Fats, and Derivatives WG 3/98). Thirteen laboratories from 5 countries tested 6 pairs of blind duplicate fish oils: a refined tuna oil, 2 extracted tuna oils, an extracted bonito oil, an extracted salmon oil, and an extracted sardine oil ranging from 9 to 30 mol% DHA and from 20 to 35 mol% n-3 fatty acids. Before 1D-proton NMR measurements with 300–500 MHz instruments, oil samples were weighed and diluted with deuterochloroform solution containing ethylene glycol dimethyl ether as internal standard. To achieve precise performance, a detailed procedure for signal area measurement was described in the protocol, and all participants were instructed about the critical importance of following the protocol. Statistical performances with invalid and outlier data removed were as follows: repeatability relative standard deviations (RSDr) ranged from 0.91 to 2.62% and reproducibility relative standard deviation (RSDR) ranged from 1.73 to 4.27% for DHA concentration (mg/g); RSDr ranged from 0.39 to 2.06%, and RSDR ranged from 0.59 to 3.46% for mol% DHA; RSDr ranged from 0.23 to 0.90% and RSDR ranged from 0.85 to 2.01% for mol% total n-3 fatty acids. The method is expected to be recommended by IUPAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoji Igarashi
- Japan Marine Oil Association, 32-7 Motoyoyogi-cho, Shibuya-ku, 151-0062, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Food Research Laboratories, Tama Laboratory, 6-11-10 Nagayama, Tama-shi, 206-0025, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marit Aursand
- SINTEF, Division of Applied Chemistry, Fisheries and Aquaculture, N-7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Raffaele Sacchi
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Food Science, Parco Gussone, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Livio Paolillo
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Chemistry, via Mezzocannone 4, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Michio Nonaka
- Japan Marine Oil Association, 32-7 Motoyoyogi-cho, Shibuya-ku, 151-0062, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Wada
- Tokyo University of Fisheries, Department of Food Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, 108-8477, Tokyo, Japan
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Moriyama M, Wada Y, Minamoto T, Kondo M, Honda M, Murakawa Y. Unexpectedly lower proportion of placental transferred tocilizumab relative to whole immunoglobulin G: a case report. Scand J Rheumatol 2019; 49:165-166. [PMID: 31436129 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2019.1639821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Moriyama
- Department of Rheumatology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Y Wada
- Internal Medicine III, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - T Minamoto
- Department of Obstetrics, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - M Kondo
- Department of Rheumatology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - M Honda
- Department of Rheumatology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Y Murakawa
- Department of Rheumatology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan.,Internal Medicine III, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
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Wada Y, Enoto T, Nakazawa K, Furuta Y, Yuasa T, Nakamura Y, Morimoto T, Matsumoto T, Makishima K, Tsuchiya H. Downward Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flash Observed in a Winter Thunderstorm. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:061103. [PMID: 31491171 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.061103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
During a winter thunderstorm on 24 November 2017, a strong burst of gamma rays with energies up to ∼10 MeV was detected coincident with a lightning discharge, by scintillation detectors installed at the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station at sea level in Japan. The burst had a subsecond duration, which is suggestive of photoneutron production. The leading part of the burst was resolved into four intense gamma-ray bunches, each coincident with a low-frequency radio pulse. These bunches were separated by 0.7-1.5 ms, with a duration of ≪1 ms each. Thus, the present burst may be considered as a "downward" terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF), which is analogous to upgoing TGFs observed from space. Although the scintillation detectors were heavily saturated by these bunches, the total dose associated with them was successfully measured by ionization chambers, employed by nine monitoring posts surrounding the power plant. From this information and Monte Carlo simulations, the present downward TGF is suggested to have taken place at an altitude of 2500±500 m, involving 8_{-4}^{+8}×10^{18} avalanche electrons with energies above 1 MeV. This number is comparable to those in upgoing TGFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wada
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- High Energy Astrophysics Laboratory, Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Enoto
- High Energy Astrophysics Laboratory, Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Department of Astronomy, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - K Nakazawa
- Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Y Furuta
- Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - T Yuasa
- Block 4B, Boon Tiong Road, Singapore 165004, Singapore
| | - Y Nakamura
- Kobe City College of Technology, 8-3 Gakuen-Higashimachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2194, Japan
| | - T Morimoto
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - T Matsumoto
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Makishima
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- High Energy Astrophysics Laboratory, Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8683, Japan
| | - H Tsuchiya
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
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INOUE T, Abe C, Tanaka S, Rosin D, Inagi R, Wada Y, Nanagaku M, Okusa M. SAT-137 NON-CANONICAL CHOLINERGIC ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PATHWAY-MEDIATED ACTIVATION OF PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES INDUCES HES1 AND BLOCKS KIDNEY INJURY. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Satoh M, Kondo M, Wada Y, Itano S, Kidokoro K, Nagasu H, Sasaki T, Kashihara N. SUN-158 EFFECT OF UREMIC TOXIN-INDOXYL SULFATE ON INTESTINAL DEFENSIN EXPRESSION IN RENAL FAILURE MICE. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Kaneko K, Kawai T, Watanabe N, Wada Y, Onodera M, Murashima A. Spontaneous recovery from suppressed B cell production and proliferation caused by intrauterine azathioprine exposure in the fetal period. Lupus 2019; 28:1027-1028. [PMID: 31126211 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319851862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Kaneko
- 1 Division of Maternal Medicine, Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Kawai
- 2 Department of Immunology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Watanabe
- 3 Department of Human Genetics, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Wada
- 4 Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Onodera
- 3 Department of Human Genetics, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Murashima
- 1 Division of Maternal Medicine, Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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Wada Y, Okuyama E, Kumagai S, Sasajima M, Tozawa T, Takagi N, Anbai A, Hashimoto M. EP-1615 Impact of pretreatment imaging modality on the response to palliative radiation for bone metastases. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)32035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tsubaki S, Matsuzawa T, Fujii S, Suzuki E, Kanamori H, Hoshino T, Hosoda S, Wada Y. In situ Raman monitoring of dielectric-heating-enhanced freeze-drying under different electromagnetic wave frequencies. RSC Adv 2019; 9:9001-9005. [PMID: 35517651 PMCID: PMC9062093 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00981g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the effect of dielectric heating on the enhancement of freeze-drying by electromagnetic waves (EMWs) under different frequencies: 2.45 GHz microwaves (MWs), and 27 and 200 MHz radio frequencies (RFs). The irradiation with RFs, particularly at 27 MHz, reduced the duration of freeze-drying by 67%. We further analysed the water structure by in situ Raman spectroscopy during freeze-drying under EMWs. The phase transition from ice to water occurred soon after starting irradiation by MWs at 2.45 GHz, while the ice phase was almost maintained at an RF of 27 MHz. We studied the effect of dielectric heating on the enhancement of freeze-drying by electromagnetic waves (EMWs) under different frequencies: 2.45 GHz microwaves (MWs), and 27 and 200 MHz radio frequencies (RFs).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tsubaki
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology Ookayama 2-12-1 E4-3, Meguro Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - T Matsuzawa
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology Ookayama 2-12-1 E4-3, Meguro Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - S Fujii
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology Ookayama 2-12-1 E4-3, Meguro Tokyo 152-8550 Japan .,Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, Okinawa National College of Technology 905 Henoko, Nago-shi Okinawa 905-2192 Japan
| | - E Suzuki
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology Ookayama 2-12-1 E4-3, Meguro Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - H Kanamori
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5210 Japan
| | - T Hoshino
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5210 Japan
| | - S Hosoda
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5210 Japan
| | - Y Wada
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology Ookayama 2-12-1 E4-3, Meguro Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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