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Watson AJ, Giordano A, Suckling J, Barnes TRE, Husain N, Jones PB, Krynicki CR, Lawrie SM, Lewis S, Nikkheslat N, Pariante CM, Upthegrove R, Deakin B, Dazzan P, Joyce EM. Cognitive function in early-phase schizophrenia-spectrum disorder: IQ subtypes, brain volume and immune markers. Psychol Med 2023; 53:2842-2851. [PMID: 35177144 PMCID: PMC10244009 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721004815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that cognitive subtypes exist in schizophrenia that may reflect different neurobiological trajectories. We aimed to identify whether IQ-derived cognitive subtypes are present in early-phase schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and examine their relationship with brain structure and markers of neuroinflammation. METHOD 161 patients with recent-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorder (<5 years) were recruited. Estimated premorbid and current IQ were calculated using the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading and a 4-subtest WAIS-III. Cognitive subtypes were identified with k-means clustering. Freesurfer was used to analyse 3.0 T MRI. Blood samples were analysed for hs-CRP, IL-1RA, IL-6 and TNF-α. RESULTS Three subtypes were identified indicating preserved (PIQ), deteriorated (DIQ) and compromised (CIQ) IQ. Absolute total brain volume was significantly smaller in CIQ compared to PIQ and DIQ, and intracranial volume was smaller in CIQ than PIQ (F(2, 124) = 6.407, p = 0.002) indicative of premorbid smaller brain size in the CIQ group. CIQ had higher levels of hs-CRP than PIQ (F(2, 131) = 5.01, p = 0.008). PIQ showed differentially impaired processing speed and verbal learning compared to IQ-matched healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS The findings add validity of a neurodevelopmental subtype of schizophrenia identified by comparing estimated premorbid and current IQ and characterised by smaller premorbid brain volume and higher measures of low-grade inflammation (CRP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Watson
- The Department of Clinical and Motor Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Annalisa Giordano
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John Suckling
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Nusrat Husain
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- MAHSC, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Lancashire & South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust, Accrington, UK
| | - Peter B. Jones
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carl R. Krynicki
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephen M. Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Shôn Lewis
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- MAHSC, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Naghmeh Nikkheslat
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Lab & Perinatal Psychiatry, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carmine M. Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Lab & Perinatal Psychiatry, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel Upthegrove
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Forward thinking Birmingham, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bill Deakin
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Eileen M. Joyce
- The Department of Clinical and Motor Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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2
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Lawrie SM. Do antipsychotic drugs shrink the brain? Probably not. J Psychopharmacol 2022; 36:425-427. [PMID: 35395921 DOI: 10.1177/02698811221092252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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3
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Campbell OL, Weber AM. Monofractal analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging: An introductory review. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:2693-2706. [PMID: 35266236 PMCID: PMC9057087 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The following review will aid readers in providing an overview of scale-free dynamics and monofractal analysis, as well as its applications and potential in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neuroscience and clinical research. Like natural phenomena such as the growth of a tree or crashing ocean waves, the brain expresses scale-invariant, or fractal, patterns in neural signals that can be measured. While neural phenomena may represent both monofractal and multifractal processes and can be quantified with many different interrelated parameters, this review will focus on monofractal analysis using the Hurst exponent (H). Monofractal analysis of fMRI data is an advanced analysis technique that measures the complexity of brain signaling by quantifying its degree of scale-invariance. As such, the H value of the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal specifies how the degree of correlation in the signal may mediate brain functions. This review presents a brief overview of the theory of fMRI monofractal analysis followed by notable findings in the field. Through highlighting the advantages and challenges of the technique, the article provides insight into how to best conduct fMRI fractal analysis and properly interpret the findings with physiological relevance. Furthermore, we identify the future directions necessary for its progression towards impactful functional neuroscience discoveries and widespread clinical use. Ultimately, this presenting review aims to build a foundation of knowledge among readers to facilitate greater understanding, discussion, and use of this unique yet powerful imaging analysis technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Lauren Campbell
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexander Mark Weber
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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4
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Tognin S, Richter A, Kempton MJ, Modinos G, Antoniades M, Azis M, Allen P, Bossong MG, Perez J, Pantelis C, Nelson B, Amminger P, Riecher-Rössler A, Barrantes-Vidal N, Krebs MO, Glenthøj B, Ruhrmann S, Sachs G, Rutten BPF, de Haan L, van der Gaag M, Valmaggia LR, McGuire P. The Relationship Between Grey Matter Volume and Clinical and Functional Outcomes in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis. SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN OPEN 2022; 3:sgac040. [PMID: 35903803 PMCID: PMC9309497 DOI: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective To examine the association between baseline alterations in grey matter volume (GMV) and clinical and functional outcomes in people at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. Methods 265 CHR individuals and 92 healthy controls were recruited as part of a prospective multi-center study. After a baseline assessment using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), participants were followed for at least two years to determine clinical and functional outcomes, including transition to psychosis (according to the Comprehensive Assessment of an At Risk Mental State, CAARMS), level of functioning (according to the Global Assessment of Functioning), and symptomatic remission (according to the CAARMS). GMV was measured in selected cortical and subcortical regions of interest (ROI) based on previous studies (ie orbitofrontal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, gyrus rectus, inferior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, striatum, and hippocampus). Using voxel-based morphometry, we analysed the relationship between GMV and clinical and functional outcomes. Results Within the CHR sample, a poor functional outcome (GAF < 65) was associated with relatively lower GMV in the right striatum at baseline (P < .047 after Family Wise Error correction). There were no significant associations between baseline GMV and either subsequent remission or transition to psychosis. Conclusions In CHR individuals, lower striatal GMV was associated with a poor level of overall functioning at follow-up. This finding was not related to effects of antipsychotic or antidepressant medication. The failure to replicate previous associations between GMV and later psychosis onset, despite studying a relatively large sample, is consistent with the findings of recent large-scale multi-center studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Tognin
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s CollegeLondon, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Anja Richter
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Matthew J Kempton
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s CollegeLondon, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), UK
| | - Gemma Modinos
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Mathilde Antoniades
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Matilda Azis
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Paul Allen
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s CollegeLondon, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Matthijs G Bossong
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Jesus Perez
- CAMEO Early Intervention in Psychosis Services, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Amminger
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Neus Barrantes-Vidal
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Fundació Sanitària Sant Pere Claver (Spain), Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marie-Odile Krebs
- University of Paris, GHU-Paris, Sainte-Anne, C’JAAD, Hospitalo-Universitaire department SHU, Inserm U1266, Institut de Psychiatrie (CNRS 3557), Paris, France
| | - Birte Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephan Ruhrmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gabriele Sachs
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bart P F Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Early Psychosis Department, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark van der Gaag
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Amsterdam Public Mental Health Research Institute, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychosis Research, Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Lucia R Valmaggia
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
| | - Philip McGuire
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s CollegeLondon, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), UK
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5
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Hammill C, Lerch JP, Taylor MJ, Ameis SH, Chakravarty MM, Szatmari P, Anagnostou E, Lai MC. Quantitative and Qualitative Sex Modulations in the Brain Anatomy of Autism. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2021; 6:898-909. [PMID: 33713843 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-based neurobiological heterogeneity in autism is poorly understood. Research is disproportionately biased to males, leading to an unwarranted presumption that autism neurobiology is the same across sexes. Previous neuroimaging studies using amalgamated multicenter datasets to increase autistic female samples are characterized by large statistical noise. METHODS We used a better-powered dataset of 1183 scans of 839 individuals-299 (467 scans) autistic males, 74 (102 scans) autistic females, 240 (334 scans) control males, and 226 (280 scans) control females-to test two whole-brain models of overall/global sex modulations on autism neuroanatomy, by summary measures computed across the brain: the local magnitude model, in which the same brain regions/circuitries are involved across sexes but effect sizes are larger in females, indicating quantitative sex modulation; and spatial dissimilarity model, in which the neuroanatomy differs spatially between sexes, indicating qualitative sex modulation. The male and female autism groups were matched on age, IQ, and autism symptoms. Autism brain features were defined by comparisons with same-sex control individuals. RESULTS Across five metrics (cortical thickness, surface area, volume, mean absolute curvature, and subcortical volume), we found no evidence supporting the local magnitude model. We found indicators supporting the spatial dissimilarity model on cortical mean absolute curvature and subcortical volume, but not on other metrics. CONCLUSIONS The overall/global autism neuroanatomy in females and males does not simply differ quantitatively in the same brain regions/circuitries. They may differ qualitatively in spatial involvement in cortical curvature and subcortical volume. The neuroanatomy of autism may be partly sex specific. Sex stratification to inform autism preclinical/clinical research is needed to identify sex-informed neurodevelopmental targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason P Lerch
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Margot J Taylor
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie H Ameis
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth and Family Mental Health and Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Mallar Chakravarty
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth and Family Mental Health and Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meng-Chuan Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth and Family Mental Health and Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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6
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Leppanen J, Stone H, Lythgoe DJ, Williams S, Horvath B. Sailing in rough waters: Examining volatility of fMRI noise. Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 78:69-79. [PMID: 33588017 PMCID: PMC7992030 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background The assumption that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) noise has constant volatility has recently been challenged by studies examining heteroscedasticity arising from head motion and physiological noise. The present study builds on this work using latest methods from the field of financial mathematics to model fMRI noise volatility. Methods Multi-echo phantom and human fMRI scans were used and realised volatility was estimated. The Hurst parameter H ∈ (0, 1), which governs the roughness/irregularity of realised volatility time series, was estimated. Calibration of H was performed pathwise, using well-established neural network calibration tools. Results In all experiments the volatility calibrated to values within the rough case, H < 0.5, and on average fMRI noise was very rough with 0.03 < H < 0.05. Some edge effects were also observed, whereby H was larger near the edges of the phantoms. Discussion The findings suggest that fMRI volatility is not only non-constant, but also substantially more irregular than a standard Brownian motion. Thus, further research is needed to examine the impact such pronounced oscillations in the volatility of fMRI noise have on data analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henry Stone
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, UK
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7
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Wachinger C, Rieckmann A, Pölsterl S. Detect and correct bias in multi-site neuroimaging datasets. Med Image Anal 2020; 67:101879. [PMID: 33152602 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2020.101879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The desire to train complex machine learning algorithms and to increase the statistical power in association studies drives neuroimaging research to use ever-larger datasets. The most obvious way to increase sample size is by pooling scans from independent studies. However, simple pooling is often ill-advised as selection, measurement, and confounding biases may creep in and yield spurious correlations. In this work, we combine 35,320 magnetic resonance images of the brain from 17 studies to examine bias in neuroimaging. In the first experiment, Name That Dataset, we provide empirical evidence for the presence of bias by showing that scans can be correctly assigned to their respective dataset with 71.5% accuracy. Given such evidence, we take a closer look at confounding bias, which is often viewed as the main shortcoming in observational studies. In practice, we neither know all potential confounders nor do we have data on them. Hence, we model confounders as unknown, latent variables. Kolmogorov complexity is then used to decide whether the confounded or the causal model provides the simplest factorization of the graphical model. Finally, we present methods for dataset harmonization and study their ability to remove bias in imaging features. In particular, we propose an extension of the recently introduced ComBat algorithm to control for global variation across image features, inspired by adjusting for unknown population stratification in genetics. Our results demonstrate that harmonization can reduce dataset-specific information in image features. Further, confounding bias can be reduced and even turned into a causal relationship. However, harmonization also requires caution as it can easily remove relevant subject-specific information. Code is available at https://github.com/ai-med/Dataset-Bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wachinger
- Lab for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging (AI-Med), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, LMU München, Germany.
| | - Anna Rieckmann
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University
| | - Sebastian Pölsterl
- Lab for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging (AI-Med), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, LMU München, Germany
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8
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Čeko M, Frangos E, Gracely J, Richards E, Wang B, Schweinhardt P, Catherine Bushnell M. Default mode network changes in fibromyalgia patients are largely dependent on current clinical pain. Neuroimage 2020; 216:116877. [PMID: 32344063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Differences in fMRI resting-state connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) seen in chronic pain patients are often interpreted as brain reorganization due to the chronic pain condition. Nevertheless, patients' pain at the time of fMRI might influence the DMN because pain, like cognitive stimuli, engages attentional mechanisms and cognitive engagement is known to alter DMN activity. Here, we aimed to dissociate the influence of chronic pain condition (trait) from the influence of current pain experience (state) on DMN connectivity in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). We performed resting-state fMRI scans to test DMN connectivity in FM patients and matched healthy controls in two separate cohorts: (1) in a cohort not experiencing pain during scanning (27 FM patients and 27 controls), (2) in a cohort with current clinical pain during scanning (16 FM patients and 16 controls). In FM patients without pain during scanning, the connectivity of the DMN did not differ significantly from controls. By contrast, FM patients with current clinical pain during the scan had significantly increased DMN connectivity to bilateral anterior insula (INS) similar to previous studies. Regression analysis showed a positive relationship between DMN-midINS connectivity and current pain. We therefore suggest that transient DMN disruptions due to current clinical pain during scanning (current pain state) may be a substantial contributor to DMN connectivity disruptions observed in chronic pain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Čeko
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - Eleni Frangos
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John Gracely
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emily Richards
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Binquan Wang
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Petra Schweinhardt
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Catherine Bushnell
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Duchesne S, Dieumegarde L, Chouinard I, Farokhian F, Badhwar A, Bellec P, Tétreault P, Descoteaux M, Boré A, Houde JC, Beaulieu C, Potvin O. Structural and functional multi-platform MRI series of a single human volunteer over more than fifteen years. Sci Data 2019; 6:245. [PMID: 31672977 PMCID: PMC6823440 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present MRI data from a single human volunteer consisting in over 599 multi-contrast MR images (T1-weighted, T2-weighted, proton density, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, T2* gradient-echo, diffusion, susceptibility-weighted, arterial-spin labelled, and resting state BOLD functional connectivity imaging) acquired in over 73 sessions on 36 different scanners (13 models, three manufacturers) over the course of 15+ years (cf. Data records). Data included planned data collection acquired within the Consortium pour l'identification précoce de la maladie Alzheimer - Québec (CIMA-Q) and Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging (CCNA) studies, as well as opportunistic data collection from various protocols. These multiple within- and between-centre scans over a substantial time course of a single, cognitively healthy volunteer can be useful to answer a number of methodological questions of interest to the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Duchesne
- Department of Radiology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Institut universitaire de santé mentale de Québec, Québec, Canada.
| | - Louis Dieumegarde
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Institut universitaire de santé mentale de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Chouinard
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Institut universitaire de santé mentale de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Farnaz Farokhian
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Institut universitaire de santé mentale de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Amanpreet Badhwar
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en gériatrie de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Bellec
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en gériatrie de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pascal Tétreault
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Maxime Descoteaux
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Arnaud Boré
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en gériatrie de Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Houde
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Christian Beaulieu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Olivier Potvin
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Institut universitaire de santé mentale de Québec, Québec, Canada
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10
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Potvin O, Chouinard I, Dieumegarde L, Bartha R, Bellec P, Collins DL, Descoteaux M, Hoge R, Ramirez J, Scott CJM, Smith EE, Strother SC, Black SE, Duchesne S. The Canadian Dementia Imaging Protocol: Harmonization validity for morphometry measurements. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 24:101943. [PMID: 31351228 PMCID: PMC6661407 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The harmonized Canadian Dementia Imaging Protocol (CDIP) has been developed to suit the needs of a number of co-occurring Canadian studies collecting data on brain changes across adulthood and neurodegeneration. In this study, we verify the impact of CDIP parameters compliance on total brain volume variance using 86 scans of the same individual acquired on various scanners. Data included planned data collection acquired within the Consortium pour l'identification précoce de la maladie Alzheimer - Québec (CIMA-Q) and Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging (CCNA) studies, as well as opportunistic data collection from various protocols. For images acquired from Philips scanners, lower variance in brain volumes were observed when the stated CDIP resolution was set. For images acquired from GE scanners, lower variance in brain volumes were noticed when TE/TR values were within 5% of the CDIP protocol, compared to values farther from that criteria. Together, these results suggest that a harmonized protocol like the CDIP may help to reduce neuromorphometric measurement variability in multi-centric studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Potvin
- CERVO Research Center, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Chouinard
- CERVO Research Center, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Dieumegarde
- CERVO Research Center, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert Bartha
- Robarts Research Institute, Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Pierre Bellec
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - D Louis Collins
- McConnell Brain imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Rick Hoge
- McConnell Brain imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Joel Ramirez
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christopher J M Scott
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eric E Smith
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Stephen C Strother
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sandra E Black
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Simon Duchesne
- CERVO Research Center, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, Canada; Département de radiologie et de médecine nucléaire, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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11
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Teipel SJ, Metzger CD, Brosseron F, Buerger K, Brueggen K, Catak C, Diesing D, Dobisch L, Fliebach K, Franke C, Heneka MT, Kilimann I, Kofler B, Menne F, Peters O, Polcher A, Priller J, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Thelen M, Thyrian RJ, Wagner M, Düzel E, Jessen F, Dyrba M. Multicenter Resting State Functional Connectivity in Prodromal and Dementia Stages of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 64:801-813. [PMID: 29914027 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations of intrinsic networks from resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) have been suggested as functional biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE To determine the diagnostic accuracy of multicenter rs-fMRI for prodromal and preclinical stages of AD. METHODS We determined rs-fMRI functional connectivity based on Pearson's correlation coefficients and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation in people with subjective cognitive decline, people with mild cognitive impairment, and people with AD dementia compared with healthy controls. We used data of 247 participants of the prospective DELCODE study, a longitudinal multicenter observational study, imposing a unified fMRI acquisition protocol across sites. We determined cross-validated discrimination accuracy based on penalized logistic regression to account for multicollinearity of predictors. RESULTS Resting state functional connectivity reached significant cross-validated group discrimination only for the comparison of AD dementia cases with healthy controls, but not for the other diagnostic groups. AD dementia cases showed alterations in a large range of intrinsic resting state networks, including the default mode and salience networks, but also executive and language networks. When groups were stratified according to their CSF amyloid status that was available in a subset of cases, diagnostic accuracy was increased for amyloid positive mild cognitive impairment cases compared with amyloid negative controls, but still inferior to the accuracy of hippocampus volume. CONCLUSION Even when following a strictly harmonized data acquisition protocol and rigorous scan quality control, widely used connectivity measures of multicenter rs-fMRI do not reach levels of diagnostic accuracy sufficient for a useful biomarker in prodromal stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Teipel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - Coraline D Metzger
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Cihan Catak
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Diesing
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliebach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiana Franke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - Barbara Kofler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felix Menne
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Josef Priller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike J Spruth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuela Thelen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - René J Thyrian
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Dyrba
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
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12
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Deakin B, Suckling J, Barnes TRE, Byrne K, Chaudhry IB, Dazzan P, Drake RJ, Giordano A, Husain N, Jones PB, Joyce E, Knox E, Krynicki C, Lawrie SM, Lewis S, Lisiecka-Ford DM, Nikkheslat N, Pariante CM, Smallman R, Watson A, Williams SCR, Upthegrove R, Dunn G. The benefit of minocycline on negative symptoms of schizophrenia in patients with recent-onset psychosis (BeneMin): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Psychiatry 2018; 5:885-894. [PMID: 30322824 PMCID: PMC6206257 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(18)30345-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antibiotic minocycline has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties that could prevent or reverse progressive neuropathic changes implicated in recent-onset schizophrenia. In the BeneMin study, we aimed to replicate the benefit of minocycline on negative symptoms reported in previous pilot studies, and to understand the mechanisms involved. METHODS In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we recruited people with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder that had begun within the past 5 years with continuing positive symptoms from 12 National Health Service (NHS) trusts. Participants were randomly assigned according to an automated permuted blocks algorithm, stratified by pharmacy, to receive minocycline (200 mg per day for 2 weeks, then 300 mg per day for the remainder of the 12-month study period) or matching placebo, which were added to their continuing treatment. The primary clinical outcome was the negative symptom subscale score of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scales (PANSS) across follow-ups at months 2, 6, 9, and 12. The primary biomarker outcomes were medial prefrontal grey-matter volume, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation during a working memory task, and plasma concentration of interleukin 6. This study is registered as an International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial, number ISRCTN49141214, and the EU Clinical Trials register (EudraCT) number is 2010-022463-35I. FINDINGS Between April 16, 2013, and April 30, 2015, we recruited 207 people and randomly assigned them to receive minocycline (n=104) or placebo (n=103). Compared with placebo, the addition of minocycline had no effect on ratings of negative symptoms (treatment effect difference -0·19, 95% CI -1·23 to 0·85; p=0·73). The primary biomarker outcomes did not change over time and were not affected by minocycline. The groups did not differ in the rate of serious adverse events (n=11 in placebo group and n=18 in the minocycline group), which were mostly due to admissions for worsening psychiatric state (n=10 in the placebo group and n=15 in the minocycline group). The most common adverse events were gastrointestinal (n=12 in the placebo group, n=19 in the minocycline group), psychiatric (n=16 in placebo group, n=8 in minocycline group), nervous system (n=8 in the placebo group, n=12 in the minocycline group), and dermatological (n=10 in the placebo group, n=8 in the minocycline group). INTERPRETATION Minocycline does not benefit negative or other symptoms of schizophrenia over and above adherence to routine clinical care in first-episode psychosis. There was no evidence of a persistent progressive neuropathic or inflammatory process underpinning negative symptoms. Further trials of minocycline in early psychosis are not warranted until there is clear evidence of an inflammatory process, such as microgliosis, against which minocycline has known efficacy. FUNDING National Institute for Health Research Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation (EME) programme, an MRC and NIHR partnership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill Deakin
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; MAHSC, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Prestwich, Manchester, UK.
| | - John Suckling
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Kelly Byrne
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Tropical Clinical Trials Unit, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Imran B Chaudhry
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Lancashire Care Early Intervention Service, Accrington, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Richard J Drake
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Prestwich, Manchester, UK
| | - Annalisa Giordano
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nusrat Husain
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter B Jones
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eileen Joyce
- Sobell Department of Motor Neurosciences and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Emma Knox
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Institute for Applied Clinical Sciences, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Carl Krynicki
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Shôn Lewis
- MAHSC, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Prestwich, Manchester, UK
| | - Danuta M Lisiecka-Ford
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Naghmeh Nikkheslat
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Lab & Perinatal Psychiatry, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Lab & Perinatal Psychiatry, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Smallman
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Watson
- Sobell Department of Motor Neurosciences and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Rachel Upthegrove
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Graham Dunn
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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13
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Teipel SJ, Wohlert A, Metzger C, Grimmer T, Sorg C, Ewers M, Meisenzahl E, Klöppel S, Borchardt V, Grothe MJ, Walter M, Dyrba M. Multicenter stability of resting state fMRI in the detection of Alzheimer's disease and amnestic MCI. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 14:183-194. [PMID: 28180077 PMCID: PMC5279697 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background In monocentric studies, patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia exhibited alterations of functional cortical connectivity in resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) analyses. Multicenter studies provide access to large sample sizes, but rs-fMRI may be particularly sensitive to multiscanner effects. Methods We used data from five centers of the “German resting-state initiative for diagnostic biomarkers” (psymri.org), comprising 367 cases, including AD patients, MCI patients and healthy older controls, to assess the influence of the distributed acquisition on the group effects. We calculated accuracy of group discrimination based on whole brain functional connectivity of the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) using pooled samples as well as second-level analyses across site-specific group contrast maps. Results We found decreased functional connectivity in AD patients vs. controls, including clusters in the precuneus, inferior parietal cortex, lateral temporal cortex and medial prefrontal cortex. MCI subjects showed spatially similar, but less pronounced, differences in PCC connectivity when compared to controls. Group discrimination accuracy for AD vs. controls (MCI vs. controls) in the test data was below 76% (72%) based on the pooled analysis, and even lower based on the second level analysis stratified according to scanner. Only a subset of quality measures was useful to detect relevant scanner effects. Conclusions Multicenter rs-fMRI analysis needs to employ strict quality measures, including visual inspection of all the data, to avoid seriously confounded group effects. While pending further confirmation in biomarker stratified samples, these findings suggest that multicenter acquisition limits the use of rs-fMRI in AD and MCI diagnosis. Diagnostic accuracy of multicenter rs-fMRI in AD and MCI Quality metrics for multicenter rs-fMRI that should be used Quality metrics for multicenter rs-fMRI that should not be used Multicenter rs-fMRI will have limited diagnostic use in clinical routine diagnosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Teipel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexandra Wohlert
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Coraline Metzger
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Germany and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Timo Grimmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Sorg
- Department of Neuroradiology of Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Department of Psychiatry of Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Einsteinstr. 1, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Meisenzahl
- Department of Psychiatry, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Klöppel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section of Gerontopsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Viola Borchardt
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michel J Grothe
- DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Walter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Dyrba
- DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Rostock, Germany
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14
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Gifford G, Crossley N, Fusar-Poli P, Schnack HG, Kahn RS, Koutsouleris N, Cannon TD, McGuire P. Using neuroimaging to help predict the onset of psychosis. Neuroimage 2017; 145:209-217. [PMID: 27039698 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to assess the potential for neuroimaging measures to facilitate prediction of the onset of psychosis. Research in this field has mainly involved people at 'ultra-high risk' (UHR) of psychosis, who have a very high risk of developing a psychotic disorder within a few years of presentation to mental health services. The review details the key findings and developments in this area to date and examines the methodological and logistical challenges associated with making predictions in an individual subject in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Gifford
- Department of Psychosis Studies, The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Nicolas Crossley
- Department of Psychosis Studies, The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Department of Psychosis Studies, The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hugo G Schnack
- Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - René S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolaos Koutsouleris
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Philip McGuire
- Department of Psychosis Studies, The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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15
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McGonigle J, Murphy A, Paterson LM, Reed LJ, Nestor L, Nash J, Elliott R, Ersche KD, Flechais RSA, Newbould R, Orban C, Smith DG, Taylor EM, Waldman AD, Robbins TW, Deakin JFW, Nutt DJ, Lingford-Hughes AR, Suckling J. The ICCAM platform study: An experimental medicine platform for evaluating new drugs for relapse prevention in addiction. Part B: fMRI description. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:3-16. [PMID: 27703042 PMCID: PMC5367542 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116668592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to set up a robust multi-centre clinical fMRI and neuropsychological platform to investigate the neuropharmacology of brain processes relevant to addiction - reward, impulsivity and emotional reactivity. Here we provide an overview of the fMRI battery, carried out across three centres, characterizing neuronal response to the tasks, along with exploring inter-centre differences in healthy participants. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Three fMRI tasks were used: monetary incentive delay to probe reward sensitivity, go/no-go to probe impulsivity and an evocative images task to probe emotional reactivity. A coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis was carried out for the reward and impulsivity tasks to help establish region of interest (ROI) placement. A group of healthy participants was recruited from across three centres (total n=43) to investigate inter-centre differences. Principle observations: The pattern of response observed for each of the three tasks was consistent with previous studies using similar paradigms. At the whole brain level, significant differences were not observed between centres for any task. CONCLUSIONS In developing this platform we successfully integrated neuroimaging data from three centres, adapted validated tasks and applied whole brain and ROI approaches to explore and demonstrate their consistency across centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- John McGonigle
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Murphy
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Louise M Paterson
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Laurence J Reed
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Liam Nestor
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Nash
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Elliott
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Karen D Ersche
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Remy SA Flechais
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Csaba Orban
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dana G Smith
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleanor M Taylor
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam D Waldman
- Centre for Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - JF William Deakin
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David J Nutt
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anne R Lingford-Hughes
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK,Anne Lingford-Hughes, Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Imperial College London, Burlington Danes Building, Hammersmith Hospital campus, 160 Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - John Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Fulbourn, UK
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16
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Martinez‐Murcia FJ, Lai M, Górriz JM, Ramírez J, Young AMH, Deoni SCL, Ecker C, Lombardo MV, Baron‐Cohen S, Murphy DGM, Bullmore ET, Suckling J. On the brain structure heterogeneity of autism: Parsing out acquisition site effects with significance-weighted principal component analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 38:1208-1223. [PMID: 27774713 PMCID: PMC5324567 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have reported structural and physiological differences that could help understand the causes and development of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Many of them rely on multisite designs, with the recruitment of larger samples increasing statistical power. However, recent large-scale studies have put some findings into question, considering the results to be strongly dependent on the database used, and demonstrating the substantial heterogeneity within this clinically defined category. One major source of variance may be the acquisition of the data in multiple centres. In this work we analysed the differences found in the multisite, multi-modal neuroimaging database from the UK Medical Research Council Autism Imaging Multicentre Study (MRC AIMS) in terms of both diagnosis and acquisition sites. Since the dissimilarities between sites were higher than between diagnostic groups, we developed a technique called Significance Weighted Principal Component Analysis (SWPCA) to reduce the undesired intensity variance due to acquisition site and to increase the statistical power in detecting group differences. After eliminating site-related variance, statistically significant group differences were found, including Broca's area and the temporo-parietal junction. However, discriminative power was not sufficient to classify diagnostic groups, yielding accuracies results close to random. Our work supports recent claims that ASD is a highly heterogeneous condition that is difficult to globally characterize by neuroimaging, and therefore different (and more homogenous) subgroups should be defined to obtain a deeper understanding of ASD. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1208-1223, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Jesús Martinez‐Murcia
- Department of Signal Theory Networking and Communications, C/Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda S/NE‐18071, University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Meng‐Chuan Lai
- Child and Youth Mental Health Collaborative at The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada,Department of PsychiatryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada,Department of Psychiatry, Autism Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom,Department of PsychiatryNational Taiwan University Hospital and College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Juan Manuel Górriz
- Department of Signal Theory Networking and Communications, C/Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda S/NE‐18071, University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Javier Ramírez
- Department of Signal Theory Networking and Communications, C/Periodista Daniel Saucedo Aranda S/NE‐18071, University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Adam M. H. Young
- Department of Psychiatry, Autism Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Sean C. L. Deoni
- Advanced Baby Imaging Laboratory, School of EngineeringBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode Island
| | - Christine Ecker
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational NeurodevelopmentLondonUnited Kingdom,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Michael V. Lombardo
- Department of Psychiatry, Autism Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom,Department of Psychology and Center for Applied NeuroscienceUniversity of CyprusNicosiaCyprus
| | | | - Simon Baron‐Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, Autism Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Declan G. M. Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Sackler Institute for Translational NeurodevelopmentLondonUnited Kingdom,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Edward T. Bullmore
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeUnited Kingdom,Department of Psychiatry, Brain Mapping UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - John Suckling
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeUnited Kingdom,Department of Psychiatry, Brain Mapping UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
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17
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Biberacher V, Schmidt P, Keshavan A, Boucard CC, Righart R, Sämann P, Preibisch C, Fröbel D, Aly L, Hemmer B, Zimmer C, Henry RG, Mühlau M. Intra- and interscanner variability of magnetic resonance imaging based volumetry in multiple sclerosis. Neuroimage 2016; 142:188-197. [PMID: 27431758 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain volumetric measurements in multiple sclerosis (MS) reflect not only disease-specific processes but also other sources of variability. The latter has to be considered especially in multicenter and longitudinal studies. Here, we compare data generated by three different 3-Tesla magnetic resonance scanners (Philips Achieva; Siemens Verio; GE Signa MR750). We scanned two patients diagnosed with relapsing remitting MS six times per scanner within three weeks (T1w and FLAIR, 3D). We assessed T2-hyperintense lesions by an automated lesion segmentation tool and determined volumes of grey matter (GM), white matter (WM) and whole brain (GM+WM) from the lesion-filled T1-weighted images using voxel-based morphometry (SPM8/VBM8) and SIENAX (FSL). We measured cortical thickness using FreeSurfer from both, lesion-filled and original T1-weighted images. We quantified brain volume changes with SIENA. In both patients, we found significant differences in total lesion volume, global brain tissue volumes and cortical thickness measures between the scanners. Morphometric measures varied remarkably between repeated scans at each scanner, independent of the brain imaging software tool used. We conclude that for cross-sectional multicenter studies, the effect of different scanners has to be taken into account. For longitudinal monocentric studies, the expected effect size should exceed the size of false positive findings observed in this study. Assuming a physiological loss of brain volume of about 0.3% per year in healthy adult subjects (Good et al., 2001), which may double in MS (De Stefano et al., 2010; De Stefano et al., 2015), with current tools reliable estimation of brain atrophy in individual patients is only possible over periods of several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Biberacher
- Neurology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Paul Schmidt
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Statistics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Ludwigstr. 33, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Anisha Keshavan
- Neurology, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States
| | - Christine C Boucard
- Neurology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruthger Righart
- Neurology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Sämann
- Neuroimaging Core Unit, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Preibisch
- Neuroradiology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Fröbel
- Neuroradiology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Lilian Aly
- Neurology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Neurology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Neuroradiology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Roland G Henry
- Neurology, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States
| | - Mark Mühlau
- Neurology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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18
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Catani M, Dell'Acqua F, Budisavljevic S, Howells H, Thiebaut de Schotten M, Froudist-Walsh S, D'Anna L, Thompson A, Sandrone S, Bullmore ET, Suckling J, Baron-Cohen S, Lombardo MV, Wheelwright SJ, Chakrabarti B, Lai MC, Ruigrok ANV, Leemans A, Ecker C, Consortium MA, Craig MC, Murphy DGM. Frontal networks in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Brain 2016; 139:616-30. [PMID: 26912520 PMCID: PMC4805089 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been postulated that autism spectrum disorder is underpinned by an 'atypical connectivity' involving higher-order association brain regions. To test this hypothesis in a large cohort of adults with autism spectrum disorder we compared the white matter networks of 61 adult males with autism spectrum disorder and 61 neurotypical controls, using two complementary approaches to diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging. First, we applied tract-based spatial statistics, a 'whole brain' non-hypothesis driven method, to identify differences in white matter networks in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Following this we used a tract-specific analysis, based on tractography, to carry out a more detailed analysis of individual tracts identified by tract-based spatial statistics. Finally, within the autism spectrum disorder group, we studied the relationship between diffusion measures and autistic symptom severity. Tract-based spatial statistics revealed that autism spectrum disorder was associated with significantly reduced fractional anisotropy in regions that included frontal lobe pathways. Tractography analysis of these specific pathways showed increased mean and perpendicular diffusivity, and reduced number of streamlines in the anterior and long segments of the arcuate fasciculus, cingulum and uncinate--predominantly in the left hemisphere. Abnormalities were also evident in the anterior portions of the corpus callosum connecting left and right frontal lobes. The degree of microstructural alteration of the arcuate and uncinate fasciculi was associated with severity of symptoms in language and social reciprocity in childhood. Our results indicated that autism spectrum disorder is a developmental condition associated with abnormal connectivity of the frontal lobes. Furthermore our findings showed that male adults with autism spectrum disorder have regional differences in brain anatomy, which correlate with specific aspects of autistic symptoms. Overall these results suggest that autism spectrum disorder is a condition linked to aberrant developmental trajectories of the frontal networks that persist in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Catani
- 1 Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK 2 NatBrainLab, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | - Flavio Dell'Acqua
- 2 NatBrainLab, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | - Sanja Budisavljevic
- 1 Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | - Henrietta Howells
- 1 Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | - Michel Thiebaut de Schotten
- 1 Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | - Seán Froudist-Walsh
- 1 Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | - Lucio D'Anna
- 1 Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | - Abigail Thompson
- 1 Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | - Stefano Sandrone
- 1 Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | - Edward T Bullmore
- 3 Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust 4 Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - John Suckling
- 3 Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust 4 Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK 5 Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- 3 Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust 5 Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael V Lombardo
- 5 Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK 6 Department of Psychology and Center for Applied Neuroscience, University of Cyprus, Cyprus
| | - Sally J Wheelwright
- 5 Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Bhismadev Chakrabarti
- 5 Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK 7 Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Meng-Chuan Lai
- 5 Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK 8 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada 9 Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Amber N V Ruigrok
- 5 Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander Leemans
- 10 Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Ecker
- 1 Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
| | | | - Michael C Craig
- 1 Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK 11 National Autism Unit, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Beckenham, UK
| | - Declan G M Murphy
- 1 Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
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19
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Roca B, Mendoza MA, Roca M. Comparison of extracorporeal shock wave therapy with botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Disabil Rehabil 2016; 38:2114-21. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2015.1114036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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20
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Yang CY, Liu HM, Chen SK, Chen YF, Lee CW, Yeh LR. Reproducibility of Brain Morphometry from Short-Term Repeat Clinical MRI Examinations: A Retrospective Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146913. [PMID: 26812647 PMCID: PMC4727912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the inter session reproducibility of automatic segmented MRI-derived measures by FreeSurfer in a group of subjects with normal-appearing MR images. Materials and Methods After retrospectively reviewing a brain MRI database from our institute consisting of 14,758 adults, those subjects who had repeat scans and had no history of neurodegenerative disorders were selected for morphometry analysis using FreeSurfer. A total of 34 subjects were grouped by MRI scanner model. After automatic segmentation using FreeSurfer, label-wise comparison (involving area, thickness, and volume) was performed on all segmented results. An intraclass correlation coefficient was used to estimate the agreement between sessions. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to assess the population mean rank differences across sessions. Mean-difference analysis was used to evaluate the difference intervals across scanners. Absolute percent difference was used to estimate the reproducibility errors across the MRI models. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine the across-scanner effect. Results The agreement in segmentation results for area, volume, and thickness measurements of all segmented anatomical labels was generally higher in Signa Excite and Verio models when compared with Sonata and TrioTim models. There were significant rank differences found across sessions in some labels of different measures. Smaller difference intervals in global volume measurements were noted on images acquired by Signa Excite and Verio models. For some brain regions, significant MRI model effects were observed on certain segmentation results. Conclusions Short-term scan-rescan reliability of automatic brain MRI morphometry is feasible in the clinical setting. However, since repeatability of software performance is contingent on the reproducibility of the scanner performance, the scanner performance must be calibrated before conducting such studies or before using such software for retrospective reviewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yi Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine. Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Man Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine. Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shan-Kai Chen
- Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fang Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine. Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wei Lee
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine. Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Ren Yeh
- Department of Medical Imaging, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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21
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Lai MC, Lombardo MV, Ecker C, Chakrabarti B, Suckling J, Bullmore ET, Happé F, Murphy DGM, Baron-Cohen S. Neuroanatomy of Individual Differences in Language in Adult Males with Autism. Cereb Cortex 2015; 25:3613-28. [PMID: 25249409 PMCID: PMC4585508 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhu211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
One potential source of heterogeneity within autism spectrum conditions (ASC) is language development and ability. In 80 high-functioning male adults with ASC, we tested if variations in developmental and current structural language are associated with current neuroanatomy. Groups with and without language delay differed behaviorally in early social reciprocity, current language, but not current autistic features. Language delay was associated with larger total gray matter (GM) volume, smaller relative volume at bilateral insula, ventral basal ganglia, and right superior, middle, and polar temporal structures, and larger relative volume at pons and medulla oblongata in adulthood. Despite this heterogeneity, those with and without language delay showed significant commonality in morphometric features when contrasted with matched neurotypical individuals (n = 57). In ASC, better current language was associated with increased GM volume in bilateral temporal pole, superior temporal regions, dorsolateral fronto-parietal and cerebellar structures, and increased white matter volume in distributed frontal and insular regions. Furthermore, current language-neuroanatomy correlation patterns were similar across subgroups with or without language delay. High-functioning adult males with ASC show neuroanatomical variations associated with both developmental and current language characteristics. This underscores the importance of including both developmental and current language as specifiers for ASC, to help clarify heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chuan Lai
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 8AH, UK,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Michael V. Lombardo
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 8AH, UK,Department of Psychology and Center for Applied Neuroscience, University of Cyprus, Nicosia CY 1678, Cyprus
| | - Christine Ecker
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, PO23, Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Bhismadev Chakrabarti
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 8AH, UK,School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK
| | - John Suckling
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB21 5EF, UK
| | - Edward T. Bullmore
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK,GlaxoSmithKline, Clinical Unit Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB21 5EF, UK
| | - Francesca Happé
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, PO80, Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | | | - Declan G. M. Murphy
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, PO23, Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 8AH, UK,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB21 5EF, UK
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22
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Lisiecka DM, Suckling J, Barnes TRE, Chaudhry IB, Dazzan P, Husain N, Jones PB, Joyce EM, Lawrie SM, Upthegrove R, Deakin B. The benefit of minocycline on negative symptoms in early-phase psychosis in addition to standard care - extent and mechanism (BeneMin): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:71. [PMID: 25886254 PMCID: PMC4351843 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative symptoms of psychosis do not respond to the traditional therapy with first- or second-generation antipsychotics and are among main causes of a decrease in quality of life observed in individuals suffering from the disorder. Minocycline, a broad-spectrum tetracyclic antibiotic displaying neuroprotective properties has been suggested as a new potential therapy for negative symptoms. In the two previous clinical trials comparing minocycline and placebo, both added to the standard care, patients receiving minocycline showed increased reduction in negative symptoms. Three routes to neuroprotection by minocycline have been identified: neuroprotection against grey matter loss, anti-inflammatory action and stabilisation of glutamate receptors. However, it is not yet certain what the extent of the benefit of minocycline in psychosis is and what its mechanism is. We present a protocol for a multi-centre double-blind randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial entitled The Benefit of Minocycline on Negative Symptoms of Psychosis: Extent and Mechanism (BeneMin). METHODS After providing informed consent, 226 participants in the early phase of psychosis will be randomised to receive either 100 mg modified-release capsules of minocycline or similar capsules with placebo for 12 months in addition to standard care. The participants will be tested for outcome variables before and after the intervention period. The extent of benefit will be tested via clinical outcome measures, namely the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score, social and cognitive functioning scores, antipsychotic medication dose equivalent and level of weight gain. The mechanism of action of minocycline will be tested via blood screening for circulating cytokines and magnetic resonance imaging with three-dimensional T1-weighted rapid gradient-echo, proton density T2-weighted dual echo and T2*-weighted gradient echo planar imaging with N-back task and resting state. Eight research centres in UK and 15 National Health Service Trusts and Health Boards will be involved in recruiting participants, performing the study and analysing the data. DISCUSSION The BeneMin trial can inform as to whether in minocycline we have found a new and effective therapy against negative symptoms of psychosis. The European Union Clinical Trial Register: EudraCT 2010-022463-35 with the registration finalised in July 2011. The recruitment in the trial started in January 2013 with the first patient recruited in March 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta M Lisiecka
- Department of Psychiatry, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Mapping Unit, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK.
| | - John Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Mapping Unit, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK.
- Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Thomas R E Barnes
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK.
- West London Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
| | - Imran B Chaudhry
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Clinical and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Lancashire Care Early Intervention Service, Accrington, UK.
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK.
| | - Nusrat Husain
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Clinical and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Peter B Jones
- Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Eileen M Joyce
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Rachel Upthegrove
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- Early Intervention Service, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Bill Deakin
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Clinical and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Manchester Mental Health and Social Care Trust, Manchester, UK.
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23
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Suckling J, Henty J, Ecker C, Deoni SC, Lombardo MV, Baron‐Cohen S, Jezzard P, Barnes A, Chakrabarti B, Ooi C, Lai M, Williams SC, Murphy DG, Bullmore E. Are power calculations useful? A multicentre neuroimaging study. Hum Brain Mapp 2014; 35:3569-77. [PMID: 24644267 PMCID: PMC4282319 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There are now many reports of imaging experiments with small cohorts of typical participants that precede large-scale, often multicentre studies of psychiatric and neurological disorders. Data from these calibration experiments are sufficient to make estimates of statistical power and predictions of sample size and minimum observable effect sizes. In this technical note, we suggest how previously reported voxel-based power calculations can support decision making in the design, execution and analysis of cross-sectional multicentre imaging studies. The choice of MRI acquisition sequence, distribution of recruitment across acquisition centres, and changes to the registration method applied during data analysis are considered as examples. The consequences of modification are explored in quantitative terms by assessing the impact on sample size for a fixed effect size and detectable effect size for a fixed sample size. The calibration experiment dataset used for illustration was a precursor to the now complete Medical Research Council Autism Imaging Multicentre Study (MRC-AIMS). Validation of the voxel-based power calculations is made by comparing the predicted values from the calibration experiment with those observed in MRC-AIMS. The effect of non-linear mappings during image registration to a standard stereotactic space on the prediction is explored with reference to the amount of local deformation. In summary, power calculations offer a validated, quantitative means of making informed choices on important factors that influence the outcome of studies that consume significant resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Suckling
- Brain Mapping UnitDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Cambridge and Peterborough Foundation NHS TrustCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Julian Henty
- Brain Mapping UnitDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Christine Ecker
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental SciencesInstitute of Psychiatry, King's College LondonUK
| | - Sean C. Deoni
- Division of EngineeringBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode Island
| | - Michael V. Lombardo
- Autism Research CentreDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Simon Baron‐Cohen
- Cambridge and Peterborough Foundation NHS TrustCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Autism Research CentreDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Peter Jezzard
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Anna Barnes
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London HospitalsLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Bhismadev Chakrabarti
- Autism Research CentreDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of ReadingReadingUnited Kingdom
| | - Cinly Ooi
- Brain Mapping UnitDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Meng‐Chuan Lai
- Autism Research CentreDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Steven C. Williams
- Centre for Neuroimaging SciencesKing's College London Institute of PsychiatryLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Declan G.M. Murphy
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental SciencesInstitute of Psychiatry, King's College LondonUK
| | - Edward Bullmore
- Brain Mapping UnitDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Cambridge and Peterborough Foundation NHS TrustCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Clinical Unit Cambridge, GlaxoSmithKline Ltd., Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUnited Kingdom
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24
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Weiskopf N, Suckling J, Williams G, Correia MM, Inkster B, Tait R, Ooi C, Bullmore ET, Lutti A. Quantitative multi-parameter mapping of R1, PD(*), MT, and R2(*) at 3T: a multi-center validation. Front Neurosci 2013; 7:95. [PMID: 23772204 PMCID: PMC3677134 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-center studies using magnetic resonance imaging facilitate studying small effect sizes, global population variance and rare diseases. The reliability and sensitivity of these multi-center studies crucially depend on the comparability of the data generated at different sites and time points. The level of inter-site comparability is still controversial for conventional anatomical T1-weighted MRI data. Quantitative multi-parameter mapping (MPM) was designed to provide MR parameter measures that are comparable across sites and time points, i.e., 1 mm high-resolution maps of the longitudinal relaxation rate (R1 = 1/T1), effective proton density (PD(*)), magnetization transfer saturation (MT) and effective transverse relaxation rate (R2(*) = 1/T2(*)). MPM was validated at 3T for use in multi-center studies by scanning five volunteers at three different sites. We determined the inter-site bias, inter-site and intra-site coefficient of variation (CoV) for typical morphometric measures [i.e., gray matter (GM) probability maps used in voxel-based morphometry] and the four quantitative parameters. The inter-site bias and CoV were smaller than 3.1 and 8%, respectively, except for the inter-site CoV of R2(*) (<20%). The GM probability maps based on the MT parameter maps had a 14% higher inter-site reproducibility than maps based on conventional T1-weighted images. The low inter-site bias and variance in the parameters and derived GM probability maps confirm the high comparability of the quantitative maps across sites and time points. The reliability, short acquisition time, high resolution and the detailed insights into the brain microstructure provided by MPM makes it an efficient tool for multi-center imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Weiskopf
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College LondonLondon, UK,*Correspondence: Nikolaus Weiskopf, Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK e-mail:
| | - John Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustCambridge, UK
| | - Guy Williams
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
| | | | - Becky Inkster
- Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
| | - Roger Tait
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
| | - Cinly Ooi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
| | - Edward T. Bullmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustCambridge, UK,GlaxoSmithKline, Clinical Unit Cambridge, Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridge, UK
| | - Antoine Lutti
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College LondonLondon, UK,Laboratoire de recherche en neuroimagerie, Département des neurosciences cliniques, CHUV, University of LausanneLausanne, Switzerland
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25
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Whalley HC, Papmeyer M, Romaniuk L, Sprooten E, Johnstone EC, Hall J, Lawrie SM, Evans KL, Blumberg HP, Sussmann JE, McIntosh AM. Impact of a microRNA MIR137 susceptibility variant on brain function in people at high genetic risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 2012; 37:2720-9. [PMID: 22850735 PMCID: PMC3473338 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2012.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A recent 'mega-analysis' combining genome-wide association study data from over 40,000 individuals identified novel genetic loci associated with schizophrenia (SCZ) at genome-wide significance level. The strongest finding was a locus within an intron of a putative primary transcript for microRNA MIR137. In the current study, we examine the impact of variation at this locus (rs1625579, G/T; where T is the common and presumed risk allele) on brain activation during a sentence completion task that differentiates individuals with SCZ, bipolar disorder (BD), and their relatives from controls. We examined three groups of individuals performing a sentence completion paradigm: (i) individuals at high genetic risk of SCZ (n=44), (ii) individuals at high genetic risk of BD (n=90), and (iii) healthy controls (n=81) in order to test the hypothesis that genotype at rs1625579 would influence brain activation. Genotype groups were assigned as 'RISK-' for GT and GG individuals, and 'RISK+' for TT homozygotes. The main effect of genotype was significantly greater activation in the RISK- individuals in the posterior right medial frontal gyrus, BA 6. There was also a significant genotype(*)group interaction in the left amygdala and left pre/postcentral gyrus. This was due to differences between the controls (where individuals with the RISK- genotype showed greater activation than RISK+ subjects) and the SCZ high-risk group, where the opposite genotype effect was seen. These results suggest that the newly identified SCZ locus may influence brain activation in a manner that is partly dependent on the presence of existing genetic susceptibility for SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather C Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
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26
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Lai MC, Lombardo MV, Chakrabarti B, Ecker C, Sadek SA, Wheelwright SJ, Murphy DGM, Suckling J, Bullmore ET, Baron-Cohen S. Individual differences in brain structure underpin empathizing-systemizing cognitive styles in male adults. Neuroimage 2012; 61:1347-54. [PMID: 22446488 PMCID: PMC3381228 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual differences in cognitive style can be characterized along two dimensions: 'systemizing' (S, the drive to analyze or build 'rule-based' systems) and 'empathizing' (E, the drive to identify another's mental state and respond to this with an appropriate emotion). Discrepancies between these two dimensions in one direction (S>E) or the other (E>S) are associated with sex differences in cognition: on average more males show an S>E cognitive style, while on average more females show an E>S profile. The neurobiological basis of these different profiles remains unknown. Since individuals may be typical or atypical for their sex, it is important to move away from the study of sex differences and towards the study of differences in cognitive style. Using structural magnetic resonance imaging we examined how neuroanatomy varies as a function of the discrepancy between E and S in 88 adult males from the general population. Selecting just males allows us to study discrepant E-S profiles in a pure way, unconfounded by other factors related to sex and gender. An increasing S>E profile was associated with increased gray matter volume in cingulate and dorsal medial prefrontal areas which have been implicated in processes related to cognitive control, monitoring, error detection, and probabilistic inference. An increasing E>S profile was associated with larger hypothalamic and ventral basal ganglia regions which have been implicated in neuroendocrine control, motivation and reward. These results suggest an underlying neuroanatomical basis linked to the discrepancy between these two important dimensions of individual differences in cognitive style.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chuan Lai
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge; Douglas House, 18B, Trumpington Road, Cambridge CB2 8AH, UK.
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27
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No association of COMT (Val158Met) genotype with brain structure differences between men and women. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33964. [PMID: 22479488 PMCID: PMC3316513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism (rs4680), on brain structure in a subset (N = 82) of general population members of the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort, selected through a randomization procedure, aged 33–35. Optimised voxel-based morphometry was used to produce grey matter maps from each subject's high resolution T1 weighted brain magnetic resonance images, which were subsequently entered into a general linear model with COMT genotype as defined by Met allele loading, gender and genotype by gender interaction as independent variables. Additional analyses were carried out on grey matter volumes within the dorsal lateral pre-frontal cortex (DLPFC) to examine effects on overall DLPFC volume and also using the DLPFC as a mask for voxelwise analyses, as this is an area previously reported as associated with Met allele loading. We failed to find any statistically significant association with grey matter volume and Met allele loading in the COMT gene or interaction affects between COMT and gender in either the whole brain voxel-wise analysis or in the area of the DLPFC.
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