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Prinsloo S, Kaptchuk TJ, De Ridder D, Lyle R, Bruera E, Novy D, Barcenas CH, Cohen LG. Brain-computer interface relieves chronic chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Cancer 2024; 130:300-311. [PMID: 37733286 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) includes negative sensations that remain a major chronic problem for cancer survivors. Previous research demonstrated that neurofeedback (a closed-loop brain-computer interface [BCI]) was effective at treating CIPN versus a waitlist control (WLC). The authors' a priori hypothesis was that BCI would be superior to placebo feedback (placebo control [PLC]) and to WLC in alleviating CIPN and that changes in brain activity would predict symptom report. METHODS Randomization to one of three conditions occurred between November 2014 and November 2018. Breast cancer survivors no longer in treatment were assessed at baseline, at the end of 20 treatment sessions, and 1 month later. Auditory and visual rewards were given over 20 sessions based on each patient's ability to modify their own electroencephalographic signals. The Pain Quality Assessment Scale (PQAS) at the end of treatment was the primary outcome, and changes in electroencephalographic signals and 1-month data also were examined. RESULTS The BCI and PLC groups reported significant symptom reduction. The BCI group demonstrated larger effect size differences from the WLC group than the PLC group (mean change score: BCI vs. WLC, -2.60 vs. 0.38; 95% confidence interval, -3.67, -1.46 [p = .000; effect size, 1.07]; PLC, -2.26; 95% confidence interval, -3.33, -1.19 [p = .001 vs. WLC; effect size, 0.9]). At 1 month, symptoms continued to improve only for the BCI group. Targeted brain changes at the end of treatment predicted symptoms at 1 month for the BCI group only. CONCLUSIONS BCI is a promising treatment for CIPN and may have a longer lasting effect than placebo (nonspecific BCI), which is an important consideration for long-term symptom relief. Although scientifically interesting, the ability to separate real from placebo treatment may not be as important as understanding the placebo effects differently from effects of the intervention. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Chemotherapy-induced nerve pain (neuropathy) can be disabling for cancer survivors; however, the way symptoms are felt depends on how the brain interprets the signals from nerves in the body. We determined that the perception of neuropathy can be changed by working directly with the brain. Survivors in our trial played 20 sessions of a type of video game that was designed to change the way the brain processed sensation and movement. In this, our second trial, we again observed significant improvement in symptoms that lasted after the treatment was complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Prinsloo
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ted J Kaptchuk
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dirk De Ridder
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Eduardo Bruera
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Diane Novy
- Department of Pain Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Carlos H Barcenas
- Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lorenzo G Cohen
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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2
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Ghaderi A, Niemeier M, Crawford JD. Saccades and presaccadic stimulus repetition alter cortical network topology and dynamics: evidence from EEG and graph theoretical analysis. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:2075-2100. [PMID: 35639544 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parietal and frontal cortex are involved in saccade generation, and their output signals modify visual signals throughout cortex. Local signals associated with these interactions are well described, but their large-scale progression and network dynamics are unknown. Here, we combined source localized electroencephalography (EEG) and graph theory analysis (GTA) to understand how saccades and presaccadic visual stimuli interactively alter cortical network dynamics in humans. Twenty-one participants viewed 1-3 vertical/horizontal grids, followed by grid with the opposite orientation just before a horizontal saccade or continued fixation. EEG signals from the presaccadic interval (or equivalent fixation period) were used for analysis. Source localization-through-time revealed a rapid frontoparietal progression of presaccadic motor signals and stimulus-motor interactions, with additional band-specific modulations in several frontoparietal regions. GTA analysis revealed a saccade-specific functional network with major hubs in inferior parietal cortex (alpha) and the frontal eye fields (beta), and major saccade-repetition interactions in left prefrontal (theta) and supramarginal gyrus (gamma). This network showed enhanced segregation, integration, synchronization, and complexity (compared with fixation), whereas stimulus repetition interactions reduced synchronization and complexity. These cortical results demonstrate a widespread influence of saccades on both regional and network dynamics, likely responsible for both the motor and perceptual aspects of saccades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Ghaderi
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,Vision Science to Applications (VISTA) Program York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Matthias Niemeier
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,Vision Science to Applications (VISTA) Program York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - John Douglas Crawford
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,Vision Science to Applications (VISTA) Program York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele St,, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele St,, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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3
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Prinsloo S, Rosenthal DI, Garcia MK, Meng Z, Cohen L. Cross-Cultural Brain Activity Differences Between True and Sham Acupuncture for Xerostomia During Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354221101630. [PMID: 35603438 PMCID: PMC9125604 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221101630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A prior phase III, multicenter (United States and China), clinical trial
found true acupuncture (TA) resulted in lower xerostomia scores 12 months
after radiotherapy than that of a standard care control group. This small
pilot study examined brain function changes comparing TA to sham acupuncture
(SA) in US and Fudan patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy. Methods: To determine cerebral activity during TA versus SA acupuncture, patients
underwent electroencephalogram evaluation (EEG) immediately prior, during
and after both conditions. Acupuncture occurred during weeks 3 to 5 of
radiotherapy, with patients receiving either TA or SA, followed 2 to 3 days
later by the other treatment in a counterbalanced manner. Results: In the TA minus SA condition (N = 14 Fudan; N = 13 US), most changes were in
the delta (0.5-3.5 Hz) and alpha (8-12 Hz) bandwidths. Delta was present in
the frontal gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus. Alpha was present in the
anterior and posterior cingulate, lingual gyrus, amygdala, precuneus, medial
frontal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, and superior frontal gyrus. Maximal cortical
differences in the Fudan cohort between TA and SA were in areas previously
shown to be associated with (TA). In the US cohort, maximal differences
between TA and SA were associated with areas which are usually decreased in
TA conditions. Conclusions: There were distinct differences in brain function between those receiving TA
and SA and there were clear differences between cultures, helping to explain
the lack of placebo effect in the Fudan participants and strong placebo
effect in the US patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Prinsloo
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Mary Kay Garcia
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Meng
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lorenzo Cohen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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4
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Clemens B, Emri M, Csaba Aranyi S, Fekete I, Fekete K. Resting-state EEG theta activity reflects degree of genetic determination of the major epilepsy syndromes. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:2232-2239. [PMID: 34315064 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore relationship between EEG theta activity and clinical data that imply the degree of genetic determination of epilepsy. METHODS Clinical data of interest were epilepsy diagnosis and positive / negative family history of epilepsy. Study groups were: idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE), focal epilepsy (FE); FE of unknown etiology (FEUNK), FE of postnatal-acquired etiology (FEPA); all patients with positive / negative family history of epilepsy (FAPALL, FANALL, respectively), disregarding of the syndrome; FAP patients with 1st degree affected relative (FAP1) and those with 2nd degree epileptic relative only (FAP2). Quantitative EEG analysis assessed amount of theta (3.5-7.0 Hz) activity in 180 seconds of artifact-free waking EEG background activity for each patient and group. Group comparison was carried out by nonparametric statistics. RESULTS Differences of theta activity were: FAPALL > FANALL (p = 0.01); FAP1 > FAP2 (p = 0.2752). IGE > FE (p = 0.02); FEUNK > FEPA (p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS This was the first attempt to explore and quantitatively ascertain relationship between an EEG variable and clinical data that imply greater or lesser degree of genetic determination in epilepsy. SIGNIFICANCE Theta activity is endophenotype that bridges the gap between epilepsy susceptibility genes and clinical phenotypes. Amount of theta activity is indicative of degree of genetic determination of the epilepsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Clemens
- Kenézy Gyula University Hospital, Neurology Division, University of Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Miklós Emri
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sándor Csaba Aranyi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Fekete
- University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Hungary
| | - Klára Fekete
- University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Hungary
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5
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Koberda JL. QEEG as a Useful Tool for the Evaluation of Early Cognitive Changes in Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury. Clin EEG Neurosci 2021; 52:119-125. [PMID: 32391721 DOI: 10.1177/1550059420914816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG)-electrical neuroimaging has been underutilized in general neurology practice. Recent advances in computer technology have made this electrophysiological testing relatively inexpensive as well as precise in identifying brain areas with electrical dysfunction related to either traumatic injury or neurodegenerative process. In this article, the author presents 2 cases that can be frequently encountered in every general neurological practice: case of early dementia and traumatic brain injury. The clinical usefulness of QEEG is demonstrated by showing evidence of electrical abnormalities and networks dysfunctions (including an elevation of frontal/temporal delta and theta powers as well as abnormalities in functional connectivity). In addition, the correlation of QEEG and findings from structural imaging technique-magnetic resonance imaging diffusion tensor imaging and another functional imaging-positron emission tomography is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lucas Koberda
- Neurology, PL/Brain Enhancement Inc, TNBC, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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6
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Fingelkurts AA, Fingelkurts AA, Neves CFH. Neuro-assessment of leadership training. COACHING: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORY, RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/17521882.2019.1619796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlos F. H. Neves
- BM-Science – Brain and Mind Technologies Research Centre, Espoo, Finland
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7
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Šmotek M, Vlček P, Saifutdinova E, Kopřivová J. Objective and Subjective Characteristics of Vigilance under Different Narrow-Bandwidth Light Conditions: Do Shorter Wavelengths Have an Alertness-Enhancing Effect? Neuropsychobiology 2020; 78:238-248. [PMID: 31587007 DOI: 10.1159/000502962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of 20 min of narrow-bandwidth light exposure of different wavelengths (455, 508, and 629 nm, with irradiance of 14 µW/cm2) on various neuropsychological and neurophysiological parameters of vigilance in healthy volunteers and to provide further evidence of the behavioral (subjective sleepiness, reaction time) and electrophysiological (P300 and spectral characteristics) responses to light. The results show that the short-wavelength light condition (455 nm) was found to be most effective in terms of its alerting effect for the following variables: subjective sleepiness, latency of P300 response, and absolute EEG power in higher beta (24-34 Hz) and gamma (35-50 Hz) range at each of the 19 recording electrodes. However, no differences in current power density were observed at the level of cortical EEG sources estimated by exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography. Our results are in line with other research that shows significant alerting effects of blue (short-wavelength) light in comparison to lights of longer wavelengths. Our results confirm earlier findings that exposure to short-wavelength light during the day may enhance cognitive performance in task-specific scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Šmotek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia, .,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia,
| | - Přemysl Vlček
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Elizaveta Saifutdinova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jana Kopřivová
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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8
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Vlcek P, Bares M, Novak T, Brunovsky M. Baseline Difference in Quantitative Electroencephalography Variables Between Responders and Non-Responders to Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Depression. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:83. [PMID: 32174854 PMCID: PMC7057228 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective treatment for depressive disorder, with outcomes approaching 45-55% response and 30-40% remission. Eligible predictors of treatment outcome, however, are still lacking. Few studies have investigated quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) parameters as predictors of rTMS treatment outcome and none of them have addressed the source localization techniques to predict the response to low-frequency rTMS (LF rTMS). We investigated electrophysiological differences based on scalp EEG data and inverse solution method, exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA), between responders and non-responders to LF rTMS in resting brain activity recorded prior to the treatment. Twenty-five unmedicated depressive patients (mean age of 45.7 years, 20 females) received a 4-week treatment of LF rTMS (1 Hz; 20 sessions per 600 pulses; 100% of the motor threshold) over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Comparisons between responders (≥50% reduction in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score) and non-responders were made at baseline for measures of eLORETA current density, spectral absolute power, and inter-hemispheric and intra-hemispheric EEG asymmetry. Responders were found to have lower current source densities in the alpha-2 and beta-1 frequency bands bilaterally (with predominance on the left side) in the inferior, medial, and middle frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, cingulate gyrus, anterior cingulate, and insula. The most pronounced difference was found in the left middle frontal gyrus for alpha-2 and beta-1 bands (p < 0.05). Using a spectral absolute power analysis, we found a negative correlation between the absolute power in beta and theta frequency bands on the left frontal electrode F7 and the change in depressive symptomatology. None of the selected asymmetries significantly differentiated responders from non-responders in any frequency band. Pre-treatment reduction of alpha-2 and beta-1 sources, but not QEEG asymmetry, was found in patients with major depressive disorder who responded to LF rTMS treatment. Prospective trials with larger groups of subjects are needed to further validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premysl Vlcek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Bares
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomas Novak
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Brunovsky
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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9
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von Rotz R, Kometer M, Dornbierer D, Gertsch J, Salomé Gachet M, Vollenweider FX, Seifritz E, Bosch OG, Quednow BB. Neuronal oscillations and synchronicity associated with gamma-hydroxybutyrate during resting-state in healthy male volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1957-1968. [PMID: 28429067 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a putative neurotransmitter, a drug of abuse, an anesthetic agent, and a treatment for neuropsychiatric disorders. In previous electroencephalography (EEG) studies, GHB was shown to induce an electrophysiological pattern of "paradoxical EEG-behavioral dissociation" characterized by increased delta and theta oscillations usually associated with sleep during awake states. However, no detailed source localization of these alterations and no connectivity analyses have been performed yet. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS We tested the effects of GHB (20 and 35 mg/kg, p.o.) on current source density (CSD), lagged phase synchronization (LPS), and global omega complexity (GOC) of neuronal oscillations in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, balanced cross-over study in 19 healthy, male participants using exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA) of resting-state high-density EEG recordings. RESULTS Compared to placebo, GHB increased CSD of theta oscillations (5-7 Hz) in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and alpha1 (8-10 Hz) oscillations in the anterior cingulate cortex. Higher blood plasma values were associated with higher LPS values of delta (2-4 Hz) oscillations between the PCC and the right inferior parietal lobulus. Additionally, GHB decreased GOC of alpha1 oscillations. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that alterations in neuronal oscillations in the PCC mediate the psychotropic effects of GHB. Theta oscillations emerging from the PCC in combination with stability of functional connectivity within the default mode network might explain the GHB-related "paradoxical EEG-behavioral dissociation." Our findings related to GOC suggest a reduced number of relatively independent neuronal processes, an effect that has also been demonstrated for other anesthetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin von Rotz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Kometer
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Dornbierer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Salomé Gachet
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Franz X Vollenweider
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver G Bosch
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Boris B Quednow
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
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10
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Dai Z, de Souza J, Lim J, Ho PM, Chen Y, Li J, Thakor N, Bezerianos A, Sun Y. EEG Cortical Connectivity Analysis of Working Memory Reveals Topological Reorganization in Theta and Alpha Bands. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:237. [PMID: 28553215 PMCID: PMC5427143 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have revealed various working memory (WM)-related brain activities that originate from various cortical regions and oscillate at different frequencies. However, multi-frequency band analysis of the brain network in WM in the cortical space remains largely unexplored. In this study, we employed a graph theoretical framework to characterize the topological properties of the brain functional network in the theta and alpha frequency bands during WM tasks. Twenty-eight subjects performed visual n-back tasks at two difficulty levels, i.e., 0-back (control task) and 2-back (WM task). After preprocessing, Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were projected into the source space and 80 cortical brain regions were selected for further analysis. Subsequently, the theta- and alpha-band networks were constructed by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficients between the power series (obtained by concatenating the power values of all epochs in each session) of all pairs of brain regions. Graph theoretical approaches were then employed to estimate the topological properties of the brain networks at different WM tasks. We found higher functional integration in the theta band and lower functional segregation in the alpha band in the WM task compared with the control task. Moreover, compared to the 0-back task, altered regional centrality was revealed in the 2-back task in various brain regions that mainly resided in the frontal, temporal and occipital lobes, with distinct presentations in the theta and alpha bands. In addition, significant negative correlations were found between the reaction time with the average path length of the theta-band network and the local clustering of the alpha-band network, which demonstrates the potential for using the brain network metrics as biomarkers for predicting the task performance during WM tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiang Dai
- Centre for Life Science, Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
| | - Joshua de Souza
- Centre for Life Science, Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
| | - Julian Lim
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Centre of Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical SchoolSingapore, Singapore
| | - Paul M Ho
- Centre for Life Science, Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Chen
- Computational Intelligence Lab, School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore, Singapore
| | - Junhua Li
- Centre for Life Science, Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
| | - Nitish Thakor
- Centre for Life Science, Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
| | - Anastasios Bezerianos
- Centre for Life Science, Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Sun
- Centre for Life Science, Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
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11
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Dimitrakopoulos GN, Kakkos I, Dai Z, Lim J, deSouza JJ, Bezerianos A, Sun Y. Task-Independent Mental Workload Classification Based Upon Common Multiband EEG Cortical Connectivity. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2017; 25:1940-1949. [PMID: 28489539 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2017.2701002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Efficient classification of mental workload, an important issue in neuroscience, is limited, so far to single task, while cross-task classification remains a challenge. Furthermore, network approaches have emerged as a promising direction for studying the complex organization of the brain, enabling easier interpretation of various mental states. In this paper, using two mental tasks (N-back and mental arithmetic), we present a framework for cross- as well as within-task workload discrimination by utilizing multiband electroencephalography (EEG) cortical brain connectivity. In detail, we constructed functional networks in EEG source space in different frequency bands and considering the individual functional connections as classification features, we identified salient feature subsets based on a sequential feature selection algorithm. These connectivity subsets were able to provide accuracy of 87% for cross-task, 88% for N-back task, and 86% for mental arithmetic task. In conclusion, our method achieved to detect a small number of discriminative interactions among brain areas, leading to high accuracy in both within-task and cross-task classifications. In addition, the identified functional connectivity features, the majority of which were detected in frontal areas in theta and beta frequency bands, helped delineate the shared as well as the distinct neural mechanisms of the two mental tasks.
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12
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Prinsloo S, Novy D, Driver L, Lyle R, Ramondetta L, Eng C, McQuade J, Lopez G, Cohen L. Randomized controlled trial of neurofeedback on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A pilot study. Cancer 2017; 123:1989-1997. [PMID: 28257146 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a significant problem for cancer patients, and there are limited treatment options for this often debilitating condition. Neuromodulatory interventions could be a novel modality for patients trying to manage CIPN symptoms; however, they are not yet the standard of care. This study examined whether electroencephalogram (EEG) neurofeedback (NFB) could alleviate CIPN symptoms in survivors. METHODS This was a randomized controlled trial with survivors assigned to an NFB group or a wait-list control (WLC) group. The NFB group underwent 20 sessions of NFB, in which visual and auditory rewards were given for voluntary changes in EEGs. The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) worst-pain item was the primary outcome. The BPI, the Pain Quality Assessment Scale, and EEGs were collected before NFB and again after treatment. Outcomes were assessed with general linear modeling. RESULTS Cancer survivors with CIPN (average duration of symptoms, 25.3 mo), who were mostly female and had a mean age of 62.5 years, were recruited between April 2011 and September 2014. One hundred percent of the participants starting the NFB program completed it (30 in the NFB group and 32 in the WLC group). The NFB group demonstrated greater improvement than the controls on the BPI worst-pain item (mean change score, -2.43 [95% confidence interval, -3.58 to -1.28] vs 0.09 [95% confidence interval, -0.72 to -0.90]; P =·.001; effect size, 0.83). CONCLUSIONS NFB appears to be effective at reducing CIPN symptoms. There was evidence of neurological changes in the cortical location and in the bandwidth targeted by the intervention, and changes in EEG activity were predictive of symptom reduction. Cancer 2017;123:1989-1997. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Prinsloo
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Diane Novy
- Department of Pain Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Larry Driver
- Department of Pain Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Randall Lyle
- Department of Marriage and Family Therapy, Mount Mercy University, Cedar Rapids, Iowa
| | - Lois Ramondetta
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cathy Eng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jennifer McQuade
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gabriel Lopez
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lorenzo Cohen
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Howard CJ. Psychospiritual Resiliency: Enhancing Mental Health and Ecclesiastical Collaboration in Caring for Those Experiencing Dissociative Phenomena. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2017; 56:258-268. [PMID: 27395050 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-016-0279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Trauma can oftentimes be a catalyst for changes in an individual's religious and spiritual beliefs. Beliefs about the cause of the trauma, for instance, may include attributions of possessing spirits, and are to be found in an increasingly pluralistic and multicultural society. Such preternatural explanations may be referred to as dissociative identity disorder, possession form. Unwittingly, an overreliance on neurobiological explanations and relegation of cultural idioms of distress may diminish effective collaboration with ecclesiastical authorities. Concomitantly, ecclesiastical experts are confronted with bewildering posttrauma dissociative symptomatology, and may not be prepared as diagnosticians to rule out psychobiological explanations. In both instances, client care may be compromised. Noteworthy, the current investigation integrates the author's participant observation research at the Vatican's school of Exorcism in Rome, Italy.
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Psilocybin-induced spiritual experiences and insightfulness are associated with synchronization of neuronal oscillations. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:3663-76. [PMID: 26231498 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE During the last years, considerable progress has been made toward understanding the neuronal basis of consciousness by using sophisticated behavioral tasks, brain-imaging techniques, and various psychoactive drugs. Nevertheless, the neuronal mechanisms underlying some of the most intriguing states of consciousness, including spiritual experiences, remain unknown. OBJECTIVES To elucidate state of consciousness-related neuronal mechanisms, human subjects were given psilocybin, a naturally occurring serotonergic agonist and hallucinogen that has been used for centuries to induce spiritual experiences in religious and medical rituals. METHODS In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 50 healthy human volunteers received a moderate dose of psilocybin, while high-density electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings were taken during eyes-open and eyes-closed resting states. The current source density and the lagged phase synchronization of neuronal oscillations across distributed brain regions were computed and correlated with psilocybin-induced altered states of consciousness. RESULTS Psilocybin decreased the current source density of neuronal oscillations at 1.5-20 Hz within a neural network comprising the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices and the parahippocampal regions. Most intriguingly, the intensity levels of psilocybin-induced spiritual experience and insightfulness correlated with the lagged phase synchronization of delta oscillations (1.5-4 Hz) between the retrosplenial cortex, the parahippocampus, and the lateral orbitofrontal area. CONCLUSIONS These results provide systematic evidence for the direct association of a specific spatiotemporal neuronal mechanism with spiritual experiences and enhanced insight into life and existence. The identified mechanism may constitute a pathway for modulating mental health, as spiritual experiences can promote sustained well-being and psychological resilience.
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Thatcher RW, North DM, Biver CJ. LORETA EEG phase reset of the default mode network. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:529. [PMID: 25100976 PMCID: PMC4108033 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore phase reset of 3-dimensional current sources in Brodmann areas located in the human default mode network (DMN) using Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) of the human electroencephalogram (EEG). Methods: The EEG was recorded from 19 scalp locations from 70 healthy normal subjects ranging in age from 13 to 20 years. A time point by time point computation of LORETA current sources were computed for 14 Brodmann areas comprising the DMN in the delta frequency band. The Hilbert transform of the LORETA time series was used to compute the instantaneous phase differences between all pairs of Brodmann areas. Phase shift and lock durations were calculated based on the 1st and 2nd derivatives of the time series of phase differences. Results: Phase shift duration exhibited three discrete modes at approximately: (1) 25 ms, (2) 50 ms, and (3) 65 ms. Phase lock duration present primarily at: (1) 300–350 ms and (2) 350–450 ms. Phase shift and lock durations were inversely related and exhibited an exponential change with distance between Brodmann areas. Conclusions: The results are explained by local neural packing density of network hubs and an exponential decrease in connections with distance from a hub. The results are consistent with a discrete temporal model of brain function where anatomical hubs behave like a “shutter” that opens and closes at specific durations as nodes of a network giving rise to temporarily phase locked clusters of neurons for specific durations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Thatcher
- EEG and NeuroImaging Laboratory, Applied Neuroscience Research Institute Seminole, FL, USA
| | - Duane M North
- EEG and NeuroImaging Laboratory, Applied Neuroscience Research Institute Seminole, FL, USA
| | - Carl J Biver
- EEG and NeuroImaging Laboratory, Applied Neuroscience Research Institute Seminole, FL, USA
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Simkin DR, Thatcher RW, Lubar J. Quantitative EEG and neurofeedback in children and adolescents: anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, comorbid addiction and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and brain injury. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2014; 23:427-64. [PMID: 24975621 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This article explores the science surrounding neurofeedback. Both surface neurofeedback (using 2-4 electrodes) and newer interventions, such as real-time z-score neurofeedback (electroencephalogram [EEG] biofeedback) and low-resolution electromagnetic tomography neurofeedback, are reviewed. The limited literature on neurofeedback research in children and adolescents is discussed regarding treatment of anxiety, mood, addiction (with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder), and traumatic brain injury. Future potential applications, the use of quantitative EEG for determining which patients will be responsive to medications, the role of randomized controlled studies in neurofeedback research, and sensible clinical guidelines are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah R Simkin
- Committee on Integrative Medicine, American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Attention, Memory and Cognition Center, 4641 Gulfstarr Drive, Suite 106, Destin, FL 32541, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Emory University Medical School, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Robert W Thatcher
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, Applied Neuroscience Research Institute, 7985 113th Street, Suite 210, Seminole, FL 33772, USA
| | - Joel Lubar
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; Southeastern Neurofeedback Institute, Inc, 111 North Pompano Beach Boulevard, Suite 1214, Pompano Beach, FL 33062, USA; International Society for Neurofeedback and Research
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Thatcher RW. Latest Developments in LiveZ-Score Training: Symptom Check List, Phase Reset, and LoretaZ-Score Biofeedback. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2013.759032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Thatcher RW. Coherence, phase differences, phase shift, and phase lock in EEG/ERP analyses. Dev Neuropsychol 2012; 37:476-96. [PMID: 22889341 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2011.619241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) coherence is a mixture of phase locking interrupted by phase shifts in the spontaneous EEG. Average reference, Laplacian transforms, and independent component (ICA) reconstruction of time series can distort physiologically generated phase differences and invalidate the computation of coherence and phase differences as well as in the computation of directed coherence and phase reset. Time domain measures of phase shift and phase lock are less prone to artifact and are independent of volume conduction. Cross-frequency synchrony in the surface EEG and in Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) provides insights into dynamic functions of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Thatcher
- NeuroImaging Laboratory, Applied Neuroscience Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA.
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Canuet L, Tellado I, Couceiro V, Fraile C, Fernandez-Novoa L, Ishii R, Takeda M, Cacabelos R. Resting-state network disruption and APOE genotype in Alzheimer's disease: a lagged functional connectivity study. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46289. [PMID: 23050006 PMCID: PMC3457973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 (APOE-4) is associated with a genetic vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and with AD-related abnormalities in cortical rhythms. However, it is unclear whether APOE-4 is linked to a specific pattern of intrinsic functional disintegration of the brain after the development of the disease or during its different stages. This study aimed at identifying spatial patterns and effects of APOE genotype on resting-state oscillations and functional connectivity in patients with AD, using a physiological connectivity index called “lagged phase synchronization”. Methodology/Principal Findings Resting EEG was recorded during awake, eyes-closed state in 125 patients with AD and 60 elderly controls. Source current density and functional connectivity were determined using eLORETA. Patients with AD exhibited reduced parieto-occipital alpha oscillations compared with controls, and those carrying the APOE-4 allele had reduced alpha activity in the left inferior parietal and temporo-occipital cortex relative to noncarriers. There was a decreased alpha2 connectivity pattern in AD, involving the left temporal and bilateral parietal cortex. Several brain regions exhibited increased lagged phase synchronization in low frequencies, specifically in the theta band, across and within hemispheres, where temporal lobe connections were particularly compromised. Areas with abnormal theta connectivity correlated with cognitive scores. In patients with early AD, we found an APOE-4-related decrease in interhemispheric alpha connectivity in frontal and parieto-temporal regions. Conclusions/Significance In addition to regional cortical dysfunction, as indicated by abnormal alpha oscillations, there are patterns of functional network disruption affecting theta and alpha bands in AD that associate with the level of cognitive disturbance or with the APOE genotype. These functional patterns of nonlinear connectivity may potentially represent neurophysiological or phenotypic markers of AD, and aid in early detection of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonides Canuet
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute for CNS Disorders and Genomic Medicine, Corunna, Spain.
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