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De Caro F, Malatesta F, Pecoraro N, Capunzo M, Carpinelli L, Caruccio S, Cersosimo G, Costantino M, Giordano C, Longanella W, Patella V, Saggese Tozzi A, Savarese G, Sinopoli P, Vozzella EA, Moccia G. Anti-Herpes Zoster Vaccination of Fragile Patients in Hospital Setting: A Nudge Intervention in Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:442. [PMID: 38675824 PMCID: PMC11054726 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12040442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A nudge intervention against Herpes Zoster, created and implemented in Italy, is presented in order to administer the Shingrix vaccine on a sample of frail patients, as required by the National Prevention Plan. Individual and contextual factors associated with vaccine adherence were investigated. METHOD 300 frail adult subjects underwent a full vaccine cycle with recombinant-Shingrix vaccine (RZV vaccine). Hospital Presidia of the Salerno University Hospital Authority, a Hospital Presidium of the Salerno Local Health Authority, and the Public Health Laboratory of the University of Salerno (Campania) participated in the intervention. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered with the following scales: EQ-5D, PSS-10, MSPSS, and representations of HZ and its consequences. RESULTS Some variables, such as peer support, doctor-patient relationship, level of education, and perception of health, are important in vaccine adherence and information processing. The following factors emerged from the factor analysis: Trust in collective knowledge and collective responsibility (F1); beliefs about virus risk and vaccine function (F2); information about virus and symptomatology (F3); and vaccine distrust (F4). Factor 4 correlates negatively with social support indices (R = -0.363; p < 0.001). There is a significant relationship between factor 3 and satisfaction with national information campaigns (F = 3.376; gdl = 5; p-value = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Future vaccination campaigns should be built with the aim of personalizing information and developing contextualized strategies, starting from understanding the stakeholders involved, cultural contexts, and organizational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Caro
- Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.D.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
- Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.C.); (W.L.); (E.A.V.)
| | - Francesca Malatesta
- Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.D.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Nadia Pecoraro
- Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.D.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Mario Capunzo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
- Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.C.); (W.L.); (E.A.V.)
| | - Luna Carpinelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Simona Caruccio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Giuseppina Cersosimo
- Department of Political and Sociale Studies, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Maria Costantino
- Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.C.); (W.L.); (E.A.V.)
| | - Claudio Giordano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Walter Longanella
- Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.C.); (W.L.); (E.A.V.)
| | | | | | - Giulia Savarese
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Pio Sinopoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Emilia Anna Vozzella
- Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.C.); (W.L.); (E.A.V.)
| | - Giuseppina Moccia
- Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.D.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.)
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Castriota S, Delmastro M, Tonin M. National or local infodemic? The demand for news in Italy during COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT 2023; 23:507-536. [PMID: 37069418 PMCID: PMC10109222 DOI: 10.1007/s10754-023-09350-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Information can have an important impact on health behavior and, according to the World Health Organization, an 'infodemic' has accompanied the current pandemic. Observing TV news viewership in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic using actual consumption data, we investigate whether demand for national and local news depends on national or local epidemiological developments, as measured by the number of new positives or the number of current positives on any given day. Exploiting the fact that the impact of the pandemic displays a great deal of variation among the different regions, we find that at the regional level, demand for both national and local news responds to national epidemiological developments rather than to local ones. This has implications regarding the incentives for local politicians to take preventive action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Castriota
- Department of Political Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Serafini 3, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Delmastro
- Autorità Per Le Garanzie Nelle Comunicazioni, Via Isonzo 21/B, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Mirco Tonin
- Faculty of Economics and Management, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università, 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- FBK-IRVAPP, Trento, Italy
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Carrieri V, Guthmuller S, Wübker A. Trust and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9245. [PMID: 37286569 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35974-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This article uses novel data collected on a weekly basis covering more than 35,000 individuals in the EU to analyze the relationship between trust in various dimensions and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. We found that trust in science is negatively correlated, while trust in social media and the use of social media as the main source of information are positively associated with vaccine hesitancy. High trust in social media is found among adults aged 65+, financially distressed and unemployed individuals, and hesitancy is largely explained by conspiracy beliefs among them. Finally, we found that the temporary suspension of the AstraZeneca vaccine in March 2021 significantly increased vaccine hesitancy and especially among people with low trust in science, living in rural areas, females, and financially distressed. Our findings suggest that trust is a key determinant of vaccine hesitancy and that pro-vaccine campaigns could be successfully targeted toward groups at high risk of hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Carrieri
- Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
- RWI-Leibniz Institute for Economic Research, Essen, Germany
- IZA, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sophie Guthmuller
- RWI-Leibniz Institute for Economic Research, Essen, Germany.
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ansgar Wübker
- RWI-Leibniz Institute for Economic Research, Essen, Germany
- Hochschule Harz, Wernigerode, Germany
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Profeti S, Toth F. Climbing the 'ladder of intrusiveness': the Italian government's strategy to push the Covid-19 vaccination coverage further. POLICY SCIENCES 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37361645 PMCID: PMC10183224 DOI: 10.1007/s11077-023-09509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In all Western countries, the vaccination campaign against COVID-19 encountered some resistance. To overcome vaccine inertia and hesitancy, governments have used a variety of strategies and policy instruments. These instruments can be placed on a 'ladder of intrusiveness', starting from voluntary tools based on simple information and persuasion, through material incentives and disincentives of varying nature and magnitude, to highly coercive tools, such as lockdown for the unvaccinated and the introduction of the vaccination mandate. Italy's experience during the vaccination campaign against Covid provides an ideal observational point for starting to investigate this issue: not only was Italy among the top countries with the highest percentage of people vaccinated at the beginning of 2022, but-at least compared to other European countries-it was also one of the countries that had gradually introduced the most intrusive measures to increase vaccination compliance. In the article the different steps of the 'intrusiveness ladder' are presented, providing examples from various countries, and then tested on the Italian Covid-19 vaccination campaign between 2021 and the first months of 2022. For each phase of the campaign, the instrument mixes adopted by the Italian government are described, as well as the contextual conditions that led to their adoption. In the final section, an assessment of the composition and evolution of the Italian vaccination strategy is provided, based on the following criteria: legitimacy, feasibility, effectiveness, internal consistency and strategic coherence. Conclusions highlight the pragmatic approach adopted by the Italian government and underline the effects-both positive and negative-of scaling up the intrusiveness ladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Profeti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche e Sociali, University of Bologna, Strada Maggiore 45, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Toth
- Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche e Sociali, University of Bologna, Strada Maggiore 45, 40125 Bologna, Italy
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de Vries M, Claassen L, Lambooij MS, Timen A. Did the temporary suspension of Vaxzveria vaccinations influence COVID-19 vaccination intentions, vaccination perceptions and trust in the vaccination campaign? A repeated survey study in the Netherlands. Vaccine 2023; 41:1961-1967. [PMID: 36801084 PMCID: PMC9915047 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
In spring 2021, several countries, among which the Netherlands, suspended vaccinations against COVID-19 with the Vaxzevria vaccine from AstraZeneca after reports of rare but severe adverse events. This study investigates the influence of this suspension on the Dutch public's perceptions of COVID-19 vaccinations, trust in the government's vaccination campaign, and COVID-19 vaccination intentions. We conducted two surveys in a population of general Dutch public (18 + ), one shortly before the pause of AstraZeneca vaccinations and one shortly thereafter (N eligible for analysis = 2628). Our results suggest no changes in perceptions nor intentions regarding the COVID-19 vaccines in general but do suggest a decline in trust in the government's vaccination campaign. In addition, after the suspension, perceptions of the AstraZeneca vaccines were more negative in comparison to those of COVID-19 vaccinations in general. AstraZeneca vaccination intentions were also considerably lower. These results stress the need to adapt vaccination policies to anticipated public perceptions and responses following a vaccine safety scare, as well as the importance of informing citizens about the possibility of very rare adverse events prior to the introduction of novel vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion de Vries
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Liesbeth Claassen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Mattijs S Lambooij
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Aura Timen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands; VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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