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Imani MM, Moradi MM, Rezaei F, Mozaffari HR, Sharifi R, Safaei M, Azizi F, Basamtabar M, Sohrabi Z, Shalchi M, Sadeghi M. Association between alcohol dehydrogenase polymorphisms (rs1229984, rs1573496, rs1154460, and rs284787) and susceptibility to head and neck cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 160:105898. [PMID: 38278126 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a prevalent and complex group of malignancies with increasing incidence globally. Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) play a crucial role in alcohol metabolism, and their polymorphisms have been linked to HNC risk. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between ADH polymorphisms and susceptibility to HNCs, incorporating additional analyses and adding more studies to increase power and accuracy of the results. DESIGN Subgroup analysis, meta-regression analysis, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore potential differences within the data and assess the stability of pooled odds ratios (ORs). To mitigate the risk of false conclusions from meta-analyses, a trial sequential analysis was performed. RESULTS For ADH1B rs1229984, the pooled OR (95 % confidence interval (CI)) was 0.73 (0.65, 0.82), 0.42 (0.35, 0.50), 0.57 (0.44, 0.73), 0.56 (0.50, 0.62), and 0.80 (0.73, 0.88), as well as for ADH7 rs1573496, the pooled OR was 0.72 (0.62, 0.85), 0.36 (0.17, 0.74), 0.76 (0.64, 0.91), 0.80 (0.71, 0.91), and 0.38 (0.18, 0.78) with a p < 0.05 in all allelic, homozygous, heterozygous, recessive, and dominant models, respectively. However, no significant association was found between the ADH7 rs1154460 and rs284787 polymorphisms and the risk of HNC with pooled ORs of 1.11 (p = 0.19) and 1.09 (p = 0.24) for the recessive model, respectively. The ethnicities, tumor subsites, control sources, sample sizes, quality scores, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium statuses were confounding factors. CONCLUSION The ADH1B rs1229984 and ADH7 rs1573496 polymorphisms are significantly associated with a reduced risk of HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moslem Imani
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohamad Mehdi Moradi
- Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farzad Rezaei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mozaffari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roohollah Sharifi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Safaei
- Advanced Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Azizi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Basamtabar
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zahra Sohrabi
- Department of periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Majid Shalchi
- Orthodontic Department, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Rasht, Iran
| | - Masoud Sadeghi
- Medical Biology Research Centre, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Singh S, Singh BK, Kumar A. Multi-organ segmentation of organ-at-risk (OAR's) of head and neck site using ensemble learning technique. Radiography (Lond) 2024; 30:673-680. [PMID: 38364707 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This paper presents a novel approach to automate the segmentation of Organ-at-Risk (OAR) in Head and Neck cancer patients using Deep Learning models combined with Ensemble Learning techniques. The study aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of OAR segmentation, essential for radiotherapy treatment planning. METHODS The dataset comprised computed tomography (CT) scans of 182 patients in DICOM format, obtained from an institutional image bank. Experienced Radiation Oncologists manually segmented seven OARs for each scan. Two models, 3D U-Net and 3D DenseNet-FCN, were trained on reduced CT scans (192 × 192 x 128) due to memory limitations. Ensemble Learning techniques were employed to enhance accuracy and segmentation metrics. Testing was conducted on 78 patients from the institutional dataset and an open-source dataset (TCGA-HNSC and Head-Neck Cetuximab) consisting of 31 patient scans. RESULTS Using the Ensemble Learning technique, the average dice similarity coefficient for OARs ranged from 0.990 to 0.994, indicating high segmentation accuracy. The 95% Hausdorff distance (mm) ranged from 1.3 to 2.1, demonstrating precise segmentation boundaries. CONCLUSION The proposed automated segmentation method achieved efficient and accurate OAR segmentation, surpassing human expert performance in terms of time and accuracy. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This approach has implications for improving treatment planning and patient care in radiotherapy. By reducing manual segmentation reliance, the proposed method offers significant time savings and potential improvements in treatment planning efficiency and precision for head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Singh
- Department of Physics, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Medical Physics, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India.
| | - B K Singh
- Department of Physics, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Radiotherapy, S N. Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Tang N, Wen W, Liu Z, Xiong X, Wu Y. HELQ as a DNA helicase: Its novel role in normal cell function and tumorigenesis (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 50:220. [PMID: 37921071 PMCID: PMC10652244 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicase POLQ‑like (HELQ or Hel308), is a highly conserved, 3'‑5' superfamily II DNA helicase that contributes to diverse DNA processes, including DNA repair, unwinding, and strand annealing. HELQ deficiency leads to subfertility, due to its critical role in germ cell stability. In addition, the abnormal expression of HELQ has been observed in multiple tumors and a number of molecular pathways, including the nucleotide excision repair, checkpoint kinase 1‑DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1 and ATM/ATR pathways, have been shown to be involved in HELQ. In the present review, the structure and characteristics of HELQ, as well as its major functions in DNA processing, were described. Molecular mechanisms involving HELQ in the context of tumorigenesis were also described. It was deduced that HELQ biology warrants investigation, and that its critical roles in the regulation of various DNA processes and participation in tumorigenesis are clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Tang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510220, P.R. China
| | - Weilun Wen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510220, P.R. China
| | - Zhihe Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510220, P.R. China
| | - Xifeng Xiong
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510220, P.R. China
| | - Yanhua Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510220, P.R. China
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Genetic Predisposition to Persistent Human Papillomavirus-Infection and Virus-Induced Cancers. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102092. [PMID: 34683414 PMCID: PMC8539927 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most common sexually transmitted pathogens worldwide and among the more than 200 identified HPV types, approximately 15 high risk (HR-HPV) types are oncogenic, being strongly associated with the development of cervical cancer, anogenital cancers and an increasing fraction of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). HPV-associated cervix cancer accounts for 83% of HPV-attributable cancers, and more than two-thirds of those cases occur in developing countries. Despite the high frequency of HPV infections, in most cases, the virus is cleared by the host immune response and only a small proportion of infected individuals develop persistent infections that can result in malignant transformation, indicating that other elements, including biological, genetic and environmental factors may influence the individual susceptibility to HPV-associated cancers. Previous studies have quantified that heritability, in the form of genetic variants, common in the general population, is implicated in nearly 30% of cervical cancers and a large number of studies conducted across various populations have identified genetic variants that appear to be associated with genes that predispose or protect the host to HPV infections thereby affecting individual susceptibility to HPV-associated cancers. In this article, we provide an overview of gene association studies on HPV-associated cancers with emphasis on genome-wide association study (GWAS) that have identified novel genetic factors linked to HPV infection or HPV-associated cancers.
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Mroueh R, Tanskanen T, Haapaniemi A, Salo T, Malila N, Mäkitie A, Pitkäniemi J. Familial cancer risk in family members and spouses of patients with early-onset head and neck cancer. Head Neck 2020; 42:2524-2532. [PMID: 32472619 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reported patterns of familial aggregation of head and neck cancer (HNC) vary greatly, with many studies hampered by the limited number of subjects. METHODS Altogether 923 early-onset (≤40 years old) HNC probands, their first-degree relatives, spouses, and siblings' offspring were ascertained. Cumulative risk and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were estimated. RESULTS Of all early-onset HNC families, only 21 (2.3%) had familial HNC cancers at any age and less than five familial early onset HNC cancers among first-degree relatives. The cumulative risk of HNC for siblings by age 60 (0.52%) was at population level (0.33%). No increased familial risk of early-onset HNC could be discerned in family members (SIR 2.68, 95% CI 0.32-9.68 for first-degree relatives). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that the cumulative and relative familial risk of early-onset HNC is modest in the Finnish population and, at most, only a minor proportion of early-onset HNCs are due solely to inherited genetic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Mroueh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomas Tanskanen
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer and Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aaro Haapaniemi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Unit, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Haartman Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nea Malila
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer and Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Janne Pitkäniemi
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer and Research, Helsinki, Finland.,Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Association of ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism with the risk of cancer: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181915. [PMID: 30872408 PMCID: PMC6443950 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption has been established to be a major factor in the development and progress of cancer. Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol-metabolism genes result in differences between individuals in exposure to acetaldehyde, leading to possible carcinogenic effects. Arg47His (rs1229984 G > A) in ADH1B have been frequently studied for its potential effect on carcinogenesis. However, the findings are as yet inconclusive. To gain a more precise estimate of this potential association, we conducted a meta-analysis including 66 studies from 64 articles with 31999 cases and 50964 controls. The pooled results indicated that ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism is significantly associated with the decreased risk of overall cancer (homozygous model, odds ratio (OR) = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.49–0.77; heterozygous model, OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.60–0.84; recessive model, OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.76–0.91; dominant model, OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.53–0.72; and allele comparison, OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.75–0.89). Stratified analysis by cancer type and ethnicity showed that a decreased risk was associated with esophageal cancer and head and neck cancer amongst Asians. In conclusion, our meta-analysis suggested that ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism was significantly associated with decreased overall cancer risk. These findings need further validation in large multicenter investigations.
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Vukovic V, Stojanovic J, Vecchioni A, Pastorino R, Boccia S. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of SNPs from Genome-Wide Association Studies of Head and Neck Cancer. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018; 159:615-624. [PMID: 30126334 DOI: 10.1177/0194599818792262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective Various genome-wide association studies (GWASs) identified new head and neck cancer (HNC) susceptibility loci, although the evidence has not been systematically summarized. We performed a systematic review and meta-analyses of the GWASs to identify the most commonly reported genetic loci associated with a risk of HNC. Data Sources We searched the PubMed, ISI Web of Science, SCOPUS, and GWAS databases to retrieve eligible studies, in English or Italian, published until June 1, 2017. Review Methods Only GWASs reporting data on the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and HNC were included. The quality of included studies was evaluated using the Q-Genie tool. Random-effect meta-analyses were performed considering only SNPs with at least 1 significant result from the included articles, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results Seven studies of case-control design were included in the review. Five studies on nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) in Chinese, reporting on 27 different SNPs, were included in meta-analyses. Results show that 6 SNPs ( rs2076483, rs2975042, rs9258122, rs29232, and rs9510787) had an increased pooled estimates for A risk alleles (OR [95% CI]: 1.55 [1.36-1.77], 1.90 [1.69-2.14], 1.47 [1.31-1.65], 1.52 [1.32-1.76], and 1.22 [1.13-1.31], respectively) while G risk allele of rs3129055 reported an OR of 1.49 (95% CI, 1.33-1.67). Conclusion Our systematic review identified 5 SNPs located on chromosome 6 ( rs2076483, rs2975042, rs3129055, rs9258122, and rs29232) and 1 ( rs9510787) on chromosome 13 as significantly associated with an increased risk of NPC in Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Vukovic
- 1 Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Jovana Stojanovic
- 1 Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Vecchioni
- 1 Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Pastorino
- 1 Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Boccia
- 1 Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,2 Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Du L, Lei L, Zhao X, He H, Chen E, Dong J, Zeng Y, Yang J. The Interaction of Smoking with Gene Polymorphisms on Four Digestive Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Cancer 2018; 9:1506-1517. [PMID: 29721061 PMCID: PMC5929096 DOI: 10.7150/jca.22797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to assess the interaction between smoking and nine genes (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, CYP1A1, NAT2, SULT1A1, hOGG1, XRCC1 and p53) on colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer and oesophageal cancer. Published articles from the PubMed, ISI and EMBASE databases were retrieved. A total of 67 case-control studies or nested case-control studies were identified for the analysis. The pooled jodds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using the random effect model. The overall study showed that the GSTM1 polymorphism was associated with the risk of the four digestive cancers among Asian population (OR 1.284, 95% CI: 1.122-1.470, p: 0). Subgroup analyses by cancer site showed that GSTM1 null genotype increased the gastric cancer risk in total population (OR 1.335, 95% CI: 1.145-1.556, p: 0). However, the association of GSTM1 null genotype with the oesophageal cancer risk was found in smokers (OR 1.382, 95% CI: 1.009-1.894, p:0.044), but not in non-smokers (OR 1.250, 95% CI: 0.826-1.891, p:0.290). Moreover, smokers with the CYP1A1 IIe462Val polymorphism were at an increased cancer risk in Asian population (OR=1.585, 95% CI 1.029-2.442, p: 0.037). None of the other gene-smoking interactions was observed in the above cancers. This meta-analysis reveals two potential gene-smoking interactions, one is between smoking and GSTM1 on oesophageal cancer, and the other is between smoking and CYP1A1 IIe462Val on the four cancers in Asian population. Future studies need to be conducted to verify the conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Du
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,Institute of Preventive Genomic Medicine, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,Institute of Preventive Genomic Medicine, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,Institute of Preventive Genomic Medicine, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Hongjuan He
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,Institute of Preventive Genomic Medicine, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Erfei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,Institute of Preventive Genomic Medicine, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,Institute of Preventive Genomic Medicine, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,Institute of Preventive Genomic Medicine, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,Institute of Preventive Genomic Medicine, Xi'an 710069, China
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Helicase POLQ-like (HELQ) as a novel indicator of platinum-based chemoresistance for epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 149:341-349. [PMID: 29572031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of HELQ in chemo-resistance of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC), which is a critical factor of patients' prognosis. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, survival analysis of our 87 EOC patients and bioinformatics analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets (Nature, 2011) disclosed the clinical importance of HELQ expression. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and Western Blot analyses of EOC tissue were used to confirm it. Ectopic overexpression and RNA interference knockdown of HELQ were carried out in OVCAR3 and A2780 cell lines, respectively, to determine the effect of altered HELQ expression on cellular response to cisplatin by CCK8 assay. The DNA repair capacity of these cells was evaluated by using host-cell reactivation assay. Western Blot analyses were carried out to determine the effect of HLEQ on the DNA repair genes by using cells with altered HELQ expression. RESULTS HELQ expression associates with response of EOC patients to platinum-based chemotherapy and their overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS). HELQ overexpression or knockdown, respectively, increased and decreased the cellular resistance to cisplatin, DNA repair activity, and expression of DNA repair proteins of Nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. CONCLUSIONS HELQ plays an important role in regulating the expression of DNA repair proteins NER pathway which, in turn, contributes to cellular response to cisplatin and patients' response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Our results demonstrated that HELQ could serve as a novel indicator for chemo-resistance of EOC, which can predict the prognosis of the disease.
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Gingerich MA, Smith JD, Michmerhuizen NL, Ludwig M, Devenport S, Matovina C, Brenner C, Chinn SB. Comprehensive review of genetic factors contributing to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma development in low-risk, nontraditional patients. Head Neck 2018; 40:943-954. [PMID: 29427520 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The past 2 decades have seen an increased incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in a nontraditional, low-risk patient population (ie, ≤45 years of age, no substance use history), owing to a combination of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and individual genetic variation. METHODS Articles positing genetic variants as contributing factors in HNSCC incidence in low-risk, nontraditional patients were identified using a PubMed search, reviewed in detail, and concisely summarized herein. RESULTS Recent data suggest that common polymorphisms in DNA repair enzymes, cell-cycle control proteins, apoptotic pathway members, and Fanconi anemia-associated genes likely modulate susceptibility to HNSCC development in low-risk, nontraditional patients. CONCLUSION At present, there is a lack of robust, comprehensive data on genetic drivers of oncogenesis in low-risk patients and a clear need for further research on genetic alterations underlying the rising incidence of HNSCC in low-risk, nontraditional patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan A Gingerich
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Joshua D Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nicole L Michmerhuizen
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Megan Ludwig
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Samantha Devenport
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Chloe Matovina
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Chad Brenner
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Steven B Chinn
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Katiyar T, Maurya SS, Hasan F, Singh AP, Khan AJ, Hadi R, Singh S, Bhatt MLB, Parmar D. Association of cytochrome P450 1B1 haplotypes with head and neck cancer risk. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2017; 58:443-450. [PMID: 28556360 DOI: 10.1002/em.22098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms have been reported in several cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes, including CYP1B1 which metabolically activates procarcinogens present in tobacco to carcinogenic intermediates. This study used a case-control approach in North Indian population to determine associations between genetic variants in CYP1B1 and risk of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). We examined the genotype and haplotype frequencies at various single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including SNPs previously reported in the promoter region and intron 1 of CYP1B1 in Caucasians. Using cycle sequencing, 9 SNPs were identified in the promoter region, intron 1, and exons 2 and 3. Haplotype analysis revealed that 5 SNPs (those in the promoter region, intron, and Arg48Gly and Ala119Ser in exon 2) were in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD). Cases with the T-A-T-G-T haplotype were significantly associated with increased risk of HNSCC. Interestingly, qRT-PCR studies revealed a significant increase in mRNA expression of CYP1B1 in peripheral blood isolated from cases with the T-A-T-G-T haplotype compared with cases with the C-G-C-C-G haplotype, and in cases compared to controls for both main haplotypes. The data thus provide evidence that CYP1B1 haplotypes could be more effective in predicting HNSCC risk. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 58:443-450, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tridiv Katiyar
- System Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
- Babu Banarsi Das University, BBD City, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226028, India
| | - Shailendra S Maurya
- System Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
| | - Feza Hasan
- System Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
- Babu Banarsi Das University, BBD City, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226028, India
| | - Arvind P Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Anwar J Khan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sajay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Rahat Hadi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Madan L B Bhatt
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Devendra Parmar
- System Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
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12
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Liu DN, Zhou YF, Peng AF, Long XH, Chen XY, Liu ZL, Xia H. HELQ reverses the malignant phenotype of osteosarcoma cells via CHK1-RAD51 signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:1107-1113. [PMID: 28000895 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
HELQ is a DNA helicase important for repair of DNA lesions and has been linked to several types of cancer. However, little is known about its relationship with osteosarcoma (OS) and its mechanism. In the present study, the expression of HELQ and its downstream mediators in OS cells was assayed by quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. The function of HELQ in OS cells was investigated by Transwell invasion, wound healing, CCK8 assays and Comet assay. The results demonstrated that HELQ gene and protein were expressed in OS cells. OS cell invasion, migration, proliferation and DNA damage repair were enhanced by HELQ knock-down with shRNA-lentivirus and inhibited by HELQ overexpression with lentivirus transfection. Furthermore, the antitumor activities of HELQ may be associated with upregulated expression of the DNA damage-related proteins CHK1 and RAD51. Our findings indicated that HELQ confers an anti-invasive phenotype on OS cells by activating the CHK1-RAD51 signaling pathway and suggested that HELQ could be recognized as a promising therapeutic target for OS and other types of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ning Liu
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yun Fei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Ai Fen Peng
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xin Hua Long
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Yin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Li Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Hong Xia
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
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13
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Li YP, Yang JJ, Xu H, Guo EY, Yu Y. Structure-function analysis of DNA helicase HELQ: A new diagnostic marker in ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:4439-4444. [PMID: 28101207 PMCID: PMC5228290 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been previously reported that a deficiency of the helicase, POLQ-like (HELQ) gene increases the risk of ovarian cancer. The present study aimed to explore the structure-function association of HELQ and discuss the effect of molecular structure on the occurrence of tumors. ExPASy tools were employed to analyze the physicochemical properties and secondary structure of the genes. PHYRE2 Protein Fold Recognition Server was used to construct the three-dimensional model and find the ligand-binding sites of HELQ. In addition, the potential functions corresponding to these structures were excavated by comparing and analyzing protein domains. The HELQ protein is located in the cytoplasm (56.5%) and nucleus (21.7%). HELQ has 4 conserved domains, consisting of DEXDc, HELICc, HHH_5 and PRK02362, which contain the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding site, nucleotide binding region and putative Mg2+ binding site. In the secondary structure, it was found that HELQ was mainly composed of α helix (46.68%) and random coils (43.05%), with only 10.26% extended strand. According to 3DLigandSite Server, the ligand binding sites appeared in ILE333, LYS335, TYR337, SER362, LEU367, LYS397, GLN340, GLY363, GLY364 and ASN678 of the amino acid sequence. Among the functional protein association networks, regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1, family with sequence similarity 175 member A, small ubiquitin-like modifier 1, DNA polymerase ν and coiled-coil domain containing 158 were involved and co-expressed with HELQ. PredictProtein analysis indicated that the dominant functions of HELQ were ATP-dependent helicase activity and participation in the DNA repair process. Characteristics of the HELQ protein were obtained by bioinformatics analysis, based on which the role of HELQ in DNA replication, DNA repair and maintenance of genomic stability was explored. It was concluded that modulation the function of HELQ helicase may be used in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Li
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Juan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - En-Yu Guo
- Department of Equipment, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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14
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Obesity and head and neck cancer risk and survival by human papillomavirus serology. Cancer Causes Control 2014; 26:111-9. [PMID: 25398682 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-014-0490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies examining the association of body mass index (BMI) with risk of and survival from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have been inconsistent, although an inverse association has been noted for obesity and risk of HNSCC in several studies. Previous studies have not examined whether these associations differ by human papillomavirus (HPV) status. METHODS We utilized the resources of a population-based case-control study of HNSCC from the greater Boston area (959 cases and 1,208 controls were eligible for this analysis). Anthropometric history was collected through personal interviews, and HPV status was assessed using serology. We analyzed the association between BMI (assessed 5 years prior to disease incidence) and disease risk and survival using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression, respectively. RESULTS After adjusting for known risk factors, the association between obesity and overall risk of HNSCC was not significant (OR 0.79, 95 % CI 0.60-1.04). However, obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m(2)) was inversely associated with HNSCC risk among HPV-seronegative cases (OR 0.48, 95 % CI 0.32-0.70), but not among HPV-seropositive cases (OR 0.91, 95 % CI 0.68-1.21). BMI was not associated with survival overall or by HPV status. However, being overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m(2)) was associated with longer survival among HPV-seropositive smokers (HR 0.48, 95 % CI 0.31-0.74). CONCLUSIONS Our findings are consistent with previous observations that obesity is inversely associated with the risk of HNSCC; however, this association appears to be confined to HPV-seronegative cases. Overall, obesity was not associated with HNSCC survival overall or by HPV status. IMPACT Obesity is associated with risk of non-HPV HNSCC, but not HPV HNSCC.
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15
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Xia LY, Zeng XT, Li C, Leng WD, Fan MW. Association between p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and the risk of human papillomavirus-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:6127-30. [PMID: 24289637 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.10.6127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and the risk of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) by conducting meta-analysis. The PubMed database was searched for relevant studies until May 30, 2013. Relevant studies were selected and data were extracted by two independent authors. Overall, subgroup, and sensitivity analyses were then conducted using the Comprehensive Meta- Analysis v2.2 software. Wild-genotype ArgArg was considered as reference [odds ratio (OR) = 1.00]. Nine studies involving 1071 HNSCC cases were obtained. Meta-analysis results indicated no association between p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and the risk of HPV-related HNSCC: for Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg, OR = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.70-1.98; for Arg/Pro vs. Arg/ Arg, OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.97-1.72; and for (Pro/Pro + Arg/Pro) vs. Arg/Arg, OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 0.95-1.70. These meta-analysis results were supported by subgroup and sensitivity analysis results. In conclusions, p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism is a potential marker of HP infection-related HNSCC rather than a susceptibility gene polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yun Xia
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China E-mail :
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Babron MC, Kazma R, Gaborieau V, McKay J, Brennan P, Sarasin A, Benhamou S. Genetic variants in DNA repair pathways and risk of upper aerodigestive tract cancers: combined analysis of data from two genome-wide association studies in European populations. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1523-7. [PMID: 24658182 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair pathways are good candidates for upper aerodigestive tract cancer susceptibility because of their critical role in maintaining genome integrity. We have selected 13 pathways involved in DNA repair representing 212 autosomal genes. To assess the role of these pathways and their associated genes, two European data sets from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium were pooled, totaling 1954 cases and 3121 controls, with documented demographic, lifetime alcohol and tobacco consumption information. We applied an innovative approach that tests single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-sets within DNA repair pathways and then within genes belonging to the significant pathways. We showed an association between the polymerase pathway and oral cavity/pharynx cancers (P-corrected = 4.45 × 10(-) (2)), explained entirely by the association with one SNP, rs1494961 (P = 2.65 × 10(-) (4)), a missense mutation V306I in the second exon of HELQ gene. We also found an association between the cell cycle regulation pathway and esophagus cancer (P-corrected = 1.48 × 10(-) (2)), explained by three SNPs located within or near CSNK1E gene: rs1534891 (P = 1.27 × 10(-) (4)), rs7289981 (P = 3.37 × 10(-) (3)) and rs13054361 (P = 4.09 × 10(-) (3)). As a first attempt to investigate pathway-level associations, our results suggest a role of specific DNA repair genes/pathways in specific upper aerodigestive tract cancer sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claude Babron
- Inserm, U946, Genetic Variation and Human, Diseases and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, UMRS-946, Paris, F-75010, France
| | - Rémi Kazma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Valérie Gaborieau
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, F-69008, France
| | - James McKay
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, F-69008, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, F-69008, France
| | - Alain Sarasin
- Université Paris-Sud, Faculty of Medicine, Villejuif, F-94805, France, CNRS, UMR8200, Genomes and Cancers and Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Simone Benhamou
- Inserm, U946, Genetic Variation and Human, Diseases and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, UMRS-946, Paris, F-75010, France, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805, France
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17
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Takata KI, Reh S, Tomida J, Person MD, Wood RD. Human DNA helicase HELQ participates in DNA interstrand crosslink tolerance with ATR and RAD51 paralogs. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2338. [PMID: 24005565 PMCID: PMC3778836 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian HELQ is a 3′–5′ DNA helicase with strand displacement activity. Here we show that HELQ participates in a pathway of resistance to DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). Genetic disruption of HELQ in human cells enhances cellular sensitivity and chromosome radial formation by the ICL-inducing agent mitomycin C (MMC). A significant fraction of MMC sensitivity is independent of the Fanconi anaemia pathway. Sister chromatid exchange frequency and sensitivity to UV radiation or topoisomerase inhibitors is unaltered. Proteomic analysis reveals that HELQ is associated with the RAD51 paralogs RAD51B/C/D and XRCC2, and with the DNA damage-responsive kinase ATR. After treatment with MMC, reduced phosphorylation of the ATR substrate CHK1 occurs in HELQ-knockout cells, and accumulation of G2/M cells is reduced. The results indicate that HELQ operates in an arm of DNA repair and signalling in response to ICL. Further, the association with RAD51 paralogs suggests HELQ as a candidate ovarian cancer gene. Agents that cause DNA interstrand crosslinks are widely used to treat cancer. Takata et al. show that the DNA helicase HELQ associates with ATR and RAD51 paralogs, which are components of DNA repair pathways, and helps defend human cells against agents that induce DNA interstrand crosslinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei-ichi Takata
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Science Park, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
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Maurya SS, Anand G, Dhawan A, Khan AJ, Jain SK, Pant MC, Parmar D. Polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes and risk to head and neck cancer: evidence for gene-gene and gene-environment interaction. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2014; 55:134-144. [PMID: 24519899 DOI: 10.1002/em.21837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A case-control study involving 750 cases with squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) and an equal number of healthy controls was initiated to investigate the association of polymorphisms in the drug metabolizing genes cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), CYP1B1, CYP2E1 and glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) with the risk of developing cancer. Attempts were also made to identify the role and nature of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in modifying the susceptibility to HNSCC. Polymorphisms in drug metabolizing CYPs or GSTM1 showed modest associations with cancer risk. However, cases carrying haplotypes with variant alleles of both CYP1A1*2A and *2C or CYP1B1*2 and *3 or CYP2E1*5B and *6 were at significant risk of developing HNSCC. Likewise, cases carrying a combination of variant genotypes of CYPs and GSM1 (null) were at higher risk (up to 5-fold) of developing HNSCC. HNSCC risk also increased several-fold in cases carrying variant genotypes of CYPs who were regular tobacco smokers (8-18-fold), tobacco chewers (3-7-fold), or alcohol users (2-4-fold). Statistical analysis revealed a more than multiplicative interaction between combinations of the variant genotypes of CYPs and GSTM1 (null) and between variant genotypes and tobacco smoking or chewing or alcohol consumption, in both case-control and case-only designs. The data thus suggest that although polymorphisms in carcinogen-metabolizing CYPs may be a modest risk factor for developing HNSCC, gene-gene, and gene-environment interactions play a significant role in modifying the susceptibility to HNSCC.
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Galbiatti ALS, Padovani-Junior JA, Maníglia JV, Rodrigues CDS, Pavarino ÉC, Goloni-Bertollo EM. Head and neck cancer: causes, prevention and treatment. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 79:239-47. [PMID: 23670332 PMCID: PMC9443822 DOI: 10.5935/1808-8694.20130041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Although head and neck carcinoma ranks fifth among cancer types, patient survival rates have not changed significantly over the past years. Objective To determine the risk factors, causes, therapies, and prevention measures for head and neck cancer. Method Risk factors, causes, therapies, and preventive measures for this disease were searched on databases PUBMED, MEDLINE, and SciELO. Results Alcohol and tobacco are still atop risk factors. Other factors may influence the development of head and neck carcinoma. Surgery is the main treatment option, and the addition of radiotherapy following surgery is frequent for patients in the early stages of the disease. Other therapies target specific genetic molecular components connected to tumor development. Disease preventive measures include smoking cessation, limiting alcohol intake, preventing exposure to tobacco smoke and environmental carcinogenic agents, early detection of infection by HPV, maintaining oral health, good eating habits, and managing stress. Conclusion Additional research is needed for a more thorough understanding of the development of head and neck carcinomas and to shed light on new ways to improve therapeutic approaches and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lívia Silva Galbiatti
- Research Unit for Molecular Biology and Genetics (UPGEM), São José do Rio Preto Medical School, Brazil
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20
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Luebben SW, Kawabata T, Akre MK, Lee WL, Johnson CS, O'Sullivan MG, Shima N. Helq acts in parallel to Fancc to suppress replication-associated genome instability. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:10283-97. [PMID: 24005041 PMCID: PMC3905894 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
HELQ is a superfamily 2 DNA helicase found in archaea and metazoans. It has been implicated in processing stalled replication forks and in repairing DNA double-strand breaks and inter-strand crosslinks. Though previous studies have suggested the possibility that HELQ is involved in the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway, a dominant mechanism for inter-strand crosslink repair in vertebrates, this connection remains elusive. Here, we investigated this question in mice using the Helqgt and Fancc− strains. Compared with Fancc−/− mice lacking FANCC, a component of the FA core complex, Helqgt/gt mice exhibited a mild of form of FA-like phenotypes including hypogonadism and cellular sensitivity to the crosslinker mitomycin C. However, unlike Fancc−/− primary fibroblasts, Helqgt/gt cells had intact FANCD2 mono-ubiquitination and focus formation. Notably, for all traits examined, Helq was non-epistatic with Fancc, as Helqgt/gt;Fancc−/− double mutants displayed significantly worsened phenotypes than either single mutant. Importantly, this was most noticeable for the suppression of spontaneous chromosome instability such as micronuclei and 53BP1 nuclear bodies, known consequences of persistently stalled replication forks. These findings suggest that mammalian HELQ contributes to genome stability in unchallenged conditions through a mechanism distinct from the function of FANCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer W Luebben
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA, Molecular, Cellular, Developmental Biology and Genetics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA and College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Oncol 2013; 25:325-30. [DOI: 10.1097/cco.0b013e328360f591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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