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Lin B, Ser HL, Wang L, Li J, Chan KG, Lee LH, Tan LTH. The Emerging Role of MMP12 in the Oral Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054648. [PMID: 36902078 PMCID: PMC10002488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP12), or macrophage metalloelastase, plays important roles in extracellular matrix (ECM) component degradation. Recent reports show MMP12 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. To date, this review represents the latest comprehensive overview of MMP12 in various oral diseases, such as periodontitis, temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD), orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Furthermore, the current knowledge regarding the distribution of MMP12 in different tissues is also illustrated in this review. Studies have implicated the association of MMP12 expression with the pathogenesis of several representative oral diseases, including periodontitis, TMD, OSCC, OTM, and bone remodelling. Although there may be a potential role of MMP12 in oral diseases, the exact pathophysiological role of MMP12 remains to be elucidated. Understanding the cellular and molecular biology of MMP12 is essential, as MMP12 could be a potential target for developing therapeutic strategies targeting inflammatory and immunologically related oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingpeng Lin
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Hooi Leng Ser
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Lijing Wang
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence: (K.-G.C.); (L.-H.L.)
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Innovative Bioprospection Development Research Group (InBioD), Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Johor Bahru 80100, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (K.-G.C.); (L.-H.L.)
| | - Loh Teng-Hern Tan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Innovative Bioprospection Development Research Group (InBioD), Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Johor Bahru 80100, Malaysia
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Moser R, Gurley KE, Nikolova O, Qin G, Joshi R, Mendez E, Shmulevich I, Ashley A, Grandori C, Kemp CJ. Synthetic lethal kinases in Ras/p53 mutant squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:3355-3369. [PMID: 35538224 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The oncogene Ras and the tumor suppressor gene p53 are frequently co-mutated in human cancer and mutations in Ras and p53 can cooperate to generate a more malignant cell state. To discover novel druggable targets for cancers carrying co-mutations in Ras and p53, we performed arrayed, kinome focused siRNA and oncology drug phenotypic screening utilizing a set of syngeneic Ras mutant squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines that also carried co-mutations in selected p53 pathway genes. These cell lines were derived from SCCs from carcinogen-treated inbred mice which harbored germline deletions or mutations in Trp53, p19Arf, Atm, or Prkdc. Both siRNA and drug phenotypic screening converge to implicate the phosphoinositol kinases, receptor tyrosine kinases, MAP kinases, as well as cell cycle and DNA damage response genes as targetable dependencies in SCC. Differences in functional kinome profiles between Ras mutant cell lines reflect incomplete penetrance of Ras synthetic lethal kinases and indicate that co-mutations cause a rewiring of survival pathways in Ras mutant tumors. This study describes the functional kinomic landscape of Ras/p53 mutant chemically-induced squamous cell carcinoma in both the baseline unperturbed state and following DNA damage and nominates candidate therapeutic targets, including the Nek4 kinase, for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Moser
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kay E Gurley
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Olga Nikolova
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Rashmi Joshi
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Christopher J Kemp
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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3
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Strohmeier S, Brcic I, Popper H, Liegl-Atzwanger B, Lindenmann J, Brcic L. Applicability of pan-TRK immunohistochemistry for identification of NTRK fusions in lung carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9785. [PMID: 33963267 PMCID: PMC8105314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, various therapies have been introduced for lung carcinoma patients, including tyrosine-kinase inhibitors for different mutations. While some of them are specific to specific tumor types, others, like NTRK1-3 fusions, are found in various solid tumors. The occurrence of an NTRK1,2 or 3 fusion acts as a biomarker for efficient treatment with NTRK inhibitors, irrespectively of the tumor type. However, the occurrence of the NTRK1-3 fusions in lung carcinomas is extremely rare. We performed a retrospective analysis to evaluate the applicability of immunohistochemistry with the pan-TRK antibody in the detection of NTRK fusions in lung carcinomas. The study cohort included 176 adenocarcinomas (AC), 161 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 31 large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC), and 19 small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using the pan-TRK antibody (clone EPR17341, Ventana) on tissue microarrays, while confirmation for all positive cases was done using RNA-based Archer FusionPlex MUG Lung Panel. On IHC staining, 12/387 samples (3.1%) demonstrated a positive reaction. Ten SCC cases (10/161, 6.2%), and two LCNEC cases (2/31, 6.5%) were positive. Positive cases demonstrated heterogeneous staining of tumor cells, mostly membranous with some cytoplasmic and in one case nuclear pattern. RNA-based sequencing did not demonstrate any NTRK1-3 fusion in our patients' collective. Our study demonstrates that pan-TRK expression in lung carcinoma is very low across different histologic types. NTRK1-3 fusions using an RNA-based sequencing approached could not be detected. This stresses the importance of confirmation of immunohistochemistry results by molecular methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Strohmeier
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Iva Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Helmut Popper
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jörg Lindenmann
- Division of Thoracic Surgery and Hyperbaric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29/3, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Luka Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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Bensen R, Brognard J. New Therapeutic Opportunities for the Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Focus on Novel Driver Kinases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2831. [PMID: 33799513 PMCID: PMC7999493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, head and neck, esophagus, and cervix account for more than two million cases of cancer per year worldwide with very few targetable therapies available and minimal clinical improvement in the past three decades. Although these carcinomas are differentiated anatomically, their genetic landscape shares numerous common genetic alterations. Amplification of the third chromosome's distal portion (3q) is a distinguishing genetic alteration in most of these carcinomas and leads to copy-number gain and amplification of numerous oncogenic proteins. This area of the chromosome harbors known oncogenes involved in squamous cell fate decisions and differentiation, including TP63, SOX2, ECT2, and PIK3CA. Furthermore, novel targetable oncogenic kinases within this amplicon include PRKCI, PAK2, MAP3K13, and TNIK. TCGA analysis of these genes identified amplification in more than 20% of clinical squamous cell carcinoma samples, correlating with a significant decrease in overall patient survival. Alteration of these genes frequently co-occurs and is dependent on 3q-chromosome amplification. The dependency of cancer cells on these amplified kinases provides a route toward personalized medicine in squamous cell carcinoma patients through development of small-molecules targeting these kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Brognard
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
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Wang HC, Chan LP, Wu CC, Chang SJ, Moi SH, Luo CW, Pan MR. Silencing DNA Polymerase β Induces Aneuploidy as a Biomarker of Poor Prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052402. [PMID: 33673690 PMCID: PMC7957714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Most patients with oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) have a locally advanced stage at diagnosis. The treatment strategies are diverse, including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Despite multimodality treatment, the response rate is unsatisfactory. DNA repair and genetic instability are highly associated with carcinogenesis and treatment outcomes in oral squamous cell cancer, affecting cell growth and proliferation. Therefore, focusing on DNA repair and genetic instability interactions could be a potential target for improving the outcomes of OSCC patients. DNA polymerase-β (POLB) is an important enzyme in base excision repair and contributes to gene instability, leading to tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. The aim of our study was to confirm POLB regulates the growth of OSCC cells through modulation of cell cycle and chromosomal instability. We analyzed a tissue array from 133 OSCC patients and discovered that low POLB expression was associated with advanced tumor stage and poor overall survival. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, low POLB expression and advanced lymph node status were significantly associated with poor survival. By performing in vitro studies on model cell lines, we demonstrated that POLB silencing regulated cell cycles, exacerbated mitotic abnormalities and enhanced cell proliferation. After POLB depletion, OSCC cells showed chromosomal instability and aneuploidy. Thus, POLB is an important maintainer of karyotypic stability in OSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ching Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Leong-Perng Chan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital and Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Wu
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Shu-Jyuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Sin-Hua Moi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, No.1, Sec. 1, Syuecheng Rd., Dashu District, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Wen Luo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Breast Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Mei-Ren Pan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3121101-5092-34; Fax: +886-7-3218309
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Abstract
The incidence of cutaneous keratinocyte-derived cancers is increasing globally. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy worldwide, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common metastatic skin cancer. BCC can be classified into subtypes based on the histology, and these subtypes are classified further into low- and high-risk tumors. There is an increasing need to identify new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of unresectable and metastatic cSCC, and for aggressive BCC variants such as infiltrating, basosquamous or morpheaform BCCs. The most important risk factor for BCC and cSCC is solar UV radiation, which causes genetic and epigenetic alterations in keratinocytes. Similar gene mutations are noted already in sun-exposed normal skin emphasizing the role of the alterations in the tumor microenvironment in the progression of cSCC. Early events in cSCC progression are alterations in the composition of basement membrane and dermal extracellular matrix induced by influx of microbes, inflammatory cells and activated stromal fibroblasts. Activated fibroblasts promote inflammation and produce growth factors and proteolytic enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Transforming growth factor-β produced by tumor cells and fibroblasts induces the expression of MMPs by cSCC cells and promotes their invasion. Fibroblast-derived keratinocyte growth factor suppresses the malignant phenotype of cSCC cells by inhibiting the expression of several MMPs. These findings emphasize the importance of interplay of tumor and stromal cells in the progression of cSCC and BCC and suggest tumor microenvironment as a therapeutic target in cSCC and aggressive subtypes of BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilvi Riihilä
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
- FICAN West Cancer Centre Research LaboratoryUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
| | - Liisa Nissinen
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
- FICAN West Cancer Centre Research LaboratoryUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
| | - Veli‐Matti Kähäri
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
- FICAN West Cancer Centre Research LaboratoryUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
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Kim M, Morales LD, Lee CJ, Olivarez SA, Kim WJ, Hernandez J, Mummidi S, Jenkinson C, Tsin AT, Jang IS, Slaga TJ, Kim DJ. Overexpression of TC-PTP in murine epidermis attenuates skin tumor formation. Oncogene 2020; 39:4241-4256. [PMID: 32286519 PMCID: PMC7244373 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TC-PTP), encoded by Ptpn2, has been shown to function as a tumor suppressor during skin carcinogenesis. In the current study, we generated a novel epidermal-specific TC-PTP-overexpressing (K5HA.Ptpn2) mouse model to show that TC-PTP contributes to the attenuation of chemically induced skin carcinogenesis through the synergistic regulation of STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and PI3K/AKT signaling. We found overexpression of TC-PTP increased epidermal sensitivity to DMBA-induced apoptosis and it decreased TPA-mediated hyperproliferation, coinciding with reduced epidermal thickness. Inhibition of STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, or AKT reversed the effects of TC-PTP overexpression on epidermal survival and proliferation. Mice overexpressing TC-PTP in the epidermis developed significantly reduced numbers of tumors during skin carcinogenesis and presented a prolonged latency of tumor initiation. Examination of human papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) revealed that TC-PTP expression was significantly reduced and TC-PTP expression was inversely correlated with the increased grade of SCCs. Our findings demonstrate that TC-PTP is a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of human skin cancer given that it is a major negative regulator of oncogenic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihwa Kim
- Department of Molecular Science, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Liza D Morales
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Cheol Jung Lee
- Department of Molecular Science, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Serena A Olivarez
- Department of Molecular Science, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, College of Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Joselin Hernandez
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Srinivas Mummidi
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Jenkinson
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Andrew T Tsin
- Department of Molecular Science, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Ik-Soon Jang
- Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, 305-333, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas J Slaga
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Dae Joon Kim
- Department of Molecular Science, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA.
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Bao J, Wu Y, Wang L, Zhu Y. The role of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase-3 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19626. [PMID: 32282711 PMCID: PMC7220331 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
6-phosphofructo-kinase-2/fructose diphosphatase-2 isoenzyme 3 (PFKFB3) is closely related to the growth of many types of cancer cells. Glycolysis not only provides Adenosine triphosphate for the growth of tumor cells, but also protects them from acid products, which is beneficial to the invasion and metastasis of tumors. However, PFKFB3 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been scarcely reported. In this study, the role of PFKFB3 was studied in 120 ESCC samples using immunohistochemistry technique (IHC), western blotting, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Both PFKFB3 protein and gene expression in ESCC tissues were significantly higher than in adjacent non-tumor tissues (P < .05). Single factor analysis showed that both PFKFB3 protein and gene expression are related to infiltration depth, stage, tumor metastasis, and the degree of tumor differentiation in ESCC. Multifactor Cox survival analysis revealed that PFKFB3 protein expression, tumor location, tumor metastasis, tumor differentiation degree, and tumor stage were independent factors affecting the overall survival of postoperative patients. Multivariate Cox survival analysis showed that PFKFB3 mRNA has a good performance for predicting 3-year survival of patients with ESCC 0.89 (0.79-0.99), with a sensitivity of 0.85 and specificity of 0.77. Encouragingly, the sensitivity and specificity of PFKFB3 in the diagnosis of early ESCC (stage I and stage II) can reach 87.8% and 91.5%. In conclusion, high PFKFB3 protein and gene expression may be associated with the occurrence, development, and prognosis of ESCC. PFKFB3 could be used to help develop new therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Bao
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Tong Liao City Hospital, Tong Liao, Inner Mongolia
| | - Ya Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Tong Liao City Hospital, Tong Liao, Inner Mongolia
| | - Yaqun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
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Liu S, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Sang M, Zhao R, Gu L, Shan B. The clinical significance of methylation of MAGE-A1 and-A3 promoters and expression of DNA methyltransferase in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol 2020; 41:102318. [PMID: 31732299 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2019.102318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Abnormal DNA methylation plays an important role in clinical diagnosis and prognosis of various tumors. DNA methylation is catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase (DNMT). However, the methylation status of MAGE-A1 and MAGE-A3 promoter regions in LSCC is unclear. To investigate the methylation levels of MAGE-A1, -A3 in LSCC and corresponding normal tissues. The expression of DNMTs (DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b) in LSCC and the relationship between the methylation status of MAGE-A1, -A3 were analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined methylation status of MAGE-A1, -A3 in LSCC by using MSP. Meanwhile, the expression level of DNMTs in LSCC was detected by immunohistochemistry. And further analysis the correlation between DNMTs expression level and methylation status of MAGE-A1 and MAGE-A3. RESULTS The unmethylation rate of MAGE-A1, -A3 were 39.62% and 46.23%. The expression of DNMTs was 33.02% to 37.74%. The level of demethylation of MAGE-A1 and MAGE-A3 were negative related to DNMTs protein. MAGE-A1 and MAGE-A3 unmethylation status and DNMT3a expression were independent prognostic factors for LSCC. CONCLUSIONS The DNMTs may participate in the methylation process of MAGE-A1 and MAGE-A3, which may play an important role in the occurrence and development of LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China; Department of Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuru Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Meixiang Sang
- Department of Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China; Tumor Research Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruili Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Gu
- Department of Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Department of Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China; Tumor Research Institute, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Kumar VB, Lin SH, Mahalakshmi B, Lo YS, Lin CC, Chuang YC, Hsieh MJ, Chen MK. Sodium Danshensu Inhibits Oral Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion by Modulating p38 Signaling Pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:568436. [PMID: 33101201 PMCID: PMC7554528 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.568436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that comprises about 90% of all oral cancer cases is associated with poor prognosis due to its highly metastatic nature. The majority of OSCC treatment options are related detrimental side-effects. Hypothesis/Purpose: The present study aimed at deciphering the effects of a bioactive phytochemical, sodium danshensu, on human oral cancer cell metastasis. Methods and Results: The treatment of FaDu and Ca9-22 cells with different doses of sodium danshensu (25, 50, and 100 μM) caused a significant reduction in cellular motility, migration, and invasion, as compared to the untreated cells. This effect was associated with a reduced expression of MMP-2, vimentin and N-cadherin, together with an enhanced expression of E-cadherin and ZO-1. Further investigation on the molecular mechanism revealed that treatment with sodium danshensu caused significant reduction in p38 phosphorylation; however, phosphorylation of ERK1/2 significantly decreased only in FaDu cells, whereas p-JNK1/2 did not show any alteration. A combination of p38 and JNK1/2 inhibitors with sodium danshensu also reduced the migration in the FaDu and Ca9-22 cell lines. Conclusion: Collectively, the present study findings reveal that sodium danshensu execute anti-metastatic effect by suppressing p38 phosphorylation in human oral cancer. The study identifies sodium danshensu as a potential natural anticancer agent that can be used therapeutically to manage highly metastatic OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Bharath Kumar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - B. Mahalakshmi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Holistic Wellness, Mingdao University, Changhua, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Ming-Ju Hsieh
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Mu-Kuan Chen
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11
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Chuerduangphui J, Ekalaksananan T, Heawchaiyaphum C, Vatanasapt P, Pientong C. Peroxiredoxin 2 is highly expressed in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and is upregulated by human papillomavirus oncoproteins and arecoline, promoting proliferation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242465. [PMID: 33332365 PMCID: PMC7746188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) is upregulated in various cancers including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). It is a known tumor promoter in some cancers, but its role in OSCC is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of arecoline, an alkaloid of the betel nut, and human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6/E7 oncoproteins on induction of PRDX2 expression, and also the effects of PRDX2 overexpression in oral cell lines. Levels of PRDX2 protein were determined using western blot analysis of samples of exfoliated normal oral cells (n = 75) and oral lesion cells from OSCC cases (n = 75). Some OSCC cases were positive for HPV infection and some patients had a history of betel quid chewing. To explore the level of PRDX2 by western blot, the proteins were extracted from oral cell lines that were treated with arecoline or retroviruses containing HPV16 E6 gene and HPV16 E6/E7 expressing vector. For analysis of PRDX2 functions, cell proliferation, cell-cycle progression, apoptosis and migration was compared between oral cells overexpressing PRDX2 and cells with PRDX2-knockdown. PRDX2 expression levels tended to be higher in OSCC samples that were positive for HPV infection and had history of betel quid chewing. Arecoline treatment in vitro at low concentrations and overexpression of HPV16 E6 or E6/E7 in oral cells induced PRDX2 overexpression. Interestingly, in oral cells, PRDX2 promoted cell proliferation, cell-cycle progression (G2/M phase), cell migration and inhibited apoptosis. Upregulation of PRDX2 in oral cells was induced by arecoline and HPV16 oncoproteins and promoted growth of OSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jureeporn Chuerduangphui
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Tipaya Ekalaksananan
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chukkris Heawchaiyaphum
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patravoot Vatanasapt
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chamsai Pientong
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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12
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Li F, Zhang Z, Wang P, Wen P, Xu Q, Wang Y, Pan P, Ma L. ALC1 knockdown enhances cisplatin cytotoxicity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by inhibition of glycolysis through PI3K/Akt pathway. Life Sci 2019; 232:116679. [PMID: 31340168 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Amplified in liver cancer 1 gene (ALC1), a recently identified oncogene, was reported to be overexpressed in esophageal cancer cell lines and identified as a target oncogene in esophageal cancer pathogenesis. However, little literature is available to illustrate its significance in cisplatin resistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of ALC1 on cisplatin cytotoxicity of ESCC cells and to study the potential mechanisms. MAIN METHODS ALC1 at mRNA and protein levels were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Cell viability was evaluated using CCK-8 assay. Apoptosis was assessed using caspase-3/7 activity assay and flow cytometry analysis. Glycolysis level was evaluated by measuring glucose consumption and lactate production. The protein levels of p-protein kinase B (Akt) and Akt were determined by western blot. KEY FINDINGS ALC1 was highly expressed in ESCC cells compared with human normal esophageal epithelial Het-1A cells. ALC1 knockdown suppressed the viability, induced apoptosis and enhanced cisplatin cytotoxicity in ESCC cells. In addition, ALC1 knockdown inhibited glycolysis and inactivated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in ESCC cells. Mechanistically, activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway by 740Y-P blocked the effects of ALC1 knockdown on cisplatin cytotoxicity and glycolysis in ESCC cells. In contrast, inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway by LY294002 or glycolysis by 2-deoxyglucose resisted the effect of ALC1 overexpression on cisplatin cytotoxicity in ESCC cells. SIGNIFICANCE ALC1 knockdown enhanced cisplatin cytotoxicity of ESCC cells by inhibition of glycolysis through inactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang 473012, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang 473012, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Proctology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang 473012, China
| | - Penghao Wen
- Department of Oncology, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473065, China
| | - Quanxiao Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang 473012, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang 473012, China
| | - Ping Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang 473012, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang 473012, China.
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13
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Stanciu AE, Zamfir-Chiru-Anton A, Stanciu MM, Popescu CR, Gheorghe DC. Imbalance between Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases Promotes Invasion and Metastasis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Lab 2019; 63:1613-1620. [PMID: 29035450 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2017.170339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The balance between collagenolysis and its inhibition is critical during extracellular matrix remodeling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). An imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) plays a critical role in the development of tumor cell invasion and metastasis. The purpose of the study was to determine MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratios in the sera of patients with HNSCC in relation to clinicopathological parameters. METHODS Serum samples from seventy patients with HNSCC were measured by ELISA, before and 2 days after surgery. Forty healthy volunteers were selected as controls. RESULTS Preoperative MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratios were significantly higher in HNSCC patients than in the control group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Changes in MMP-9 concentration and MMP9/TIMP-1 ratio after surgery had a negative correlation with lymph node involvement (r = - 0.35, p = 0.021 and r = - 0.37, p = 0.013), while changes in TIMP-1 had a positive one (r = 0.45, p = 0.006). Histological grade was positively correlated with the changes in circulating TIMP-2 level (r = 0.39, p = 0.021). No significant correlation was discovered between MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio and tumor grade or any clinicopathological variables. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that an imbalance between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 could play an important role in metastatic spread via lymphatic pathways of HNSCC cells. MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio and, in particular, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, may represent suitable biomarkers for early diagnosis and detection of disease progression and dissemination in HNSCC patients.
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Abstract
Skin cancer can be classified as cutaneous malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Due to the high level of morbidity and mortality, skin cancer has become a global public health issue worldwide while the pathogenesis of skin cancer is still unclear. It is necessary to further identify the pathogenesis of skin cancer and find candidate targets to diagnose and treat skin cancer. A variety of factors are known to be associated with skin cancer including N-glycosylation, which partly explained the malignant behaviors of skin cancer. In this review, we retrieved databases such as PubMed and Web of Science to elucidate its relationship between glycosylation and skin cancer. We summarized some key glycosyltransferases and proteins during the process of N-glycosylation related to skin cancer, which was helpful to unmask the additional mechanism of skin cancer and find some novel targets of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yeye Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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15
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Kiss A, Koppel AC, Murphy E, Sall M, Barlas M, Kissling G, Efimova T. Cell Type-Specific p38δ Targeting Reveals a Context-, Stage-, and Sex-Dependent Regulation of Skin Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071532. [PMID: 30934690 PMCID: PMC6479675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation and/or upregulated expression of p38δ are demonstrated in human skin malignancies including cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, suggesting a role for p38δ in skin carcinogenesis. We previously reported that mice with germline deletion of the p38δ gene are significantly protected from chemical skin carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated the effects of cell-selective targeted ablation of p38δ in keratinocytes and in immune (myeloid) cells on skin tumor development in a two-stage 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) chemical mouse skin carcinogenesis model. Conditional keratinocyte-specific p38δ ablation (p38δ-cKO∆K) did not influence the latency, incidence, or multiplicity of chemically-induced skin tumors, but led to increased tumor volume in females during the TPA promotion stage, and reduced malignant progression in males and females relative to their wild-type counterparts. In contrast, conditional myeloid cell-specific p38δ deletion (p38δ-cKO∆M) inhibited DMBA/TPA-induced skin tumorigenesis in male but not female mice. Thus, tumor onset was delayed, and tumor incidence, multiplicity, and volume were reduced in p38δ-cKO∆M males compared with control wild-type males. Moreover, the percentage of male mice with malignant tumors was decreased in the p38δ-cKO∆M group relative to their wild-type counterparts. Collectively, these results reveal that cell-specific p38δ targeting modifies susceptibility to chemical skin carcinogenesis in a context-, stage-, and sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexi Kiss
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
- The George Washington Cancer Center, 800 22nd Street NW, Science and Engineering Hall 8160, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - Aaron C Koppel
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Emily Murphy
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2150 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Suite 2B-430, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3900 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Maxwell Sall
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Meral Barlas
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Grace Kissling
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Tatiana Efimova
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Ross Hall 550, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
- The George Washington Cancer Center, 800 22nd Street NW, Science and Engineering Hall 8160, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2150 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Suite 2B-430, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
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16
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Ruiz EJ, Diefenbacher ME, Nelson JK, Sancho R, Pucci F, Chakraborty A, Moreno P, Annibaldi A, Liccardi G, Encheva V, Mitter R, Rosenfeldt M, Snijders AP, Meier P, Calzado MA, Behrens A. LUBAC determines chemotherapy resistance in squamous cell lung cancer. J Exp Med 2019; 216:450-465. [PMID: 30642944 PMCID: PMC6363428 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20180742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and adenocarcinoma (LADC) are the most common lung cancer subtypes. Molecular targeted treatments have improved LADC patient survival but are largely ineffective in LSCC. The tumor suppressor FBW7 is commonly mutated or down-regulated in human LSCC, and oncogenic KRasG12D activation combined with Fbxw7 inactivation in mice (KF model) caused both LSCC and LADC. Lineage-tracing experiments showed that CC10+, but not basal, cells are the cells of origin of LSCC in KF mice. KF LSCC tumors recapitulated human LSCC resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy, and we identified LUBAC-mediated NF-κB signaling as a determinant of chemotherapy resistance in human and mouse. Inhibition of NF-κB activation using TAK1 or LUBAC inhibitors resensitized LSCC tumors to cisplatin, suggesting a future avenue for LSCC patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Josue Ruiz
- Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Jessica K Nelson
- Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Rocio Sancho
- Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Fabio Pucci
- Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Paula Moreno
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Unidad de Cirugía Torácica y Trasplante Pulmonar, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alessandro Annibaldi
- Breast Cancer Now, Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gianmaria Liccardi
- Breast Cancer Now, Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Richard Mitter
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Mathias Rosenfeldt
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Pascal Meier
- Breast Cancer Now, Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Axel Behrens
- Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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17
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Chrysovergis A, S Papanikolaou V, Tsiambas E, Kikidis D, Maragoudakis P, Ragos V, Kyrodimos E. Caspase complex in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J BUON 2019; 24:1-4. [PMID: 30941944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Caspases (cysteine-aspartic proteases) represent a family of enzymes that modify several functions crucial for cell homeostasis such as inflammation and apoptosis. According to their implication in the apoptotic pathways, caspases are characterized as initiators and executioners, respectively. In the first group have been inserted caspase-2,-8,-9, and -10, whereas caspase-3,-6, and-7 belong to the second category. All of these normal actions of the caspase complex that induce apoptosis are altered in carcinoma progression and establishment. In cancer tissues, programmed cell death is inhibited due to a deregulation in expression of apo- and anti-apoptotic proteins. This genetic imbalance drives the cancer cell to immortalization which reflects the aberrant tissue proliferation. For this reason, caspases and the other apoptotic molecules are considered as important targets for specific targeted therapeutic strategies for enhancing the apoptotic levels inside the malignant tumor cells cores. In the current review we explored the role of caspases deregulation in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). In malignancies -including LSCC- its deregulation leads the cells to immortalization due to apoptosis inhibition and telomerase overexpression. Caspase-dependent apoptotic rates are decreased in LSCC. For this reason, caspases are considered a very promising target for applying targeted therapeutic strategies in order to enhance apoptosis in the corresponding patients suffering of LSCC.
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18
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Cacina C, Kaşarci G, Bektaş K, Unur M, Cakmakoglu B. The COX2 genetic variants in oral squamous cell carcinoma in Turkish population. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2018; 64:96-100. [PMID: 30511628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common type of cancer that genetic and environmental factors also lifestyle habits, infections play important roles in the pathogenesis of disease. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) is the inducible isoform of enzyme which convert arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. It was known that alterations in COX2 gene functions contribute to the inflammation process thus induce cancer progression, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, invasion and metastasis. A total of 114 cases 165 healthy individuals were included in present study. We aimed to evaluate possible association between the COX2; -765, -1195 polymorphisms and the risk of OSCC. The genotypes were determined by using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques. In our study group the carriers of COX2 -765 C allele were statistically higher in patients compared with controls and individuals who had CC genotype had a 3,4 fold high risk for OSCC (p <0,05). We also observed the COX2 -1195 AA genotype frequency was higher in cases that of healthy group and individuals who had AA genotype showed a 1,7 fold increased risk for OSCC (p < 0,05). Haplotype analysis confirmed our result and revealed that the frequencies of COX2 -765C, -1195A haplotype frequencies were significantly higher in patients as compared with those of controls. In conclusion we suggest that COX2, -765, -1195 polymorphisms appear to be an important predictive factor and may be a prognostic biomarker for risk of OSCC. Further investigations with larger study groups are needed to fully elucidate the role of COX2 -765, -1195 variations in the development of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Cacina
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Aziz Sancar Experimental Medicine Research, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Göksu Kaşarci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Aziz Sancar Experimental Medicine Research, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kivanç Bektaş
- Department of Oral Surgery and Medicine, Istanbul Dentistry Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meral Unur
- Department of Oral Surgery and Medicine, Istanbul Dentistry Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bedia Cakmakoglu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Aziz Sancar Experimental Medicine Research, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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19
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Ge W, Jiao Y, Chang L. The association between MTHFR gene polymorphisms (C677T, A1298C) and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202959. [PMID: 30142181 PMCID: PMC6108503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A consensus has not been reached regarding the association of MTHFR gene polymorphism and susceptibility to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We performed a meta-analysis to better evaluate the association between MTHFR C677T, A1298C polymorphism and OSCC risk. The studies regarding the association of MTHFR C677T, A1298C polymorphisms and OSCC were identified in PubMed and EMBASE and Google Scholar. The pooled odd rates (ORs) with 95%CIs were estimated using a fixed-effect or random-effect model. The associations between MTHFR polymorphisms and OSCC risk were assessed under the dominant, recessive and additive models. A collective total of 1539 OSCC patients and 2131 normal controls were included across 13 studies. The minor T allele of MTHFR C677T was significantly associated with the increased risk of OSCC development(OR = 1.35, 95%CI 1.04-1.76). Individuals carrying the ''T" allele (TT+CT) had a nearly 43% increased risk for OSCC development when compared with CC (OR = 1.43, 95%CI 1.02-1.99). Under additive model, the results also showed that individuals with CT or TT genotype were more susceptible to OSCC than CC (OR = 1.45, 95%CI 1.02-2.08; OR = 1.79, 95%CI 1.28-2.50; respectively). The subgroup analysis by ethnicity revealed that significant difference in C677T allele distribution could be observed in European (OR = 1.33, 95%CI 1.02-1.75) rather than Asian (OR = 1.59, 95%CI 0.91-2.78). No significant association of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and OSCC risk could be observed. The present study revealed that T allele and TT genotype of MTHFR C677T polymorphism were significantly associated with the increased risk of OSCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Ge
- Department of Special Clinic, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Medicine and Education, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Lianzhen Chang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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20
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Bolzacchini E, Tuzi A, Pinotti G. ALK-Rearranged Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Treated with Two Lines of ALK Inhibitors. J Thorac Oncol 2018; 12:e55-e57. [PMID: 28434517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yan M, Zhao C, Wei N, Wu X, Cui J, Xing Y. High Expression of Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 8 (USP8) Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:4934-4943. [PMID: 30010158 PMCID: PMC6067021 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is one of the most common female malignancies in the world. The ubiquitin-specific protease 8 (USP8) functions by removing ubiquitin from protein substrates, and its potential role in cancer development was recently uncovered in lung cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and function of USP8 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative PCR were performed to explore the expression of USP8 in both CSCC tissues and adjacent normal cervical tissues. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate the clinical significance of USP8 in CSCC. Proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of 2 CSCC cell lines were assessed after overexpression or silencing USP8, respectively. RESULTS Both the RNA and protein levels of USP8 were upregulated in CSCC tissues compared to normal cervical tissues. High expression of USP8 was correlated with advanced tumor stage and high recurrence risk. Moreover, USP8 was identified as a novel independent prognostic factor for CSCC patients. Cellular studies showed that USP8 can enhance the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of CSCC cells, thereby promoting tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS High expression of USP8 is frequent in CSCC tissues, which promotes tumor proliferation and invasion, and is correlated with a poor overall survival. Targeting USP8 may be a novel direction for drug development for CSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yan
- Department of Obstetrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Cuihong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Na Wei
- Department of Obstetrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Cui
- Family Planning Station of Qingzhou, Weifang, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Xing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nangang Branch of Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
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22
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Tyszka-Czochara M, Bukowska-Strakova K, Kocemba-Pilarczyk KA, Majka M. Caffeic Acid Targets AMPK Signaling and Regulates Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Anaplerosis while Metformin Downregulates HIF-1α-Induced Glycolytic Enzymes in Human Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lines. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10070841. [PMID: 29958416 PMCID: PMC6073805 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The small molecules, natural antioxidant Caffeic Acid (trans-3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic acid CA) and anti-diabetic drug Metformin (Met), activate 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and interfere with metabolic reprogramming in human cervical squamous carcinoma cells. Here, to gain more insight into the ability of CA, Met and the combination of both compounds to impair aerobic glycolysis (the “Warburg effect”) and disrupt bioenergetics of cancer cells, we employed the cervical tumor cell lines C-4I and HTB-35/SiHa. In epithelial C-4I cells derived from solid tumors, CA alleviated glutamine anaplerosis by downregulation of Glutaminase (GLS) and Malic Enzyme 1 (ME1), which resulted in the reduction of NADPH levels. CA treatment of the cells altered tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle supplementation with pyruvate via Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDH), increased ROS formation and enhanced cell death. Additionally, CA and CA/Met evoked intracellular energetic stress, which was followed by activation of AMPK and the impairment of unsaturated FA de novo synthesis. In invasive HTB-35 cells, Met inhibited Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1α) and suppressed the expression of the proteins involved in the “Warburg effect”, such as glucose transporters (GLUT1, GLUT3) and regulatory enzymes of glycolytic pathway Hexokinase 2 (HK2), 6-Phosphofructo-2-Kinase/Fructose-2,6-Biphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4), Pyruvate Kinase (PKM) and Lactate Dehydrogenase A (LDH). Met suppressed the expression of c-Myc, BAX and cyclin-D1 (CCND1) and evoked apoptosis in HTB-35 cells. In conclusion, both small molecules CA and Met are capable of disrupting energy homeostasis, regulating oxidative metabolism/glycolysis in cervical tumor cells in regard to specific metabolic phenotype of the cells. CA and Met may provide a promising approach in the prevention of cervical cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Tyszka-Czochara
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Karolina Bukowska-Strakova
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Krakow, Poland.
| | | | - Marcin Majka
- Department of Department of Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Wielicka 258, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
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23
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Nayak S, Bhatt MLB, Goel MM, Gupta S, Mahdi AA, Mishra A, Mehrotra D. Tissue and serum expression of TGM-3 may be prognostic marker in patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma undergoing chemo-radiotherapy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199665. [PMID: 29953521 PMCID: PMC6023195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance is one of the main determinants of treatment outcome in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but its prediction is difficult. Several authors aimed to establish radioresistant OSCC cell lines to identify genes with altered expression in response to radioresistance. The development of OSCC is a multistep carcinogenic process that includes activation of several oncogenes and inactivation of tumour suppressor genes. TGM-3 is a tumour suppressor gene and contributes to carcinogenesis process. The aim of this study was to estimate serum and tissue expression of TGM-3 and its correlation with clinico-pathological factors and overall survival in patients of OSCC undergoing chemo-radiotherapy. Tissue expression was observed in formalin fixed tissue biopsies of 96 cases of OSCC and 32 healthy controls were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) by using antibody against TGM-3 and serum level was estimated by ELISA method. mRNA expression was determined by using Real-Time PCR. Patients were followed for 2 year for chemo radiotherapy response. In OSCC, 76.70% cases and in controls 90.62% were positive for TGM-3 IHC expression. TGM-3 expression was cytoplasmic and nuclear staining expressed in keratinized layer, stratum granulosum and stratum spinosum in controls and tumour cells. Mean serum TGM-3 in pre chemo-radiotherapy OSCC cases were 1304.83±573.55, post chemo-radiotherapy samples were 1530.64±669.33 and controls were 1869.16±1377.36, but difference was significant in pre chemo-radiotherapy samples as compared to controls (p<0.018). This finding was also confirmed by real- time PCR analysis in which down regulation (-7.92 fold change) of TGM-3 in OSCC as compared to controls. TGM-3 expression was significantly associated with response to chemo-radiotherapy treatment (p<0.007) and overall survival (p<0.015). Patents having higher level of TGM-3 expression have good response to chemo-radiotherapy and also have better overall survival. TGM-3 may serve as a candidate biomarker for responsiveness to chemo-radiotherapy treatment in OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Nayak
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M. L. B. Bhatt
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhu Mati Goel
- Department of Pathology, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Seema Gupta
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abbas Ali Mahdi
- Department of Biochemistry, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anupam Mishra
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Mehrotra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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24
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Nakashima C, Yamamoto K, Fujiwara‐Tani R, Luo Y, Matsushima S, Fujii K, Ohmori H, Sasahira T, Sasaki T, Kitadai Y, Kirita T, Kuniyasu H. Expression of cytosolic malic enzyme (ME1) is associated with disease progression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:2036-2045. [PMID: 29601126 PMCID: PMC5989842 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malic enzyme 1 (ME1) is a multifunctional protein involved in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, NADPH production, glutamine metabolism, and lipogenesis. It is overexpressed in various cancers. We examined the expression of ME1 in 119 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) using immunohistochemistry. Malic enzyme 1 expression was moderate to strong in 57 (48%) OSCCs and correlated with pT, pN, clinical stage, and histological grade. In 37 cases with prognostic evaluation, moderate to strong ME1 expression indicated a worse prognosis than did weak ME1 expression. Malic enzyme 1 knockdown or inactivation by lanthanide inhibited cell proliferation and motility and suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HSC3 human OSCC cells. Knockdown of ME1 also shifted energy metabolism from aerobic glycolysis and lactate fermentation to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and the redox status from reductive to oxidative. In a mouse tumor model, lanthanide suppressed tumor growth and increased survival time. These findings reveal that ME1 is a valid target for molecular therapy in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Nakashima
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | | | - Yi Luo
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Sayako Matsushima
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Tomonori Sasahira
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Yasuhiko Kitadai
- Department of Health and SciencePrefectural University of HiroshimaHiroshimaJapan
| | - Tadaaki Kirita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular PathologyNara Medical UniversityKashiharaJapan
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25
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Gu MM, Li M, Gao D, Liu LH, Lang Y, Yang SM, Ou H, Huang B, Zhou PK, Shang ZF. The vanillin derivative 6-bromine-5-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde induces aberrant mitotic progression and enhances radio-sensitivity accompanying suppression the expression of PLK1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 348:76-84. [PMID: 29679654 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common form of esophageal cancer in China. Since chemotherapy is the standard clinical intervention for advanced ESCC, the development of highly effective and minimal/non-toxic drugs is essential to improve the clinical outcome and prognosis of the patients. A novel derivative of vanillin, 6-bromine-5-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (BVAN08), has been recently reported to activate different cell death pathways in cancer cells. In this study, we demonstrate that BVAN08 exhibits a potent anti-proliferation effect on ESCC cells (TE-1 and ECA-109) by inhibiting the expression of PLK1, an important mitotic kinase. Consistent with this, BVAN08 induces mitotic arrest and chromosomal misalignment in ESCC cells. The disruption of microtubule nucleation around centrosomes is also observed in BVAN08 treated ESCC cells. Furthermore, BVAN08 enhances radio-sensitivity of ESCC cells by prolonging DNA damage repair. These findings underscore the potential value of BVAN08 in cancer therapeutics and demonstrate the underlying mechanism by which BVAN08 induces mitotic catastrophe and enhances radio-sensitivity in ESCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Dexuan Gao
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, PR China
| | - Lang-Huan Liu
- School of Public Heath, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Yue Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Si-Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Hongling Ou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing 100088, PR China
| | - Bo Huang
- School of Public Heath, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China.
| | - Zeng-Fu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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26
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Abstract
A hospital based case-control study was conducted to test the hypothesis of a lower lung cancer risk in G6PD-deficient subjects. Cases were 156 male patients with lung cancer, admitted to « Binaghi » Hospital, Local Health Unit (USL) 20, Cagliari (Italy), between January 1984 and November 1986. Controls were 235 male patients, admitted to the same hospital In the same time period, for diseases other than cancer (all types) and hemolytic anemia. No decrease of the lung cancer risk was found in G6PD-deficient subjects. This result, in line with recent reports in the literature, suggests that the genetic condition of G6PD deficiency does not provide significant protection against the development of lung cancer in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pisano
- Divisione di Chirurgia Toracica, Ospedale Binaghi, Cagliari, Italy
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27
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Unbekandt M, Belshaw S, Bower J, Clarke M, Cordes J, Crighton D, Croft DR, Drysdale MJ, Garnett MJ, Gill K, Gray C, Greenhalgh DA, Hall JAM, Konczal J, Lilla S, McArthur D, McConnell P, McDonald L, McGarry L, McKinnon H, McMenemy C, Mezna M, Morrice NA, Munro J, Naylor G, Rath N, Schüttelkopf AW, Sime M, Olson MF. Discovery of Potent and Selective MRCK Inhibitors with Therapeutic Effect on Skin Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 78:2096-2114. [PMID: 29382705 PMCID: PMC5901721 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The myotonic dystrophy-related Cdc42-binding kinases MRCKα and MRCKβ contribute to the regulation of actin-myosin cytoskeleton organization and dynamics, acting in concert with the Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases ROCK1 and ROCK2. The absence of highly potent and selective MRCK inhibitors has resulted in relatively little knowledge of the potential roles of these kinases in cancer. Here, we report the discovery of the azaindole compounds BDP8900 and BDP9066 as potent and selective MRCK inhibitors that reduce substrate phosphorylation, leading to morphologic changes in cancer cells along with inhibition of their motility and invasive character. In over 750 human cancer cell lines tested, BDP8900 and BDP9066 displayed consistent antiproliferative effects with greatest activity in hematologic cancer cells. Mass spectrometry identified MRCKα S1003 as an autophosphorylation site, enabling development of a phosphorylation-sensitive antibody tool to report on MRCKα status in tumor specimens. In a two-stage chemical carcinogenesis model of murine squamous cell carcinoma, topical treatments reduced MRCKα S1003 autophosphorylation and skin papilloma outgrowth. In parallel work, we validated a phospho-selective antibody with the capability to monitor drug pharmacodynamics. Taken together, our findings establish an important oncogenic role for MRCK in cancer, and they offer an initial preclinical proof of concept for MRCK inhibition as a valid therapeutic strategy.Significance: The development of selective small-molecule inhibitors of the Cdc42-binding MRCK kinases reveals their essential roles in cancer cell viability, migration, and invasive character. Cancer Res; 78(8); 2096-114. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Unbekandt
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Simone Belshaw
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Justin Bower
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Maeve Clarke
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline Cordes
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Diane Crighton
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel R Croft
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J Drysdale
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mathew J Garnett
- Translational Cancer Genomics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn Gill
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Gray
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - David A Greenhalgh
- Section of Dermatology and Molecular Carcinogenesis, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - James A M Hall
- Translational Cancer Genomics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Konczal
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sergio Lilla
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan McArthur
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia McConnell
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Laura McDonald
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn McGarry
- Screening Facility, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Heather McKinnon
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Carol McMenemy
- Section of Dermatology and Molecular Carcinogenesis, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mokdad Mezna
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas A Morrice
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - June Munro
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Naylor
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Rath
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mairi Sime
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Michael F Olson
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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28
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Leto G, Tumminello FM, Gebbia N, Bazan V, Tomasino RM, Dardanoni G, Russo A. Differential Expression Levels of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator and Cathepsin D in Locally Advanced Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Clinical Implications. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 16:245-9. [PMID: 11820719 DOI: 10.1177/172460080101600404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The expression levels and the prognostic impact of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and cathepsin D (CD) were evaluated in patients with locally advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). uPA and CD protein levels were determined by immunoluminometric or immunoenzymatic assays in the cytosol of paired sets of tumor tissues and corresponding adjacent normal mucosa (NLM) from 57 patients with stage III/IV LSCC and were correlated with a number of clinicobiological parameters of this tumor including anatomical site, tumor grade, nodal status, clinical stage, DNA ploidy, proliferation rate, and patient outcome. Median uPA levels were significantly higher in LSCC than in NLM (1.8 ng/mg of protein vs 0.3 ng/mg; p<0.001) whereas median CD levels were not significantly increased in tumor tissue compared to NLM (24 pmol/mg vs 19 pmol/mg, p=0.063). No significant correlation was observed between uPA and CD concentrations in tumor tissues (r=-0.1; p=0.4). Furthermore, the distribution analysis of uPA and CD in tumors showed no correlation between expression levels of these proteinases and the parameters mentioned above including patient outcome. However, when data were matched according to each parameter examined it was observed that the differences in uPA content between LSCC and NLM, expressed as uPA tumor/normal tissue ratio (T/M), were more marked in clinically advanced and/or aggressive forms of LSCC (i.e., node positive, stage IV, poorly and moderately differentated, aneuploid multiclonal, low S-phase, subglottis tumors). These data suggest that in such tumors altered regulation of uPA may occur to a greater extent than in less aggressive and less advanced forms of LSCC. This phenomenon was not observed for CD. However, in tumors with a high proliferation rate, in stage IV tumors as well as in those located in the supraglottis, CD levels were significantly higher than those found in the corresponding NLM (p=0.008, p=0.02 and p=0.03, respectively). In conclusion, uPA is highly expressed in locally advanced LSCC and appears to be implicated in some key events of progression of this tumor such as local invasion and/or nodal involvement, whereas CD does not seem to have a role in promoting these processes. Nevetheless, neither of these proteinases seem to be prognostically useful in patients with stage III/IV tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Leto
- Laboratory of Chemotherapy and Tumor Markers, Regional Reference Center for Biomolecular Characterization of Neoplasms and Genetic Screening of Hereditary Tumors, Palermo, Italy.
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29
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Vittal K, Pandian SS, Joseph LD, Raj SG. Immunohistochemical expression of polo-like kinase 1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral submucous fibrosis. Indian J Dent Res 2018; 29:171-175. [PMID: 29652009 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_59_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a critical molecule in the proliferation of several human cancers. Overexpression of PLK1 has been correlated with cancer cell proliferation and lower overall survival rates. Although PLK1 has been studied in various tumors, information regarding its expression in oral cancer and precancer is limited. Aims: This study is aimed at evaluating the expression of PLK1 in a potentially malignant and malignant disorder of the oral cavity, namely, oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), respectively, using the immunohistochemistry technique. It also intended to evaluate the association of the various histological grades of OSCC with the intensity of PLK1 expression. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Thirty OSMF, thirty OSCC tissues, and thirty control tissues were obtained, and the expression of PLK1 was detected by immunohistochemistry using rabbit antihuman PLK1 polyclonal antibodies (Abcam Ab47867). The association between staining intensity and histological grade of OSCC was evaluated. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Using SPSS 20 version, a test for proportions, nonparametric Chi-square/correlation analysis was used to compare differences in proportions of categorical variables of interest between groups. Results: PLK1 was positively expressed in 27 (90%) OSCC tissues. OSMF showed no detectable staining in 27 (90%) tissues and positive staining in 3 (10%) tissues. PLK1 showed no staining (0%) in normal tissues. Statistically significant associations were not found between staining intensity and histological grade of OSCC. CONCLUSIONS PLK1 could be a promising progression marker for OSCC. Therapeutically, targeting PLK1 may be a new approach to fight oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Vittal
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Leena Dennis Joseph
- Department of General Pathology, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shilpa Germaine Raj
- Department of Pathology, Tagore Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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30
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Ruibal A, Nuñez MI, Rodríguez J, Jiménez L, del Rio MC, Zapatero J. Cytosolic Levels of Neuron-Specific Enolase in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Lung. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 18:188-94. [PMID: 14535589 DOI: 10.1177/172460080301800306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To study the behavior and possible correlations of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) with other clinicobiological parameters, we measured the cytosolic levels of this marker by means of an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) in 95 squamous cell lung carcinoma samples. We also analyzed the levels of pS2, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), hyaluronic acid (HA), free beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG), CYFRA 21.1 and CA 125 in cytosol. On the cell surface we analyzed the concentrations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HA, erbB-2 oncoprotein, CD44s, CD44v5 and CD44v6. Other parameters considered were clinical stage, lymph node involvement, histological grade (HG), ploidy and the cellular S-phase fraction measured by flow cytometry on nuclei obtained from fresh tissues. In the 95 squamous cell carcinomas the cytosolic levels of NSE varied from 4.5 to 2235 ng/mg protein (median: 267) and were significantly higher (p<0.001) than those observed in 38 samples of normal pulmonary tissue obtained from the same patients (range: 56–657; median: 141.5). When classifying tumors according to the different parameters analyzed, we observed that the levels of NSE were higher in aneuploid than in diploid cases (p=0.046) and in those that were HG3 than in those that were HG2 (p<0.001). Tumors with high NSE levels (>422 ng/mg protein; 75th percentile) were more likely to have high S-phase values (p=0.012) and were more frequently aneuploid (p=0.038) and HG3 (p<0.001) than those with low levels of NSE (<180 ng/mg protein; 25th percentile). These results lead us to the following conclusions: 1) the cytosolic concentrations of NSE are significantly higher in squamous cell carcinomas than in healthy pulmonary tissue, and 2) the cytosolic concentrations of NSE are not correlated with clinical stage or nodal involvement. However, in our study higher levels of the enzyme were statistically correlated with aneuploidy, histological grade 3 and S-phase. This may explain its association with poorer outcome and progression, but also the more favorable response of tumors with elevated NSE to chemotherapy, as suggested by other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ruibal
- Nuclear Medicine Service, University Hospital, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Kumagai Y, Tachikawa T, Higashi M, Sobajima J, Takahashi A, Amano K, Fukuchi M, Ishibashi KI, Mochiki E, Yakabi K, Tamaru JI, Ishida H. Thymidine phosphorylase and angiogenesis in early stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Esophagus 2018; 15:19-26. [PMID: 29892805 DOI: 10.1007/s10388-017-0588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between thymidine phosphorylase (TP) and angiogenesis at the early stage of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma has been unclear. METHODS Using 14 samples of normal squamous epithelium, 11 samples of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and 64 samples of superficial esophageal cancer, microvessel density (MVD) was estimated using immunostaining for CD34 and CD105. TP expression was also evaluated in both cancer cells and stromal monocytic cells (SMCs). We then investigated the correlation between MVD and TP expression in both cancer cells and SMCs. RESULTS On the basis of the above parameters, MVD was significantly higher in cancerous lesions than in normal squamous epithelium. In terms of CD34 and CD105 expression, MVD showed a gradual increase from normal squamous epithelium, to low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and then to M1 and M2 cancer, and M3 or deeper cancer. M1 and M2 cancer showed overexpression of TP in both cancer cells and SMCs. There was no significant correlation between TP expression in cancer cells and MVD estimated from CD34 (rS = 0.16, P = 0.21) or CD105 (rS = 0.05, P = 0.68) expression. Significant correlations were found between TP expression in SMCs and CD34-related (rS = 0.46, P < 0.001) and CD105-related (rS = 0.34, P < 0.01) MVD. In M3 or deeper cancers, there were no significant correlations between TP expression in cancer cells or SMCs and venous invasion, lymphatic invasion, and lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION TP expression is activated in both cancer cells and stromal monocytic cells at the very early stage of ESCC progression. TP expression in SMCs, rather than in cancer cells, is significantly correlated with angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youichi Kumagai
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan.
| | - Tetsuhiko Tachikawa
- Division of Molecular Diagnosis and Cancer Prevention, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Morihiro Higashi
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jun Sobajima
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Akemi Takahashi
- Division of Molecular Diagnosis and Cancer Prevention, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Amano
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Minoru Fukuchi
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichiro Ishibashi
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Erito Mochiki
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Koji Yakabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Tamaru
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ishida
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
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Stanciu AE, Zamfir-Chiru-Anton A, Stanciu MM, Popescu CR, Gheorghe DC. Serum Level of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Lab 2017; 62:1569-1574. [PMID: 28164611 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2016.160139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is characterized by the upregulation of a large number of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The aim of the study was to investigate the level of MMP-9 in the sera of HNSCC patients and its relationship to clinicopathological features. METHODS Serum samples from sixty-five patients (56M/9F, 59.11 ± 9.02 years) with HNSCC were quantitatively measured by ELISA assay, before and two days after surgery. Forty healthy volunteers served as controls (29M/ 11F, 56.21 ± 12.13 years). RESULTS Median serum concentrations of MMP-9 were consistently upregulated in HNSCC patients both preoperatively (1593.0 ng/mL, IQR: 833.0 - 1942.0 ng/mL) and postoperatively (1382.0 ng/mL, IQR: 778.6 - 2062.0 ng/mL) in comparison to healthy controls (291.3 ng/mL, IQR: 223.8 - 330.5 ng/mL) (p < 0.001). Pretreatment levels of MMP-9 were related to the size of primary tumor (p = 0.018) and lymph node involvement (p = 0.045). No statistically significant association was found between serum MMP-9 concentrations and clinical stage or degree of differentiation of the tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS Serum MMP-9 level could be used as a diagnostic tool for early detection of HNSCC and for determining prognosis. Moreover, our results suggest that MMP-9 might be a good marker in evaluating the size of the primary tumor and lymph node involvement. Further studies are needed to show whether MMP-9 could serve as a marker for recurrence.
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Sasabe E, Tomomura A, Tomita R, Sento S, Kitamura N, Yamamoto T. Ephrin-B2 reverse signaling regulates progression and lymph node metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188965. [PMID: 29190834 PMCID: PMC5708812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck and frequently metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes. Aggressive local invasion and metastasis of OSCC are significant factors for poor prognosis. In this study, we investigated whether ephrin-B2 expressed in OSCC contributed to tumor progression and lymph node metastasis. Clinical specimens from patients with OSCC had robust ephrin-B2-positive tumor cells and ephrin-B2 protein level was associated with clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor survival outcomes. We also determined that ephrin-B2 protein level was increased in OSCC cell lines compared to normal human oral keratinocytes and that its levels were associated with the migratory and invasive potential of OSCC cell lines. Transfection of an EFNB2-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) into SAS-L1 cells significantly reduced proliferation, attachment, migration, and invasion through phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor, FAK, ERK1/2, p38, AKT, and JNK1/2 pathways. Furthermore, knockdown of EFNB2 significantly suppressed adhesion and transmigration of SAS-L1 cells toward human lymphatic endothelial cells. In addition, the growth rate of tumor xenografts and cervical lymph node metastases of OSCC were suppressed by local injection of EFNB2 siRNA. These results suggest that ephrin-B2 overexpression and activation of the ephrin-B2 reverse signaling pathway in tumor microenvironment in OSCC facilitates progression and lymph node metastasis via enhancement of malignant potential and interaction with surrounding cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Sasabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Ayumi Tomomura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi, Japan
| | - Riki Tomita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi, Japan
| | - Shinya Sento
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi, Japan
| | - Naoya Kitamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi, Japan
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Chang PY, Kuo TM, Chen PK, Lin YZ, Hua CH, Chen YC, Ko YC. Arecoline N-Oxide Upregulates Caspase-8 Expression in Oral Hyperplastic Lesions of Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:10197-10205. [PMID: 29092399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Areca nut is strongly associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) occurrence. Arecoline N-oxide (ANO), a metabolite of the areca alkaloid arecoline, exhibits an oral fibrotic effect in NOD/SCID mice. Caspase-8, a cysteine protease encoded by the CASP8 gene, is a central mediator in the extrinsic apoptotic pathway via death receptors. Deregulation of caspase-8 in OSCC has been reported. This study investigates the regulation of caspase-8 in ANO-induced oral squamous epithelial hyperplasia that represents the initial highly proliferative stage of oral carcinogenesis. CASP8 somatic mutations were identified from whole-exome sequencing of OSCC samples. Immunohistochemical staining showed upregulation of caspase-8 in ANO-induced hyperplasia of both NOD-SCID and C57BL/6 mice. Levels of expression of CASP8, APAF-1, BAX, and BAD increased in ANO-treated DOK cells. Co-localization of increased caspase-8 and PCNA levels was detected in ANO-induced hyperplastic lesions, whereas no co-localization among γ-H2A.X, caspase-3, and upregulated caspase-8 was observed. The findings indicate that upregulation of caspase-8 is involved in cell proliferation rather than apoptosis during the initial stage of ANO-mediated oral tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzer-Min Kuo
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital and China Medical University , Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ku Chen
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital and China Medical University , Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - You-Zhe Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Hua
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chien Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital and China Medical University , Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
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Clauditz TS, Böttcher A, Hanken H, Borgmann K, Sauter G, Wilczak W, Grob T, Münscher A. Prevalence of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) amplification in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 144:53-61. [PMID: 29022097 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2528-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND FGFR1 is a receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumor growth signaling, survival, and differentiation in many solid cancer types. There is growing evidence that FGFR1 amplification might predict therapy response to FGFR1 inhibitors in squamous cell lung cancers. To estimate the potential applicability of anti FGFR1 therapies in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, we studied patterns of FGFR1 amplification using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). MATERIALS AND METHODS A tissue microarray was constructed from 453 primary treatment-naive squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck regions with histopathological and clinical follow-up data [including oral cavity (n = 222), oropharynx (n = 126), and larynx (n = 105)]. FGFR1 and centromere 8 copy numbers were assessed by dual-color FISH. FGFR1 amplification was defined as a copy number ratio FGFR1: centromere 8 ≥ 2.0. HPV sequencing and p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) were applied to FGFR1-amplified cancers. RESULTS FISH analysis was successful in 297 (66%) of the 453 cancers. FGFR1 amplification was found in 6% of analyzable tumors, and was more frequent in tumors of the oral cavity (13/133 amplified, 10%), than cancers of other localizations (1/79 oropharynx, 4/85 larynx; p = 0.007 and 0.159, respectively). One out of 18 FGFR1 amplified cancers was HPV positive. No associations were found between FGFR1 amplification and tumor phenotype or p16 IHC. CONCLUSIONS Head and neck cancers are recurrently affected by FGFR1 amplification, with a predominance in cancers of the oral cavity. Finding only one HPV positive and FGFR1 amplified cancer argues against a causal relationship between HPV and FGFR1 amplifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Sebastian Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Arne Böttcher
- Department of Oto-, Rhino, Laryngology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henning Hanken
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Borgmann
- Department of Radiation-Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Grob
- Institute of Pathology, University Bern, Hochschulstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Münscher
- Department of Oto-, Rhino, Laryngology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Liu L, He Y, Ge G, Li L, Zhou P, Zhu Y, Tang H, Huang Y, Li W, Zhang L. Lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase as poor prognostic factors in lung cancer: A retrospective observational study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182168. [PMID: 28767733 PMCID: PMC5540491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Circulating molecules play important roles in lung cancer diagnosis. In addition, plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) have been shown to be closely related to tumor progression in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colonel cancer. However, the relationships between LDH and CK levels with metastasis occurrence and the survival status of lung cancer patients remain unclear. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A total of 1142 lung cancer patients were enrolled in this study and were separated into negative or positive groups, according to the plasma levels of CK or LDH. Patients in both groups were assessed for clinical characteristics, metastasis occurrence, and survival status. The Cox regression model was then introduced to confirm whether CK and LDH could act as independent factors for predicting a poor prognosis. RESULTS The results indicated that CK had a close relationship with bone (p < 0.05) and lymph node (p < 0.05) metastases. In addition, LDH was strongly related with bone (p < 0.05), adrenal gland (p < 0.05), and lymph node (p < 0.05) metastases. CK and LDH were also correlated with the survival status of the lung cancer patients (all p < 0.001). According to specific histological classification analysis, it was found that CK was closely related to the survival status of adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients, while LDH was only correlated with that of ADC patients. Cox regression analysis confirmed that CK and LDH could act as independent factors for predicting a poor prognosis in ADC but not SCC patients. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, our study confirmed the role of CK in metastasis occurrence and the survival status of lung cancer patients. In addition, it also demonstrated that CK and LDH could be used as independent factors to predict a poor prognosis in ADC patients. The identification of CK and LDH will play important roles in lung cancer diagnosis and poor outcome prediction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplantation Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ying He
- West China Medical School, Sichan University, Cheng Du, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ge Ge
- West China Medical School, Sichan University, Cheng Du, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Respiratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Cheng Du, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Respiratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Cheng Du, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yihan Zhu
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplantation Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huairong Tang
- Health Management Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Cheng Du, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Health Management Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Cheng Du, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Cheng Du, Sichuan Province, China
- * E-mail: (ZL); (WL)
| | - Li Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplantation Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- * E-mail: (ZL); (WL)
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Lim E, Wu CH, Moi SH, Lui MT, Yang CH, Yang CC. The expression of transglutaminase 2 (TG-2) in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance. J Chin Med Assoc 2017; 80:515-520. [PMID: 28676444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutamine has a very important role in the human body, including pH balance in an acidic environment, as well as supporting the TCA cycle in cancer cell growth. However, the expression of transglutaminase-2 (TG-2) in oral cancer growth related to renal function is unknown. Here we examined TG-2 and its expression as a prognostic tool. METHODS Fifty-six oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues were collected with the inclusion of tumor in any region of oral area, and patients with creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) results. The tissues were stained using immunohistochemistry (IHC) with a TG-2 antibody [N3C3], then observed under the microscope. The staining were calculated using Adobe Photoshop CS software and statistical analyses using SPSS ver. 21. RESULTS We found that TG-2 expression showed a significant difference in the expression levels between tumor and the adjacent groups without disease-free survival, disease-specific survival, and recurrence between, with p < 0.05. The average staining intensity with 25th percentile of TG-2 becomes a vital score for the diagnosis. Furthermore, our study demonstrates a good prognosis outcome if the intensity score showed a difference in TG-2 expression between the adjacent and tumor tissue. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first clinical study on TG-2 expression in OSCC, and it demonstrates that TG-2 can serve as a predictor of tumorigenesis and prognosis outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elva Lim
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Hsien Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sin-Hua Moi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Man-Tin Lui
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Hong Yang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Chieh Yang
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Yun H, Chen S, Chen Y, Liu Z. ERK expression and its correlation with STAT1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:45249-45258. [PMID: 28431406 PMCID: PMC5542183 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is one of leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Chaoshan region a high-risk region for esophageal cancer. Extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) usually play an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation. However, accumulating evidence has shown that the ERK was aberrantly expressed in cancers and correlated with STAT1 depression. RESULTS The activated ERK downregulates STAT1 expression in ESCC cell lines and U0126 increases expression of STAT1. Our immunohistochemistry result also confirms that the expression of ERK inversely correlated with that of STAT1 in ESCC tumors. In addition, a significantly higher expression of ERK/p-ERK was found in ESCC tissues in comparison with case-matched normal esophageal tissues (p < 0.05). Moreover, the immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that ERK expression was paralleled with the differentiation and clinical stage. In 74 patients with follow-up data, those with ERKlow tumors survived significantly longer than those with ERKhigh tumors (p = 0.04); patients with ERKlow/STAT1high tumors had the longest survival (p = 0.001). MATERIALS AND METHODS To investigate whether ERK can mediated STAT1 expression in ESCC, we used the MEK plasmid and U0126, a MEK inhibitor, to treat the cell. To further confirm our in-vitro study, we detected the ERK, p-ERK and STAT1 expression in 131 ESCC cases and 22 case-matched normal esophageal tissues adjacent to the tumors specimens. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide pathological evidence that ERK/p-ERK is negatively correlated with STAT1 in ESCC. Our data suggests that inhibition of ERK and/or restoration of STAT1 expression maybe useful therapeutic strategies for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hailong Yun
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shubiao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yelong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoyong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Liu PF, Hu YC, Kang BH, Tseng YK, Wu PC, Liang CC, Hou YY, Fu TY, Liou HH, Hsieh IC, Ger LP, Shu CW. Expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-3 in tumorigenesis and prognosis of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180620. [PMID: 28700659 PMCID: PMC5503265 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis plays a dual role in cancer development and malignancy. The role of apoptosis-related caspases in cancer remains controversial, particularly in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). In this study, we examined the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 on tissue microarrays consisting of samples from 246 OTSCC patients by immunohistochemistry. Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 in tumor tissues were significantly higher compared to those in adjacent normal tissues (all p<0.001). The expression level of caspase-8 in tumors was elevated in patients with lymph node invasion. Moreover, positive expression of cleaved caspase-3 was associated with shorter disease-free survival (DFS) in OTSCC patients with moderate differentiation and lymph node invasion. Combination of either positive cleaved caspase-3 or higher caspase-3 expression or both was associated with poor DFS. Interestingly, stratification analysis showed that co-expression levels of positive cleaved caspase-3 or/and higher caspase-3 were associated with better disease-specific survival in patients with advanced stages of the disease, such as large tumor size and lymph node invasion, whereas it was associated with poor DFS in OTSCC patients with moderate cell differentiation and small tumor size. Taken together, cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-3/8/9 could be biomarkers for tumorigenesis in OTSCC patients. The co-expression level of cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-3 might be a prognostic biomarker for OTSCC patients, particular in those patients with certain tumor stages and cell differentiation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Feng Liu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Hwang Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Tseng
- Department of Orthopedics, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Chuang Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chuang Liang
- Department of Nutrition, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yi Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ying Fu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Han Liou
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Chien Hsieh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Luo-Ping Ger
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CWS); (LPG)
| | - Chih-Wen Shu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CWS); (LPG)
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Zhou C, Huang C, Wang J, Huang H, Li J, Xie Q, Liu Y, Zhu J, Li Y, Zhang D, Zhu Q, Huang C. LncRNA MEG3 downregulation mediated by DNMT3b contributes to nickel malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells via modulating PHLPP1 transcription and HIF-1α translation. Oncogene 2017; 36:3878-3889. [PMID: 28263966 PMCID: PMC5525547 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key factors in various fundamental cellular biological processes, and many of them are likely to have functional roles in tumorigenesis. Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is an imprinted gene located at 14q32 that encodes a lncRNA, and the decreased MEG3 expression has been reported in multiple cancer tissues. However, nothing is known about the alteration and role of MEG3 in environmental carcinogen-induced lung tumorigenesis. Our present study, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, discovered that environmental carcinogen nickel exposure led to MEG3 downregulation, consequently initiating c-Jun-mediated PHLPP1 transcriptional inhibition and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein translation upregulation, in turn resulting in malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells. Mechanistically, MEG3 downregulation was attributed to nickel-induced promoter hypermethylation via elevating DNMT3b expression, whereas PHLPP1 transcriptional inhibition was due to the decreasing interaction of MEG3 with its inhibitory transcription factor c-Jun. Moreover, HIF-1α protein translation was upregulated via activating the Akt/p70S6K/S6 axis resultant from PHLPP1 inhibition in nickel responses. Collectively, we uncover that nickel exposure results in DNMT3b induction and MEG3 promoter hypermethylation and expression inhibition, further reduces its binding to c-Jun and in turn increasing c-Jun inhibition of PHLPP1 transcription, leading to the Akt/p70S6K/S6 axis activation, and HIF-1α protein translation, as well as malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells. Our studies provide a significant insight into understanding the alteration and role of MEG3 in nickel-induced lung tumorigenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/enzymology
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung
- Bronchi/pathology
- Carcinogens/toxicity
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/chemically induced
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/physiology
- Down-Regulation
- Epithelial Cells/enzymology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/enzymology
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Nickel/toxicity
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/genetics
- Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Biosynthesis
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- DNA Methyltransferase 3B
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfan Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology & Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Chao Huang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Haishan Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology & Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jingxia Li
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Qipeng Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology & Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Junlan Zhu
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Dongyun Zhang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Qixing Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology & Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
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Ge XQ, Yang YZ, Li SS, Hou L, Ren JL, Yang KP, Fa XE. No significant association between PIK3CA mutation and survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 37:462-468. [PMID: 28585132 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-017-1758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The prognostic value of phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is controversial. We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of PIK3CA mutation in patients with ESCC. EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched from inception through Oct. 3, 2016. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random effects model for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Seven studies enrolling 1505 patients were eligible for inclusion of the current meta-analysis. Results revealed that PIK3CA mutation was not significantly associated with OS (HR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.63-1.30, P=0.591), with a significant heterogeneity (I 2=65.7%, P=0.012). Additionally, subgroup analyses were further conducted according to various variables, such as types of specimen, the sample size, technique and statistical methodology. All results suggested that no significant relationship was found between PIK3CA mutation and OS in patients with ESCC. For DFS, there was no significant association between PIK3CA mutation and DFS in patients with ESCC (HR: 1.00, 95% CI=0.47-2.11, P=0.993, I 2=73.7%). Publication bias was not present and the results of sensitivity analysis were very stable in the current meta-analysis. Our findings suggest that PIK3CA mutation has no significant effects on OS and DFS in ESCC patients. More well-designed prospective studies with better methodology for PIK3CA assessment are required to clarify the prognostic significance of PIK3CA mutation in ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Yan-Zheng Yang
- Operating Room, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Sha-Sha Li
- Operating Room, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Lu Hou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Jing-Li Ren
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Kun-Peng Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Xian-En Fa
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, China.
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Lattanzio L, Denaro N, Vivenza D, Varamo C, Strola G, Fortunato M, Chamorey E, Comino A, Monteverde M, Lo Nigro C, Milano G, Merlano M. Elevated basal antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and high epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression predict favourable outcome in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer treated with cetuximab and radiotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:573-579. [PMID: 28197666 PMCID: PMC11029535 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-1960-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) may contribute to the antitumor activity of cetuximab. However, the extent of this contribution is unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of baseline ADCC on the outcome of patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma treated with cetuximab and radiotherapy. METHODS We determined baseline ADCC in 28 patients treated with cetuximab and radiotherapy and in 15 patients treated with chemoradiation. We linked the values observed with complete response and with overall survival. We also considered the role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and studied the combined effect of EGFR and ADCC. RESULTS We observed a wide range of baseline values of ADCC. Complete response did not correlate with either ADCC or EGFR expression. However, when ADCC and EGFR were considered together using a mixed score, they significantly correlated with achieving a complete response (p = 0.04). High baseline ADCC significantly correlated with outcome compared to low (p = 0.03), but not in patients treated without cetuximab. Patients showing high baseline levels of both ADCC and EGFR3+ achieved the best outcome compared to the others (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS In this study, patients treated with cetuximab and radiotherapy, showing high baseline of both ADCC and EGFR3+, have significant higher probability of achieving a complete response and a long overall survival compared to the others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lattanzio
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy.
| | - Nerina Denaro
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Daniela Vivenza
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Chiara Varamo
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Giuliana Strola
- Pathology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Mirella Fortunato
- Pathology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Comino
- Pathology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Martino Monteverde
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Cristiana Lo Nigro
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Gerard Milano
- Oncopharmacology Unit, Centre A. Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Marco Merlano
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce & Carle Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
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Zhang M, Singh R, Peng S, Mazumdar T, Sambandam V, Shen L, Tong P, Li L, Kalu NN, Pickering CR, Frederick M, Myers JN, Wang J, Johnson FM. Mutations of the LIM protein AJUBA mediate sensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma to treatment with cell-cycle inhibitors. Cancer Lett 2017; 392:71-82. [PMID: 28126323 PMCID: PMC5404895 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The genomic alterations identified in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumors have not resulted in any changes in clinical care, making the development of biomarker-driven targeted therapy for HNSCC a major translational gap in knowledge. To fill this gap, we used 59 molecularly characterized HNSCC cell lines and found that mutations of AJUBA, SMAD4 and RAS predicted sensitivity and resistance to treatment with inhibitors of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), checkpoint kinases 1 and 2, and WEE1. Inhibition or knockdown of PLK1 led to cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M transition and apoptosis in sensitive cell lines and decreased tumor growth in an orthotopic AJUBA-mutant HNSCC mouse model. AJUBA protein expression was undetectable in most AJUBA-mutant HNSCC cell lines, and total PLK1 and Bora protein expression were decreased. Exogenous expression of wild-type AJUBA in an AJUBA-mutant cell line partially rescued the phenotype of PLK1 inhibitor-induced apoptosis and decreased PLK1 substrate inhibition, suggesting a threshold effect in which higher drug doses are required to affect PLK1 substrate inhibition. PLK1 inhibition was an effective therapy for HNSCC in vitro and in vivo. However, biomarkers to guide such therapy are lacking. We identified AJUBA, SMAD4 and RAS mutations as potential candidate biomarkers of response of HNSCC to treatment with these mitotic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ratnakar Singh
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shaohua Peng
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tuhina Mazumdar
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vaishnavi Sambandam
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pan Tong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lerong Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nene N Kalu
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Curtis R Pickering
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mitchell Frederick
- Department of Otolaryngology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Myers
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Faye M Johnson
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Hou GX, Liu P, Yang J, Wen S. Mining expression and prognosis of topoisomerase isoforms in non-small-cell lung cancer by using Oncomine and Kaplan-Meier plotter. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174515. [PMID: 28355294 PMCID: PMC5371362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are essential to modulate DNA topology during various cellular genetic processes. The expression and distinct prognostic value of topoisomerase isoforms in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not well established. In the current study, we have examined the mRNA expression of topoisomerase isoforms by using Oncomine analysis and investigated their prognostic value via the Kaplan–Meier plotter database in NSCLC patients. Our analysis indicated that the expression level of topoisomerases in lung cancer was higher compared with normal tissues. Especially, high expression of two topoisomerase isoforms, TOP2A and TOP3A, was found to be correlated to worse overall survival (OS) in all NSCLC and lung adenocarcinoma (Ade) patients, but not in lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients. In a contrast, high expression of isoforms TOP1 and TOP2B indicated better OS in all NSCLC and Ade, but not in SCC patients. Meanwhile, high expression of TOP1MT and TOP3B was not correlated with OS in NSCLC patients. Furthermore, we also demonstrated a relationship between topoisomerase isoforms and the clinicopathological features for the NSCLC patients, such as grades, clinical stages, lymph node status, smoking status, gender, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. These results support that TOP2A and TOP3A are associated with worse prognosis in NSCLC patients. In addition, our study also shows that TOP1 and TOP2B contribute to favorable prognosis in NSCLC patients. The exact prognostic significance of TOP1MT and TOP3B need to be further elucidated. Comprehensive evaluation of expression and prognosis of topoisomerase isoforms will be a benefit for the better understanding of heterogeneity and complexity in the molecular biology of NSCLC, paving a way for more accurate prediction of prognosis and discovery of potential drug targets for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Xin Hou
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijun Wen
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Qin Y, Zhang Y, Tang Q, Jin L, Chen Y. SQLE induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by regulating of miR-133b in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:138-148. [PMID: 28069586 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmw127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs, which control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, are aberrantly expressed in cancers and play significant roles in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. In this study, we show differential miR-133b down-expression in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells and tissues. In addition, squalene epoxidase (SQLE), a key enzyme of cholesterol synthesis, is identified as the direct downstream target gene of miR-133b by luciferase gene reporter assay. Furthermore, ectogenic miR-133b expression and SQLE knockdown can inhibit proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, and diminish epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) traits of ESCC in vitro, implying that miR-133b-dependent SQLE can induce tumorigenicity and that SQLE is an EMT inducer. Xenograft experiment results also proved the biological function of SQLE in vivo. Therefore, we conclude that miR-133b-dependent SQLE plays a critical role in the potential metastasis mechanisms in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng 224001, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jimin Hospital, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Qinting Tang
- College of Nursing, Yancheng Vocational Institute of Health Sciences, Yancheng 224006, China
| | - Li Jin
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong'an Chen
- Department of Oncology, Jimin Hospital, Shanghai 200052, China
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46
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Rzechonek A, Kaminska A, Mamczur P, Drapiewski A, Budzynski W. Limited Clinical Significance of Dimeric Form of Pyruvate Kinase as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 2017; 955:51-57. [PMID: 27683215 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2016_92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism of tumor tissue differs from the normal one by the intensity of protein synthesis and glycolysis. The dimeric pyruvate kinase (PKM2) is a specific enzyme for tumor glycolysis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the activity of PKM2 and the type and stage of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A second objective was to compare the expression of PKM2 with disease progression and prognosis. We studied 65 patients divided into two groups: 45 patients with lung cancer and 20 non-cancer healthy subjects taken as control. The serum activity of PKM2 was assessed spectrophotometrically. We found that PKM2 activity was greater, on average, by 136 % for adenocarcinoma and for 126 % for squamous cell carcinoma compared with that present in control subjects. The higher PKM2 activity was associated only with Stage III of cancer (p < 0.001). Sensitivity of PKM2 as a cancer marker was 79 % for adenocarcinoma and 81 % for squamous cell carcinoma and specificity was 50 % for both cancer types. We conclude that PKM2 activity is higher in patients with NSCLC than in healthy subjects. The level of PKM2 activity is associated with advanced stage of cancer. Nonetheless, low specificity of PKM2 assessment makes it of limited utility in NSCLC diagnosis or evaluation of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Rzechonek
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, 105 Grabiszynska St., 53-439, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Lower Silesian Center for Lung Diseases, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Kaminska
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, 105 Grabiszynska St., 53-439, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Mamczur
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Wrocław University, 30 Cybulskiego St., Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Drapiewski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, 105 Grabiszynska St., 53-439, Wroclaw, Poland
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Abstract
Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common tumor in horses, and 40%-50% may occur in ocular and adnexal structures. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is an inducible enzyme responsible for the production of prostaglandins that control cell growth and the development and progression of cancer. Mechanisms responsible for the initial upregulation of COX-2 in neoplasia are unclear; prolonged sunlight exposure and mutations in the p53 gene may be possibilities. Because the etiopathogenesis of ocular SCC in horses may involve ultraviolet sunlight and p53 mutations, the purpose of this study was to characterize the immunoreactivity of COX-2 in these tumors. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression was found in 6 of 22 (27%) paraffin-embedded equine SCCs. Cyclooxygenase-2 immunoreactivity was associated with the mitotic index ( P < 0.001). Strategies to inhibit COX-2 by the use of topical or systemic COX-2 inhibitors might prove to be a safe and economical treatment in some horses with SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Rassnick
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
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Konig-Greger D, Riechelmann H, Wittich U, Gronau S. Genotype and Phenotype of Glutathione-S-Transferase in Patients with Head and Neck Carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 130:718-25. [PMID: 15195058 DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2003.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Association of glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) polymorphisms and cancer has been demonstrated. Possible underlying mechanisms and genotype-phenotype correlations are not adequately investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the GSTM1-null-genotype on the level of GSTM enzyme concentration and on the enzyme activity of GST in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). METHODS: We investigated in 83 patients and 91 healthy controls the GSTM1 polymorphisms, GSTM1 protein concentration, GSTM1 protein in tumor tissues, and total GST enzyme activity. RESULTS: Total GST enzyme activity was significantly lower in patients with HNC (208 ± 9 μmol/min1) than in controls (264 ± 11 μmol/min1, P < 0.0001) but did not depend on GSTM1-genotype ( P = 0.1). GSTM protein concentration in null-genotype patients (3.6 ± 2.5 μg/mL, mean ± SE) was significantly lower than in GSTM1 allele carriers (26.7 ± 9.6 μg/ml, P < 0.0001); GSTM protein expression did not depend on GSTM1-genotype ( P > 0.5). CONCLUSION: GST enzyme activity in patients with HNC is suppressed, indicating impaired detoxification capacity of tobacco-smoke-related carcinogens. This suppression is not correlated with the GSTM1-genotype. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004;130:718-25.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Diemut Konig-Greger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Ulm, Germany
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Daniel FI, Alves SR, Vieira DSC, Biz MT, Daniel IWBS, Modolo F. Immunohistochemical expression of DNA methyltransferases 1, 3a, and 3b in actinic cheilitis and lip squamous cell carcinomas. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 45:774-779. [PMID: 27159259 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes carried out by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), are important events in carcinogenesis. Although there are studies concerning to its expression in several cancer types, DNMTs expression pattern is not known in photoinduced lip carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunoexpression of DNMTs 1, 3a, and 3b in lip precancerous lesion (actinic cheilitis) and cancer. METHODS Thirty cases of actinic cheilitis (AC), thirty cases of lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), and twenty cases of non-neoplastic tissue (NNT) were selected for immunohistochemical investigation of DNMTs 1, 3a, and 3b. RESULTS Nuclear DNMT 1 immunoreactivity was significantly higher in the LSCC group (68.6%) compared with NNT (47%), and nuclear DNMT 3b was higher in LSCC (70.9%) than in NNT (37.9%) and in AC (44%). Only DNMT 3a showed both higher nuclear and cytoplasmic expression in AC (35.9% and 35.5%, respectively) than in NNT (4.4% and 16.1%, respectively) and LSCC (8.8% and 13.2%, respectively) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that DNMT 3a could play a key role in the methylation process of initial steps of UV carcinogenesis present in AC while DNMT 3b could be responsible for de novo methylation in already established lip cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe I Daniel
- Pathology Department and Dentistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | | | - Daniella S C Vieira
- Pathology Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Michelle T Biz
- Morphology Sciences Department and Dentistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Inah W B S Daniel
- Pediatrics Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Filipe Modolo
- Pathology Department and Dentistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Pal SK, Nguyen CTK, Morita KI, Miki Y, Kayamori K, Yamaguchi A, Sakamoto K. THBS1 is induced by TGFB1 in the cancer stroma and promotes invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 45:730-739. [PMID: 26850833 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND THBS1 (thrombospondin-1) is the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that affects diverse cellular activities. It constitutes the tumor stroma, but the role of THBS1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) development is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the relevance of THBS1 in the pathogenesis of OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of THBS1 was examined in 44 OSCC by immunohistochemical analysis and in 43 OSCC by cDNA microarray analysis. Cell culture experiments were conducted using human OSCC cell lines HSC3 and HO1N1 and mouse fibroblast ST2 cells to examine the effect of TGFB1 on THBS1 expression, and the effect of THBS1 on cellular behaviors. RESULTS THBS1 was specifically induced in the tumor microenvironment of OSCC. THBS1 appeared to be produced mainly by the stromal cells, but also by OSCC cells. TGFB1 stimulated THBS1 expression in ST2, primary fibroblasts, and the OSCC cells. THBS1 promoted migration and invasion of HSC3 and HO1N1 in transwell migration assays. THBS1 stimulated the expression of MMP3 (matrix metalloprotease 3), MMP9, MMP11, and MMP13 in ST2 cells and MMP3, MMP11, and MMP13 in HO1N1 cells. The RGD peptide suppressed the THBS1-stimulated migration and upregulation of MMP11 and MMP13. CONCLUSIONS THBS1 is a tumor-specific ECM protein that is induced by TGFB1 and promotes migration of cancer cells and stimulates the expression of MMPs partly through the integrin signaling, thereby favoring OSCC invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chi Thi Kim Nguyen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Morita
- Department of Oral Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Miki
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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