1
|
Tzorakoleftheraki SE, Koletsa T. The Complex Role of Mast Cells in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1173. [PMID: 39064602 PMCID: PMC11279237 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60071173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous malignancy influenced by various genetic and environmental factors. Mast cells (MCs), typically associated with allergic responses, have recently emerged as key regulators of the HNSCC tumor microenvironment (TME). This systematic review explores the role of MCs in HNSCC pathogenesis and their potential as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus and ClinicalTrials.gov databases until 31 December 2023, using "Mast cells" AND "Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma" as search terms. Studies in English which reported on MCs and HNSCC were included. Screening, data extraction and analysis followed PRISMA guidelines. No new experiments were conducted. Results: Out of 201 articles, 52 studies met the inclusion criteria, 43 of which were published between 2020 and 2023. A total of 28821 HNSCC and 9570 non-cancerous tissue samples had been examined. MC density and activation varied among normal tissues and HNSCC. Genetic alterations associated with MCs were identified, with specific gene expressions correlating with prognosis. Prognostic gene signatures associated with MC density were established. Conclusions: MCs have arisen as multifaceted TME modulators, impacting various aspects of HNSCC development and progression. Possible site-specific or HPV-related differences in MC density and activation should be further elucidated. Despite conflicting findings on their prognostic role, MCs represent promising targets for novel therapeutic strategies, necessitating further research and clinical validation for personalized HNSCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Triantafyllia Koletsa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ladjevac N, Milovanovic M, Jevtovic A, Arsenijevic D, Stojanovic B, Dimitrijevic Stojanovic M, Stojanovic B, Arsenijevic N, Arsenijevic A, Milovanovic J. The Role of IL-17 in the Pathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9874. [PMID: 37373022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the inflammatory mechanisms underlying formation and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is crucial for discovering new targeted therapeutics. The proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 has proven roles in tumor formation, growth, and metastasis. The presence of IL-17 is demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo models, and in OSCC patients, is mostly accompanied by enhanced proliferation and invasiveness of cancer cells. Here we review the known facts regarding the role of IL-17 in OSCC pathogenesis, namely the IL-17 mediated production of proinflammatory mediators that mobilize and activate myeloid cells with suppressive and proangiogenic activities and proliferative signals that directly induce proliferation of cancer cells and stem cells. The possibility of a potential IL-17 blockade in OSCC therapy is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Ladjevac
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital Uzice, 31000 Uzice, Serbia
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marija Milovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Andra Jevtovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dragana Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Bojana Stojanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milica Dimitrijevic Stojanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Bojan Stojanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Histology end Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mikkola T, Almahmoudi R, Salo T, Al-Samadi A. Variable roles of interleukin-17F in different cancers. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:54. [PMID: 35012470 PMCID: PMC8751330 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-17 family is a group of six cytokines that plays a central role in inflammatory processes and participates in cancer progression. Interleukin-17A has been shown to have mainly a protumorigenic role, but the other members of the IL-17 family, including IL-17F, have received less attention. METHODS We applied systematic review guidelines to study the role of IL-17F, protein and mRNA expression, polymorphisms, and functions, in cancer. We carried out a systematic search in PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane libraries, yielding 79 articles that met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS The findings indicated that IL-17F has both anti- and protumorigenic roles, which depend on cancer type and the molecular form and location of IL-17F. As an example, the presence of IL-17F protein in tumor tissue and patient serum has a protective role in oral and pancreatic cancers, whereas it is protumorigenic in prostate and bladder cancers. These effects are proposed to be based on multiple mechanisms, such as inhibition of angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry and cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and aggravating the inflammatory process. No solid evidence emerged for the correlation between IL-17F polymorphisms and cancer incidence or patients' prognosis. CONCLUSION IL-17F is a multifaceted cytokine. There is a clear demand for more well-designed studies of IL-17F to elucidate its molecular mechanisms in different types of cancer. The studies presented in this article examined a variety of different designs, study populations and primary/secondary outcomes, which unfortunately reduces the value of direct interstudy comparisons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Mikkola
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, C223b, P.O. Box 63 (Haartmaninkatu 8), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Programme (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rabeia Almahmoudi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, C223b, P.O. Box 63 (Haartmaninkatu 8), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Programme (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, C223b, P.O. Box 63 (Haartmaninkatu 8), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Programme (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- HUS, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahmed Al-Samadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, C223b, P.O. Box 63 (Haartmaninkatu 8), 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- Translational Immunology Research Programme (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Almahmoudi R, Salem A, Hadler-Olsen E, Svineng G, Salo T, Al-Samadi A. The effect of interleukin-17F on vasculogenic mimicry in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2223-2232. [PMID: 33743555 PMCID: PMC8177764 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is characterized by early metastasis and poor prognosis. Recently, we reported that extracellular interleukin-17F (IL-17F) correlates with better disease-specific survival in OTSCC patients and has promising anticancer effects in vitro. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is the formation of an alternative vasculogenic system by aggressive tumor cells, which is implicated in treatment failure and poor survival of cancer patients. We sought to confirm the formation of VM in OTSCC and to investigate the effect of IL-17F on VM formation. Here, we showed that highly invasive OTSCC cells (HSC-3 and SAS) form tube-like VM on Matrigel similar to those formed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Interestingly, the less invasive cells (SCC-25) did not form any VM structures. Droplet-digital PCR, FACS, and immunofluorescence staining revealed the presence of CD31 mRNA and protein in OTSCC cells. Additionally, in a mouse orthotopic model, HSC-3 cells expressed VE-cadherin (CD144) but lacked Von Willebrand Factor. We identified different patterns of VM structures in patient samples and in an orthotopic OTSCC mouse model. Similar to the effect produced by the antiangiogenic drug sorafenib, IL-17F inhibited the formation of VM structures in vitro by HSC-3 and reduced almost all VM-related parameters. In conclusion, our findings indicate the presence of VM in OTSCC and the antitumorigenic effect of IL-17F through its effect on the VM. Therefore, targeting IL-17F or its regulatory pathways may lead to promising therapeutic strategies in patients with OTSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabeia Almahmoudi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Abdelhakim Salem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elin Hadler-Olsen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,The Public Dental Health Service Competence Center of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gunbjørg Svineng
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahmed Al-Samadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang GZ, Wu QQ, Zheng ZN, Shao TR, Li F, Lu XY, Ye HY, Chen GX, Song YX, Zeng WS, Ai YL, Lv XZ. Bioinformatics Analyses Indicate That Cathepsin G (CTSG) is a Potential Immune-Related Biomarker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:1275-1289. [PMID: 33658795 PMCID: PMC7920606 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s293148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Plenty of studies showed that the immune system was associated with cancer initiation and progression. This study aimed to explore the prognostic biomarkers from immune-related genes (IRGs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods RNA-seq data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and IRGs and transcription factors (TFs) were extracted. Then, the co-expression network between IRGs and TFs was constructed using the "WGCNA" package in R software. Furthermore, a gene expression signature according to IRGs was constructed to predict OSCC prognosis and its accuracy was validated by survival analysis. Subsequently, correlation analyses between risk-score and immune cells level and clinical parameters were performed. Finally, immune-related biomarkers were selected and further investigated using gain-of-function assays in vitro. Results A total of 32 normal cases and 317 OSCC cases were selected in our study. Differentially-expressed analysis indicated that there were 381 differentially-expressed IRGs and 62 TFs in OSCC. Among them, 25 TFs and 21 IRGs were enrolled in the co-expression network. Furthermore, we found that gene expression signature on the basis of 10 IRGs could predict the prognosis accurately and a high-risk score based on gene expression signature meant a high T classification, terminal clinical stage, and low immune cells level in OSCC. Finally, cathepsin G (CTSG) was identified as a potential immune-related biomarker and therapeutic target in OSCC. Conclusion In conclusion, IRGs were directly involved in the development and progression of OSCC. Furthermore, CTSG was identified as a potential independent biomarker and might be an immunotherapeutic target in OSCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Zhao Huang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Qing Wu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Nan Zheng
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ru Shao
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yan Lu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng-Yu Ye
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao-Xiang Chen
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xing Song
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Sen Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Long Ai
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Zhi Lv
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sieviläinen M, Wirsing AM, Hyytiäinen A, Almahmoudi R, Rodrigues P, Bjerkli IH, Åström P, Toppila-Salmi S, Paavonen T, Coletta RD, Hadler-Olsen E, Salo T, Al-Samadi A. Evaluation Challenges in the Validation of B7-H3 as Oral Tongue Cancer Prognosticator. Head Neck Pathol 2020; 15:469-478. [PMID: 32959211 PMCID: PMC8134649 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-020-01222-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
B7-H3 was the only molecule identified with prognostic potential from a recent systematic review of the prognostic value of immune checkpoints in oral cancer. We aimed to validate this finding in a multicenter international cohort. We retrospectively retrieved 323 oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) samples from three different countries (Brazil, Finland, and Norway) for immunostaining and scoring for B7-H3. We evaluated tumor immunogenicity by analyzing the amount of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and divided the tumors into immune hot and cold. To increase the reliability of the results, both digital and manual visual scoring were used. Survival curves were constructed based on the Kaplan-Meier method, and the Cox proportional hazard model was utilized for univariate and multivariate survival analysis. B7-H3 expression was not significantly associated with overall or disease-specific survival in the whole OTSCC cohort. When divided into immune hot and cold tumors, high B7-H3 expression was significantly associated with poor disease-specific and overall survival in the immune hot group, depending on the scoring method and the country of the cohort. This was achieved only in the univariate analysis. In conclusion, B7-H3 was a negative prognosticator for OTSCC patient survival in the subgroup of immune hot tumors, and was not validated as a prognosticator in the full cohort. Our findings suggest that the immune activity of the tumor should be considered when testing immune checkpoints as biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meri Sieviläinen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Translational Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Maria Wirsing
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Aini Hyytiäinen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Translational Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rabeia Almahmoudi
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Translational Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Priscila Rodrigues
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland ,grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Inger-Heidi Bjerkli
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway ,grid.412244.50000 0004 4689 5540Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pirjo Åström
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland ,grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sanna Toppila-Salmi
- grid.15485.3d0000 0000 9950 5666Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Paavonen
- grid.412330.70000 0004 0628 2985Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and Fimlab laboratories, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ricardo D. Coletta
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elin Hadler-Olsen
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway ,The Public Dental Health Competence Center of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tuula Salo
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Translational Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland ,grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland ,grid.15485.3d0000 0000 9950 5666University of Helsinki Central hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahmed Al-Samadi
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Translational Immunology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Salem A, Salo T. Nothing to sneeze at: Histamine and histamine receptors in oral carcinogenesis. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1090-1096. [PMID: 32395857 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common oral malignancy, shows an increasing rate of incidence worldwide. In spite of the recent advances in cancer research, OSCC therapy continues to have unfavourable outcomes, and thus, patient's prognosis remains relatively poor. Current research has been devoted to identifying novel therapeutic targets also in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Histamine and its G-protein-coupled receptors (H1R-H4R) play vital roles in multiple cancer-associated processes in TME, where histamine is mainly produced by mast cells. However, oral epithelial cells were recently shown to produce low concentrations of histamine in autocrine and paracrine modes. These findings, together with the discovery of the high-affinity histamine H4 receptor, have led to a massive increase in our understanding of histamine functions. In this review, we aim to summarize the most recent findings regarding histamine and its receptors and their involvement in oral carcinogenesis-from oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) to invasive OSCC. Importantly, histamine receptors are differentially expressed in OPMDs and OSCC. Furthermore, H1R and H4R are associated with clinicopathological characteristics of OSCC patients, suggesting a role in prognosis. Due to the enormous success of histamine-based medications, histamine receptors may also represent promising and viable drug targets in oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Salem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), Research Program Unit (RPU), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), Research Program Unit (RPU), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ferreira N, Mesquita I, Baltazar F, Silvestre R, Granja S. IL-17A and IL-17F orchestrate macrophages to promote lung cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 43:643-654. [PMID: 32227296 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00510-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previously, inflammation has been found to be associated with the development of lung cancer. Despite their well-characterized pro-inflammatory functions, the putative roles of interleukin-17 (IL-17) cytokine family members in tumorigenesis have remained controversial. While IL-17A exhibits both pro- and anti-tumor effects, IL-17F has been suggested to serve as a candidate for cancer therapy. Thus, we aimed at clarifying the involvement of IL-17A/F in lung cancer. METHODS IL-17 receptor expression in human and murine lung cancer cells was assessed using immunofluorescence. The effect of IL-17A/F stimulation on lung cancer cell viability (SRB assay) and metabolism (glucose consumption and lactate production) was evaluated under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Characterization of IL-17A/F-stimulated macrophages was performed by flow cytometry and ELISA. The effect of conditioned media (CM) from IL-17A/F-stimulated macrophages was evaluated on lung cancer cell migration. The effect of CM-stimulated macrophages on lung tumor growth, proliferation and angiogenesis was evaluated in vivo using a chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. RESULTS No alterations in lung cancer cell viability or metabolism were observed upon direct stimulation with IL-17A/F. We found, however, that CM from IL-17A/F-stimulated macrophages promoted both murine and human lung cancer cell progression through an increased migration capacity in vitro and enhanced in vivo tumor growth, proliferation and angiogenesis. These findings were supported by an increased polarization of human macrophages towards a M2-like phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that IL-17A/F act through immune cell orchestration, i.e., of macrophages, to promote lung cancer cell growth and progression. In addition, our data provide a link between IL-17A/F activity and lung cancer cell-macrophage crosstalk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Ferreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Inês Mesquita
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Silvestre
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal. .,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Sara Granja
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal. .,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Interleukin-17F Has Anti-Tumor Effects in Oral Tongue Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050650. [PMID: 31083515 PMCID: PMC6562684 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently showed that extracellular interleukin-17F (IL-17F) correlates with better disease-specific survival in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) patients. However, the underlying mechanisms of such effect remain obscure. Here, we used qRT-PCR to assess the expression of IL-17F and its receptors (IL-17RA and IL-17RC) in two OTSCC cell lines (HSC-3 and SCC-25) and in normal human oral keratinocytes (HOKs). IL-17F effects on cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were studied using a live-imaging IncuCyte system, and a Caspase-3/7 reagent was used for testing apoptosis. 3D tumor spheroids were utilized to assess the impact of IL-17F on invasion with or without cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Tube-formation assays were used to examine the effects of IL-17F on angiogenesis using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). OTSCC cells express low levels of IL-17F, IL-17RA, and IL-17RC mRNA compared with HOKs. IL-17F inhibited cell proliferation and random migration of highly invasive HSC-3 cells. CAFs promoted OTSCC invasion in tumor spheroids, whereas IL-17F eliminated such effect. IL-17F suppressed HUVEC tube formation in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, we suggest that IL-17F counteracts the pro-tumorigenic activity in OTSCC. Due to its downregulation in tumor cells and inhibitory activity in in vitro cancer models, targeting IL-17F or its regulatory pathways could lead to promising immunotherapeutic strategies against OTSCC.
Collapse
|
10
|
Salem A, Almahmoudi R, Hagström J, Stark H, Nordström D, Salo T, Eklund KK. Human β-Defensin 2 Expression in Oral Epithelium: Potential Therapeutic Targets in Oral Lichen Planus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071780. [PMID: 30974892 PMCID: PMC6479702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human β-defensin 2 (hBD-2) is a potent antimicrobial peptide that participates in defense against invading bacteria. We recently showed that bacterial components and histamine, through histamine H4 receptor (H4R), are involved in the pathogenesis of the potentially malignant lesion, oral lichen planus (OLP). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We, therefore, investigated the role of hBD2–histamine crosstalk signaling in promoting OLP pathology. Biopsies from OLP and oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) patients, and healthy controls were used. Two OTSCC cell lines and normal human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) were used. HBD-2 and other targets were mapped by immunostaining and analyzed by ImageJ2 software. The highly sensitive droplet-digital PCR technology and qRT-PCR were utilized to study the clinically derived and in vitro samples, respectively. H4R was challenged with the specific agonist HST-10 and inverse agonist ST-1007. HBD-2 was highly induced in OLP lesions. In contrast, hBD2 expression was attenuated in OTSCC tissues, while very low levels of hBD-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) were observed in OTSCC cells. Together with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), histamine upregulated hBD-2 mRNA expression in HOKs. Activation of H4R seems to modulate the expression of epithelial hBD-2. These findings suggest the involvement of hBD-2 in the pathogenesis of OLP and may, thus, be harnessed for therapeutic interventions in OLP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Salem
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Rabeia Almahmoudi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland and Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Dan Nordström
- Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University and Helsinki Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Tuula Salo
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
- Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland.
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Kari K Eklund
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University and Helsinki Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Rheumatology, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, and Orton Orthopedic Hospital and Research Institute, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|