1
|
Donninger H, Hobbing K, Arteel GE, Clark GJ. NORE1A loss promotes MASLD/MASH. Transgenic Res 2024:10.1007/s11248-024-00407-8. [PMID: 39251552 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00407-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
NORE1A (RASSF5) is a tumor suppressor that is frequently down-regulated in liver tumors. It is an upstream component of the HIPPO pathway, a key regulator of liver development and metabolism. HIPPO disruption can lead to the development of MASLD/MASH. While studying the phenotype of NORE1A knockout mice, we noticed that they exhibit no overt liver tumor phenotype, but have a strong propensity to develop fatty livers characteristic of MASLD/MASH. Additionally, knockdown of NORE1A in liver cells upregulates sterol regulator element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), whose deregulation is central to the development MASLD. Examination of primary human MASLD samples showed an inverse correlation between the expression of NORE1A protein and TAZ, a downstream effector of the HIPPO pathway. Thus, loss of NORE1A expression may contribute to the development of MASLD/MASH in humans and NORE1A knockout mice may provide a new MASLD/MASH model that more accurately mimics the human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Howard Donninger
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Katherine Hobbing
- Deptartment of Pharmacology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Gavin E Arteel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Geoffrey J Clark
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Geoffrey J Clark, 417, CTRB, 505 S. Hancock St., Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rabaan AA, Al-Ahmed SH, Bazzi AM, Alfouzan WA, Alsuliman SA, Aldrazi FA, Haque S. Overview of hepatitis C infection, molecular biology, and new treatment. J Infect Public Health 2019; 13:773-783. [PMID: 31870632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization estimates that 71 million people worldwide have chronic hepatitis C viral infection. A major challenge is overall lack of public awareness of hepatitis C, particularly among infected people of their infection status. Chronic hepatitis C infection is associated with advanced liver disease, is the main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma and causes many extra-hepatic manifestations. The existence of seven viral genotypes complicates targeting of treatment. Recent years have seen the approval of many direct acting antivirals targeted at hepatitis C virus non-structural proteins. These have revolutionized therapy as they allow achievement of extremely high sustained virologic responses. Of great significance is the development of pan-genotypic drug combinations, including the NS3/4A-NS5A inhibitor combinations sofosbuvir-velpatasvir and glecaprevir-pibrentasvir. However, resistance-associated mutations can result in failure of these treatments in a small number of patients. This, combined with the high costs of treatment, highlights the importance of continued research into effective anti-hepatitis C therapies, for example aimed at viral entry. Recent developments include identification of the potential of low-cost anti-histamines for repurposing as inhibitors of hepatitis C viral entry. In this review we focus on molecular biology of hepatitis C virus, and the new developments in hepatitis C treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shamsah H Al-Ahmed
- Specialty Paediatric Medicine, Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Bazzi
- Microbiology Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wadha A Alfouzan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait; Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Dasma 35153, Kuwait
| | - Shahab A Alsuliman
- Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease Department, Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah A Aldrazi
- Infection Control Department, Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang H, Zhang C, Tang H, Gao S, Sun F, Yang Y, Zhou W, Hu Y, Ke C, Wu Y, Ding Z, Guo L, Pei R, Chen X, Sy M, Zhang B, Li C. CD2-Associated Protein Contributes to Hepatitis C, Virus Propagation and Steatosis by Disrupting Insulin Signaling. Hepatology 2018; 68:1710-1725. [PMID: 29729186 PMCID: PMC6220802 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can result in steatosis, a condition displaying aberrant accumulation of neutral lipid vesicles, the component of lipid droplets (LDs), which are essential for HCV assembly. However, the interplay between HCV infection and steatosis remains unclear. Here, we show that HCV-infected cells have higher levels of CD2-associated protein (CD2AP), which plays two distinct, yet tightly linked, roles in HCV pathogenesis: Elevated CD2AP binds to nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) and participates in the transport of NS5A to LDs to facilitate viral assembly; Up-regulated CD2AP also interacts with casitas B-lineage lymphoma (b) (Cbl/Cbl-b) E3 ligases to degrade insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), which, in turn, disrupts insulin signaling and increases LD accumulation through the IRS1/protein kinase B (Akt)/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) signaling axis to accommodate viral assembly. In the HCV-infected mouse model, CD2AP expression is up-regulated during the chronic infection stage and this up-regulation correlates well with liver steatosis. Importantly, CD2AP up-regulation was also detected in HCV-infected human liver biopsies showing steatosis compared to non-HCV-infected controls. Conclusion: CD2AP is indicated as a protein up-regulated by HCV infection, which, in turn, stimulates HCV propagation and steatosis by disrupting insulin signaling; targeting CD2AP may offer an opportunity for alleviating HCV infection and its associated liver pathology. (Hepatology 2018;XX:XXX-XXX.).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Zhang
- Center for Molecular VirologyWuhan Institute of VirologyState Key Laboratory of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hong Tang
- Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Center for Molecular VirologyWuhan Institute of VirologyState Key Laboratory of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fang Sun
- Center for Molecular VirologyWuhan Institute of VirologyState Key Laboratory of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yuan Yang
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Weiping Zhou
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yu Hu
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Changshu Ke
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yu Wu
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zeyang Ding
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Lin Guo
- School of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityState Key Laboratory of VirologyWuhanChina
| | - Rongjuan Pei
- Center for Molecular VirologyWuhan Institute of VirologyState Key Laboratory of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Xinwen Chen
- Center for Molecular VirologyWuhan Institute of VirologyState Key Laboratory of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Man‐Sun Sy
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Chaoyang Li
- Center for Molecular VirologyWuhan Institute of VirologyState Key Laboratory of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Life SciencesWuhan University of TechnologyWuhanChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ringelhan M, McKeating JA, Protzer U. Viral hepatitis and liver cancer. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 372:rstb.2016.0274. [PMID: 28893941 PMCID: PMC5597741 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B and C viruses are a global health problem causing acute and chronic infections that can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These infections are the leading cause for HCC worldwide and are associated with significant mortality, accounting for more than 1.3 million deaths per year. Owing to its high incidence and resistance to treatment, liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with HCC representing approximately 90% of all primary liver cancer cases. The majority of viral-associated HCC cases develop in subjects with liver cirrhosis; however, hepatitis B virus infection can promote HCC development without prior end-stage liver disease. Thus, understanding the role of hepatitis B and C viral infections in HCC development is essential for the future design of treatments and therapies for this cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on hepatitis B and C virus hepatocarcinogenesis and highlight direct and indirect risk factors. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Human oncogenic viruses’.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ringelhan
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Muenchen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hopsital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Muenchen, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Munich
| | - Jane A McKeating
- Institute for Advanced Science, Technical University of Munich, Muenchen, Germany .,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Muenchen, Germany .,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Munich.,Institute for Advanced Science, Technical University of Munich, Muenchen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|