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Salehi MA, Harandi H, Mohammadi S, Shahrabi Farahani M, Shojaei S, Saleh RR. Diagnostic Performance of Artificial Intelligence in Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF IMAGING INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE 2024; 37:1297-1311. [PMID: 38438694 PMCID: PMC11300422 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-024-01058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Due to the increasing interest in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in hepatocellular carcinoma detection, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to pool the data on diagnostic performance metrics of AI and to compare them with clinicians' performance. A search in PubMed and Scopus was performed in January 2024 to find studies that evaluated and/or validated an AI algorithm for the detection of HCC. We performed a meta-analysis to pool the data on the metrics of diagnostic performance. Subgroup analysis based on the modality of imaging and meta-regression based on multiple parameters were performed to find potential sources of heterogeneity. The risk of bias was assessed using Multivariable Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) and Prediction Model Study Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) reporting guidelines. Out of 3177 studies screened, 44 eligible studies were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for internally validated AI algorithms were 84% (95% CI: 81,87) and 92% (95% CI: 90,94), respectively. Externally validated AI algorithms had a pooled sensitivity of 85% (95% CI: 78,89) and specificity of 84% (95% CI: 72,91). When clinicians were internally validated, their pooled sensitivity was 70% (95% CI: 60,78), while their pooled specificity was 85% (95% CI: 77,90). This study implies that AI can perform as a diagnostic supplement for clinicians and radiologists by screening images and highlighting regions of interest, thus improving workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamid Harandi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Antibiotic Stewardship and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Mohammadi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Shayan Shojaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramy R Saleh
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Division of Medical Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
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Sonderup MW, Kamath PS, Awuku YA, Desalegn H, Gogela N, Katsidzira L, Tzeuton C, Bobat B, Kassianides C, Spearman CW. Managing cirrhosis with limited resources: perspectives from sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 9:170-184. [PMID: 38215781 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(23)00279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Cirrhosis represents the end stage of chronic liver disease. Sub-Saharan Africa, a resource-constrained region, has a high burden of chronic liver disease, with causes including chronic viral hepatitis, excessive alcohol use, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the risk of which is burgeoning. The development of liver cirrhosis predicts for morbidity and mortality, driven by both liver dysfunction and the consequences of portal hypertension. Compensated cirrhosis portends a better prognosis than decompensated cirrhosis, highlighting the need for the early diagnosis of cirrhosis and its causes. With resource challenges, the diagnosis and management of cirrhosis is demanding, but less costly and less invasive interventions with substantial benefits, ranging from simple blood tests to transient elastography, are feasible in such settings. Simple interventions are also available to manage the complex manifestations of decompensation, such as β blockers in variceal bleeding prophylaxis, salt restriction and appropriate diuretic use in ascites, and lactulose and generic rifaximin in hepatic encephalopathy. Ultimately, managing the underlying causative factors of liver disease is key in improving prognosis. Management demands expanded policy interventions to increase screening and treatment for hepatitis B and C and reduce alcohol use and the metabolic factors driving MASLD. Furthermore, the skills needed for more specialised interventions, such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedures and even liver transplantation, warrant planning, increased capacity, and support for regional centres of excellence. Such centres are already being developed in sub-Saharan Africa, demonstrating what can be achieved with dedicated initiatives and individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Sonderup
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | | | - Yaw A Awuku
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Hailemichael Desalegn
- Department of Internal Medicine, St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Neliswa Gogela
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leolin Katsidzira
- Internal Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Christian Tzeuton
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Douala, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Bilal Bobat
- Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand and Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Chris Kassianides
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C Wendy Spearman
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
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Sajedi S, Ebrahimi G, Roudi R, Mehta I, Heshmat A, Samimi H, Kazempour S, Zainulabadeen A, Docking TR, Arora SP, Cigarroa F, Seshadri S, Karsan A, Zare H. Integrating DNA methylation and gene expression data in a single gene network using the iNETgrate package. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21721. [PMID: 38066050 PMCID: PMC10709411 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48237-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Analyzing different omics data types independently is often too restrictive to allow for detection of subtle, but consistent, variations that are coherently supported based upon different assays. Integrating multi-omics data in one model can increase statistical power. However, designing such a model is challenging because different omics are measured at different levels. We developed the iNETgrate package ( https://bioconductor.org/packages/iNETgrate/ ) that efficiently integrates transcriptome and DNA methylation data in a single gene network. Applying iNETgrate on five independent datasets improved prognostication compared to common clinical gold standards and a patient similarity network approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sogand Sajedi
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Ghazal Ebrahimi
- Bioinformatics Program, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Raheleh Roudi
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Isha Mehta
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Amirreza Heshmat
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hanie Samimi
- School of Architecture, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Shiva Kazempour
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Aamir Zainulabadeen
- Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - Thomas Roderick Docking
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Sukeshi Patel Arora
- Mays Cancer Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Francisco Cigarroa
- Malu and Carlos Alvarez Center for Transplantation, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Innovation, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Aly Karsan
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Habil Zare
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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Nakharutai N, Chitapanarux I, Traisathit P, Srikummoon P, Pojchamarnwiputh S, Inmutto N, Na Chiangmai W. Prediction of survival and analysis of prognostic factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: a 20-year of imaging diagnosis in Upper Northern Thailand. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1063. [PMID: 37923991 PMCID: PMC10625219 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate survival rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the Chiang Mai Cancer Registry provided characteristics data of 6276 HCC patients diagnosed between 1998-2020 based on evolution of imaging diagnosis. Evolution can be separated into four cohorts, namely, cohort 1 (1990-2005) when we had ultrasound (US) and single-phase computed tomography (CT), cohort 2 (2006-2009) when one multi-phase CT and one magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were added, cohort 3 (2010-2015) when MRI with LI-RADS was added, and finally, cohort 4 (2016-2020) when two upgraded MRIs with LI-RADS were added. METHODS Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the relation between death and risk factors including methods of imagining diagnosis, gender, age of diagnosis, tumor stages, history of smoking and alcohol-use, while Kaplan-Meier curves were used to calculate survival rates. RESULTS The median age of diagnosis was 57.0 years (IQR: 50.0-65.0) and the median survival time was 5.8 months (IQR: 1.9-26.8) during the follow-up period. In the univariable analysis, all factors were all associated with a higher risk of death in HCC patients except age of diagnosis. In a multivariable analysis, elderly age at diagnosis, regional and metastatic stages and advanced methods of imagining diagnosis during cohorts 2 and 3 were independently associated with the risk of death in HCC patients. The survival rate of patients diagnosed during cohort 4 was significantly higher than the other cohorts. CONCLUSION As a significantly increasing survival rate of HCC patients in cohort 4, advanced methods of diagnostic imaging can be a part of the recommendation to diagnose HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawapon Nakharutai
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Imjai Chitapanarux
- Chiang Mai Cancer Registry, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Patrinee Traisathit
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pimwarat Srikummoon
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Nakarin Inmutto
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wittanee Na Chiangmai
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Deng K, Xing J, Xu G, Jin B, Wan X, Zheng Y, Du S, Sang X. Urinary biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma: current knowledge for clinicians. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:239. [PMID: 37833757 PMCID: PMC10571477 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03092-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most predominant primary liver cancer, causing many illnesses and deaths worldwide. The insidious clinical presentation, difficulty in early diagnosis, and the highly malignant nature make the prognosis of HCC extremely poor. The complex and heterogeneous pathogenesis of HCC poses significant challenges to developing therapies. Urine-based biomarkers for HCC, including diagnostic, prognostic, and monitoring markers, may be valuable supplements to current tools such as serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) and seem promising for progress in precision medicine. Herein, we reviewed the major urinary biomarkers for HCC and assessed their potential for clinical application. Molecular types, testing platforms, and methods for building multimolecule models in the included studies have shown great diversity, thus providing abundant novel tools for future clinical transformation and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaige Deng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jiali Xing
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplant Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bao Jin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xueshuai Wan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yongchang Zheng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Shunda Du
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xinting Sang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Yun B, Ahn SH, Oh J, Yoon JH, Kim BK. Post-operative recurrence of liver cancer according to antiviral therapy for detectable hepatitis B viremia: A nationwide study. Eur J Intern Med 2023; 107:66-72. [PMID: 36347739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2022.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High postoperative recurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant challenge. Here, we aimed to compare the postoperative HCC recurrence between patients with AVT for detectable serum HBV-DNA vs. those without. METHODS Data of patients undergoing curative resection of HBV-infected HCC as an initial therapy from 2015 to 2017 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service database in South Korea. AVT was initiated when serum HBV-DNA was detectable. The primary outcome was HCC recurrence. The cumulative risk of HCC recurrence between AVT users and non-users was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS During follow-up (median 2.7 years) with 3034 patients, 25.7% and 23.6% of AVT users and non-users experienced HCC recurrence, respectively. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year cumulative recurrence rates were similar (p = 0.57): 15.6%, 23.3%, and 26.4% in AVT users versus 15.3%, 22.0%, and 24.9% in non-users, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, multivariable Cox regression analysis showed comparable outcomes between the two groups with adjusted hazard ratios (aHR 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89-1.31; p = 0.439). Similar outcomes between the two groups were reproduced after stratification of liver cirrhosis. Inverse probability treatment weighting analysis also showed comparable outcomes between the two groups in the subgroups with liver cirrhosis (aHR 1.01, 95% CI 0.80-1.29; p = 0.92) and non-cirrhosis (aHR 1.08, 95% CI 0.87-1.34; p = 0.472). CONCLUSIONS Initiating AVT based on detectable serum HBV-DNA provided the similar risk of postoperative HCC recurrence in HBV-infected HCC patients with and without detectable serum HBV-DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungyoon Yun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Yonsei Liver Centre, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Oh
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Beom Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Yonsei Liver Centre, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Wang Z, Pei Y, Li W, Zhang J, Liu J. Clinical value of AKR1B10 in hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279591. [PMID: 36584078 PMCID: PMC9803170 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the clinical value of Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) in the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS A search of the PubMed, China Biology Medicine, Cochrane, and Embase databases was performed to conduct meta-analyses to evaluate the accuracy of AKR1B10 in diagnosing HCC and to assess the impact on prognosis of patients after curative resection of HCC. RESULTS A total of 12 different cohorts from 11 studies including 2747 HCC patients and 2053 controls showed that the pooled specificity and the pooled sensitivity of AKR1B10 for the diagnosis of HCC were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.69-0.85) and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.77-0.90), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of serum AKR1B10 for the diagnosis of HCC were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.70-0.86) and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.77-0.93), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AKR1B10 in malignant tumor tissue for the diagnosis of HCC were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.61-0.89) and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.69-0.90), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AKR1B10 to distinguish HCC from benign liver disease were 0.71 (95% CI: 0.62-0.78) and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.77-0.89), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of AKR1B10 combined with alpha fetoprotein (AFP) in the diagnosis of HCC were 0.84 (95% CI: 0.79-0.88) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.73-0.95), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AKR1B10 in malignant tumor tissue for the diagnosis of early-stage HCC were 0.85 (95% CI: 0.62-0.95) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.81-0.93), respectively. A meta-analysis of five studies including 798 patients demonstrated that high AKR1B10 expression in liver malignant tumor was associated with better overall survival in patients with HCC after hepatectomy (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.41-0.72, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AKR1B10 exhibits a great clinical value in the diagnosis of HCC, especially for early-stage HCC, with excellent diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, AKR1B10 expression can predict the prognosis of HCC patients after hepatic resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yinxuan Pei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei Province, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jingxiao Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jinlong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Jang S, Choi GH, Chang W, Jang ES, Kim JW, Jeong SH. Elevated alpha-fetoprotein in asymptomatic adults: Clinical features, outcome, and association with body composition. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271407. [PMID: 35862314 PMCID: PMC9302731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Apparently healthy individuals with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (>7 ng/mL) for unknown causes visit clinics. We investigated their clinical characteristics, outcomes, and relationship with body fat deposition and muscle mass. Methods The case group included asymptomatic 137 individuals with “elevated AFP level” (R772) diagnostic code from 2009 to 2018 in a tertiary hospital. The control group enrolled 274 age- and sex-matched patients with <5 cm hepatic hemangiomas. Hepatic, visceral, and psoas muscle adiposity and psoas muscle index (PMI) were measured in the subgroups of 45 cases and 90 controls with pre-contrast computed tomography (CT) images. Results The case group (mean age 47.5 years, male 35.8%) showed higher AFP levels (10.3 vs 2.5 ng/mL, p<0.001) and total bilirubin (0.8 vs 0.7 mg/dL, p<0.001), but a lower body mass index (22.2 vs 23.3 kg/m2, p = 0.011) and alanine aminotransferase levels (17.0 vs 19.0 IU/L, p = 0.047) than the controls. During 13 months of median follow-up, there was no cancer or liver disease development. The AFP levels were stable. In the subgroups with CT images, cases showed a lower proportion of hepatic steatosis (4.4% vs 18.9%, p = 0.023), higher psoas muscle attenuation (48.2 vs 43.8 Hounsfield units, p<0.001) and higher PMI (5.7 vs 4.2 cm2/m2, p<0.001) than the controls. Conclusion Elevated AFP levels in asymptomatic individuals may play a role in expressing a protective phenotype against hepatic steatosis, myosteatosis, and sarcopenia. AFP levels in patients with elevated AFP were stable during follow-up without liver injury or cancer development. Interaction between AFP expression and steatosis warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmi Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Gwang Hyeon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Won Chang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Eun Sun Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Sook-Hyang Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Huang Y, Chen Y, Tu S, Zhang J, Qiu Y, Yu W. Diagnostic accuracy of circulating microRNAs for hepatitis C virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:323. [PMID: 35365115 PMCID: PMC8973602 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The purpose of this study was to perform an assessment of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as promising biomarker for hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCV-HCC) through a meta-analysis. Methods A comprehensive literatures search extended up to March 1, 2020 in PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Ovid databases. The collected data were analyzed by random-effects model, the pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were used to explore the diagnostic performance of circulating miRNAs. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were further carried out to explore the heterogeneity. Results A total of 16 articles including 3606 HCV-HCC patients and 3387 HCV patients without HCC were collected. The pooled estimates indicated miRNAs could distinguish HCC patients from chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and HCV-associated liver cirrhosis (HCV-LC), with a SEN of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.79–0.87), a SPE of 0.77 (95% CI, 0.71–0.82), a DOR of 17 (95% CI, 12–28), and an AUC of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.84–0.90). The combination of miRNAs and AFP showed a better diagnostic accuracy than each alone. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that diagnostic accuracy of miRNAs was better for plasma types, up-regulated miRNAs, and miRNA clusters. There was no evidence of publication bias in Deeks’ funnel plot. Conclusions Circulating miRNAs, especially for miRNA clusters, have a relatively high diagnostic value for HCV-HCC from CHC and HCV-LC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-022-07292-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Huang
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingsha Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Zhang
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunqing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Hepatit C’ye bağlı siroz hastalarında hepatosellüler karsinom gelişiminde öngördürücü faktörlerin retrospektif analizi. ANADOLU KLINIĞI TIP BILIMLERI DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.21673/anadoluklin.1066158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Xing M, Wang X, Kiken RA, He L, Zhang JY. Immunodiagnostic Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): The First Step in Detection and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6139. [PMID: 34200243 PMCID: PMC8201127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exerts huge effects on the health burden of the world because of its high mortality and poor prognosis. HCC is often clinically detected late in patients. If HCC could be detected and treated earlier, the survival rate of patients will be greatly improved. Therefore, identifying specific biomarkers is urgent and important for HCC. The liver is also recognized as an immune organ. The occurrence of HCC is related to exacerbation of immune tolerance and/or immunosurveillance escape. The host immune system plays an important role in the recognition and targeting of tumor cells in cancer immunotherapy, as can be seen from the clinical success of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Thus, there is a pressing medical need to discover immunodiagnostic biomarkers specific to HCC for understanding the pathological mechanisms of HCC, especially for immunotherapy targets. We have reviewed the existing literature to summarize the immunodiagnostic markers of HCC, including autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and exosomes, to provide new insights into HCC and early detection of this deadly cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengtao Xing
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-Sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (X.W.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Xinzhi Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-Sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (X.W.); (R.A.K.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Robert A. Kiken
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-Sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (X.W.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-Sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (X.W.); (R.A.K.)
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12
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Deng Q, Zheng Y, Lu J, Zeng Z, Liu W. What factors predict physicians' utilization behavior of contrast-enhanced ultrasound? Evidence from the integration of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Technology Acceptance Model using a structural equation modeling approach. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2021; 21:173. [PMID: 34059025 PMCID: PMC8165765 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-021-01540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The promotion of early diagnosis is undoubtedly effective in reducing the burden of disease. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a diagnostic technology for liver cancer, but its implementation faces some challenges. Understanding the influencing factors of CEUS utilization is crucial for its successful implementation. However, such research is rare. The aims of this study were to investigate the status of CEUS utilization and its predictors in China. METHODS Through multistage random sampling, a cross-sectional study design was conducted among physicians in charge of direct use of CEUS working at liver disease-related departments of sampled health institutions. To access the potential influencing factors of physicians' CEUS utilization, a structured questionnaire was developed based on the theoretical model, which was developed by integration of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Structural equation modeling was used to verify the proposed hypotheses, and analyze the relationship and mechanism between the factors. RESULTS A total of 309 physicians were enrolled. The mean score of utilization behavior was 2.04 (SD = 1.07), and 37.22% above the mean. The favorable fitting results demonstrated that the integration of TAM and TPB was an acceptable model. SEM results also identified physicians' intentions to use CEUS was directly associated with utilization behavior (β = 0.287, P < 0.001). Attitude (β = 0.272, P < 0.001), subjective norm (β = 0.172, P = 0.013), perceived behavioral control (β = 0.491, P < 0.001) and perceived usefulness (β = 0.108, P = 0.027) significantly influenced physicians' intentions. Besides, subjective norm (β = 0.065, P = 0.021), perceived behavioral control (β = 0.141, P = 0.003), and perceived ease of use (β = 0.022, P = 0.033) indirectly affected physicians' CEUS utilization. CONCLUSIONS The findings provide a reference for understanding the factors associated with physicians' utilization of CEUS. Additionally, the proposed measures such as building innovative and incentive environment, providing high quality and adequate training, etc., will help promote the utilization of CEUS, thereby increasing the detection rate of liver cancer, and improving the survival rate and the quality of life for liver cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Deng
- Department of Health Management, Room 108 in the Building for School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, No. 1 Xuefubei Road, Minhou District, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Yuhang Zheng
- Department of Health Management, Room 108 in the Building for School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, No. 1 Xuefubei Road, Minhou District, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Junhong Lu
- Department of Health Management, Room 108 in the Building for School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, No. 1 Xuefubei Road, Minhou District, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Zhichao Zeng
- Department of Health Management, Room 108 in the Building for School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, No. 1 Xuefubei Road, Minhou District, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Health Management, Room 108 in the Building for School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, No. 1 Xuefubei Road, Minhou District, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
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13
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Wu D, Pan Y, Zheng X. Identification of hub genes-based predictive model in hepatocellular carcinoma by robust rank aggregation and regression analysis. J Cancer 2021; 12:1884-1893. [PMID: 33753986 PMCID: PMC7974519 DOI: 10.7150/jca.52089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Though various hub genes for HCC have been identified in decades, the limited sample size, inconsistent bioinformatic analysis methods and lacking evaluation in validation cohorts would make the results less reliable, novel biomarkers and risk model for HCC prognosis are still urgently desired. Methods: The Robust Rank Aggression method was applied to integrate 12 HCC microarray datasets to screen for robustly and stably differentially expressed candidates. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to construct a six hub genes-based prognostic model, which was further verified in matched tumor and non-tumor hepatic samples and two independent validation cohorts. Results: Six hub genes for HCC were identified including CD163, EHHADH, KIAA0101, SLC16A2, SPP1 and THBS4. The risk score according to hub genes-based prognostic model could be an independent predictive factor for HCC. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results showed significant difference in expression level between tumor and non-tumor hepatic tissues. Prognostic value of risk model has been verified in TCGA-HCC and GSE76240 datasets. Biological function analysis revealed these hub genes were closely associated with tumorigenesis processes. Conclusion: A novel six hub genes predictive risk model for HCC has been established based on multiple datasets analyses, providing novel features for the prediction of HCC patients' outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yun Pan
- Department of Emergency, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xueyong Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
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14
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Zhang Y, Archer KJ. Bayesian penalized cumulative logit model for high-dimensional data with an ordinal response. Stat Med 2020; 40:1453-1481. [PMID: 33336826 DOI: 10.1002/sim.8851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Many previous studies have identified associations between gene expression, measured using high-throughput genomic platforms, and quantitative or dichotomous traits. However, we note that health outcome and disease status measurements frequently appear on an ordinal scale, that is, the outcome is categorical but has inherent ordering. Identification of important genes may be useful for developing novel diagnostic and prognostic tools to predict or classify stage of disease. Gene expression data are usually high-dimensional, meaning that the number of genes is much larger than the sample size or number of patients. Herein we describe some existing frequentist methods for modeling an ordinal response in a high-dimensional predictor space. Following Tibshirani (1996), who described the LASSO estimate as the Bayesian posterior mode when the regression coefficients have independent Laplace priors, we propose a new approach for high-dimensional data with an ordinal response that is rooted in the Bayesian paradigm. We show that our proposed Bayesian approach outperforms existing frequentist methods through simulation studies. We then compare the performance of frequentist and Bayesian approaches using a study evaluating progression to hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zhang
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kellie J Archer
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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15
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Shah PA, Onken A, Ishtiaq R, Maqsood MH, Patel SS, Campoverde Reyes KJ, Herskovits AZ, Lau DTY. A challenging case of alpha-fetoprotein-result discrepancies in a patient with chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2020; 8:484-486. [PMID: 33447392 PMCID: PMC7793204 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goaa052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pir A Shah
- Department of Medicine, Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allison Onken
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rizwan Ishtiaq
- Department of Medicine, Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Muhammad H Maqsood
- Department of Medicine, Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shyam S Patel
- Department of Medicine, Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen J Campoverde Reyes
- Department of Medicine, Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrianna Z Herskovits
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daryl T Y Lau
- Department of Medicine, Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Galle PR, Foerster F, Kudo M, Chan SL, Llovet JM, Qin S, Schelman WR, Chintharlapalli S, Abada PB, Sherman M, Zhu AX. Biology and significance of alpha-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int 2019; 39:2214-2229. [PMID: 31436873 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths globally due, in part, to the majority of patients being diagnosed with intermediate or advanced stage disease. Our increased understanding of the heterogeneous molecular pathogenesis of HCC has led to significant developments in novel targeted therapies. Despite these advances, there remains a high unmet need for new treatment options. HCC is a complex disease with multiple pathogenic mechanisms caused by a variety of risk factors, making it difficult to characterize with a single biomarker. In fact, numerous biomarkers have been studied in HCC, but alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) remains the most widely used and accepted serum marker since its discovery over 60 years ago. This review summarizes the most relevant studies associated with the regulation of AFP at the gene and protein levels; the pathophysiology of AFP as a pro-proliferative protein; and the correlation of AFP with molecular HCC subclasses, the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway and angiogenesis. Also described are the historical and current uses of AFP for screening and surveillance, diagnosis, its utility as a prognostic and predictive biomarker and its role as a tumour antigen in HCC. Taken together, these data demonstrate the relevance of AFP for patients with HCC and identify several remaining questions that will benefit from future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Galle
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Friedrich Foerster
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Josep M Llovet
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shukui Qin
- Cancer Center of Bayi Hospital, Nanjing Chinese Medicine University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew X Zhu
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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17
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Cozma A, Fodor A, Vulturar R, Sitar-Tăut AV, Orăşan OH, Mureşan F, Login C, Suharoschi R. DNA Methylation and Micro-RNAs: The Most Recent and Relevant Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55090607. [PMID: 31546948 PMCID: PMC6780418 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55090607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequently encountered cancer type, and its alarming incidence is explained by genetic and epigenetic alterations. Epigenetic changes may represent diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of HCC. In this review we discussed deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hypomethylation, DNA hypermethylation, and aberrant expression of small non-coding ribonucleic acid (RNA), which could be useful new biomarkers in the early diagnosis of HCC. We selected the articles on human subjects published in English over the past two years involving diagnostic markers detected in body fluids, cancer diagnosis made on histopathological exam, and a control group of those with benign liver disease or without liver disease. These biomarkers need further investigation in clinical trials to develop clinical applications for early diagnosis and management of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Cozma
- Internal Medicine Department, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Adriana Fodor
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Romana Vulturar
- Department of Cell Biology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Adela-Viviana Sitar-Tăut
- Internal Medicine Department, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Olga Hilda Orăşan
- Internal Medicine Department, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Flaviu Mureşan
- Department of Surgery, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cezar Login
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ramona Suharoschi
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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18
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Living donor liver transplantation in hepatocellular carcinoma: A single-center experiences. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.557019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Long-term follow-up after cure from chronic hepatitis C virus infection shows occult hepatitis and a risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in noncirrhotic patients. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 31:506-513. [PMID: 30461522 PMCID: PMC6416012 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Curing of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection primarily aims to prevent severe liver complications. Our objectives were to investigate the long-term presence and impact of occult HCV infection (OCI) and to study the outcomes in terms of liver disease after virological cure. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 97 patients with achieved sustained virological response (SVR) during 1990-2005 were followed either by a clinical follow-up (FU) visit with blood sampling and liver elastography (n=54) or through national registries for outcomes (n=43). To diagnose OCI among patients with SVR, a highly sensitive method was used to detect HCV-RNA traces in whole blood. The FU duration was a median of 10.5 years, with samples up to 21.5 years after the end of treatment (EOT). RESULTS The majority of patients [52 (96%)] were HCV-RNA negative at FU, and regression of fibrosis was statistically significant. OCI was found in two (4%) of them at 8 and 9 years after EOT. These patients had F1 and F2 fibrosis before treatment and F2 at FU, but no other abnormal findings. Three previously noncirrhotic men were diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma 8-11 years after EOT. CONCLUSION Occult infection could be detected many years after the achievement of SVR but was not associated with serious liver disease. The majority had persistent viral eradication and regression of fibrosis after SVR. However, an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma may persist in the long term after SVR even in noncirrhotic patients. Further studies with FU after direct-acting antiviral therapy and on the long-term impact after cure are needed.
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Ultrasound Screening and Surveillance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. CURRENT RADIOLOGY REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40134-019-0317-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Wen DY, Huang JC, Wang JY, Pan WY, Zeng JH, Pang YY, Yang H. Potential clinical value and putative biological function of miR-122-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma: A comprehensive study using microarray and RNA sequencing data. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6918-6929. [PMID: 30546424 PMCID: PMC6256359 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to determine the diagnostic efficacy of microRNA (miR)-122-5p and to identify the potential molecular signaling pathways underlying the function of miR-122-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the expression profiles of data collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and literature databases were analyzed, along with any associations between clinicopathological characteristics and the diagnostic value of miR-122-5p in HCC. The intersection of 12 online prediction databases and differentially expressed genes from TCGA and GEO were utilized in order to select the prospective target genes of miR-122-5p in HCC. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analyses were subsequently performed based on the selected target genes. The average expression level of miR-122-5p was decreased in HCC patients compared with controls from TCGA database (P<0.001), and the downregulation of miR-122-5p was significantly associated with HCC tissues (P<0.001), tumor vascular invasion (P<0.001), metastasis (P=0.001), sex (P=0.006), virus infection status (P=0.001) and tissue (compared with serum; P<0.001) in cases from the GEO database. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for miR-122-5p to diagnose HCC were 0.60 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.48–0.71] and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.70–0.89), respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.72–0.80), while in Meta-DiSc 1.4, the AUC was 0.76 (Q*=0.70). The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.60 (95% CI, 0.57–0.62) and 0.79 (95% CI, 0.76–0.81), respectively. A total of 198 overlapping genes were selected as the potential target genes of miR-122-5p, and 7 genes were defined as the hub genes from the PPI network. Cell division cycle 6 (CDC6), minichromosome maintenance complex component 4 (MCM4) and MCM8, which serve pivotal functions in the occurrence and development of HCC, were the most significant hub genes. The regulation of cell proliferation for cellular adhesion and the biosynthesis of amino acids was highlighted in the GO and KEGG pathway analyses. The downregulation of miR-122-5p in HCC demonstrated diagnostic value, worthy of further attention. Therefore, miR-122-5p may function as a tumor suppressor by modulating genome replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yue Wen
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ya Pan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jiang-Hui Zeng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Yan Pang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
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Value of 18F-FDG PET/CT Combined With Tumor Markers in the Evaluation of Ascites. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018; 210:1155-1163. [PMID: 29629798 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.17.18733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to investigate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT combined with assessment of tumor markers in serum or ascites for the diagnosing and determining the prognosis of benign and malignant ascites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with ascites of unknown cause who underwent evaluation with FDG PET/CT were included in this retrospective study. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and levels of the tumor markers carbohydrate antigen-125 (CA-125) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum and ascites were recorded. The diagnostic values of FDG PET/CT, CEA and CA-125 levels in serum or ascites, and the combination of imaging plus tumor marker assessment were evaluated. Factors that were predictive of survival were also analyzed. RESULTS A total of 177 patients were included. Malignant ascites was eventually diagnosed in 104 patients, and benign ascites was diagnosed in the remaining 73 patients. With the use of FDG PET/CT, 44 patients (42.3%) were found to have primary tumors. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FDG PET/CT were 92.3%, 83.6%, and 88.7%, respectively. CA-125 levels in serum and ascites showed much better sensitivity than did CEA levels, but they showed significantly lower specificity. If the combination of tumor markers and FDG PET/CT was analyzed, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of tumor markers in serum were 96.6%, 78.1%, and 88.7%, and those of tumor markers in ascites were 97.7%, 80.0%, and 90.4%, respectively. Sex may be an important factor affecting survival time (hazard ratio, 0.471; p = 0.004), but age, CEA level, and FDG PET/CT findings could not predict survival. CONCLUSION FDG PET/CT combined with assessment of tumor markers, especially CEA, increased the efficacy of diagnosis of ascites of unknown causes. Male sex conferred a poorer prognosis, whereas age, CEA level, and FDG uptake had no predictive significance in patients with malignant ascites.
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Antoniello S, Auletta M, Magri P, Pardo F. Urinary Excretion of Free and Acetylated Polyamines in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 13:92-7. [PMID: 9803357 DOI: 10.1177/172460089801300205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) are essential for the proliferation of normal and neoplastic cells, and have been repeatedly recommended as tumor markers, with contrasting and elusive results. In the present study the urinary excretion of free and acetylated polyamines was measured in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cirrhotics and control subjects. Separation and quantification of dansyl-derivatives of free, acetylated and total polyamines was performed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The results show that the urinary excretion of total, free, and acetylated polyamines is significantly higher in HCC patients than in cirrhotics and controls (p<0.001). The N1/N8 acetyl-spermidine molar ratio was found to be higher in HCC patients than in cirrhotics and controls (p<0.001). No correlation was found between urinary excretion of polyamines and serum alpha-fetoprotein, tumor size and severity of liver cirrhosis. The results show that increased urinary excretion of free and acetylated polyamines, as well as an altered N1/N8-acetyl-spermidine molar ratio, is a sensible but not specific feature of HCC patients; polyamines may play a role in human carcinogenesis, but their determination does not seem reliable for the early detection of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Antoniello
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Federico II University, Napoli, Italy
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24
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Huang GQ, Xie YY, Zhu PW, Wang XD, Lin Z, Wang Y, Ye JP, Wang YM, Chen YX, Jin XZ, Van Poucke S, Chen YP, Zheng MH. Stratified alpha-fetoprotein pattern accurately predicts mortality in patients with acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 12:295-302. [PMID: 29300103 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2018.1424540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has been shown to predict the prognosis of liver disease in several studies. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of stratified AFP in patients with acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (ACHBLF). METHODS A total of 192 patients were included and AFP were categorized into quartiles. The prognostic value was determined for overall survival (OS) and assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses studied the association of all independent parameters with disease prognosis. RESULTS The optimal cut-off points of AFP were: (Q1) 252.3-4800.0 ng/ml, (Q2) 76.0-252.2 ng/ml, (Q3) 18.6-75.9 ng/ml, and (Q4) 0.7-18.5 ng/ml. Based on the Kaplan-Meier analysis of the OS, each AFP quartile revealed a progressively worse OS and apparent separation (log-rank P = 0.006). The second-highest quartiles of AFP (Q2) always demonstrated an extremely favorable short-term survival. Combining the lowest AFP quartiles with a serum sodium < 131mmol/L or an INR ≥ 3.3 showed a poor outcome (90-days survival of 25.0% and 11.9% respectively). CONCLUSIONS Stratified AFP could strengthen the predictive power for short-term survival of patients with ACHBLF. Combining AFP quartiles with low serum sodium and high INR may better predict poor outcome in ACHBLF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Qian Huang
- a Department of Hepatology, Liver Research Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China.,b Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Yao-Yao Xie
- c Department of Clinical Laboratory , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Pei-Wu Zhu
- c Department of Clinical Laboratory , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- a Department of Hepatology, Liver Research Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China.,d Institute of Hepatology , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Zhuo Lin
- a Department of Hepatology, Liver Research Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China.,d Institute of Hepatology , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Yan Wang
- a Department of Hepatology, Liver Research Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Jiang-Pin Ye
- a Department of Hepatology, Liver Research Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Yu-Min Wang
- c Department of Clinical Laboratory , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Ying-Xiao Chen
- a Department of Hepatology, Liver Research Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Xiao-Zhi Jin
- a Department of Hepatology, Liver Research Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Sven Van Poucke
- e Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency Medicine and Pain Therapy , Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg , Genk , Belgium
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- a Department of Hepatology, Liver Research Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China.,d Institute of Hepatology , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- a Department of Hepatology, Liver Research Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China.,d Institute of Hepatology , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
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Initial Alpha-Fetoprotein Response Predicts Prognosis in Hepatitis B-related Solitary HCC Patients After Radiofrequency Ablation. J Clin Gastroenterol 2018; 52:e18-e26. [PMID: 28795996 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is effective for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma but recurrence is problem. GOALS To identify prognostic factors including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for overall survival and intrahepatic recurrence after RFA. PATIENTS AND METHODS Not only naïve but also previously treated patients with solitary hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma <5 cm were prospectively enrolled and a ≥50% decrease from baseline to 1 month after RFA was defined as an initial AFP response. Tumor responses were assessed by the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors. RESULTS Among 255 patients, 156 patients (61.2%) developed intrahepatic recurrence. Radiologic progression occurred in 54.8% (86/157) in the AFP responders and 71.4% (70/98) in the AFP nonresponders. In multivariate analysis, a history of previous treatment [hazard ratio (HR), 2.037; P=0.015 for percutaneous ethanol injection vs. none; and HR, 2.642; P<0.001 for transarterial chemoembolization vs. none] and an initial AFP nonresponse (HR, 1.899; P<0.001) were independent predictors of accelerated progression after RFA. Moreover, those who had a history of previous treatment and did not achieve an initial AFP response had significantly unfavorable overall survival (HR, 3.581; P<0.001) and the increased risk of intrahepatic remote recurrence (HR, 5.385; P<0.001) compared with those with an initial AFP response and no history of previous treatment. CONCLUSIONS Biological response evaluation by the measurement of serial AFP levels is a useful predictor of overall survival and intrahepatic remote recurrence after RFA. Therefore, an initial AFP response may aid in determining the need of closer follow-up as a therapeutic response indicator of RFA.
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Suhail M, Sohrab SS, Qureshi A, Tarique M, Abdel-Hafiz H, Al-Ghamdi K, Qadri I. Association of HCV mutated proteins and host SNPs in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 60:160-172. [PMID: 29501636 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus plays a significant role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) globally. The pathogenic mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma with HCV infection are generally linked with inflammation, cytokines, fibrosis, cellular signaling pathways, and liver cell proliferation modulating pathways. HCV encoded proteins (Core, NS3, NS4, NS5A) interact with a broad range of hepatocytes derived factors to modulate an array of activities such as cell signaling, DNA repair, transcription and translational regulation, cell propagation, apoptosis, membrane topology. These four viral proteins are also implicated to show a strong conversion potential in tissue culture. Furthermore, Core and NS5A also trigger the accretion of the β-catenin pathway as a common target to contribute viral induced transformation. There is a strong association between HCV variants within Core, NS4, and NS5A and host single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the HCC pathogenesis. Identification of such viral mutants and host SNPs is very critical to determine the risk of HCC and response to antiviral therapy. In this review, we highlight the association of key variants, mutated proteins, and host SNPs in development of HCV induced HCC. How such viral mutants may modulate the interaction with cellular host machinery is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Suhail
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed Sartaj Sohrab
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abid Qureshi
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Mohd Tarique
- Department of Surgery, Sylvester Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Hany Abdel-Hafiz
- Dept of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Khalid Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Biological Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishtiaq Qadri
- Department of Biological Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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27
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Okajima W, Komatsu S, Ichikawa D, Miyamae M, Kawaguchi T, Hirajima S, Ohashi T, Imamura T, Kiuchi J, Arita T, Konishi H, Shiozaki A, Moriumura R, Ikoma H, Okamoto K, Taniguchi H, Itoh Y, Otsuji E. Circulating microRNA profiles in plasma: identification of miR-224 as a novel diagnostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma independent of hepatic function. Oncotarget 2018; 7:53820-53836. [PMID: 27462777 PMCID: PMC5288224 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study was designed to identify novel microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma for detecting and monitoring hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), independent of hepatic function and background liver diseases with different etiologies. Results (1) Four oncogenic miRNAs (miR-151, 155, 191 and 224) with high expression in HCC tissues were selected as candidates. (2) Quantitative RT-PCR using plasma samples from 107 HCC patients and 75 healthy volunteers revealed a significantly higher level of plasma miR-224 in HCC patients than in healthy volunteers according to a small-scale analysis (P < 0.0001), two independent large-scale cohort analysis (P < 0.0001, AUC 0.908). (3) miR-224 expression was significantly higher in HCC tissues and HCC cell lines than in normal hepatic tissues and fibroblasts, respectively. (P = 0.0011, 0.0150) (4) Plasma miR-224 reflected tumor dynamics; preoperative plasma levels of miR-224 were significantly reduced in postoperative samples (P = 0.0058), and plasma miR-224 levels were significantly correlated with paired miR-224 levels in HCC tissues (P = 0.0005). (5) Furthermore, plasma miR-224 levels significantly discriminated HCC patients from patients with chronic liver disease (P = 0.0008). A high plasma miR-224 level was significantly correlated with larger tumor size (P = 0.0005) and recurrences (P = 0.0027). The plasma miR-224 level could accurately detect small tumors less than 18 mm preoperatively. Methods We performed a systematic review of the NCBI database and selected candidate miRNAs reported as highly expressed in HCC tissue. Conclusions Plasma miR-224 may be a sensitive biomarker for screening HCC and monitoring tumor dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Okajima
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shuhei Komatsu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ichikawa
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Mahito Miyamae
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kawaguchi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shoji Hirajima
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Takuma Ohashi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Taisuke Imamura
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Jun Kiuchi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Ryo Moriumura
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ikoma
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kazuma Okamoto
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroki Taniguchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, Haruobicho, Kamigyo-ku, 602-8026, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachihirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
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Luo P, Feng X, Jing W, Zhu M, Li N, Zhou H, Worley PF, Chai H, Tu J. Clinical and Diagnostic Significance of Homer1 in hepatitis B virus-induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2018; 9:683-689. [PMID: 29556326 PMCID: PMC5858490 DOI: 10.7150/jca.22279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor worldwide. Attributed to the lack of early diagnosis index, most patients are diagnosed in their late stage. Homer1, as a member of scaffold protein family, is made up of two different isoforms: Homer1a and Homer1b/c. More and more evidences show that Homer1 is dysregulated in cancers. Here, in this study, we investigated the expression profile, clinical, diagnostic and prognostic significance of Homer1 in hepatitis B virus-induced HCC (HBV-HCC). Methods: We first tested the expression of Homer1 in HCC cell lines by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot. Then, 86 pairs of tumorous and adjacent normal tissues from HCC together with a total number of 245 peripheral blood samples were enrolled to check the expression levels of Homer1 by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: The results revealed that the levels of Homer1 were both downregulated in HCC cell line and tissue and were associated with tumor size, but were not related to the prognosis of HBV-HCC. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that the sensitivity of Homer1 to differentiate HCC patients from the controls was high to 100.0% and the combination of Homer1 and AFP got a higher prediction value of HCC (AUC=0.890). Conclusion: Our data highlighted that Homer1 played a critical role in HCC tumorigenesis and might be a potential diagnostic marker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine & Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiaobo Feng
- Department of Pain, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Man Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine & Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Nandi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine & Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine & Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Paul F Worley
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Hongyan Chai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine & Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jiancheng Tu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine & Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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29
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Wu J, Zhu P, Zhang Z, Zhang B, Shu C, Chen L, Feng R, Mba'nbo Koumpa AA, Li G, Ge Q. A new tumor-associated antigen prognostic scoring system for spontaneous ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma after partial hepatectomy. Cancer Biol Med 2018; 15:415-424. [PMID: 30766751 PMCID: PMC6372911 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rupture can be fatal, and hepatic resection could achieve a favorable long-term survival among all strategies of tumor rupture. However, there is no available prognostic scoring system for patients with ruptured HCC who underwent partial hepatectomy. Methods: From January 2005 to May 2015, 129 patients with spontaneous HCC rupture underwent partial hepatectomy. Preoperative clinical data were collected and analyzed. Independent risk factors affecting overall survival (OS) were used to develop the new scoring system. Harrell’s C statistics, Akaike information criterion (AIC), the relative likelihood, and the log likelihood ratio were calculated to measure the homogeneity and discriminatory ability of a prognostic system. Results: In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, three factors, including tumor size, preoperative α-fetoprotein level, and alkaline phosphatase level, were chosen for the new tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prognostic scoring system. The 1-year OS rates were 88.1%, 43.2%, and 30.2% for TAA scores of 0–5 points (low-risk group), 6–9 points (moderate-risk group), and 10–13 points (high-risk group), respectively. The TAA scoring system had superior homogeneity and discriminatory ability (Harrell’s C statistics, 0.693 vs. 0.627 and 0.634; AIC, 794.79 vs. 817.23 and 820.16; relative likelihood, both < 0.001; and log likelihood ratio, 45.21 vs. 22.77 and 21.84) than the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system and the Cancer of the Liver Italian Program in predicting OS. Similar results were found while predicting disease-free survival (DFS).
Conclusions: The new prognostic scoring system is simple and effective in predicting both OS and DFS of patients with spontaneous ruptured HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Center
| | | | | | - Chang Shu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Center
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Center
| | - Renjie Feng
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | | | - Ganxun Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Center
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Yokoo T, Patel AD, Lev-Cohain N, Singal AG, Yopp AC, Pedrosa I. Extrahepatic metastasis risk of hepatocellular carcinoma based on α-fetoprotein and tumor staging parameters at cross-sectional imaging. Cancer Manag Res 2017; 9:503-511. [PMID: 29081671 PMCID: PMC5652898 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s147097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extrahepatic metastases have important implications in the clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of this study was to validate tumor staging parameters and serum AFP as risk factors of HCC metastasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this retrospective case-control study, patients with a new diagnosis of HCC (N=236), median age 57 years (range 28-89 years), and male-to-female ratio of 183/53 were divided into a "no-met" group (N=101) without extrahepatic metastasis or a "met" group with extrahepatic metastases (N=135). Metastasis risk factors based on tumor staging parameters (size, number, infiltration, and vascular invasion) and serum AFP level were calculated as odds ratio (OR). Sensitivities of the risk factors as metastasis screening tests were also calculated. RESULTS AFP >400 μg/mL, index tumor size >5 cm, and vascular invasion individually had strong association with metastasis, with OR (95% confidence interval) of 11.5 (5.9-22.1), 17.7 (9.0-34.8), and 18.9 (8.2-43.9), respectively, but with moderate sensitivities as metastasis screening tests, with 71.9% (65.7-77.3), 75.6% (69.6-80.7), and 58.5% (52.1-64.7), respectively. Composite multiparametric criteria, eg, a logical union of 1) tumor size outside of Milan criteria, 2) AFP threshold >35 μg/mL, and 3) vascular invasion, had excellent OR up to 55.6 (13.0-237.1) with screening sensitivity 98.5% (95.8-99.6). CONCLUSION Serum AFP, tumor size, and vascular invasion are strongly associated with extrahepatic metastasis of HCC, especially when combined into a multiparametric metastasis prediction criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adam C Yopp
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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31
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Zheng ZK, Pang C, Yang Y, Duan Q, Zhang J, Liu WC. Serum long noncoding RNA urothelial carcinoma-associated 1: A novel biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Int Med Res 2017; 46:348-356. [PMID: 28856933 PMCID: PMC6011314 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517726441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) offer great potential as cancer biomarkers. This study was performed to assess the applicability of serum lncRNA urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) as a diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods We examined UCA1 expression in serum samples from 105 patients with HCC, 105 patients with benign liver disease (BLD), and 105 healthy volunteers using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and analyzed the relationship between serum UCA1 and clinicopathological parameters of HCC as well as survival. Results Expression of serum UCA1 was significantly higher in patients with HCC and allowed for discrimination of HCC from BLD and healthy controls. High expression of serum UCA1 was significantly associated with a high tumor grade, large tumor size, positive vascular invasion, and advanced TNM stage. Multivariate analysis revealed that a high serum UCA1 level was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for HCC. Conclusions Our results confirm the upregulation of serum UCA1 expression in HCC and indicate its clinical value as a noninvasive biomarker for HCC screening and prognostic prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Kun Zheng
- 1 Department of Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cui Pang
- 1 Department of Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- 1 Department of Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiong Duan
- 1 Department of Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- 2 Institute of Gene Diagnosis, School of Pharmacology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Chao Liu
- 1 Department of Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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32
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Chen MY, Fang WL, Huang KH, Lai YH, Lin HJ. Influence of high serum alpha fetoprotein on patients with gastric cancer. ADVANCES IN DIGESTIVE MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aid2.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yao Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital; New Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wen-Liang Fang
- Division of General Surgery; Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- School of Medicine; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hung Huang
- Division of General Surgery; Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- School of Medicine; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Lai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital; New Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hwai-Jeng Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital; New Taipei Taiwan
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33
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Zhu HT, Liu RB, Liang YY, Hasan AME, Wang HY, Shao Q, Zhang ZC, Wang J, He CY, Wang F, Shao JY. Serum microRNA profiles as diagnostic biomarkers for HBV-positive hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int 2017; 37:888-896. [PMID: 28061012 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The discovery of effective and reliable biomarkers to detect hepatitis B virus (HBV)-positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at an early stage may improve the survival of HCC. The aim of this study was to establish serum microRNA (miRNA) profiles as diagnostic biomarkers for HBV-positive HCC. METHODS We used deep sequencing to screen serum miRNAs in a discovery cohort (n=100). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays were then applied to evaluate the expression of selected miRNAs. A diagnostic 2-miRNA panel was established by a logistic regression model using a training cohort (n=182). The predicted probability of being detected as HCC was used to construct the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used to assess the diagnostic performance of the selected miRNA panel. RESULTS The predicted probability of being detected as HCC by the 2-miRNA panel was calculated by: logit P=-2.988 + 1.299 × miR-27b-3p + 1.245 × miR-192-5p. These results were further confirmed in a validation cohort (n=246).The miRNA panel provided a high diagnostic accuracy of HCC (AUC=0.842, P<.0001 for training set; AUC=0.836, P<.0001 for validation set respectively). In addition, the miRNA panel showed better prediction of HCC diagnosis than did alpha-foetoprotein (AFP). The miRNA panel also differentiated HCC from healthy (AUC=0.823, P<.0001), and cirrhosis patients (AUC=0.859, P<.0001) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Differentially expressed serum miRNAs may have considerable clinical value in HCC diagnosis, and be particularly helpful for AFP-negative HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Tu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Yong Liang
- Department of paediatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Abdulbaqi M E Hasan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Yun He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Yong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Bozkaya Y, Doğan M, Yazıcı O, Erdem GU, Demirci NS, Zengin N. The efficacy of modified docetaxel-cisplatin-5-fluorouracil regimen as first-line treatment in patients with alpha-fetoprotein producing gastric carcinoma. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2017; 17:138-143. [PMID: 28273032 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2017.1684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein producing gastric carcinoma (AFP-PGC) is a rare cancer for which limited data on the clinicopathological features and treatment modalities exist. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of modified docetaxel-cisplatin-5-fluorouracil (mDCF) as the first-line chemotherapy regimen in metastatic AFP-PGC and non-AFP-PGC. The patients diagnosed with metastatic gastric cancer who were given mDCF as first-line therapy were retrospectively reviewed. The patients with a basal serum AFP level over 9 ng/ml were defined as AFP-PGC patients. In total, 169 patients (34 with AFP-PGC and 135 with non-AFP-PGC) were included in this study. AFP-PGC patients had more liver metastases than non-AFP-PGC patients (p < 0.001). A decrease in basal AFP levels after three cycles of chemotherapy was significantly different in AFP-PGC group (p = 0.001).Overall disease control rate was 79.4% (partial response [PR] - 44.1%, stable disease [SD] - 35.3%), and 82.2% (complete response - 3%, PR - 36.2%, SD - 43%) in AFP-PGC and non-AFP-PGC patients, respectively. There was no difference between AFP-PGC and non-AFP-PGC groups in overall and progression-free survival rates (11.3 versus 11.4 months and 7.7 versus 7.1 months, respectively). Rates of grade 3-4 hematologic toxicity were 8.8% and 6.7% for neutropenia in AFP-PGC and non-AFP-PGC group, respectively and 5.9% and 7.4% for anemia. In conclusion, mDCF regimen is well-tolerated with acceptable toxicity outcomes in both AFP-PGC and non-AFP-PGC patients. A statistically significant decrease in AFP levels after mDCF regimen indicate that AFP might be considered as a supplemental marker of response to mDCF chemotherapy in AFP-PGC patients. However, further prospective clinical trials are required in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakup Bozkaya
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
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35
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Chen S, Chen H, Gao S, Qiu S, Zhou H, Yu M, Tu J. Differential expression of plasma microRNA-125b in hepatitis B virus-related liver diseases and diagnostic potential for hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2017; 47:312-320. [PMID: 27152955 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM Acting as a tumor suppressor, microRNA (miR)-125b shows aberrant low expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and researchers have found that its dysregulation has a close relationship with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Here, we investigated the expression profile of this miRNA in the plasma of healthy subjects and patients with chronic HBV-related liver diseases in order to confirm the feasibility of this circulating miRNA as a differential diagnostic biomarker for HBV-induced HCC (HBV-HCC). METHODS A total of 242 individuals were enrolled in this study. The expression levels of plasma miR-125b were examined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction technology. RESULTS The levels of plasma miR-125b were remarkably decreased in HBV-HCC patients compared to healthy controls and HBV subjects without HCC (all P < 0.001), and the low plasma miR-125b levels in HBV-HCC patients were associated with higher prevalence of metastasis (P = 0.021). The receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that plasma miR-125b presented a high accuracy (area under the curve = 0.891, 0.958, 0.958) for diagnosing HBV-HCC cases from healthy controls and patients with chronic hepatitis B and HBV-related liver cirrhosis, respectively. In addition, our study found that the expression levels of plasma miR-125b in HBV patients without HCC were higher than those in healthy subjects (P < 0.001); it yielded an area under the curve of 0.691 in discriminating patients with chronic HBV infection who were negative for HCC from healthy controls. CONCLUSION The measurement of plasma-based miR-125b holds promise as a diagnostic marker for HBV-HCC differential diagnosis and for chronic HBV viral infection. Those HBV-infected individuals with increased risk of HCC would be detected early through monitoring the changes in this circulating miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shili Qiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingxia Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiancheng Tu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Farvardin S, Patel J, Khambaty M, Yerokun OA, Mok H, Tiro JA, Yopp AC, Parikh ND, Marrero JA, Singal AG. Patient-reported barriers are associated with lower hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance rates in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2017; 65:875-884. [PMID: 27531684 PMCID: PMC5568252 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Over 20% of patients with cirrhosis are nonadherent with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance recommendations; however, few studies have evaluated the impact of patient-level factors on surveillance receipt. We characterized the association between HCC surveillance receipt and patient knowledge, attitudes, and perceived barriers in a racially diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged cohort of patients with cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis followed at a large urban hospital were invited to complete a survey about HCC surveillance between August 2014 and December 2015. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with HCC surveillance receipt during the 12-month period preceding and 6-month period after survey administration. We achieved a response rate of 71.8% (n = 541 of 753). Patients demonstrated high levels of HCC-related knowledge (summary score, 77.7%); however, 48.6% believed that eating a healthy diet precluded the need for HCC surveillance, and 34.0% believed that HCC surveillance was not necessary if they had a normal physical exam and/or lacked clinical symptoms. Patients expressed worry about developing and dying from HCC, but nearly half (49.9%) of patients reported barriers to receiving HCC surveillance, including difficulty with the scheduling process (30.5%), costs of surveillance testing (25.3%), and transportation difficulties (17.3%). HCC surveillance receipt was significantly higher in patients who knew cirrhosis is a risk factor for developing HCC (odds ratio [OR], 3.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-7.62) and significantly lower in those reporting barriers to surveillance (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.25-0.70). CONCLUSION Patients with cirrhosis are knowledgeable and interested in HCC surveillance; however, patient-reported barriers are associated with lower surveillance rates in clinical practice and represent potential intervention targets to improve HCC surveillance effectiveness. (Hepatology 2017;65:875-884).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherean Farvardin
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center and Parkland Health Hospital System, Dallas, TX,ADDRESS CORRESPONDENCE AND REPRINT REQUESTS TO: Amit G. Singal, M.D., M.S., Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5959 Harry Hines Boulevard, POB 1, Suite 420, Dallas TX 75390-8887, , Tel: +1-214-645-6029
| | - Jaimin Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center and Parkland Health Hospital System, Dallas, TX,ADDRESS CORRESPONDENCE AND REPRINT REQUESTS TO: Amit G. Singal, M.D., M.S., Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5959 Harry Hines Boulevard, POB 1, Suite 420, Dallas TX 75390-8887, , Tel: +1-214-645-6029
| | - Maleka Khambaty
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center and Parkland Health Hospital System, Dallas, TX
| | - Olutola A. Yerokun
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center and Parkland Health Hospital System, Dallas, TX
| | - Huram Mok
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center and Parkland Health Hospital System, Dallas, TX
| | - Jasmin A. Tiro
- Harold C. Simmons Cancer CenterUT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX,Department of Clinical SciencesUT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Adam C. Yopp
- Harold C. Simmons Cancer CenterUT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX,Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Neehar D. Parikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jorge A. Marrero
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center and Parkland Health Hospital System, Dallas, TX
| | - Amit G. Singal
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center and Parkland Health Hospital System, Dallas, TX,Harold C. Simmons Cancer CenterUT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX,Department of Clinical SciencesUT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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M Hussain M, Al Mahtab M, Islam S, Ahmed N, Rahman S, Khan M. Relationship between Hepatitis B Viral Deoxyribonucleic Acid Load and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol 2017; 7:111-112. [PMID: 29201789 PMCID: PMC5663791 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an established cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with poor prognosis. High HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) load has been identified in HCC and hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patients. Materials and methods: This study was done in the Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2006 to December 2007. Thirty patients with HBV infection-related HCC were enrolled. Another 30 patients with HBV-related liver diseases without HCC were analyzed as controls. Results: The HCC patients had a high viral load (>105 copies/mL), while all of the controls had low (<105 copies/mL) viral load. Conclusion: It seems that patients with HCC bear high HBV DNA loads in Bangladesh, but the causes underlying this remain to be resolved. How to cite this article: Hussain MM, Al Mahtab M, Islam S, Ahmed N, Rahman S, Khan M. Relationship between Hepatitis B Viral Deoxyribonucleic Acid Load and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):111-112.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad M Hussain
- Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mamun Al Mahtab
- Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shahidul Islam
- Department of Oncology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nooruddin Ahmed
- Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Salimur Rahman
- Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mobin Khan
- Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Varlamova EG, Cheremushkina IV. Contribution of mammalian selenocysteine-containing proteins to carcinogenesis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 39:76-85. [PMID: 27908428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by a sharp growth of free radicals in the organism is a major cause underlying the occurrence of all kinds of malignant formations. Selenium is an important essential trace element found in selenoproteins in the form of selenocysteine, an amino acid differing from cysteine for the presence of selenium instead of sulfur and making such proteins highly active. To date the role of selenium has been extensively investigated through studying the functions of selenoproteins in carcinogenesis. Analysis of the obtained results clearly demonstrates that selenoproteins can act as oncosuppressors, but can also, on the contrary, favor the formation of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gennadyevna Varlamova
- Federal State Institution of Science Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Region, Institutskaya st. 3, 142290, Pushchino, Russia.
| | - Irina Valentinovna Cheremushkina
- Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Engineering Technology, Prospect revolution st. 19, 394000, Voronezh, Russia.
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Tajiri H, Takano T, Tanaka H, Ushijima K, Inui A, Miyoshi Y, Ozono K, Abukawa D, Endo T, Brooks S, Tanaka Y. Hepatocellular carcinoma in children and young patients with chronic HBV infection and the usefulness of alpha-fetoprotein assessment. Cancer Med 2016; 5:3102-3110. [PMID: 27748053 PMCID: PMC5119965 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the study were to elucidate the clinical characteristics of patients who developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to persistent HBV infection since childhood and to investigate usefulness of assessing alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) in this population. A nationwide multicenter survey of children with chronic HBV infection was performed. Among 548 patients, 15 patients developed HCC at the median age of 15 years (range 9–36), including 13 males and 2 females. A case–control comparison showed that HBeAg seroconversion and liver cirrhosis were associated with the occurrence of HCC. Of the 15 HCC patients, 5 were treated with interferon and none of them responded to interferon therapy as compared with 12 of the 17 responders in the control group. Of the 15 patients, 10 died and 9 of the 10 who died never visited any medical facilities until diagnosis of HCC, while the remaining 5 surviving patients never stopped their clinic visits. The usefulness of AFP assessment was shown by the findings that AFP levels were elevated in all HCC cases, that elevations in AFP levels were detected prior to the diagnosis in the surviving patients, and that sensitivity of AFP as a diagnostic test for HCC was very high among 40 patients including our 14 and an additional 26 collected from the literature. HBeAg seroconversion and liver cirrhosis are associated with the occurrence of HCC. Regular measurement of AFP might be helpful to watch for the occurrence of HCC when following children and young patients with chronic HBV infection since childhood
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Tajiri
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takano
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Tanaka
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ushijima
- Department of Pediatrics, Kurume University Medical Center, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ayano Inui
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Yokohama City Tobu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoko Miyoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ozono
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Daiki Abukawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Stephen Brooks
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Virology and Liver Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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40
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Balogh J, Victor D, Asham EH, Burroughs SG, Boktour M, Saharia A, Li X, Ghobrial RM, Monsour HP. Hepatocellular carcinoma: a review. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2016; 3:41-53. [PMID: 27785449 PMCID: PMC5063561 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s61146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 725] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy and is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In the United States, HCC is the ninth leading cause of cancer deaths. Despite advances in prevention techniques, screening, and new technologies in both diagnosis and treatment, incidence and mortality continue to rise. Cirrhosis remains the most important risk factor for the development of HCC regardless of etiology. Hepatitis B and C are independent risk factors for the development of cirrhosis. Alcohol consumption remains an important additional risk factor in the United States as alcohol abuse is five times higher than hepatitis C. Diagnosis is confirmed without pathologic confirmation. Screening includes both radiologic tests, such as ultrasound, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, and serological markers such as α-fetoprotein at 6-month intervals. Multiple treatment modalities exist; however, only orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) or surgical resection is curative. OLT is available for patients who meet or are downstaged into the Milan or University of San Francisco criteria. Additional treatment modalities include transarterial chemoembolization, radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, percutaneous ethanol injection, cryoablation, radiation therapy, systemic chemotherapy, and molecularly targeted therapies. Selection of a treatment modality is based on tumor size, location, extrahepatic spread, and underlying liver function. HCC is an aggressive cancer that occurs in the setting of cirrhosis and commonly presents in advanced stages. HCC can be prevented if there are appropriate measures taken, including hepatitis B virus vaccination, universal screening of blood products, use of safe injection practices, treatment and education of alcoholics and intravenous drug users, and initiation of antiviral therapy. Continued improvement in both surgical and nonsurgical approaches has demonstrated significant benefits in overall survival. While OLT remains the only curative surgical procedure, the shortage of available organs precludes this therapy for many patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Balogh
- Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery
| | - David Victor
- Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Department of Gastroenterology and Transplant Hepatology
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emad H Asham
- Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery
| | - Sherilyn Gordon Burroughs
- Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery
| | - Maha Boktour
- Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery
| | - Ashish Saharia
- Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery
| | - Xian Li
- Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery
| | - R Mark Ghobrial
- Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery
| | - Howard P Monsour
- Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Department of Gastroenterology and Transplant Hepatology
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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41
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He S, Hu XW, Wang D, Han LF, Zhang DC, Wei C. Accuracy of microRNAs for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2016; 40:405-17. [PMID: 27016891 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high morbidity, mortality and late detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it becomes a major public health challenge. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be aberrantly expressed in patients with HCC and thus may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers. The aim of this study was to systematically assess the diagnostic accuracy of miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosing HCC through a meta-analysis. Our results indicated that serum miRNAs had a relatively high diagnostic value for HCC diagnosis; the combination of serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) and miRNAs displayed a better diagnostic accuracy than using AFP or miRNAs alone; the combination of multiple miRNAs assay in serum had the highest diagnostic accuracy in HCC diagnosis based on the published data. In conclusion, our meta-analysis suggests that miRNAs, especially serum miRNAs, had a relatively high diagnostic value for HCC diagnosis, which can discriminate HCC from healthy subjects and those with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis easily, and may serve as a novel, less-invasive screening tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song He
- Maanshan Center for Clinical Laboratory, Maanshan Municipal Hospital Group, 45, Hubei Road, Maanshan 243000, China.
| | - Xiao-Wu Hu
- Maanshan Center for Clinical Laboratory, Maanshan Municipal Hospital Group, 45, Hubei Road, Maanshan 243000, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Maanshan Center for Clinical Laboratory, Maanshan Municipal Hospital Group, 45, Hubei Road, Maanshan 243000, China
| | - Ling-Fei Han
- Maanshan Center for Clinical Laboratory, Maanshan Municipal Hospital Group, 45, Hubei Road, Maanshan 243000, China
| | - De-Chun Zhang
- Molecular Medicine & Tumor Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Cheng Wei
- Maanshan Center for Clinical Laboratory, Maanshan Municipal Hospital Group, 45, Hubei Road, Maanshan 243000, China
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Yu J, Han J, Zhang J, Li G, Liu H, Cui X, Xu Y, Li T, Liu J, Wang C. The long noncoding RNAs PVT1 and uc002mbe.2 in sera provide a new supplementary method for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4436. [PMID: 27495068 PMCID: PMC4979822 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver in adults worldwide. Several studies have demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the development of various types of cancer, including HCC. These findings prompted us to examine the detectability of lncRNAs in blood samples from patients with HCC. In this study, we explored the expression levels of 31 cancer-related lncRNAs in sera from 71 HCC patients and 64 healthy individuals by reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). We found that 25 lncRNAs could be detected in the serum and that 7 had significantly different expression levels. A 2-lncRNA signature (PVT1 and uc002mbe.2) identified by stepwise regression showed potential as a diagnostic marker for HCC. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.764 (95% CI: 0.684-0.833). The sensitivity and specificity values of this serum 2-lncRNA signature for distinguishing HCC patients from the healthy group were 60.56% and 90.62%, respectively. The diagnostic ability of the combination of the serum 2-lncRNA signature with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was much greater than that of AFP alone. The expression levels of the 2 lncRNAs were associated with clinical parameters including tumor size, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage, and serum bilirubin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Junqing Han
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Guanzhen Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology
| | | | | | - Tao Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | | | - Chuanxi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
- Correspondence: Chuanxi Wang, PhD, Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250021 China (e-mail: )
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Chun S, Rhie SY, Ki CS, Kim JE, Park HD. Evaluation of alpha-fetoprotein as a screening marker for hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis prevalent areas. Ann Hepatol 2016; 14:882-8. [PMID: 26436360 DOI: 10.5604/16652681.1171776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to establish modified cutoff values of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) according to hepatitis status. While AFP is used as a serum marker in the diagnosis or monitoring of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), its use as a screening method to the general population is controversial. We evaluated its screening performance in a hepatitis prevalent East Asian population, and suggest different cutoff values according to the individual's hepatitis status. We evaluated the performance of AFP as a screening test in 48,123 consecutive Koreans during the period from March, 2012 to August, 2013 who underwent routine health checks at a single institution. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated with fixed cutoff and with modified cutoffs according the individual's hepatitis status. A total of 24 out of 48,123 subject (0.05%) were newly diagnosed with HCC after screening. Among the 1,874 subject with positive hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), 17 (0.91%) developed HCC, compared with two out of 393 (0.51%) individuals with hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV). Five out of 45,855 (0.01%) subject with neither HBsAg nor anti-HCV developed HCC. Compared to the performance of a fixed cutoff, specificity, PPV, and NPV improved without sacrificing sensitivity when applying modified cutoff. In conclusion, our findings suggest that AFP with modified cutoffs according to the individual's hepatitis status might be a useful screening marker for HCC in hepatitis prevalent areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejong Chun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Yeon Rhie
- Center for Health Promotion, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seok Ki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Eun Kim
- Center for Health Promotion, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Doo Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Huang GQ, Zhu GQ, Huang S, You J, Shi KQ, Hu B, Ruan LY, Zhou MT, Braddock M, Zheng MH. Combined AFP-CRUT with microvascular invasion accurately predicts mortality risk in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma following curative liver resection. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 9:1127-38. [PMID: 26186642 DOI: 10.1586/17474124.2015.1057503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To establish and validate an equation of α-fetoprotein (AFP) change rate over unit time (AFP-CRUT) as a potential predictor of survival after resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS The AFP-CRUT was constructed based on dynamic variation in AFP over time and then categorized into quintiles. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed the performance for survival prediction. RESULTS As independent risk factors associated with mortality, microvascular invasion (MVI) (p = 0.003) and AFP-CRUT quintiles (p = 0.048) were combined to enhance the predictive effect. The highest 5-year overall survival rate following curative liver resection (93%) was observed in patients with MVI absent and AFP-CRUT in quintile 1 (49.64 to 209.61). In contrast, the lowest 5-year overall survival (7%) was obtained in quintile 5 (-469.29 to 6.45) with MVI present. In validation cohorts at both 12 and 24 months, AFP-CRUT performed well as a potential prognostic biomarker. CONCLUSIONS Combining AFP-CRUT quintiles with MVI may predict significantly improved outcomes and enhance the predictive power for patient responses to therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Qian Huang
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Ahn DG, Kim HJ, Kang H, Lee HW, Bae SH, Lee JH, Paik YH, Lee JS. Feasibility of α-fetoprotein as a diagnostic tool for hepatocellular carcinoma in Korea. Korean J Intern Med 2016; 31:46-53. [PMID: 26767857 PMCID: PMC4712434 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2016.31.1.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of α-fetoprotein (AFP) as a diagnostic tool for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Korean patients. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of HCC and cirrhosis patients at three hospitals. For each HCC patient, a cirrhosis patient matched for age, sex, etiology, and Child-Pugh classification was selected by simple random sampling. The performance of AFP in the diagnosis of HCC was determined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS A total of 732 patients with HCC or cirrhosis were selected for each case and the control groups. The mean age was 54 years, and 72.4% of patients were male. The mean serum AFP levels in the HCC group and cirrhosis group were 3,315.6 and 117.2 ng/mL, respectively (p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for all HCC patients was 0.757. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of AFP was 50.55%, 87.70%, and 80.43%, respectively, at a cut-off of 20 ng/mL; 37.70%, 95.90%, and 90.20%, respectively, at a cut-off of 100 ng/mL, and 30.05%, 97.27%, and 91.67%, respectively, at a cut-off of 200 ng/mL. A cut-off of 100 ng/mL was more sensitive than one of 200 ng/mL with equivalent specificity and positive predictive value. CONCLUSIONS The cut-off AFP value for early-stage HCC was 17.4 ng/mL. Our study cautiously suggests that AFP has a role in the diagnosis of HCC, and that the appropriate value of AFP for the diagnosis of HCC may be 100 ng/mL rather than 200 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Geon Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Hyung Joon Kim, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea Tel: +82-2-6299-1376 Fax: +82-2-825-7571 E-mail:
| | - Hyun Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Woong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Si Hyun Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Hyoek Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Han Paik
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - June Sung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea
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Liu W, Zhang A, Xu G, Wei F, Yang J, Hu Q. Manganese modified CdTe/CdS quantum dots as an immunoassay biosensor for the detection of Golgi protein-73. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 117:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Fornari F, Ferracin M, Trerè D, Milazzo M, Marinelli S, Galassi M, Venerandi L, Pollutri D, Patrizi C, Borghi A, Foschi FG, Stefanini GF, Negrini M, Bolondi L, Gramantieri L. Circulating microRNAs, miR-939, miR-595, miR-519d and miR-494, Identify Cirrhotic Patients with HCC. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141448. [PMID: 26509672 PMCID: PMC4624953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of circulating biomarkers for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is sub-optimal. In this study we tested circulating microRNAs as biomarkers for HCC in cirrhotic patients by performing a two stage study: a discovery phase conducted by microarray and a validation phase performed by qRT-PCR in an independent series of 118 patients. Beside miRNAs emerged from the discovery phase, miR-21, miR-221, miR-519d were also tested in the validation setting on the basis of literary and tissue findings. Deregulated microRNAs were assayed in HCC-derived cells in the intracellular compartment, cell culture supernatant and exosomal fraction. Serum and tissue microRNA levels were compared in 14 patients surgically treated for HCC. From the discovery study, it emerged that seven circulating microRNAs were differentially expressed in cirrhotic patients with and without HCC. In the validation set, miR-939, miR-595 and miR-519d were shown to differentiate cirrhotic patients with and without HCC. MiR-939 and miR-595 are independent factors for HCC. ROC curves of miR-939, miR-595 and miR-519d displayed that AUC was higher than AFP. An exosomal secretion of miR-519d, miR-21, miR-221 and miR-1228 and a correlation between circulating and tissue levels of miR-519d, miR-494 and miR-21 were found in HCC patients. Therefore, we show that circulating microRNAs deserve attention as non-invasive biomarkers in the diagnostic setting of HCC and that exosomal secretion contributes to discharging a subset of microRNAs into the extracellular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fornari
- Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi e Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Diagnostica e Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Davide Trerè
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maddalena Milazzo
- Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi e Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Marinelli
- Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi e Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marzia Galassi
- Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi e Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Venerandi
- Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi e Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Pollutri
- Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi e Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Clarissa Patrizi
- Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi e Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Borghi
- Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi e Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Massimo Negrini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Diagnostica e Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luigi Bolondi
- Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi e Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Gramantieri
- Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi e Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Hepatocellular carcinoma: can circulating tumor cells and radiogenomics deliver personalized care? Am J Clin Oncol 2015; 38:431-6. [PMID: 25238287 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The 'omics revolution is facilitating a personalized approach to improving outcome by refining diagnosis, staging, treatment, and monitoring of hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, the promise of being able to target a range of specific tumor drivers at a molecular level offers exciting new therapy prospects for a disease that is notoriously difficult to treat. We provide a unique perspective combining our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma development with the potential of circulating tumor cells and radiogenomics to change the drivers of decision-making used in current practice.
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Ferraro S, Mozzi R, Panteghini M. Tumor Marker Ordering: Do Not Lose Control: A Prospective Clinical Trial. Am J Clin Pathol 2015; 144:649-58. [PMID: 26386087 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpnzapjrb3t6kk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we evaluated the extent of inappropriate tumor marker (TM) ordering in a secondary care setting, approximately 6 years after the introduction of local guidelines, and we identified the main factors potentially influencing clinicians when performing an inappropriate TM request. METHODS For this purpose, we regularly checked all requests containing more than two TMs. During the 21-month audit, the rate of rejected requests amounted to 3.6%. Several of those were performed for diagnostic purposes. The most frequent and inappropriately requested TMs were carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19.9. RESULTS The inappropriateness of requests appeared to be linked to the need for more education and knowledge on their clinical applicability and limitations. The clinical motivation was generally associated with patients displaying nonspecific signs/symptoms (ie, weight loss with worsening general conditions), having an incidentally positive result to some recently performed TM tests, or being tested by a TM to avoid more expensive diagnostic imaging procedures. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that real-time control and management of inappropriate requests by laboratory professionals may be relevant to increase the clinical efficacy of TM testing and useful in perspective to drive the introduction of new validated biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ferraro
- Clinical Pathology Unit, ‘Luigi Sacco’ University Hospital, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Mozzi
- Clinical Pathology Unit, ‘Luigi Sacco’ University Hospital, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Panteghini
- Clinical Pathology Unit, ‘Luigi Sacco’ University Hospital, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Huang JT, Liu SM, Ma H, Yang Y, Zhang X, Sun H, Zhang X, Xu J, Wang J. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Circulating miRNAs for Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2015; 231:328-35. [PMID: 26291451 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Because early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is difficult to diagnose using the existing techniques, identifying better biomarkers would likely improve the patients' prognoses. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies to appraise the utility of microRNAs (miRNAs) for the early diagnosis of HCC. Pertinent literature was collected from the Medline, Embase, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. We analyzed 50 studies that included 3423 cases of HCC, 2403 chronic hepatic disease (CH) patients, and 1887 healthy controls in 16 articles. Summary receiver operating characteristic analyses of all miRNAs showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82, with 75.8% sensitivity and 75.0% specificity in discriminating patients with HCC from healthy controls. miR-21 and miR-122 individually distinguished patients with HCC from healthy controls, with an AUC of 0.88 for miR-21 and 0.77 for miR-122. The sensitivity and specificity for miR-21 were 86.6% and 79.5%, respectively, those for miR-122 were 68.0% and 73.3%. We conclude that circulating miRNAs, particularly miR-21, and miR-122, are promising biomarkers for the early diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Tao Huang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Song-Mei Liu
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Haiqing Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, Jinshan District, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Sun
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, Jinshan District, P. R. China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, Jinshan District, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, Jinshan District, P. R. China.,Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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