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Kumar Sharma S. The Importance of Organocatalysis (Asymmetric and Non‐Asymmetric) in Agrochemicals. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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2
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Chandrasekaran S, Tambo M, Yamazaki Y, Muramatsu T, Kanda Y, Hirose T, Kodama K. Enantioseparation of 3-Hydroxycarboxylic Acids via Diastereomeric Salt Formation by 2-Amino-1,2-diphenylethanol (ADPE) and Cinchonidine. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010114. [PMID: 36615310 PMCID: PMC9822485 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Enantioseparation of 3-hydroxycarboxylic acids via diastereomeric salt formation was demonstrated using 2-amino-1,2-diphenylethanol (ADPE) and cinchonidine as the resolving agents. Racemic 3-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoic acid (rac-1), 3-hydroxy-4-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid (rac-2), and 3-hydroxy-5-phenylpentanoic acid (rac-3) were efficiently resolved using these resolving agents. Moreover, the successive crystallization of the less-soluble diastereomeric salt of 1 and cinchonidine using EtOH yielded pure (R)-1 · cinchonidine salt in a high yield. The crystal structures of less-soluble diastereomeric salts were elucidated and it was revealed that hydrogen bonding and CH/π interactions play an important role in reinforcing the structure of the less-soluble diastereomeric salts.
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Wang Y, Tang S, Yang G, Wang S, Ma D, Qiu Y. Electrocarboxylation of Aryl Epoxides with CO
2
for the Facile and Selective Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207746. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shunyao Tang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Guoqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Siyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dengke Ma
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Youai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
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Wang Y, Tang S, Yang G, Wang S, Ma D, Qiu Y. Electrocarboxylation of Aryl Epoxides with CO2 for the Facile and Selective Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | | | - Siyi Wang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Dengke Ma
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Youai Qiu
- Nankai University College of Chemistry 94 Weijin Road 300071 Tianjin CHINA
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Sharma SK, Paniraj ASR, Tambe YB. Developments in the Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Agrochemicals and Their Synthetic Importance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14761-14780. [PMID: 34847666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic asymmetric synthesis has become an essential tool for the enantioselective synthesis of pharmaceuticals, natural products, and agrochemicals (mainly fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, and pheromones). With continuous growing interest in both modern agricultural chemistry and catalytic asymmetric synthesis chemistry, this review provides a comprehensive overview of some earlier reports as well as the recent successful applications of various catalytic asymmetric syntheses methodologies, such as enantioselective hydroformylation, enantioselective hydrogenation, asymmetric Sharpless epoxidation and dihydroxylation, asymmetric cyclopropanation or isomerization, organocatalyzed asymmetric synthesis, and so forth, which have been used as key steps in the preparation of chiral agrochemicals (on R&D, piloting, and commercial scales). Chiral agrochemicals can also lead the new generation of such chemicals having specific and novel modes of action for achieving sustainable crop protection and production. Some perspectives and challenges for these catalytic asymmetric methodologies in the synthesis of chiral agrochemicals are also briefly discussed in the final section of the manuscript. This review will provide the insight regarding understanding, development, and evaluation of catalytic asymmetric systems for the synthesis of chiral agrochemicals among the agrochemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Sharma
- Rallis Research Centre, No. 73/1C and 73/1D, Byregowda Industrial Estate, Srigandhanagar, Hegganhalli, Bangalore 560091, Karnataka, India
| | - Alilugatta Sheshagiri Rao Paniraj
- Rallis Research Centre, No. 73/1C and 73/1D, Byregowda Industrial Estate, Srigandhanagar, Hegganhalli, Bangalore 560091, Karnataka, India
| | - Yashwant Bhikaji Tambe
- Rallis Research Centre, No. 73/1C and 73/1D, Byregowda Industrial Estate, Srigandhanagar, Hegganhalli, Bangalore 560091, Karnataka, India
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Wang ZQ, Chen JH, Qiu X, Ma JG, Cheng P. Conversion of CO 2 to Heterocyclohexenol Carboxylic Acids through a Metal-Organic Framework Sponge. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7389-7395. [PMID: 33528991 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of CO2 into high value-added chemical products is the focus of current scientific research. We make use of the specific porous structure of nanosized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) loading the highly active yet metastable nano Cu2O to catalyze the conversion of CO2 into a series of high value-added bioactive pyridone/pyrone-3-carboxylic acid products via heterocyclic 4-hydroxy-2-pyridones/pyrones, which exhibit high activity, selectivity, and reusability. Nano MOF sponge-covered metastable nanoparticles (NPs) converting CO2 into high value-added bioproducts provide a facile "dual-side surfactant" strategy, a highly efficient composite catalyst, and a practicable pathway not only for the sustainable use of CO2 but also for environment-friendly production of bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry (MOE), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Huo Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry (MOE), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohang Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry (MOE), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Gong Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry (MOE), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry (MOE), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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7
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Marco-Contelles J. The Synthesis of Ipsenol and Ipsdienol: A Review (1968-2020). CHEM REC 2021; 21:858-878. [PMID: 33539044 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein I present a review on the synthesis of ipsenol and ipsdienol, two aggregation pheromones of bark beetles, isolated from different species of genus Ips, and serious pests of conifer forests. I have covered the literature for around fifty years, since 1968 to 2020. This account has been divided in different sections and sub-sections, including a general and brief outlook on their isolation, structure and biological activity, to continue with the reported synthesis of racemic ipsenol and ipsdienol, including my own contribution to topic, and the presentation of reports describing the synthesis of enantiomerically pure ipsenol and ipsdienol. Particular attention has been devoted to identify and highlight racemic or enantiomerically pure "isoprene synthons", and isoprenylation methods employed in the synthesis of ipsenol and ipsdienol, of general interest for related terpene derivatives synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (IQOG, CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006-, Madrid, Spain
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Fang J, Liu M, Zhang S, Liu F, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Kong X. Chemical signal interactions of the bark beetle with fungal symbionts, and host/non-host trees. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:6084-6091. [PMID: 32589724 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The symbiosis between the bark beetle (Ips subelongatus) and its fungal symbiont (Endoconidiophora fujiensis) poses a serious threat to larch forests. However, the signaling pathways between these symbiotic partners and their host/non-host trees are not fully understood. Inoculation of the host larch (Larix principis-rupprechtii) with two strains of E. fujiensis induced a rapid and long-term release of monoterpenes. Although the fungi had a level of tolerance to these compounds, many monoterpenes inhibited fungal growth in culture. Moreover, monoterpenes with stronger inhibitory effects on fungal growth exhibited weaker synergistic effects on the attraction of I. subelongatus to aggregation pheromone. Surprisingly, individual isomers of aggregation pheromone components promoted fungal symbiont growth in a culture medium. Non-host volatiles (NHVs) were tested and shown to completely inhibit the growth of fungal symbionts in culture but had no effects on beetle responses to aggregation pheromone, with the exception of (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol. These results reveal convergence and mutualism patterns in the evolution of I. subelongatus and E. fujiensis with respect to host tree volatiles but not in response to NHVs. Ultimately, we put forward a hypothesis that host plants are ecological and evolutionary determinants of bark beetle-fungus symbioses in terms of their complex signaling interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Man Liu
- Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Sufang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Fu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xiangbo Kong
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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9
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Direct Carboxylation of C(sp3)-H and C(sp2)-H Bonds with CO2 by Transition-Metal-Catalyzed and Base-Mediated Reactions. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7120380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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10
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Aguirre-Pranzoni C, Bisogno FR, Orden AA, Kurina-Sanz M. Lyophilized Rhodotorula yeast as all-in-one redox biocatalyst: Access to enantiopure building blocks by simple chemoenzymatic one-pot procedures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Bisai V, Bisai A, Singh VK. Enantioselective organocatalytic aldol reaction using small organic molecules. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Ankati H, Zhu D, Yang Y, Biehl ER, Hua L. Asymmetric synthesis of both antipodes of beta-hydroxy nitriles and beta-hydroxy carboxylic acids via enzymatic reduction or sequential reduction/hydrolysis. J Org Chem 2009; 74:1658-62. [PMID: 19161324 DOI: 10.1021/jo802495f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Use of isolated carbonyl reductases in the reduction of aromatic beta-ketonitriles have completely eliminated the competing alpha-ethylation, which is often observed with whole cell biocatalysts. By choosing suitable recombinant carbonyl reductase, the reduction of beta-ketonitriles afforded (R)- or (S)-beta-hydroxy nitriles with excellent optical purity and yield. Subsequently, nitrilase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the obtained optically pure beta-hydroxy nitriles led to the corresponding beta-hydroxy carboxylic acids in high yields. More importantly, the sequential enzymatic reduction and hydrolysis could be carried out in "two-step-one-pot" fashion without the isolation of intermediates beta-hydroxy nitriles, lowering the cost and minimizing the environmental impact. This allows ready access to both antipodes of chiral beta-hydroxy nitriles and beta-hydroxy carboxylic acids of pharmaceutical importance with excellent optical purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haribabu Ankati
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
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14
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β-Hydroxycarboxylic Acids from Simple Ketones by Carboxylation and Asymmetric Hydrogenation. Adv Synth Catal 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200800516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Zhu D, Ankati H, Mukherjee C, Yang Y, Biehl ER, Hua L. Asymmetric reduction of beta-ketonitriles with a recombinant carbonyl reductase and enzymatic transformation to optically pure beta-hydroxy carboxylic acids. Org Lett 2007; 9:2561-3. [PMID: 17521195 DOI: 10.1021/ol070962b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-ethylation is concomitant with the reduction of aromatic beta-ketonitriles catalyzed by whole-cell biocatalysts. Use of isolated carbonyl reductase has completely eliminated this competing reaction. (R)-beta-Hydroxy nitriles were obtained via a reduction catalyzed by a recombinant carbonyl reductase with excellent optical purity and were further converted to (R)-beta-hydroxy carboxylic acids via a nitrilase-catalyzed hydrolysis. The present study allows ready access to both chiral beta-hydroxy nitriles and beta-hydroxy carboxylic acids of pharmaceutical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
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16
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Alexeev Y, Vasilchenko I, Kharisov B, Blanco L, Garnovskii A, Zhdanov Y. Review: synthetically modified carbohydrates as ligands. J COORD CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00958970412331297523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu.E. Alexeev
- a Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry , Rostov State University , Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
- b South Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences , 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Chekhova st. 4.1, Russia
| | - I.S. Vasilchenko
- a Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry , Rostov State University , Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
- b South Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences , 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Chekhova st. 4.1, Russia
| | - B.I. Kharisov
- c Faculdad de Ciencias Quimicas , Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon , Monterrey, Mexico
| | - L.M. Blanco
- c Faculdad de Ciencias Quimicas , Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon , Monterrey, Mexico
| | - A.D. Garnovskii
- a Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry , Rostov State University , Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
- b South Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences , 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Chekhova st. 4.1, Russia
| | - Yu.A. Zhdanov
- a Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry , Rostov State University , Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
- b South Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences , 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Chekhova st. 4.1, Russia
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Concellón JM, Concellón C. Aldol-type Reactions of Unmasked Iodoacetic Acid with Carbonyl Compounds Promoted by Samarium Diiodide: Efficient Synthesis of Carboxylic 3-Hydroxyacids and Their Derivatives. J Org Chem 2006; 71:4428-32. [PMID: 16749770 DOI: 10.1021/jo060118j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An easy, direct, general, and efficient samarium diiodide-mediated preparation of 3-hydroxyacids 1 in high yield by reaction of different aldehydes or ketones with commercially available iodoacetic acid is described. The application of different esterification procedures to the crude 3-hydroxyacids so obtained afforded the corresponding 3-hydroxyesters. Also, the cyclization of crude 3-hydroxycarboxylic acids allowed the preparation of beta-lactones. A mechanism is proposed to explain the synthesis of 3-hydroxyacids 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Concellón
- Departamento de Química Organica e Inorganica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julian Clavería 8, 33071 Oviedo, Spain.
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18
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Vedø P, Chauvin R, Li Z, Bernet B, Vasella A. Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Ferrocenes from Glycofuranosyl-cyclopentadienes, synthetic equivalents of (alkoxyalkyl)fulvenes. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19940770620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Albert M, Seebach D, Duchardt E, Schwalbe H. Synthesis and NMR Analysis in Solution of Oligo(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) Derivatives with the Side Chains of Alanine, Valine, and Leucine (β-Depsides): Coming Full Circle from PHB toβ-Peptides to PHB. Helv Chim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1522-2675(200202)85:2<633::aid-hlca633>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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Jessen L, Haupt ET, Heck J. Organometallic supramolecular chemistry with monosaccharides: triethylammonium mu-chloro-bis[chloro(eta5-cyclopentadienyl)-(methyl 4,6-o-benzylidene-beta-D-glucopyranosidato-1kappaO2,1:2kappaO3) zirconate]. Chemistry 2001; 7:3791-7. [PMID: 11575781 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3765(20010903)7:17<3791::aid-chem3791>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of [CpZrCl3(thf)2] with methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside (beta-MeBGH2, 1) in the presence of Et3N results in the formation of the zirconate complex [Et3NH] [(CpZrCl)2(mu-Cl) (mu-(beta-MeBG)]2] (2). X-ray structure analyses were performed from the ligand precursor beta-MeBGH2 1 as well as from 2. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic chiral space group P2(1). The molecules show a flat arrangement including the benzylidene protecting group, and are packed in columns. The columns are held together in pairs by the formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxy functions in positions 2 and 3. Compound 2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1). The beta-MeBG ligands are chelating the Zr atoms through the oxygen atoms in positions 2 and 3 of the glucopyranosidato ligand revealing a 1-zircona-2,5-dioxolane moiety each; the oxygen atom in position 3 is linked to both of the Zr atoms. Additionally one chloro ligand is bridging the two Zr centers. Two terminally bound chloro ligands stick out from the two Zr atoms into a chiral U-shaped cavity constructed by the two beta-MeBG ligands. The cavity incorporates the tertiary ammonium cation [Et3NH]+ which is bound to one of the terminal chloro ligands through a hydrogen bond. The inclusion of the [Et3NH]+ cation in the U-shaped cavity, even in solution, is demonstrated by NMR spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jessen
- Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, Hamburg, Germany
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21
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List B, Pojarliev P, Castello C. Proline-catalyzed asymmetric aldol reactions between ketones and alpha-unsubstituted aldehydes. Org Lett 2001; 3:573-5. [PMID: 11178828 DOI: 10.1021/ol006976y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] With this communication we extend the methodology of proline-catalyzed direct asymmetric aldol reactions to include alpha-unsubstituted aldehydes as acceptors. This important aldehyde class gives the corresponding aldols in 22-77% yield and up to 95% ee when the reactions are performed in pure acetone or in ketone/chloroform mixtures. On the basis of these results we have developed a concise new synthesis of (S)-ipsenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- B List
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
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22
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Katritzky AR, Serdyuk L, Toader D, Wang X. A Four-Carbon Unit Reagent for the Regiospecific Synthesis of 2-Alkyl-Substituted 1,3-Butadienes. J Org Chem 1999; 64:1888-1892. [PMID: 11674278 DOI: 10.1021/jo9818881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2-Alkyl-substituted butadienes are synthesized starting from a masked butadiene reagent, which allows the regiospecific synthesis of 2-alkylbutadienes by lithiation and subsequent reaction with alkyl halides or aliphatic aldehydes. The regioselectivity of the reaction with allylic halides and aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes is studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R. Katritzky
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200
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23
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Wang Z, Zhao C, Pierce ME, Fortunak JM. Enantioselective synthesis of β-hydroxy carboxylic acids: direct conversion of β-oxocarboxylic acids to enantiomerically enriched β-hydroxy carboxylic acids via neighboring group control. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(98)00502-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Sheppeck JE, Liu W, Chamberlin AR. Total Synthesis of the Serine/Threonine-Specific Protein Phosphatase Inhibitor Tautomycin(1). J Org Chem 1997; 62:387-398. [PMID: 11671414 DOI: 10.1021/jo961633s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A convergent, asymmetric synthesis of the protein phosphatase inhibitor, tautomycin, is described. The natural product was constructed by joining two major fragments of comparable complexity at the C21-C22 bond. Absolute stereochemistry of the C1-C21 ketone originates from (S)-citronellene and (2R,3S)-geraniol epoxide. The anti stereochemical relationships at C6-C7 and C18-C19 were introduced with Duthaler's chiral titanium propionic enolate. Syn stereochemical relationships at C13-C14 and C23-C24 were established using an Evan's oxazolidinone chiral auxiliary. The spiroketal was efficiently constructed via a one-pot double-alkylation-spirocyclization sequence with acetone N,N-dimethylhydrazone serving as the central linchpin. Final coupling of the two halves using a chelation-controlled Mukaiyama aldol addition followed by deprotection yielded synthetic tautomycin that is identical to the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. Sheppeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92717
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