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Ahamad S, Abdulla M, Saquib M, Kamil Hussain M. Pseudo-Natural Products: Expanding chemical and biological space by surpassing natural constraints. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107525. [PMID: 38852308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the recent advancements in the design and synthesis of pseudo-natural products (pseudo-NPs) by employing innovative principles and strategies, heralding a transformative era in chemistry and biology. Pseudo-NPs, produced through in silico fragmentation and the de novo recombination of natural product fragments, reveal compounds endowed with distinct biological activities. Their advantage lies in transcending natural product structures, fostering diverse possibilities. Research in this area over the past decade has yielded unconventional combinations of natural product fragments, leading to the identification of novel compounds possessing unique scaffolds and biological significance, thereby contributing to the discovery of new therapeutics. The pseudo-NPs exert potent biological effects through various signaling pathways. In chemical biology and medicinal chemistry, designing pseudo-NPs is an important strategy, harnessing molecular hybridization and bioinspired synthesis to generate diverse compounds with remarkable biological activities, underscoring their immense potential in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India.
| | - Mohd Abdulla
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow-226025, India
| | - Mohammad Saquib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211002, UP, India; Department of Chemistry, G. R. P. B. Degree College, P. R. S. University, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211010, UP, India.
| | - Mohd Kamil Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Raza P.G. College, Rampur-244901, UP, India.
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Kovács F, Gopisetty MK, Adamecz DI, Kiricsi M, Enyedy ÉA, Frank É. Synthesis and conversion of primary and secondary 2-aminoestradiols into A-ring-integrated benzoxazolone hybrids and their in vitro anticancer activity. RSC Adv 2021; 11:13885-13896. [PMID: 35423928 PMCID: PMC8697693 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01889b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid systems are often endowed with completely different and improved properties compared to their parent compounds. In order to extend the chemical space toward sterane-based molecular hybrids, a number of estradiol-derived benzoxazol-2-ones with combined aromatic rings were synthesized via the corresponding 2-aminophenol intermediates. 2-Aminoestradiol was first prepared from estrone by a two-step nitration/reduction sequence under mild reaction conditions. Subsequent reductive aminations with different arylaldehydes furnished secondary 2-aminoestradiol derivatives in good yields. The proton dissociation processes of the aminoestradiols were investigated in aqueous solution by UV-visible spectrophotometric titrations to reveal their actual chemical forms at physiological pH. The determined pK1 and pK2 values are attributed to the +NH3 or +NH2R and OH moieties, and both varied by the different R substituents of the amino group. Primary and secondary 2-aminoestradiols were next reacted with carbonyldiimidazole as a phosgene equivalent to introduce a carbonyl group with simultaneous ring-closure to give A-ring-fused oxazolone derivatives in high yields. The novel aminoestradiols and benzoxazolones were subjected to in vitro cytotoxicity analysis and were found to exert cancer cell specific activity. Estradiol–benzoxazolone hybrids with a common aromatic moiety were efficiently synthesized via primary and secondary aminophenol intermediates, and their anticancer activities were investigated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Kovács
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Szeged Dóm tér 8 H-6720 Szeged Hungary +36-62-544-275
| | - Mohana K Gopisetty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged Közép fasor 52 H-6726 Szeged Hungary
| | - Dóra I Adamecz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged Közép fasor 52 H-6726 Szeged Hungary
| | - Mónika Kiricsi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged Közép fasor 52 H-6726 Szeged Hungary
| | - Éva A Enyedy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged Dóm tér 7 H-6720 Szeged Hungary.,MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged Dóm tér 7 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Éva Frank
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Szeged Dóm tér 8 H-6720 Szeged Hungary +36-62-544-275
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Borah P, Shivling VD, Banik BK, Sahoo BM. An Overview on Steroids and Microwave Energy in Multi-Component Reactions towards the Synthesis of Novel Hybrid Molecules. Curr Org Synth 2020; 17:594-609. [PMID: 32359339 DOI: 10.2174/1570179417666200503050106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, hybrid systems are gaining considerable attention owing to their various biological applications in drug development. Generally, hybrid molecules are constructed from different molecular entities to generate a new functional molecule with improved biological activities. There already exist a large number of naturally occurring hybrid molecules based on both non-steroid and steroid frameworks synthesized by nature through mixed biosynthetic pathways such as, a) integration of the different biosynthetic pathways or b) Carbon- Carbon bond formation between different components derived through different biosynthetic pathways. Multicomponent reactions are a great way to generate efficient libraries of hybrid compounds with high diversity. Throughout the scientific history, the most common factors developing technologies are less energy consumption and avoiding the use of hazardous reagents. In this case, microwave energy plays a vital role in chemical transformations since it involves two very essential criteria of synthesis, minimizing energy consumption required for heating and time required for the reaction. This review summarizes the use of microwave energy in the synthesis of steroidal and non-steroidal hybrid molecules and the use of multicomponent reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Biswa Mohan Sahoo
- Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Berhampur-760010, Odisha, India
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Caffrey CR, El‐Sakkary N, Mäder P, Krieg R, Becker K, Schlitzer M, Drewry DH, Vennerstrom JL, Grevelding CG. Drug Discovery and Development for Schistosomiasis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527808656.ch8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Liu Y, Jacobs HK, Gopalan AS. A new approach to cyclic hydroxamic acids: Intramolecular cyclization of N-benzyloxy carbamates with carbon nucleophiles. Tetrahedron 2011; 67:2206-2214. [PMID: 21499514 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
N-Alkyl-N-benzyloxy carbamates, 2, undergo facile intramolecular cyclization with a variety of carbon nucleophiles to give functionalized 5- and 6-membered protected cyclic hydroxamic acids, 3, in good to excellent yields. This method can be extended to prepare seven-membered cyclic hydroxamic acids in moderate yields. The sulfone intermediates 3 from this study can be alkylated while the corresponding phosphonates have been shown to undergo HWE reaction. The α,β-unsaturated synthon, 8, prepared by thermal elimination of sulfoxide 3m, undergoes Michael addition with secondary amines. The usefulness of this approach to prepare polydentate chelators has been demonstrated by the synthesis of bis cyclic hydroxamic acids 12, 14, and 15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, MSC 3C, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001
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Lange C, Holzhey N, Schönecker B, Beckert R, Möllmann U, Dahse HM. Omega-pyridiniumalkylethers of steroidal phenols: new compounds with potent antibacterial and antiproliferative activities. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 12:3357-62. [PMID: 15158804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2003] [Accepted: 03/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel omega-pyridiniumalkylethers of two steroidal phenols were synthesized as compounds with potential antimicrobial activity. 3-Hydroxy-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one and 1-hydroxy-4-methyl-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one were reacted with omega,omega'-dibromoalkanes to omega-bromoalkoxy-estra-1,3,5(10)-trienes followed by reaction with pyridine to obtain the desired steroidal omega-pyridiniumalkoxy compounds as bromides. Their antimicrobial activity against strains of multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis and fast growing mycobacteria depends clearly on the length of the alkyl chain. A strong broadband activity has been found for the compounds with eight or 10 C-atoms; in some cases better than ciprofloxacin or cetylpyridinium salts. In addition, the antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity depends on the chain length, too. The differentiation between antibacterial and cytotoxic activity is better for the steroid hybrid molecules than the cetylpyridinium salts. These new compounds can serve as lead compounds for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lange
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Lessingstr. 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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Singh V, Lahiri S, Kane VV, Stey T, Stalke D. Efficient stereoselective synthesis of novel steroid-polyquinane hybrids. Org Lett 2003; 5:2199-202. [PMID: 12816408 DOI: 10.1021/ol0342960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A synthesis of steroid-polyquinane hybrids, a new class of molecular entities, is described. [reaction: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwakarma Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay 400 076, India.
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Tietze LF, Schneider G, Wölfling J, Nöbel T, Wulff C, Schubert I, Rübeling A. Effiziente Synthese eines neuartigen Estron‐Talaromycin‐Hybrid‐Naturstoffes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19980918)110:18<2644::aid-ange2644>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F. Tietze
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität, Tammannstraße 2, D‐37077 Göttingen, Fax: (+49) 551‐399476
| | - Gyula Schneider
- Department of Organic Chemistry, József Attila University, Dom tér 8, H‐6720 Szeged (Ungarn), Fax: (+36) 62‐454276
| | - János Wölfling
- Department of Organic Chemistry, József Attila University, Dom tér 8, H‐6720 Szeged (Ungarn), Fax: (+36) 62‐454276
| | - Thomas Nöbel
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität, Tammannstraße 2, D‐37077 Göttingen, Fax: (+49) 551‐399476
| | - Christian Wulff
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität, Tammannstraße 2, D‐37077 Göttingen, Fax: (+49) 551‐399476
| | - Ingrid Schubert
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität, Tammannstraße 2, D‐37077 Göttingen, Fax: (+49) 551‐399476
| | - Angela Rübeling
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität, Tammannstraße 2, D‐37077 Göttingen, Fax: (+49) 551‐399476
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