1
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Rickert SC, Luo SXL, Bahr J, Kohn J, Xue M, Hansen A, Grimme S, Jester SS, Swager TM, Höger S. Flexible Phenanthracene Nanotubes for Explosive Detection. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2986-2996. [PMID: 38263586 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Phenanthracene nanotubes with arylene-ethynylene-butadiynylene rims and phenanthracene walls are synthesized in a modular bottom-up approach. One of the rims carries hexadecyloxy side chains, mediating the affinity to highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the nanotubes are much more flexible than their structural formulas suggest: In 12, the phenanthracene units act as hinges that flip the two macrocycles relative to each other to one of two possible sites, as quantum mechanical models suggest and scanning tunneling microscopy investigations prove. Unexpectedly, both theory and experiment show for 13 that the three phenanthracene hinges are deflected from the upright position, accompanied by a deformation of both macrocycles from their idealized sturdy macroporous geometry. This flexibility together with their affinity to carbon-rich substrates allows for an efficient host-guest chemistry at the solid/gas interface opening the potential for applications in single-walled carbon nanotube-based sensing, and the applicability to build new sensors for the detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene via nitroaromatic markers is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Rickert
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Shao-Xiong Lennon Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Joshua Bahr
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Kohn
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mantian Xue
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan-S Jester
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sigurd Höger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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2
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Mahmood A, Dimitrova M, Wirz LN, Sundholm D. Magnetically Induced Current Densities in π-Conjugated Porphyrin Nanoballs. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:7864-7873. [PMID: 36270016 PMCID: PMC9639160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Magnetically induced current densities (MICDs) of Zn-porphyrinoid nanostructures have been studied at the density functional theory level using the B3LYP functional and the def2-SVP basis set. Six of the studied Zn-porphyrinoid nanostructures consist of two crossing porphyrinoid belts, and one is a porphyrinoid nanoball belonging to the octahedral (O) point group. The Zn-porphyrin units are connected to each other via butadiyne linkers as in a recently synthesized porphyrinoid structure resembling two crossed belts. The MICDs are calculated using the gauge-including magnetically induced current method. Current-density pathways and their strengths were determined by numerically integrating the MICD passing through selected planes that cross chemical bonds or molecular rings. The current-density calculations show that the studied neutral molecules are globally nonaromatic but locally aromatic sustaining ring currents only in the individual porphyrin rings or around two neighboring porphyrins. The ring-current strengths of the individual porphyrin rings are 20% weaker than in Zn-porphyrin, whereas oxidation leads to globally aromatic cations sustaining ring currents that are somewhat stronger than for Zn-porphyrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Helsinki, A. I. Virtasen
Aukio 1, P.O. Box
55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Dimitrova
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Helsinki, A. I. Virtasen
Aukio 1, P.O. Box
55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lukas N. Wirz
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Helsinki, A. I. Virtasen
Aukio 1, P.O. Box
55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dage Sundholm
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Helsinki, A. I. Virtasen
Aukio 1, P.O. Box
55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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3
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Idrees S, Li Z, Fang F, He H, Majeed I, Zhang Y, Osuka A, Cao Y, Zeng Z, Li X, Jiang HW. Porphyrin nanotubes based on a hydrogen-bonded organic framework. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:14630-14635. [PMID: 36165071 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02499c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tubular structures offer a wide variety of applications; therefore, designing such materials with distinct dimensions is highly desirable yet challenging. In the current report, we have demonstrated the synthesis of a one-dimensional (1D) tubular assembly comprising porphyrin nanoring subunits. The porphyrin nanoring (PNR) 2 bearing ester groups was synthesized via Pt-mediated cyclization and then hydrolyzed to obtain PNR 3 with carboxylic groups. Under optimized conditions, porphyrin nanotubes (PNTs) were formed through hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic groups of 3. The morphology investigated by both SEM and TEM displayed well-defined arrays of nanotube bundles up to several micrometers long. Small crystals of PNTs were obtained by heating a solution of 3 in DMSO. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) accompanied by selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) exhibited a line of diffractions with d-spacing values of 6.17, 3.08, 2.07, and 1.57 Å. The miller indices of these diffractions could be assigned as 300, 600, 900, and 1200, respectively, suggesting that an ordered structure of 1D PNTs has been formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumra Idrees
- GDMPA Key Laboratory for Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhikai Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Fang Fang
- Instrumental Analysis Centre of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Huowang He
- GDMPA Key Laboratory for Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Irfan Majeed
- GDMPA Key Laboratory for Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yihuan Zhang
- GDMPA Key Laboratory for Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Zhuo Zeng
- GDMPA Key Laboratory for Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Hua-Wei Jiang
- GDMPA Key Laboratory for Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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4
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Roy I, David AHG, Das PJ, Pe DJ, Stoddart JF. Fluorescent cyclophanes and their applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5557-5605. [PMID: 35704949 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00352b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
With the serendipitous discovery of crown ethers by Pedersen more than half a century ago and the subsequent introduction of host-guest chemistry and supramolecular chemistry by Cram and Lehn, respectively, followed by the design and synthesis of wholly synthetic cyclophanes-in particular, fluorescent cyclophanes, having rich structural characteristics and functions-have been the focus of considerable research activity during the past few decades. Cyclophanes with remarkable emissive properties have been investigated continuously over the years and employed in numerous applications across the field of science and technology. In this Review, we feature the recent developments in the chemistry of fluorescent cyclophanes, along with their design and synthesis. Their host-guest chemistry and applications related to their structure and properties are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Arthur H G David
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Partha Jyoti Das
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - David J Pe
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA. .,School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310021, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou, 311215, China
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5
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Menon A, Münich PW, Wagner P, Officer DL, Guldi DM. Amphiphilic Zinc Porphyrin Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Hybrids: Efficient Formation and Excited State Charge Transfer Studies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005648. [PMID: 33458948 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the microscopic and spectroscopic characterization of a novel non-covalent electron donor-acceptor system, in which three different metalloporphyrins (1, 2, and 3) play the dual role of light harvester and electron donor with SWCNTs as electron acceptor, is described. To this end, microscopy, that is, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) corroborate the formation of 1-SWCNT, 2-SWCNT, and 3-SWCNT. Spectroscopy by means of Raman, fluorescence, and transient absorption spectroscopy confirmed efficient charge-transfer interaction from photoexcited metalloporphyrins to SWCNTs in the ground and excited state of 1-SWCNT, 2-SWCNT, and 3-SWCNT. The complementary use of spectroelectrochemical and transient absorption measurements substantiates the formation of one-electron oxidized metalloporphyrins after photoexcitation. Multiwavelength global analysis provides insights into the charge-separation and recombination processes in 1-SWCNT, 2-SWCNT, and 3-SWCNT upon photoexcitation. Notably, both the charge-separation and recombination dynamics are fastest in 2-SWCNT. Importantly, the strongest interactions in the steady-state experiments are associated with the fastest excited state decay in the time-resolved measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Menon
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter W Münich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pawel Wagner
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Faculty, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - David L Officer
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Faculty, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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6
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Papadopoulos I, Menon A, Plass F, Molina D, Harreiß C, Kahnt A, Spiecker E, Sastre-Santos Á, Guldi DM. Efficient charge-transfer from diketopyrrolopyrroles to single-walled carbon nanotubes. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:11544-11551. [PMID: 34184025 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03105h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this contribution, the excited state charge-transfer interactions between single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and a variety of phenyl, 4-bromophenyl, and thiophene substituted diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs), is described. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and aberration corrected high resolution transmission electron microscopy (AC-HRTEM) corroborated the successful formation of DPP/SWCNTs. Steady-state absorption, fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopies all gave insights into the impact on their ground and excited states as well as on the nature of their electronic communication/interaction. Of great value was time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy on the femto- and nanosecond time-scales; it assisted in deciphering the charge-transfer mechanism from the DPPs to the SWCNT and in analyzing the dynamics thereof with transfer efficiencies of up to 81%. Important confirmation for the one-electron oxidized DPPs came from pulse radiolysis assays with focus on establishing their spectral fingerprints. Our full-fledged work demonstrates that the successful preparation of stable DPP/SWCNTs represents an important step towards establishing them as a viable alternative to porphyrin-based systems in emerging applications such as solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Papadopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Arjun Menon
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Fabian Plass
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Desiré Molina
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
| | - Christina Harreiß
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM) and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Axel Kahnt
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM) and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ángela Sastre-Santos
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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7
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Mirzaei S, Castro E, Hernández Sánchez R. Conjugated Molecular Nanotubes. Chemistry 2021; 27:8642-8655. [PMID: 33780560 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Molecular compounds with permanent tubular architectures displaying radial π-conjugation are exceedingly rare. Their radial and axial delocalization presents them with unique optical and electronic properties, such as remarkable tuning of their Stokes shifts, and redox switching between global and local aromaticity. Although these tubular compounds display large internal void spaces, these attributes have not been extensively explored, thus presenting future opportunities in the development of materials. By using cutting-edge synthetic methodologies to bend aromatic surfaces, large opportunities in synthesis, property discovery, and applications are expected in new members of this family of conjugated molecular nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Dietrich School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Edison Castro
- Department of Chemistry, Dietrich School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Raúl Hernández Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry, Dietrich School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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8
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Guo QH, Qiu Y, Wang MX, Fraser Stoddart J. Aromatic hydrocarbon belts. Nat Chem 2021; 13:402-419. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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9
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Zhang P, Yin Y, Wang Z, Yu C, Zhu Y, Yan D, Liu W, Mai Y. Porphyrin-Based Conjugated Microporous Polymer Tubes: Template-Free Synthesis and A Photocatalyst for Visible-Light-Driven Thiocyanation of Anilines. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yucheng Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhengxin Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yizhou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Deyue Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Weimin Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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10
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Cheung KY, Segawa Y, Itami K. Synthetic Strategies of Carbon Nanobelts and Related Belt-Shaped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Chemistry 2020; 26:14791-14801. [PMID: 32572996 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The development of carbon nanobelts and related belt-shaped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons has gained momentum in recent years. This Minireview focuses on the synthetic strategies used in constructing these aesthetically appealing molecular nanocarbons. Examples of carbon nanobelts and related belt-shaped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons reported in recent years as well as some representative synthetic attempts in earlier times are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Yin Cheung
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Segawa
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.,Department of Structural Molecular Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan (ROC
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11
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Unlu I, Dixon ADC, Brozik JA, Hipps KW. Alkynyl Linkers as a Design Tool to Gain Control over the Self-Assembly of Meso-Substituted Porphyrins on HOPG. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:4897-4907. [PMID: 32338912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) fall generally into two broad categories: those that are covalently bound either to the surface or to each other and those that rely on weaker forces such as hydrogen bonding or van der Waals forces. The engineering of the structure of SAMs formed from weaker forces is an exciting and complex field that often utilizes long alkane substituents bound to core moieties. The core provides the unique optical, electronic, or catalytic property desired, while the interdigitation of the alkane chains provides the means for creating well-regulated patterns of cores on the substrate. This design technique sometimes fails because some of the alkane substituents remain extended into solution rather than become interdigitated on the substrate. One contributor to this is steric hindrance between elements of the core and of the alkane chain. It is shown that the use of an alkyne linker between the core and the alkane chain can, in the case of meso-substituted porphyrins, significantly reduce this steric barrier and allow more stable and predictable surface structures to form. In particular, 5,15-bis(1-octynyl)porphyrin and 5,15-bis(1-tetradecynyl)porphyrin are shown to form significantly more stable SAMs than their alkane-linked counterparts. Scanning tunneling microscopy is used to provide detailed surface structures. Temperature and solution concentration dependence of the surface coverage is also reported. Density functional theory (DFT) is used to determine the energetic effects associated with alkane substitution at both the meso and β positions and the beneficial energetic effects of the alkyne linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilyas Unlu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163-4630, United States
| | - Alexandre D C Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163-4630, United States
| | - James A Brozik
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163-4630, United States
| | - K W Hipps
- Materials Science & Engineering Program, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163-2711, United States
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12
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Xie Y, Xu M, Wang L, Liang H, Wang L, Song Y. Iron-porphyrin-based covalent-organic frameworks for electrochemical sensing H 2O 2 and pH. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 112:110864. [PMID: 32409033 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Here, a novel iron-porphyrin-based covalent organic framework (COFp-Fepor NH2-BTA) was synthesized and applied for electrochemical sensing H2O2 and pH which involved in many biological processes. The COFp-Fepor NH2-BTA was obtained by post-modification of porphyrin-based COF (COFp-por NH2-BTA) which was firstly synthesized by aldehyde-ammonia condensation reaction between 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxaldehyde and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)-21H,23H- porphine. The COFp-por NH2-BTA was proved to be regular and uniform spherical particles with diameter about 1 μm, as well as possessed good crystalline structure and abundant micropores of about 1.4 nm. The resulted COFp-Fepor NH2-BTA after post-modification with Fe2+ maintained the original shape and crystalline structure of COFp-por NH2-BTA, while the micropores decreased to be about 0.89 nm. Electrochemical results indicated that the synthesized COFp-Fepor NH2-BTA had good electrochemical redox and proton activity owing to iron-porphyrin, enabling to simultaneously be used as mimic peroxidase to catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and evaluate pH using current and potential as signal, respectively. The prepared sensor showed good performance for H2O2 detection from 6.85 nM to 7 μM with the detection limit of 2.06 nM (S/N = 3), and pH test from 3.0 to 9.0. This work demonstrated that the iron-porphyrin-based COF could be used as a mimic peroxidase to apply in biological fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Mengli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Huihui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Linyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Yonghai Song
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
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13
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Ren L, Gopalakrishna TY, Park I, Han Y, Wu J. Porphyrin/Quinoidal‐Bithiophene‐Based Macrocycles and Their Dications: Template‐Free Synthesis and Global Aromaticity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2230-2234. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Longbin Ren
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | | | - In‐Hyeok Park
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Yi Han
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin UniversityInternational Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207 China
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14
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Gu MD, Lu Y, Wang MX. Synthesis of Butadiynyl-Strapped Corona[6]arenes and Their Selective Anion Binding Properties. J Org Chem 2019; 85:2312-2320. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Di Gu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yao Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mei-Xiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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15
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Porphyrin/Quinoidal‐Bithiophene‐Based Macrocycles and Their Dications: Template‐Free Synthesis and Global Aromaticity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Chiba Y, Oka Y, Masai H, Matsuda W, Fujihara T, Tsuji Y, Terao J. Two-step template method for synthesis of axis-length-controlled porphyrin-containing hollow structures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6755-6758. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02866h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
π-Conjugated porphyrin-containing hollow structures with defined axis-length were successfully synthesized by a two-step template method, i.e., template-assisted cyclization and oligomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Chiba
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Yuki Oka
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Meguro-ku
- Tokyo 153-8902
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masai
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Meguro-ku
- Tokyo 153-8902
- Japan
| | - Wakana Matsuda
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | | | - Yasushi Tsuji
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Jun Terao
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Meguro-ku
- Tokyo 153-8902
- Japan
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