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Robertson DD, Cumberbatch H, Pe DJ, Yao Y, Tolbert SH. Understanding How the Suppression of Insertion-Induced Phase Transitions Leads to Fast Charging in Nanoscale Li xMoO 2. ACS Nano 2024; 18:996-1012. [PMID: 38153208 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Fast-charging Li-ion batteries are technologically important for the electrification of transportation and the implementation of grid-scale storage, and additional fundamental understanding of high-rate insertion reactions is necessary to overcome current rate limitations. In particular, phase transformations during ion insertion have been hypothesized to slow charging. Nanoscale materials with modified transformation behavior often show much faster kinetics, but the mechanism for these changes and their specific contribution to fast-charging remain poorly understood. In this work, we combine operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction with electrochemical kinetics analyses to illustrate how nanoscale crystal size leads to suppression of first-order insertion-induced phase transitions and their negative kinetic effects in MoO2, a tunnel structure host material. In electrodes made with micrometer-scale particles, large first-order phase transitions during cycling lower capacity, slow charge storage, and decrease cycle life. In medium-sized nanoporous MoO2, the phase transitions remain first-order, but show a considerably smaller miscibility gap and shorter two-phase coexistence region. Finally, in small MoO2 nanocrystals, the structural evolution during lithiation becomes entirely single-phase/solid-solution. For all nanostructured materials, the changes to the phase transition dynamics lead to dramatic improvements in capacity, rate capability, and cycle life. This work highlights the continuous evolution from a kinetically hindered battery material in bulk form to a fast-charging, pseudocapacitive material through nanoscale size effects. As such, it provides key insight into how phase transitions can be effectively controlled using nanoscale size and emphasizes the importance of these structural dynamics to the fast rate capability observed in nanostructured electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Robertson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Helen Cumberbatch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - David J Pe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Yiyi Yao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Sarah H Tolbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1595, United States
- The California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Abstract
With the serendipitous discovery of crown ethers by Pedersen more than half a century ago and the subsequent introduction of host-guest chemistry and supramolecular chemistry by Cram and Lehn, respectively, followed by the design and synthesis of wholly synthetic cyclophanes-in particular, fluorescent cyclophanes, having rich structural characteristics and functions-have been the focus of considerable research activity during the past few decades. Cyclophanes with remarkable emissive properties have been investigated continuously over the years and employed in numerous applications across the field of science and technology. In this Review, we feature the recent developments in the chemistry of fluorescent cyclophanes, along with their design and synthesis. Their host-guest chemistry and applications related to their structure and properties are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Arthur H G David
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Partha Jyoti Das
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - David J Pe
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA. .,School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310021, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou, 311215, China
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Lee K, Ni X, Lee JY, Arafa H, Pe DJ, Xu S, Avila R, Irie M, Lee JH, Easterlin RL, Kim DH, Chung HU, Olabisi OO, Getaneh S, Chung E, Hill M, Bell J, Jang H, Liu C, Park JB, Kim J, Kim SB, Mehta S, Pharr M, Tzavelis A, Reeder JT, Huang I, Deng Y, Xie Z, Davies CR, Huang Y, Rogers JA. Mechano-acoustic sensing of physiological processes and body motions via a soft wireless device placed at the suprasternal notch. Nat Biomed Eng 2019; 4:148-158. [PMID: 31768002 PMCID: PMC7035153 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-019-0480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Skin-mounted soft electronics incorporating high-bandwidth triaxial accelerometers can provide broad classes of physiologically relevant information, such as mechanoacoustic signatures of underlying body processes (such as those captured by a stethoscope) and precision kinematics of core body motions. Here, we describe a wireless device designed to be conformally placed on the suprasternal notch for the continuous measurement of mechanoacoustic signals, from subtle vibrations of the skin at accelerations of ~10−3 m·s−2 to large motions of the entire body at ~10 m·s−2, and at frequencies up to ~800 Hz. Because th measurements are a complex superposition of signals that arise from locomotion, body orientation, swallowing, respiration, cardiac activity, vocal-fold vibrations and other sources, we used frequency-domain analysis and machine learning to obtain, from human subjects during natural daily activities and exercise, real-time recordings of heart rate, respiration rate, energy intensity and other essential vital signs, as well as talking time and cadence, swallow counts and patterns, and other unconventional biomarkers. We also used the device in sleep laboratories, and validated the measurements via polysomnography.
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Affiliation(s)
- KunHyuck Lee
- Simpson Querry Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Xiaoyue Ni
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jong Yoon Lee
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hany Arafa
- Simpson Querry Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - David J Pe
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Shuai Xu
- Simpson Querry Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Raudel Avila
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Masahiro Irie
- Simpson Querry Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Joo Hee Lee
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ryder L Easterlin
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ha Uk Chung
- Simpson Querry Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Omolara O Olabisi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Selam Getaneh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Esther Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Marc Hill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jeremy Bell
- Department of Economics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hokyung Jang
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Claire Liu
- Simpson Querry Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jun Bin Park
- Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jungwoo Kim
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sung Bong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sunita Mehta
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Matt Pharr
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Andreas Tzavelis
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan T Reeder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ivy Huang
- Simpson Querry Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yujun Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoqian Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Charles R Davies
- Carle Neuroscience Institute, Carle Physician Group, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - John A Rogers
- Simpson Querry Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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