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Emami Zeydi A, Zare‐Kaseb A, Nazari AM, Ghazanfari MJ, Sarmadi S. Mask-related pressure injury prevention associated with non-invasive ventilation: A systematic review. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14909. [PMID: 38826030 PMCID: PMC11144948 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive ventilation interfaces are one of the main factors contributing to pressure injuries caused by medical devices. Prevention is still the best course of action when discussing noninvasive ventilation-induced pressure injuries. A systematic review was designed to summarize and analyse all published literature on strategies to prevent pressure injuries caused by masks in patients undergoing noninvasive ventilation. The protocol of the systematic review followed the PRISMA guideline. An extensive search from the beginning to May 16, 2023, using current articles in databases such as Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library was conducted. Medical Subject Headings (MESH) were used as follows: "Pressure Injury," "Noninvasive Ventilation," "Prevention," and "Pressure Sore." Any language-published studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in this review. A risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool, including evaluation methodologies for all studies. Database searches yielded 2546 articles, which were reduced to 23 that met our criteria after reviewing full texts. A narrative synthesis was conducted. As a result, type of interface (14 studies), dressings (4 studies), adjustment of mask leakage (1 study), humidity (1 study), positioning (1 study), and design of personalized masks (2 studies) seem to be a practical approach to prevent pressure injuries caused by masks in patients undergoing noninvasive ventilation. The results of our study show the effectiveness of preventive methods in reducing the incidence of pressure injuries caused by masks. Given the significant occurrence of pressure injury related to noninvasive ventilation and the crucial role of prevention and treatment, it is imperative to conduct more rigorous studies to ascertain the efficacy of each strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Emami Zeydi
- Department of Medical‐Surgical Nursing, Nasibeh School of Nursing and MidwiferyMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Akbar Zare‐Kaseb
- Nursing and Midwifery SchoolShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Amir Mohamad Nazari
- Nursing and Midwifery SchoolShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Javad Ghazanfari
- Department of Medical‐Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sogand Sarmadi
- Nursing and Midwifery SchoolShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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2
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Wisdom C, Chartrain N, Blaize-Wise K, Klarmann GJ, Gilchrist KH, Ho VB. Point-of-Need Additive Manufacturing in Austere Arctic Environments: An Evaluation of Medical Logistics Requirements and Capabilities Demonstration. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:232. [PMID: 38534507 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11030232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical response to military conflicts, natural disasters, and humanitarian crises are challenged by operational logistics with unreliable supply chains, delayed medical evacuation, and compatibility of the disparate medical equipment and consumables. In these environments, stocks of supplies will become more quickly depleted and the need for equipment parts increases secondary to their higher likelihood for failure from overuse. Additive Manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, at or closer to the point-of-need provides potential solutions to mitigate these logistics challenges. AM's ability to tailor the resultant product through computer design enables real-time modification of a product to meet a specific situation. In this study, we deployed two different 3D printers to an arctic locale to demonstrate the utility of 3D printing and bioprinting in austere environments. Deployment of AM solutions in austere environments will likely impact medical care following natural disasters and conflicts with contested logistics. The work presented here furthers the readiness status of AM for use in austere environments to manufacture medical equipment parts and demonstrates its potential use for tissue engineering and advanced medical treatments in remote environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cate Wisdom
- 4DBio3 Center for Biotechnology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 9410 Key West Ave., Suite 150, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- The Geneva Foundation, 950 Broadway, Suite 307, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Nicholas Chartrain
- 4DBio3 Center for Biotechnology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 9410 Key West Ave., Suite 150, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- The Geneva Foundation, 950 Broadway, Suite 307, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Kelli Blaize-Wise
- 4DBio3 Center for Biotechnology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 9410 Key West Ave., Suite 150, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- The Geneva Foundation, 950 Broadway, Suite 307, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - George J Klarmann
- 4DBio3 Center for Biotechnology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 9410 Key West Ave., Suite 150, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- The Geneva Foundation, 950 Broadway, Suite 307, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Kristin H Gilchrist
- 4DBio3 Center for Biotechnology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 9410 Key West Ave., Suite 150, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- The Geneva Foundation, 950 Broadway, Suite 307, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Vincent B Ho
- 4DBio3 Center for Biotechnology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 9410 Key West Ave., Suite 150, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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3
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Cerda A, Rivera M, Armijo G, Ibarra-Henriquez C, Reyes J, Blázquez-Sánchez P, Avilés J, Arce A, Seguel A, Brown AJ, Vásquez Y, Cortez-San Martín M, Cubillos FA, García P, Ferres M, Ramírez-Sarmiento CA, Federici F, Gutiérrez RA. An Open One-Step RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297081. [PMID: 38271448 PMCID: PMC10810446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in millions of deaths globally, and while several diagnostic systems were proposed, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains the gold standard. However, diagnostic reagents, including enzymes used in RT-PCR, are subject to centralized production models and intellectual property restrictions, which present a challenge for less developed countries. With the aim of generating a standardized One-Step open RT-qPCR protocol to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in clinical samples, we purified and tested recombinant enzymes and a non-proprietary buffer. The protocol utilized M-MLV RT and Taq DNA pol enzymes to perform a Taqman probe-based assay. Synthetic RNA samples were used to validate the One-Step RT-qPCR components, demonstrating sensitivity comparable to a commercial kit routinely employed in clinical settings for patient diagnosis. Further evaluation on 40 clinical samples (20 positive and 20 negative) confirmed its comparable diagnostic accuracy. This study represents a proof of concept for an open approach to developing diagnostic kits for viral infections and diseases, which could provide a cost-effective and accessible solution for less developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Cerda
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maira Rivera
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Grace Armijo
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Ibarra-Henriquez
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Reyes
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Blázquez-Sánchez
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Avilés
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - Aníbal Arce
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - Aldo Seguel
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexander J. Brown
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States of America
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Yesseny Vásquez
- Escuela de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Cortez-San Martín
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco A. Cubillos
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia García
- Departamento de Laboratorios Clínicos, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Ferres
- Departamento de Laboratorios Clínicos, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - César A. Ramírez-Sarmiento
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernán Federici
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A. Gutiérrez
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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4
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Alzoubi L, Aljabali AAA, Tambuwala MM. Empowering Precision Medicine: The Impact of 3D Printing on Personalized Therapeutic. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:228. [PMID: 37964180 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02682-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This review explores recent advancements and applications of 3D printing in healthcare, with a focus on personalized medicine, tissue engineering, and medical device production. It also assesses economic, environmental, and ethical considerations. In our review of the literature, we employed a comprehensive search strategy, utilizing well-known databases like PubMed and Google Scholar. Our chosen keywords encompassed essential topics, including 3D printing, personalized medicine, nanotechnology, and related areas. We first screened article titles and abstracts and then conducted a detailed examination of selected articles without imposing any date limitations. The articles selected for inclusion, comprising research studies, clinical investigations, and expert opinions, underwent a meticulous quality assessment. This methodology ensured the incorporation of high-quality sources, contributing to a robust exploration of the role of 3D printing in the realm of healthcare. The review highlights 3D printing's potential in healthcare, including customized drug delivery systems, patient-specific implants, prosthetics, and biofabrication of organs. These innovations have significantly improved patient outcomes. Integration of nanotechnology has enhanced drug delivery precision and biocompatibility. 3D printing also demonstrates cost-effectiveness and sustainability through optimized material usage and recycling. The healthcare sector has witnessed remarkable progress through 3D printing, promoting a patient-centric approach. From personalized implants to radiation shielding and drug delivery systems, 3D printing offers tailored solutions. Its transformative applications, coupled with economic viability and sustainability, have the potential to revolutionize healthcare. Addressing material biocompatibility, standardization, and ethical concerns is essential for responsible adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorca Alzoubi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid, 21163, Jordan
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid, 21163, Jordan.
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, Brayford Pool Campus, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK.
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5
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Anthony Jnr B. Investigating the implementation of telehealth and digital technologies during public health crisis: A qualitative review. Int J Health Plann Manage 2023; 38:1212-1227. [PMID: 37452470 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Public health crises such as the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic across the world overstrained the health care system. Accordingly, telehealth and digital technologies were implemented. Telehealth and digital technologies refer to the provision of health care at a distance using electronic means for diagnosis, evaluation, treatment, monitoring, and education of patients. This approach, while extremely useful, can be challenging for both patients and physicians, mainly as this is a new mode of health care to health practitioners and patients. Intrinsically, when managing the massive disruption to the routine of patient health care workflow, it is important to understand the important factors associated with an accelerated introduction of telehealth and digital technologies for the effective and safe continuation of healthcare during a public health crisis. Accordingly, this current study performed a qualitative review analysis of 40 scientific sources from 2019 to 2022. Findings present health practitioners that implemented telehealth and digital technologies during the public health emergency. Additionally, findings from this study presents a workflow approach for telehealth visit cycle and also discusses the current telehealth and virtual applications being implemented during public health crisis. This study provides implications to support health care managers and policymakers of health centres to be virtually informed regarding digital applications being implemented by patients and health practitioners on how to implement an effective telehealth system during public health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokolo Anthony Jnr
- Department of Applied Data Science, Institute for Energy Technology, Halden, Norway
- Department of Computer Science and Communication, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
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6
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Szynkiewicz D, Ulenberg S, Georgiev P, Hejna A, Mikolaszek B, Bączek T, Baron GV, Denayer JFM, Desmet G, Belka M. Development of a 3D-Printable, Porous, and Chemically Active Material Filled with Silica Particles and its Application to the Fabrication of a Microextraction Device. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37490645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first successful attempt to produce a silica/polymer composite with retained C18 silica sorptive properties that can be reliably printed using three-dimensional (3D) FDM printing. A 3D printer provides an exceptional tool for producing complex objects in an easy and inexpensive manner and satisfying the current custom demand of research. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is the most popular 3D-printing technique based on the extrusion of a thermoplastic material. The lack of appropriate materials limits the development of advanced applications involving directly 3D-printed devices with intrinsic chemical activity. Progress in sample preparation, especially for complex sample matrices and when mass spectrometry is favorable, remains a vital research field. Silica particles, for example, which are commonly used for extraction, cannot be directly extruded and are not readily workable in a powder form. The availability of composite materials containing a thermoplastic polymer matrix and dispersed silica particles would accelerate research in this area. This paper describes how to prepare a polypropylene (PP)/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)/C18-functionalized silica composite that can be processed by FDM 3D printing. We present a method for producing the filament as well as a procedure to remove ABS by acetone rinsing (to activate the material). The result is an activated 3D-printed object with a porous structure that allows access to silica particles while maintaining macroscopic size and shape. The 3D-printed device is intended for use in a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) procedure. The proposed composite's effectiveness is demonstrated for the microextraction of glimepiride, imipramine, and carbamazepine. The complex honeycomb geometry of the sorbent has shown to be superior to the simple tubular sorbent, which proves the benefits of 3D printing. The 3D-printed sorbent's shape and microextraction parameters were fine-tuned to provide satisfactory recoveries (33-47%) and high precision (2-6%), especially for carbamazepine microextraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Szynkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Szymon Ulenberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Georgiev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksander Hejna
- Institute of Materials Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznań, Poland
| | - Barbara Mikolaszek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Gdańsk, J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Bączek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Gino V Baron
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joeri F M Denayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gert Desmet
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mariusz Belka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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7
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Arji G, Ahmadi H, Avazpoor P, Hemmat M. Identifying resilience strategies for disruption management in the healthcare supply chain during COVID-19 by digital innovations: A systematic literature review. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2023; 38:101199. [PMID: 36873583 PMCID: PMC9957975 DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2023.101199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide spread of the COVID-19 disease has had a catastrophic effect on healthcare supply chains. The current manuscript systematically analyzes existing studies mitigating strategies for disruption management in the healthcare supply chain during COVID-19. Using a systematic approach, we recognized 35 related papers. Artificial intelligence (AI), block chain, big data analytics, and simulation are the most important technologies employed in supply chain management in healthcare. The findings reveal that the published research has concentrated mainly on generating resilience plans for the management of COVID-19 impacts. Furthermore, the vulnerability of healthcare supply chains and the necessity of establishing better resilience methods are emphasized in most of the research. However, the practical application of these emerging tools for managing disturbance and warranting resilience in the supply chain has been examined only rarely. This article provides directions for additional research, which can guide researchers to develop and conduct impressive studies related to the healthcare supply chain for different disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goli Arji
- Health Information Management, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Hossein Ahmadi
- Centre for Health Technology, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Pejman Avazpoor
- Department of Agriculture Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
| | - Morteza Hemmat
- Health Information Management, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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8
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Singh CK, Sodhi KK. The emerging significance of nanomedicine-based approaches to fighting COVID-19 variants of concern: A perspective on the nanotechnology’s role in COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.1084033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, one of the worst-hit pandemics, has quickly spread like fire across nations with very high mortality rates. Researchers all around the globe are making consistent efforts to address the main challenges faced due to COVID-19 infection including prompt diagnosis and therapeutics to reduce mortality. Conventional medical technology does not effectively contain the havoc caused by deadly COVID-19. This signals a crucial mandate for innovative and novel interventions in diagnostics and therapeutics to combat this ongoing pandemic and counter its successor or disease if it were ever to arise. The expeditious solutions can spring from promising areas such as nanomedicine and nanotechnology. Nanomedicine is a dominant tool that has a huge potential to alleviate the disease burden by providing nanoparticle-based vaccines and carriers. Nanotechnology encompasses multidisciplinary aspects including artificial intelligence, chemistry, biology, material science, physical science, and medicine. Nanoparticles offer many advantages compared to larger particles, including better magnetic properties and a multiplied surface-to-volume ratio. Given this, the present review focuses on promising nanomedicine-based solutions to combat COVID-19 and their utility to control a broad range of pathogens and viruses, along with understanding their role in the therapy, diagnosis, and prevention of COVID-19. Various studies, reports, and recent research and development from the nanotechnology perspective are discussed in this article.
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9
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Haraguchi M, Neise T, She W, Taniguchi M. Conversion strategy builds supply chain resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: A typology and research directions. PROGRESS IN DISASTER SCIENCE 2023; 17:100276. [PMID: 36748009 PMCID: PMC9892297 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2023.100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes a novel typology of adaptation to hazards-a conversion strategy as a countermeasure to manage risks in interconnected supply chains. Conversion strategies are intended to transform one or multiple supply chain functions for a different one to manage the changing environment. Supply chain disruptions due to natural hazards have been researched in key manufacturing-based economies like Thailand, the US, Japan, and China. Limited studies, however, have looked at the nature of interconnected risks and its effective countermeasures that arise when the COVID-19 pandemic disrupt supply chains. Here, we examine systemic risks by contrasting supply chain disruptions caused by natural hazards and the pandemic. Our study investigates whether businesses can manage systemic risks brought on by the pandemic by learning from dealing with disruptions caused by natural hazards. We offer a typology of conversion strategies to demonstrate how conversion strategies can be a successful response to pandemic scenarios. Specifically, we propose six conversion types: production location, production line, storage, usage, distributional channel, and workforce skill set. Then, we conclude with the future research directions as well as the kinds of policy supports required to assist businesses in implementing conversion measures by drawing on prior work addressing natural hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Haraguchi
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Japan
- Harvard University, United States
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10
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De Haro JC, Rosel EM, Salcedo-Bellido I, Leno-Durán E, Requena P, Barrios-Rodríguez R. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 in the Setting of Dentistry: A Review Article. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16216. [PMID: 36498295 PMCID: PMC9739953 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide pandemic has exposed healthcare professionals to a high risk of infection, exacerbating the situation of uncertainty caused by COVID-19. The objective of this review was to evaluate the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental professionals and their patients. A literature review was conducted using Medline-Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, excluding systematic reviews, narratives, meta-analyses, case reports, book chapters, short communications, and congress papers. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the selected studies. The search retrieved 3879 articles, and 123 of these were selected for the review (7 longitudinal and 116 cross-sectional studies). Elevated anxiety levels were observed in dental professionals, especially in younger and female professionals. Except for orthodontic treatments, patients reported a high level of fear that reduced their demand for dentist treatment to emergency cases alone. The results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has had psychological and emotional consequences for dental professionals and their patients. Further research is necessary to evaluate the persistence of this problem over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva María Rosel
- Departamento de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Ester Leno-Durán
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Requena
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Rocío Barrios-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
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11
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Niranjan YC, Channabasavanna SG, Krishnapillai S, Velmurugan R, Kannan AR, G. Mohan D, Karganroudi SS. The Unprecedented Role of 3D Printing Technology in Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6827. [PMID: 36234166 PMCID: PMC9572282 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapidly spread to over 180 countries and abruptly disrupted production rates and supply chains worldwide. Since then, 3D printing, also recognized as additive manufacturing (AM) and known to be a novel technique that uses layer-by-layer deposition of material to produce intricate 3D geometry, has been engaged in reducing the distress caused by the outbreak. During the early stages of this pandemic, shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE), including facemasks, shields, respirators, and other medical gear, were significantly answered by remotely 3D printing them. Amidst the growing testing requirements, 3D printing emerged as a potential and fast solution as a manufacturing process to meet production needs due to its flexibility, reliability, and rapid response capabilities. In the recent past, some other medical applications that have gained prominence in the scientific community include 3D-printed ventilator splitters, device components, and patient-specific products. Regarding non-medical applications, researchers have successfully developed contact-free devices to address the sanitary crisis in public places. This work aims to systematically review the applications of 3D printing or AM techniques that have been involved in producing various critical products essential to limit this deadly pandemic's progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. C. Niranjan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - S. G. Channabasavanna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University, Mysuru 570006, India
| | - Shankar Krishnapillai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - R. Velmurugan
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - A. Rajesh Kannan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, 55, Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si 15588, Korea
| | - Dhanesh G. Mohan
- Institute of Materials Joining, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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12
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Levine M, Levine L, Xun H, Gerber A, Antonietti M, Mathew PJ, Singh D. Face Off: 3D-Printed Masks as a Cost-Effective and Reusable Alternative to N95 Respirators: A Feasibility Study. Am J Med 2022; 135:1109-1115. [PMID: 35580720 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the best methods for protection against respiratory diseases is the use of an N95 mask. Supply shortages have demonstrated a significant need for effective alternatives to N95 masks. Benefits of 3D-printed respirators over N95s include reduced cost and ease of production, widespread availability, reusability/sterilizability, and customizability. 3D-printed mask designs have been downloaded thousands of times; however, there is little to no data on the efficacy of these potential alternatives. METHODS Three of the most popular 3D-printed respirator designs were modified to allow for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) quantitative fit testing that disperses saline into the ambient air and determines concentrations within the mask during multiple trials. Five volunteers conducted standardized fit tests of these masks, as well as an N95 and a KN95, and the results were compared. RESULTS One of the 3D-printed respirators, low poly COVID-19 face mask respirator (mask 2), achieved a fit factor greater than 100 in every trial, representing sufficient fit according to OSHA protocols. The N95 mask achieved a sufficient fit in 60% of the trials, and none of the remaining masks provided a suitable fit factor reliably according to the OSHA fit test. Further trials showed no change in fit factor when different 3D-printable plastics are used or when a widely available high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter was used. CONCLUSION 3D-printed respirators provide a possible alternative to N95 masks to protect against respiratory pathogens such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Fit testing results demonstrate that certain 3D-printed mask designs may exceed the fit of N95 masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Levine
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Penn.
| | - Lance Levine
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Fla
| | - Helen Xun
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Adam Gerber
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn, Ala
| | | | - Prakash J Mathew
- University of Miami Division of Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Surgery, Miami, Fla
| | - Devinder Singh
- University of Miami Division of Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Surgery, Miami, Fla
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13
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Amaechi CV, Adefuye EF, Kgosiemang IM, Huang B, Amaechi EC. Scientometric Review for Research Patterns on Additive Manufacturing of Lattice Structures. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155323. [PMID: 35955258 PMCID: PMC9369840 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 15 years, interest in additive manufacturing (AM) on lattice structures has significantly increased in producing 3D/4D objects. The purpose of this study is to gain a thorough grasp of the research pattern and the condition of the field’s research today as well as identify obstacles towards future research. To accomplish the purpose, this work undertakes a scientometric analysis of the international research conducted on additive manufacturing for lattice structure materials published from 2002 to 2022. A total of 1290 journal articles from the Web of Science (WoS) database and 1766 journal articles from the Scopus database were found using a search system. This paper applied scientometric science, which is based on bibliometric analysis. The data were subjected to a scientometric study, which looked at the number of publications, authorship, regions by countries, keyword co-occurrence, literature coupling, and scientometric mapping. VOSviewer was used to establish research patterns, visualize maps, and identify transcendental issues. Thus, the quantitative determination of the primary research framework, papers, and themes of this research field was possible. In order to shed light on current developments in additive manufacturing for lattice structures, an extensive systematic study is provided. The scientometric analysis revealed a strong bias towards researching AM on lattice structures but little concentration on technologies that emerge from it. It also outlined its unmet research needs, which can benefit both the industry and academia. This review makes a prediction for the future, with contributions by educating researchers, manufacturers, and other experts on the current state of AM for lattice structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiemela Victor Amaechi
- School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YR, UK
- Standards Organisation of Nigeria (SON), 52 Lome Crescent, Wuse Zone 7, Abuja 900287, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
- Correspondence: (C.V.A.); (E.F.A.)
| | - Emmanuel Folarin Adefuye
- School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YR, UK
- Department of Mechanical/MetalWork Technology, Federal College of Education [Technical], Akoka 100001, Lagos State, Nigeria
- Correspondence: (C.V.A.); (E.F.A.)
| | - Irish Mpho Kgosiemang
- Department of Management, University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN), Preston PR1 2HE, UK;
| | - Bo Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China;
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Husák M, Kaczmarczyk V, Baštán O, Arm J. Disadvantage of the FDM method for printing protective masks against COVID-19 and solution. IFAC-PAPERSONLINE 2022; 55:13-18. [PMID: 38620695 PMCID: PMC9296790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Outages in the supply of basic medical supplies and protective equipment have led to efforts to replace them. The team of BUT employees and students has developed a protective half mask that can also be printed on a standard 3D printer without the use of special materials. The original half mask is intended as an improvised protection that can be easily printed on standard 3D printers with FDM technology. Problematic possibilities of sealing the entire surface of the print due to its porosity were solved with the help of a nitrile examination glove. Commonly available equipment is enough to produce this half mask.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Husák
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology
| | - Václav Kaczmarczyk
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology
| | - Ondřej Baštán
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology
| | - Jakub Arm
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology
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15
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Zhao Z, Li R, Ma Y, Islam I, Rajper AMA, Song W, Ren H, Tse ZTH. Supporting Technologies for COVID-19 Prevention: Systemized Review. JMIRX MED 2022; 3:e30344. [PMID: 35695850 PMCID: PMC9168838 DOI: 10.2196/30344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background
During COVID-19, clinical and health care demands have been on the rapid rise. Major challenges that have arisen during the pandemic have included a lack of testing kits, shortages of ventilators to treat severe cases of COVID-19, and insufficient accessibility to personal protective equipment for both hospitals and the public. New technologies have been developed by scientists, researchers, and companies in response to these demands.
Objective
The primary objective of this review is to compare different supporting technologies in the subjugation of the COVID-19 spread.
Methods
In this paper, 150 news articles and scientific reports on COVID-19–related innovations during 2020-2021 were checked, screened, and shortlisted to yield a total of 23 articles for review. The keywords “COVID-19 technology,” “COVID-19 invention,” and “COVID-19 equipment” were used in a Google search to generate related news articles and scientific reports. The search was performed on February 1, 2021. These were then categorized into three sections, which are personal protective equipment (PPE), testing methods, and medical treatments. Each study was analyzed for its engineering characteristics and potential social impact on the COVID-19 pandemic.
Results
A total of 9 articles were selected for review concerning PPE. In general, the design and fabrication of PPE were moving toward the direction of additive manufacturing and intelligent information feedback while being eco-friendly. Moreover, 8 articles were selected for reviewing testing methods within the two main categories of molecular and antigen tests. All the inventions endeavored to increase sensitivity while reducing the turnaround time. However, the inventions reported in this review paper were not sufficiently tested for their safety and efficiency. Most of the inventions are temporary solutions intended to be used only during shortages of medical resources. Finally, 6 articles were selected for the review of COVID-19 medical treatment. The major challenge identified was the uncertainty in applying novel ideas to speed up the production of ventilators.
Conclusions
The technologies developed during the COVID-19 pandemic were considered for review. In order to better respond to future pandemics, national reserves of critical medical supplies should be increased to improve preparation. This pandemic has also highlighted the need for the automation and optimization of medical manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhao
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Georgia Athens, GA United States
| | - Rui Li
- Tandon School of Engineering New York University Brooklyn, NY United States
| | - Yangmyung Ma
- Hull York Medical School University of York Heslington York United Kingdom
| | - Iman Islam
- Hull York Medical School University of York Heslington York United Kingdom
| | | | - WenZhan Song
- Department of Computer Science University of Georgia Athens, GA United States
| | - Hongliang Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Zion Tsz Ho Tse
- Department of Electronic Engineering University of York York United Kingdom
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16
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Germain N, Dhayer M, Dekiouk S, Marchetti P. Current Advances in 3D Bioprinting for Cancer Modeling and Personalized Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073432. [PMID: 35408789 PMCID: PMC8998835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells evolve in a complex and heterogeneous environment composed of different cell types and an extracellular matrix. Current 2D culture methods are very limited in their ability to mimic the cancer cell environment. In recent years, various 3D models of cancer cells have been developed, notably in the form of spheroids/organoids, using scaffold or cancer-on-chip devices. However, these models have the disadvantage of not being able to precisely control the organization of multiple cell types in complex architecture and are sometimes not very reproducible in their production, and this is especially true for spheroids. Three-dimensional bioprinting can produce complex, multi-cellular, and reproducible constructs in which the matrix composition and rigidity can be adapted locally or globally to the tumor model studied. For these reasons, 3D bioprinting seems to be the technique of choice to mimic the tumor microenvironment in vivo as closely as possible. In this review, we discuss different 3D-bioprinting technologies, including bioinks and crosslinkers that can be used for in vitro cancer models and the techniques used to study cells grown in hydrogels; finally, we provide some applications of bioprinted cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Germain
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
- Banque de Tissus, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (P.M.); Tel.: +33-3-20-16-92-20 (P.M.)
| | - Melanie Dhayer
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Salim Dekiouk
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Philippe Marchetti
- UMR 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.D.); (S.D.)
- Banque de Tissus, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (P.M.); Tel.: +33-3-20-16-92-20 (P.M.)
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17
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Kurtz CE, Peng Y, Jesso M, Sanghavi H, Kuehl DR, Parker SH. Using a human factors-centric approach to development and testing of a face shield designed for health care workers: A COVID-19 case study for process and outcomes. Am J Infect Control 2022; 50:306-311. [PMID: 34774896 PMCID: PMC8861890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2021.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Face shields are a critical piece of personal protective equipment and their comfort impacts compliant use and thus protectiveness. Optimal design criteria for face shield use in healthcare environments are limited. We attempt to identify factors affecting face shield usability and to test and optimize a face shield for comfort and function in health care settings. Methods A broad range of workers in a large health care system were surveyed regarding face shield features and usability. Quantitative and qualitative analysis informed the development of iterative prototypes which were tested against existing shields. Iterative testing and redesign utilized expert insight and feedback from participant focus groups to inform subsequent prototype designs. Results From 1,648 responses, 6 key elements were identified: ability to adjust tension, shifting load bearing from the temples, anti-fogging, ventilation, freedom of movement, and durability. Iterative prototypes received consistently excellent feedback based on use in the clinical environment, demonstrating incremental improvement. Conclusion We defined elements of face shield design necessary for usability in health care and produced a highly functional face shield that satisfies frontline provider criteria and Emergency Use Authorization standards set by the Food and Drug Administration. Integrating human factors principles into rapid-cycle prototyping for personal protective equipment is feasible and valuable.
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18
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Agarwal R. The personal protective equipment fabricated via 3D printing technology during COVID-19. ANNALS OF 3D PRINTED MEDICINE 2022; 5:100042. [PMID: 38620978 PMCID: PMC8667480 DOI: 10.1016/j.stlm.2021.100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has been spread in more than 220 countries and caused global health concerns. The supply chain disruptions have abruptly affected due to the second wave of COVID-19 in various countries and caused unavailability and shortage of medical devices and personal protective equipment for frontline healthcare workers. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has proven to be a boon and revolutionized technology to supply medical devices and tackle the situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The diverse designs were produced and are currently used in hospitals by patients and frontline healthcare doctors. This review summarises the application of 3D printing during COVID-19. It collects the comprehensive information of recently designed and fabricated protective equipment like nasopharyngeal swabs, valves, face shields, facemasks and many more medical devices. The drawbacks and future challenges of 3D printed medical devices and protective equipment is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Agarwal
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala, Punjab 147004, India
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19
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Review on people's trust on home use medical devices during Covid-19 pandemic in India. HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 12:527-546. [PMID: 35223360 PMCID: PMC8863408 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-022-00645-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of the medical device against COVID-19 is an excellent achievement. There are numerous obstacles effectively facing the worldwide population, from manufacture to distribution, deployment and, acceptance. Many manufacturers have entered the market rivalry as people's knowledge and demand for home-use medical equipment has increased. India represents a compelling market opportunity for global medical device manufacturers. Substantial growth for the Indian medical device industry is expected to be driven by the current low per-person spending rate for medical devices. The growth of the medical devices industry in India raises competition law issues (anti-trust) and therefore maintaining public trust in home-use medical devices during COVID-19 will be as essential. The review article aims to create awareness among people about commonly used medical devices during the COVID-19 pandemic and to survey people’s trust in home usable medical devices in India. In a worldwide pandemic, manufacturers of medical devices face insufficient storage and the impossibility of meeting the requirements of the health centre. The sale of some of the most significant medical devices has increased, making it more difficult for the medical device industry to satisfy demand with high-quality goods since the quality of COVID-19 items plays a vital part in the present scenario. Despite the difficulty in providing enough medical equipment during a pandemic, they are striving to adapt to the circumstance. After recognizing the need to promote awareness and grasp the selling, and production, handling of medical instruments during COVID-19 at home was conducted. In addition, medical equipment manufacturers and distributors look at this scenario as an opportunity to profit more. This review article would enable researchers during COVID-19 to build more knowledge and widespread trust in medical technologies respectively.
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20
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Monzamodeth RS, Román-Roldán NI, Hernández-Morales B, Puente I, Flores O, Castillo F, Campillo B. The feasibility of masks and face shields designed by 3D printing makers; some considerations of their use against the COVID-19. MATERIALS TODAY. PROCEEDINGS 2022; 59:756-763. [PMID: 35004186 PMCID: PMC8722435 DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.12.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of mask and face shield has been established as one of the main preventive measures for the control of COVID 19 spread. In Mexico, as well as in other regions of the world, 3D printing has been employed for the design and production of masks and face shields as personal protective equipment (PPE). These models have been fabricated mainly by the makers, industries, and university communities; therefore, it is necessary to analyze the feasibility of the 3D printed PPE to understand its advantages and limitations. In this work, some characteristics of masks and face shields fabricated by additive manufacturing were studied to explore their viability as protection against flow fluids similar to human sneeze. In the present paper, the PPE was designed, and 3D printed utilizing three types of polylactic acid (PLA) as base material. The morphology and the surface elemental analyses of sectioned samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Showing spacing between printed layers, porous areas, and dispersed copper particles. On the other hand, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was carried out, the results demonstrated the importance of using PPE for protection of a possible exposure to a “contaminated” aerosol and human sneeze. Based on the abovementioned results, it is possible to consider the commercial PLA as suitable material for the manufacturing of PPE due to its capability to be disinfected employing isopropanol, ethanol, or commercial disinfectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Monzamodeth
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 62210 Cuernavaca Morelos, Mexico
| | - N I Román-Roldán
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 62580 Temixco Morelos, Mexico
| | - B Hernández-Morales
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - I Puente
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - O Flores
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 62210 Cuernavaca Morelos, Mexico
| | - F Castillo
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 62210 Cuernavaca Morelos, Mexico
| | - B Campillo
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 62210 Cuernavaca Morelos, Mexico
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21
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Duke DJ, Clarke AL, Stephens AL, Djumas L, Gregory SD. A computational fluid dynamics assessment of 3D printed ventilator splitters and restrictors for differential multi-patient ventilation. 3D Print Med 2022; 8:2. [PMID: 34985624 PMCID: PMC8727976 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-021-00129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global pandemic of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has led to global shortages of ventilators and accessories. One solution to this problem is to split ventilators between multiple patients, which poses the difficulty of treating two patients with dissimilar ventilation needs. A proposed solution to this problem is the use of 3D-printed flow splitters and restrictors. There is little data available on the reliability of such devices and how the use of different 3D printing methods might affect their performance. METHODS We performed flow resistance measurements on 30 different 3D-printed restrictor designs produced using a range of fused deposition modelling and stereolithography printers and materials, from consumer grade printers using polylactic acid filament to professional printers using surgical resin. We compared their performance to novel computational fluid dynamics models driven by empirical ventilator flow rate data. This indicates the ideal performance of a part that matches the computer model. RESULTS The 3D-printed restrictors varied considerably between printers and materials to a sufficient degree that would make them unsafe for clinical use without individual testing. This occurs because the interior surface of the restrictor is rough and has a reduced nominal average diameter when compared to the computer model. However, we have also shown that with careful calibration it is possible to tune the end-inspiratory (tidal) volume by titrating the inspiratory time on the ventilator. CONCLUSIONS Computer simulations of differential multi patient ventilation indicate that the use of 3D-printed flow splitters is viable. However, in situ testing indicates that using 3D printers to produce flow restricting orifices is not recommended, as the flow resistance can deviate significantly from expected values depending on the type of printer used. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Duke
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 Victoria Australia
| | - Alexander L. Clarke
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, 3052 Victoria Australia
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, 3052 Victoria Australia
| | - Andrew L. Stephens
- CardioRespiratory Engineering and Technology Laboratory (CREATElab), Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, 3004 Victoria Australia
| | - Lee Djumas
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 Victoria Australia
| | - Shaun D. Gregory
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 Victoria Australia
- CardioRespiratory Engineering and Technology Laboratory (CREATElab), Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, 3004 Victoria Australia
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22
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Thamizh Selvan S, Mohandass M, Kumar vairavel D, Sethu Ramalingam P, Mayandi K, Joe Patrick Gnanaraj S, Appadurai M. An exclusive hand protection device made of fused deposition modelling process using poly (lactic acid) polymer. MATERIALS TODAY. PROCEEDINGS 2022; 68:1381-1386. [PMID: 35818565 PMCID: PMC9259050 DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.06.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The world has been hit hardest by a type of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) virus called corona. This vulnerability did not leave all the superpowers in the world. The virus, is spread through coughs and sneezes. It is also spread by touching objects or parts of an infected person. For this reason, it is considered an infectious disease. It is very difficult to protect ourselves from such a contagious disease. But the World Health Organization (WHO) says there are certain guidelines to follow. The first way is to prevent the spread of COVID-19 social infection by adhering to social spaces (i.e. 2 m intervals). Second, we can protect ourselves by using appropriate safety equipment. We can also protect ourselves from the COVID-19 virus by using sanitizers or soaps. So this study focuses on a 3D-printed hand protection device for COVID- 19 infection prevention. The design, fabrication, and testing of the gadget were all successful. Thus, a low-cost and efficient device made by eco-friendly Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) polymer material and may be utilized to operate some potentially susceptible and highly infectious surfaces in a variety of public areas, where touching and using particular components is common and frequent (eg door handles, electrical switches, ATM machines).
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Thamizh Selvan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai, India,Corresponding author
| | - M. Mohandass
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Chennai, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar vairavel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P. Sethu Ramalingam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology, Chennai, India
| | - K. Mayandi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S. Joe Patrick Gnanaraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Mother Theresa Engineering College, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Appadurai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of Engineering, Tiruchendur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Colorado HA, Mendoza DE, Lin HT, Gutierrez-Velasquez E. Additive manufacturing against the Covid-19 pandemic: a technological model for the adaptability and networking. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 16:1150-1164. [PMID: 35865362 PMCID: PMC8686453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This investigation analyzes the main contributions that additive manufacturing (AM) technology provides to the world in fighting against the pandemic COVID-19 from a materials and applications perspective. With this aim, different sources, which include academic reports, initiatives, and industrial companies, have been systematically analyzed. The AM technology applications include protective masks, mechanical ventilator parts, social distancing signage, and parts for detection and disinfection equipment (Ju, 2020). There is a substantially increased number of contributions from AM technology to this global issue, which is expected to continuously increase until a sound solution is found. The materials and manufacturing technologies in addition to the current challenges and opportunities were analyzed as well. These contributions came from a lot of countries, which can be used as a future model to work in massive collaboration, technology networking, and adaptability, all lined up to provide potential solutions for some of the biggest challenges the human society might face in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry A Colorado
- CCComposites Laboratory, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - David E Mendoza
- CCComposites Laboratory, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Hua-Tay Lin
- School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Elkin Gutierrez-Velasquez
- Faculty of Mechanical, Electronic and Biomedical Engineering (FIMEB), Universidad Antonio Nariño. Medellin, Colombia
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Kalkal A, Allawadhi P, Kumar P, Sehgal A, Verma A, Pawar K, Pradhan R, Paital B, Packirisamy G. Sensing and 3D printing technologies in personalized healthcare for the management of health crises including the COVID-19 outbreak. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2022; 3:100180. [PMID: 35601184 PMCID: PMC9107332 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2022.100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A major threat that has surrounded human civilization since the beginning of the year 2020 is the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization and significantly affected populations globally, causing medical and economic despair. Healthcare chains across the globe have been under grave stress owing to shortages of medical equipments necessary to address a pandemic. Furthermore, personal protective equipment supplies, mandatory for healthcare staff for treating severely ill patients, have been in short supply. To address the necessary requisites during the pandemic, several researchers, hospitals, and industries collaborated to meet the demand for these medical equipments in an economically viable manner. In this context, 3D printing technologies have provided enormous potential in creating personalized healthcare equipment, including face masks, face shields, rapid detection kits, testing swabs, biosensors, and various ventilator components. This has been made possible by capitalizing on centralized large-scale manufacturing using 3D printing and local distribution of verified and tested computer-aided design files. The primary focus of this study is, "How 3D printing is helpful in developing these equipments, and how it can be helpful in the development and deployment of various sensing and point-of-care-testing (POCTs) devices for the commercialization?" Further, the present study also takes care of patient safety by implementing novel 3D printed health equipment used for COVID-19 patients. Moreover, the study helps identify and highlight the efforts made by various organizations toward the usage of 3D printing technologies, which are helpful in combating the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kalkal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Prince Allawadhi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Institute Instrumentation Center, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Abhishek Sehgal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Ashmit Verma
- Divyasampark iHUB Roorkee for Devices, Materials and Technology Foundation, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Kaustubh Pawar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Rangadhar Pradhan
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Biswaranjan Paital
- Redox Regulation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Gopinath Packirisamy
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
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25
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Rupesh Kumar J, Mayandi K, Joe Patrick Gnanaraj S, Chandrasekar K, Sethu Ramalingam P. A critical review of an additive manufacturing role in Covid-19 epidemic. MATERIALS TODAY. PROCEEDINGS 2022; 68:1521-1527. [PMID: 35874090 PMCID: PMC9289093 DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.07.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In 2019, a massive and deadly coronavirus pandemic known as the COVID-19 pandemic has swept through more than 180 nations, causing a massive strain on already overtaxed health systems around the globe. Global demand for medical equipment has put a strain on traditional manufacturing methods, resulting in the need for an efficient, low-cost, and speedy mode of production. Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, has been used by manufacturers to bridge the gap and enhance the production of medical products. Some designs that had been previously or conventionally fabricated have been revised to meet the 3D printing requirement for combating COVID-19. A variety of designs were created, and they are now in use in hospitals by patients and healthcare professionals. However, because some gadgets must adhere to rigorous standards, it is possible that some items will not meet these requirements. As a result, in order to protect the health of the user, it is necessary to understand each gadget, its usage, and industry standards. An investigation of the usage of additive manufacturing during the COVID-19 epidemic is presented in this paper. It brings together the manufacturers of a variety of 3D-printed products, including face shields, face masks, valves, nasopharyngeal swabs, and others, to debate their application and regulatory concerns in the medical field. The primary shortcoming of technology, discussed in reference to the next pandemic, is addressed here. It also looks at some of the ways that additive manufacturing could be used in the future during an emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinka Rupesh Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Mayandi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Joe Patrick Gnanaraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, St.Mother Theresa Engineering College, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Chandrasekar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli, TamilNadu, India
| | - P Sethu Ramalingam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology, Chennai, India
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Best S, Williams SJ. What Have We Learnt About the Sourcing of Personal Protective Equipment During Pandemics? Leadership and Management in Healthcare Supply Chain Management: A Scoping Review. Front Public Health 2021; 9:765501. [PMID: 34957018 PMCID: PMC8695796 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.765501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic there have been much publicised shortages in Personal Protective Equipment for frontline health care workers, from masks to gowns. Recent previous airborne pandemics provide an opportunity to learn how to effectively lead and manage supply chains during crisis situations. Identifying and plotting this learning against time will reveal what has been learnt, when and, significantly, what can be learnt for the future. Aims: (i) To identify the temporal trajectory of leadership and management learning in health supply chain management through pandemics and (ii) to identify leadership and management lessons to enable the resilient supply of key items such as PPE in future pandemics. Methods: We undertook a scoping review in line with PRISMA (scoping review extension) searching Business Source Premier, Health Business Elite, Medline, ProQuest Business Collection and PubMed. Search terms were focused on recent airborne pandemics (SARS; Ebola; Zika virus; H1N1 swine flu, COVID-19), supply chain management, PPE, leadership, learning, inhibitors and facilitators and resilience e.g., SARS AND supply chain* AND ("personal protective equipment" OR PPE) (leaders* OR manage*) Titles and abstracts were downloaded to Endnote and duplicates removed. Two authors independently screened all of the titles and abstracts. Inclusion criteria focused on leadership and management in health supply chains during pandemics, peer reviewed or grey literature (either from business journals or reports): exclusion criteria included not in English and not focused on a named pandemic. Once interrater reliability was assured, authors completed a title and abstract screening independently. Ten percent of the resultant full text articles were screened by both authors, once agreement was reached the full text articles were screened independently noting reasons for exclusion. A data extraction tool was designed to capture findings from the final articles included in the review. Results/Discussion: We found 92 articles and, after screening, included 30 full text articles. The majority were focused on COVID-19 (N = 27) and most were from the USA (N = 13). We identified four themes related to leadership and management of pandemic PPE supply chains, (i) Leadership and management learning for pandemic PPE supply chain management, (ii) Inhibitors of PPE supply chain resilience during a pandemic, (iii) Facilitators employed to manage the immediate impacts of PPE supply chain demands during a pandemic,and (iv) Facilitators proposed to ensure longer term resilience of PPE supply chains during pandemics Our study suggests there has been limited leadership and management learning for PPE supply chains from previous pandemics, however there has been extensive learning through the COVID-19 pandemic. Lessons included the importance of planning, the significance of collaboration and relationship building. Resilience of PPE supply chains was reported to be dependent on multiple levels from individuals to organisation level and also interdependent on (i) sustainability, (ii) the practise of PPE and (iii) long term environmental impact of PPE suggesting the need, long term, to move to a circular economy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Best
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sharon J Williams
- School of Health and Social Care, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
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27
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Zamzam AH, Al-Ani AKI, Wahab AKA, Lai KW, Satapathy SC, Khalil A, Azizan MM, Hasikin K. Prioritisation Assessment and Robust Predictive System for Medical Equipment: A Comprehensive Strategic Maintenance Management. Front Public Health 2021; 9:782203. [PMID: 34869194 PMCID: PMC8637834 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.782203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The advancement of technology in medical equipment has significantly improved healthcare services. However, failures in upkeeping reliability, availability, and safety affect the healthcare services quality and significant impact can be observed in operations' expenses. The effective and comprehensive medical equipment assessment and monitoring throughout the maintenance phase of the asset life cycle can enhance the equipment reliability, availability, and safety. The study aims to develop the prioritisation assessment and predictive systems that measure the priority of medical equipment's preventive maintenance, corrective maintenance, and replacement programmes. The proposed predictive model is constructed by analysing features of 13,352 medical equipment used in public healthcare clinics in Malaysia. The proposed system comprises three stages: prioritisation analysis, model training, and predictive model development. In this study, we proposed 16 combinations of novel features to be used for prioritisation assessment and prediction of preventive maintenance, corrective maintenance, and replacement programme. The modified k-Means algorithm is proposed during the prioritisation analysis to automatically distinguish raw data into three main clusters of prioritisation assessment. Subsequently, these clusters are fed into and tested with six machine learning algorithms for the predictive prioritisation system. The best predictive models for medical equipment's preventive maintenance, corrective maintenance, and replacement programmes are selected among the tested machine learning algorithms. Findings indicate that the Support Vector Machine performs the best in preventive maintenance and replacement programme prioritisation predictive systems with the highest accuracy of 99.42 and 99.80%, respectively. Meanwhile, K-Nearest Neighbour yielded the highest accuracy in corrective maintenance prioritisation predictive systems with 98.93%. Based on the promising results, clinical engineers and healthcare providers can widely adopt the proposed prioritisation assessment and predictive systems in managing expenses, reporting, scheduling, materials, and workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizat Hilmi Zamzam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Engineering Services Department, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Ahmad Khairi Abdul Wahab
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khin Wee Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suresh Chandra Satapathy
- School of Computer Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Azira Khalil
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Mokhzaini Azizan
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Khairunnisa Hasikin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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28
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Asdaq SMB, Ikbal AMA, Sahu RK, Bhattacharjee B, Paul T, Deka B, Fattepur S, Widyowati R, Vijaya J, Al mohaini M, Alsalman AJ, Imran M, Nagaraja S, Nair AB, Attimarad M, Venugopala KN. Nanotechnology Integration for SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis and Treatment: An Approach to Preventing Pandemic. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1841. [PMID: 34361227 PMCID: PMC8308419 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak is the COVID-19 disease, which has caused massive health devastation, prompting the World Health Organization to declare a worldwide health emergency. The corona virus infected millions of people worldwide, and many died as a result of a lack of particular medications. The current emergency necessitates extensive therapy in order to stop the spread of the coronavirus. There are various vaccinations available, but no validated COVID-19 treatments. Since its outbreak, many therapeutics have been tested, including the use of repurposed medications, nucleoside inhibitors, protease inhibitors, broad spectrum antivirals, convalescence plasma therapies, immune-modulators, and monoclonal antibodies. However, these approaches have not yielded any outcomes and are mostly used to alleviate symptoms associated with potentially fatal adverse drug reactions. Nanoparticles, on the other hand, may prove to be an effective treatment for COVID-19. They can be designed to boost the efficacy of currently available antiviral medications or to trigger a rapid immune response against COVID-19. In the last decade, there has been significant progress in nanotechnology. This review focuses on the virus's basic structure, pathogenesis, and current treatment options for COVID-19. This study addresses nanotechnology and its applications in diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and targeted vaccine delivery, laying the groundwork for a successful pandemic fight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abu Md Ashif Ikbal
- Department of Pharmacy, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar 799022, Tripura (W), India;
| | - Ram Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Bedanta Bhattacharjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India; (B.B.); (T.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Tirna Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India; (B.B.); (T.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Bhargab Deka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India; (B.B.); (T.P.); (B.D.)
| | - Santosh Fattepur
- School of Pharmacy, Management and Science University, Seksyen 13, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Retno Widyowati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia;
| | - Joshi Vijaya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College of Pharmacy, Bangalore 560027, Karnataka, India;
| | - Mohammed Al mohaini
- Basic Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Alahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkhaliq J. Alsalman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohd. Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sreeharsha Nagaraja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.N.); (A.B.N.); (M.A.); (K.N.V.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.N.); (A.B.N.); (M.A.); (K.N.V.)
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.N.); (A.B.N.); (M.A.); (K.N.V.)
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.N.); (A.B.N.); (M.A.); (K.N.V.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
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29
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Budinoff HD, Bushra J, Shafae M. Community-driven PPE production using additive manufacturing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Survey and lessons learned. JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS 2021; 60:799-810. [PMID: 35068654 PMCID: PMC8759144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsy.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a detailed analysis of the production efforts for personal protective equipment in makerspaces and informal production spaces (i.e., community-driven efforts) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. The focus of this study is on additive manufacturing (also known as 3D printing), which was the dominant manufacturing method employed in these production efforts. Production details from a variety of informal production efforts were systematically analyzed to quantify the scale and efficiency of different efforts. Data for this analysis was primarily drawn from detailed survey data from 74 individuals who participated in these different production efforts, as well as from a systematic review of 145 publicly available news stories. This rich dataset enables a comprehensive summary of the community-driven production efforts, with detailed and quantitative comparisons of different efforts. In this study, factors that influenced production efficiency and success were investigated, including choice of PPE designs, production logistics, and additive manufacturing processes employed by makerspaces and universities. From this investigation, several themes emerged including challenges associated with matching production rates to demand, production methods with vastly different production rates, inefficient production due to slow build times and high scrap rates, and difficulty obtaining necessary feedstocks. Despite these challenges, nearly every maker involved in these production efforts categorized their response as successful. Lessons learned and themes derived from this systematic study of these results are compiled and presented to help inform better practices for future community-driven use of additive manufacturing, especially in response to emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah D Budinoff
- Department of Systems and Industrial Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Jannatul Bushra
- Department of Systems and Industrial Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Mohammed Shafae
- Department of Systems and Industrial Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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30
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Queiroz MM, Fosso Wamba S. A structured literature review on the interplay between emerging technologies and COVID-19 - insights and directions to operations fields. ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH 2021:1-27. [PMID: 34226781 PMCID: PMC8243624 DOI: 10.1007/s10479-021-04107-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, emerging technologies have gained popularity and being implemented in different fields. Thus, critical leading-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence and other related technologies (blockchain, simulation, 3d printing, etc.) are transforming the operations and other traditional fields and proving their value in fighting against unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic outbreaks. However, due to this relation's novelty, little is known about the interplay between emerging technologies and COVID-19 and its implications to operations-related fields. In this vein, we mapped the extant literature on this integration by a structured literature review approach and found essential outcomes. In addition to the literature mapping, this paper's main contributions were identifying literature scarcity on this hot topic by operations-related fields; consequently, our paper emphasizes an urgent call to action. Also, we present a novel framework considering the primary emerging technologies and the operations processes concerning this pandemic outbreak. Also, we provided an exciting research agenda and four propositions derived from the framework, which are collated to operations processes angle. Thus, scholars and practitioners have the opportunity to adapt and advance the framework and empirically investigate and validate the propositions for this and other highly disruptive crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciel M. Queiroz
- Postgraduate Program in Business Administration, Paulista University–UNIP, Dr. Bacelar Street 1212, Sao Paulo, 04026-002 Brazil
- School of Engineering, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Consolação Street 930, Sao Paulo, 01302-000 Brazil
| | - Samuel Fosso Wamba
- Information, Operations and Management Sciences, TBS Business School, 1 Place Alphonse Jourdain, 31068 Toulouse, France
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32
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Abbas MZ. Industrial applications of 3D printing to scale-up production of COVID-19-related medical equipment. JOURNAL OF 3D PRINTING IN MEDICINE 2021; 5:97-110. [PMID: 38051991 PMCID: PMC8357186 DOI: 10.2217/3dp-2021-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing or 3D printing allows the rapid conversion of information from digital 3D models into physical objects. The current COVID-19 crisis underscored the value of 3D-printing technology in addressing critical shortages in the medical product supply chain. This article provides a review of the significant role of additive manufacturing technologies in addressing the COVID-19 situation. This article concludes that 3D printing has an important role in global public health because of its potential to adapt to emerging situations far more easily and quickly as compared with conventional manufacturing methods. There is a need for further research to improve the technology to mass produce better quality products more economically. Currently, the 3D-printing industry is concentrated in the US and Western Europe. Policy efforts are needed to tap all markets across the globe in order to be better prepared for a future pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zaheer Abbas
- Faculty of Business and Law, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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33
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Mukhtar H, Rubaiee S, Krichen M, Alroobaea R. An IoT Framework for Screening of COVID-19 Using Real-Time Data from Wearable Sensors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4022. [PMID: 33921223 PMCID: PMC8070194 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Experts have predicted that COVID-19 may prevail for many months or even years before it can be completely eliminated. A major problem in its cure is its early screening and detection, which will decide on its treatment. Due to the fast contactless spreading of the virus, its screening is unusually difficult. Moreover, the results of COVID-19 tests may take up to 48 h. That is enough time for the virus to worsen the health of the affected person. The health community needs effective means for identification of the virus in the shortest possible time. In this study, we invent a medical device utilized consisting of composable sensors to monitor remotely and in real-time the health status of those who have symptoms of the coronavirus or those infected with it. The device comprises wearable medical sensors integrated using the Arduino hardware interfacing and a smartphone application. An IoT framework is deployed at the backend through which various devices can communicate in real-time. The medical device is applied to determine the patient's critical status of the effects of the coronavirus or its symptoms using heartbeat, cough, temperature and Oxygen concentration (SpO2) that are evaluated using our custom algorithm. Until now, it has been found that many coronavirus patients remain asymptomatic, but in case of known symptoms, a person can be quickly identified with our device. It also allows doctors to examine their patients without the need for physical direct contact with them to reduce the possibility of infection. Our solution uses rule-based decision-making based on the physiological data of a person obtained through sensors. These rules allow to classify a person as healthy or having a possibility of infection by the coronavirus. The advantage of using rules for patient's classification is that the rules can be updated as new findings emerge from time to time. In this article, we explain the details of the sensors, the smartphone application, and the associated IoT framework for real-time, remote screening of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mukhtar
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saeed Rubaiee
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Moez Krichen
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha 65431, Saudi Arabia;
- ReDCAD Laboratory, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
| | - Roobaea Alroobaea
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
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34
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Radfar P, Bazaz SR, Mirakhorli F, Warkiani ME. The role of 3D printing in the fight against COVID-19 outbreak. JOURNAL OF 3D PRINTING IN MEDICINE 2021. [PMCID: PMC8098653 DOI: 10.2217/3dp-2020-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Along with the COVID-19 pandemic, urgent needs for medical and specialized products, especially personal protective equipment, has been overwhelming. The conventional production line of medical devices has been challenged by excessive global demand, and the need for an easy, low-cost and rapid fabrication method is felt more than ever. In a scramble to address this shortfall, manufacturers referred to additive manufacturing or 3D printing to fill the gap and increase the production line of medical devices. Various previously/conventionally fabricated designs have been modified and redesigned to suit the 3D printing requirement to fight against COVID-19. In this perspective, various designs accommodated for the current worldwide outbreak of COVID-19 are discussed and how 3D printing could help the global community against the current and future conditions has been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payar Radfar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Sajad Razavi Bazaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Fateme Mirakhorli
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Szlosarek R, Teichert R, Wetzel A, Fichtner A, Reuter F, Kröger M. Design and construction of a simplified, gas-driven, pressure-controlled emergency ventilator. Afr J Emerg Med 2021; 11:175-181. [PMID: 33194539 PMCID: PMC7648187 DOI: 10.1016/j.afjem.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to the COVID-19 crisis or any other mass casualty situation it might be necessary to give artificial ventilation to many affected patients. Contrarily, the worldwide availability of emergency ventilators is still a shortage, especially in developing countries. METHODS Modes of artificial ventilation were compared and the most safe, easy to use, and lung protecting principle was optimized to fit all requirements of both emergency ventilation and cost-effective mass production. RESULTS The presented research results describe a simplified device for a pressure-controlled ventilation which works without electricity according to a known principle. Just pressurized gas and a patient connection is required. The device enables the control of basic ventilator parameters such as peak inspiratory pressure, positive end-expiratory pressure and the ventilation frequency. Further, the device is semiadaptive to the patient's lung stiffness and automatically maintains minute volume through frequency adjustment. The machine can be manufactured by turning, milling and drilling and needs purchased components with costs less than 100 USD. A sterilization and thus a reuse is possible. DISCUSSION The presented development does not describe a ready-to-purchase ventilator, it rather outlines a refined working principle for emergency ventilation and its easiest methods of production with a minimum of requirements. The presented research aims on providing an open-source guideline for production of an emergency ventilator using worldwide available methods and thus should inspire local researchers to do a reverse engineering and eventually to put it into operation following country-specific regulations. For long-term ventilation exceeding emergency purposes, a monitoring of alarms for disconnection and violation of desired ventilator parameters should be established. The ventilator is limited to a fixed ratio between PIP and PEEP. Moreover, the ventilation frequency depends on two parameters, which needs some training. Nevertheless, the ventilator provides basic features to enable an emergency ventilation with minimal prerequisites.
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Daoulas T, Bizaoui V, Dubrana F, Di Francia R. The role of three-dimensional printing in coronavirus disease-19 medical management: A French nationwide survey. ANNALS OF 3D PRINTED MEDICINE 2021; 1:100001. [PMID: 38620317 PMCID: PMC7396323 DOI: 10.1016/j.stlm.2020.100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide and poses various challenges to healthcare services. The limited supply of medical and personal-protective equipment has affected the ability of many countries to respond to the crisis. Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is well suited to addressing these shortages. We assessed the medical role of 3DP during the COVID-19 outbreak in hospitals in France. Design Retrospective survey. Setting and intervention We included and questioned all French level-1 and -2 COVID-certified centers. Participants One hundred and thirty-eight COVID-certified centers were contacted across France: 38 (27.5 %) level 1 and 100 (72.5 %) level 2 centers. The analysis focused on 133 centers (96.37 %), among which 98 (73.68 %) used 3DP. Main outcome measures The primary endpoint was the number of pieces printed in 3D. The secondary endpoints were the mode, type, and benefits of 3DP. Results The total number of pieces printed in 3D nationwide was 84,886: 76,000 pieces of individual protective equipment (IPE) (89.53 %), 6335 pieces of biomedical equipment (7.47 %), and 2551 prototypes (3.01 %). In 91 cases (92.85 %), 3DP was performed using external printers. The pieces 3D-printed by the various centers helped around 6109 patients and protected around 41,091 caregivers. Conclusions 3DP produced more than 84,000 pieces at 98 centers, helped more than 6000 patients, and protected more than 41,000 caregivers. Therefore, 3DP played a major role in medical aid during the COVID-19 outbreak in France.
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Aydin A, Demirtas Z, Ok M, Erkus H, Cebi G, Uysal E, Gunduz O, Ustundag CB. 3D printing in the battle against COVID-19. EMERGENT MATERIALS 2021; 4:363-386. [PMID: 33585793 PMCID: PMC7868677 DOI: 10.1007/s42247-021-00164-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that is SARS-CoV-2, previously called 2019-nCoV, is a kind of human infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Based on the prompt increase of human infection rate, COVID-19 outbreak was distinguished as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). By 2020, COVID-19 becomes a major health problem all around the world. Due to the battle against COVID-19, there are some adversities that are encountered with. The most significant difficulty is the lack of equipment for the COVID-19 battle. Lately, there is not sufficient personal protective equipment (PPE) for hospital workers on the front lines in this terrifying time. All around the world, hospitals are overwhelmed by the volume of patients and the lack of personal protective equipment including face masks, gloves, eye protection and clothing. In addition, the lack of nasal swabs, which are necessary components, that are used for testing is another issue that is being faced. There are a small number of respirators, which are emergency devices that help patients breathe for a short period of time. To overcome the limited number of equipment available, the foremost solution can be 3D printing that allows three-dimensional renderings to be realized as physical objects with the use of a printer and that revolutionized prototyping. Low-cost desktop 3D printers allow economical 3D models and guides but have less quality approvals. 3D printing is already well integrated into the process of COVID-19 battle by manufacturing the equipment that are convenient. The goals of this review are to explore the techniques of 3D printing for the equipment that are used for COVID-19 battle and evaluate the materials that are used for manufacturing and the manufactured equipment. Lastly, the advantages and disadvantages of 3D printing are figured out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayca Aydin
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Demirtas
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Ok
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Erkus
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Cebi
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Uysal
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
- Vocational School of Health Care Services, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
- Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem Bulent Ustundag
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
- Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
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Tharayil A, Rajakumari R, Chirayil CJ, Thomas S, Kalarikkal N. A short review on nanotechnology interventions against COVID-19. EMERGENT MATERIALS 2021; 4:131-141. [PMID: 33554045 PMCID: PMC7856851 DOI: 10.1007/s42247-021-00163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 has affected all major aspects of the society in a global perspective. The role of nanotechnology is much sought after in fighting this pandemic. Advanced materials based on nanotechnology are the basis of several technologies starting from masks and personal protection equipment to specific diagnostic tools that could diminish the impact of COVID-19. Development of nanotechnology-based products is therefore an absolute necessity for fight against COVID-19. We examine the fundamental concepts related to virology, histopathologic findings and how nanotechnology can help in fighting the disease. In this review we discuss the state of the art and ongoing nanotechnology-based strategies like antiviral coatings, 3D printing and therapeutics to fight against this deadly disease. The importance of using nanoparticles in point of care tests and biosensors is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhimanyu Tharayil
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560 India
| | - R. Rajakumari
- International and Inter-University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560 India
| | | | - Sabu Thomas
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560 India
- International and Inter-University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560 India
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560 India
| | - Nandakumar Kalarikkal
- International and Inter-University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560 India
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560 India
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Longhitano GA, Nunes GB, Candido G, da Silva JVL. The role of 3D printing during COVID-19 pandemic: a review. PROGRESS IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2020; 6:19-37. [PMID: 38624444 PMCID: PMC7685299 DOI: 10.1007/s40964-020-00159-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread through more than 180 countries, leading to diverse health systems overload around the world. Because of the high number of patients and the supply chain disruption, it generated a shortage of medical devices and personal protective equipment. In this context, initiatives from the additive manufacturing community emerged to fight the lack of devices. Diverse designs were produced and are currently being used in hospitals by patients and health workers. However, as some devices must follow strict standards, these products may not fulfill these standards. Therefore, to ensure the user's health, there is a need for understanding each device, their usage, and standards. This study reviews the use of additive manufacturing during COVID-19 pandemic. It gathers the source of several 3D printed devices such as face shields, face masks, valves, nasopharyngeal swabs, and others, discussing their use and regulatory issues. In this regard, the major drawbacks of the technology, addressed for the next pandemic scenario, are highlighted. Finally, some insights of the future of additive manufacturing during emergency are given and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Geovany Candido
- Center for Information Technology Renato Archer (CTI), Campinas, Brazil
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Bharti N, Singh S. COVID-19: The Use of 3D Printing to Address PPE Shortage during a Pandemic-A Safety Perspective. ACS CHEMICAL HEALTH & SAFETY 2020; 27:335-340. [PMID: 34191964 PMCID: PMC7670820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.0c00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic created a global health crisis that impacted the supply of personal protective equipment and created a shortage of much-needed face shields and masks for essential workers. During this time, a community of manufacturers, academic institutes, and hobbyists came together and tried to address the supply shortage by providing 3D-printed face shields and masks. Although the Secretary of U.S. Department of Human and Health Services and the Food and Drug Administration relaxed some of the liability and product regulations regarding 3D-printed medical supplies during the pandemic, the safety of 3D-printed face shields and masks is still a concern. In this Review, we have highlighted some of the safety concerns related to printing materials, design consideration, waste generation and disposal, intellectual property and manufacturing regulations, and the sanitization of 3D-printed personal protective equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Bharti
- University
Libraries, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Shailendra Singh
- Environmental
Health and Safety, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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Lopes MCBT, Bernardo LS, Camargo ESD, Moraes GMD, Piacezzi LHV, Batista REA, Vancini-Campanharo CR. Use of three-dimensional technology in tracheal intubation: an alternative to minimize the contamination risk by COVID-19. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2020; 18:eCE6118. [PMID: 33206815 PMCID: PMC7647383 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2020ce6118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Tarfaoui M, Nachtane M, Goda I, Qureshi Y, Benyahia H. Additive manufacturing in fighting against novel coronavirus COVID-19. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 2020; 110:2913-2927. [PMID: 32963417 PMCID: PMC7498197 DOI: 10.1007/s00170-020-06077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, COVID-19 also known as novel coronavirus has become a global pandemic by causing severe respiratory tract infections in humans without any definite treatment or vaccine. Therefore, disease control measures include slowing down or averting the transfer of this viral infection from person to person. Continuous efforts are carried out to avoid the transmission of this disease to frontline healthcare personnel using single-use personal protective equipment (PPE). However, a critical shortage in this equipment around the world is becoming an alarming concern. Therefore, it is vital to present a possible alternative to overcome the acute shortage of protective gear such as face masks against this infectious disease which can have universal accessibility and is easily available. Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a possible solution to overcome the shortage of protective gear and can play a vital role in supporting their conventional production supplies during this global pandemic situation. In this context, this paper provides a brief background study of COVID-19, its conventional preventive measure, and a detailed overview regarding the latest AM efforts including designers' providers and makers in the 3D printing community. Moreover, numerous inquiries and questions such as technical factors, testing recommendations and characterization methods and biological concerns such as biocompatibility and sterilization for the AM manufactured medical devices are addressed in this paper. In the end, two examples of AM medical devices, i.e., face mask and Ambu bag ventilator, are presented and studied through numerical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Tarfaoui
- ENSTA Bretagne, IRDL-UMR CNRS 6027, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - M. Nachtane
- Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, HESAM Université, I2M Bordeaux, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - I. Goda
- Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, HESAM Université, I2M Bordeaux, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Y. Qureshi
- ENSTA Bretagne, IRDL-UMR CNRS 6027, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - H. Benyahia
- ENSTA Bretagne, IRDL-UMR CNRS 6027, F-29200 Brest, France
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Duda S, Hartig S, Hagner K, Meyer L, Intriago PW, Meyer T, Wessling H. Potential risks of a widespread use of 3D printing for the manufacturing of face masks during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic. JOURNAL OF 3D PRINTING IN MEDICINE 2020. [PMCID: PMC7707523 DOI: 10.2217/3dp-2020-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: In 2020, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic caused serious concerns about the availability of face masks. This paper studies the technical feasibility of user-specific face mask production by 3D printing and the effectiveness of these masks. Material & methods: Six different face mask designs were produced by 3D printing and tested by subjective experimenter evaluation and using a respirator fit testing kit. Results were compared with the requirements as given for standard protective face masks. Results: None of the printed masks came anywhere near the required standards for personal protective gear. Conclusion: In spite of their euphoric presentation in the press, none of the currently advertised 3D printed mask designs are suitable as reliable personal protective equipment. The 3D printing community contributed to overcome potential supply bottlenecks for personal protective gear during the worldwide spread of the corona virus disease by providing open-source data for 3D printing of personal protective equipment. In this study, different mask designs were produced by 3D printing and subjected to a technical examination to evaluate the protective properties of these masks. In spite of their euphoric presentation in the press, none of the tested masks are suitable as reliable personal protective equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Duda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the German Armed Forces, Lange Strasse 38, Westerstede 26655, Germany
| | - Sascha Hartig
- Laboratory for Manufacturing Technology, Helmut Schmidt University/University of the German Armed Forces, Holstenhofweg 85, Hamburg 22043, Germany
| | - Karola Hagner
- Department for Individual and Collective Protection, Bundeswehr Research Institute for Protective Technologies & NBC Protection (WIS), Humboldtstraße 100, Munster 29633, Germany
| | - Lisa Meyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the German Armed Forces, Lange Strasse 38, Westerstede 26655, Germany
| | - Paula Wessling Intriago
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the German Armed Forces, Lange Strasse 38, Westerstede 26655, Germany
| | - Tobias Meyer
- Laboratory for Manufacturing Technology, Helmut Schmidt University/University of the German Armed Forces, Holstenhofweg 85, Hamburg 22043, Germany
| | - Heinrich Wessling
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the German Armed Forces, Lange Strasse 38, Westerstede 26655, Germany
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Belhouideg S. Impact of 3D printed medical equipment on the management of the Covid19 pandemic. Int J Health Plann Manage 2020; 35:1014-1022. [PMID: 32567722 PMCID: PMC7361600 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Very high mortality rates of coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) are observed around the world due to lack of medical equipment. The increased need for medical devices and personal protective equipment (PPE) has kept several healthcare professionals at risk. Fortunately, 3D printing technology allows to overcome the lack of medical supplies. This study highlights the impact of 3D printing on the combat against COVID19, and its importance in the medical product supply chain. Indeed, the existing medical equipment fabricated by 3D printing technology and its role in the management of Covid19 pandemic is presented. Moreover, the last works are examined to know whether the models of the medical equipment are free of use and whether useful informations are presented (eg, available design data and setup guidelines).
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Affiliation(s)
- Soufiane Belhouideg
- Team of Applied Physics and New Technologies, Department of Physics, Polydisciplinary Faculty Beni Mellal, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
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