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Cai H, Wang L, Jin X. Leader's Machiavellianism and employees' counterproductive work behavior: testing a moderated mediation model. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1283509. [PMID: 38303779 PMCID: PMC10830754 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1283509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Counterproductive work behavior wastes organizational resources and significantly damages organizational development. The importance of employees' counterproductive work behaviors in organizations is becoming increasingly obvious. This is directly related to the sustainable development and survival of organizations. This study believes that employee's behavior is closely related to leadership style. In particular, employees' in small- and medium-sized enterprises are often manipulated and deceived by leaders, resulting in dissatisfaction and counterproductive work behavior. In order to address this behavior, this study collected survey data from 289 employees from Chinese SMEs to explore the relationship between perceived abusive supervision and organizational political behavior in Machiavellian leadership and counterproductive work behavior. The results suggest that Machiavellian positive influence counterproductive work behavior through a mediating role of perceived abusive supervision. Furthermore, leader organizational political behavior moderates the indirect effect of perceived abusive supervision such that the effect is stronger when leader organizational political behavior is high. This study aimed to identify the variables that increase employees counterproductive work behavior, propose recommendations for reducing employees' counterproductive work behavior, expanded the scope of counterproductive work behavior research, and provided a theoretical basis for related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Business Administration, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiu Jin
- Department of Business Administration, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
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2
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Duradoni M, Gursesli MC, Martucci A, Gonzalez Ayarza IY, Colombini G, Guazzini A. Dark Personality Traits and Counterproductive Work Behavior: A PRISMA Systematic Review. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231219921. [PMID: 38041685 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231219921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays it is important for companies to keep their profits and productivity high. This can be achieved by creating a good environment in which employees can perform at their best. Unfortunately, counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is widespread in the workplace and poses a serious threat to both organizational performance and employee well-being. Among the many potential risk factors for CWB, the Dark Triad (DT) personality traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) have received increasing attention in recent years. To assess the robustness and magnitude of the association between DT and CWB, we conducted a systematic review of the available literature on DT and CWB using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines after a thorough search of several databases, 21 papers were included. The results showed that DT and CWB are positively associated. Psychopathy exhibited the strongest positive association with CWB, followed immediately by Machiavellianism and narcissism. Moreover, Machiavellianism and psychopathy showed positive correlations with both forms of CWB (organisational and interpersonal), whereas narcissism was positively correlated only with interpersonal CWB. Our findings highlight that even though organisations could benefit from people with DT at the performance level, there could be serious implications for well-being and an appropriate work environment due to CWB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Duradoni
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mustafa Can Gursesli
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessia Martucci
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Colombini
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Andrea Guazzini
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
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Xia G, Zhang Y, Dong L, Huang F, Pu Y, Luo J, Chen YP, Lei Z. The mediating role of organizational commitment between workplace bullying and turnover intention among clinical nurses in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:360. [PMID: 37803355 PMCID: PMC10559583 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace bullying experienced by clinical nurses is a critical and pervasive issue that not only detrimentally impacts nurses but also poses a significant threat to the overall quality of nursing services and patient care. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between workplace bullying and turnover intention among clinical nurses in China. METHODS Participants were recruited from 40 hospitals in various provinces of China from December 2, 2021 to February 25, 2023, using convenience sampling. After obtaining hospital ethical approval and participants' informed consent, clinical nurses (n = 585) from different nursing departments in different hospitals completed the questionnaire. The Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Negative Acts Qestionnaire, Chinese Workers' Organizational Commitment Scale and Turnover Intention Questionnaire were used to collect general demographic data of nurses and assess workplace bullying they experienced, their level of organizational commitment and turnover intention. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analyses and structural equation model were adopted to analyze the data. RESULTS Pearson's correlation analysis showed that that workplace bullying was significantly negatively correlated with organizational commitment (r = - 0.512, P<0.01) and significantly positively correlated with turnover intention (r = 0.558, P<0.01), organizational commitment was significantly negatively correlated with turnover intention (r = - 0.539, P<0.01). Mediation analysis indicated organizational commitment partially mediated the association between workplace bullying and turnover intention. The total effect (β = 0.69) of workplace bullying on turnover intention consisted of its direct effect (β = 0.41) and the indirect effect mediated through organizational commitment (β = 0.280), with the mediating effect accounting for 40.58% of the total effect. CONCLUSION Organizational commitment mediated the associations of workplace bullying and turnover intention. Therefore, healthcare organizations and nursing managers should develop appropriate strategies to enhance nurses' organizational commitment in order to reduce their turnover intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guili Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Ling Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengtao Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yi-Ping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhengxia Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Li C, Murad M, Awais-E-Yazdan M. The impact of leadership styles on employee safety behaviour among Chinese healthcare workers: The moderating role of cooperation facilitation. Int J Health Plann Manage 2023; 38:1377-1395. [PMID: 37269063 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the support of social exchange theory and social impact theory, this study aimed to examine the impact of transactional and transformational leadership on safety behaviour with the moderating role of cooperation facilitation in Chinese healthcare workers. This study used a simple random sampling method and data were collected from healthcare workers in Zhenjiang city, Jiangsu province, China. A total of 376 questionnaires were utilised and partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique was used for data analysis. The result showed that transactional and transformational leadership positively impact safety behaviour of health care workers. The findings also indicated that cooperation facilitation positively moderates the relationship between transactional and transformational leadership on safety behaviour. This study provides an insightful contribution that leadership must encourage the workers to cooperate in safety-related activities to make the work environment healthier and safer. Lastly, this study also discussed some theoretical and practical implications for researchers and policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Li
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Majid Murad
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Muhammad Awais-E-Yazdan
- Faculty of Business and Management Sciences, The Superior University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ammi M, Fooken J, Klein J, Scott A. Does doctors' personality differ from those of patients, the highly educated and other caring professions? An observational study using two nationally representative Australian surveys. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069850. [PMID: 37094898 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Personality differences between doctors and patients can affect treatment outcomes. We examine these trait disparities, as well as differences across medical specialities. DESIGN Retrospective, observational statistical analysis of secondary data. SETTING Data from two data sets that are nationally representative of doctors and the general population in Australia. PARTICIPANTS We include 23 358 individuals from a representative survey of the general Australian population (with subgroups of 18 705 patients, 1261 highly educated individuals and 5814 working in caring professions) as well as 19 351 doctors from a representative survey of doctors in Australia (with subgroups of 5844 general practitioners, 1776 person-oriented specialists and 3245 technique-oriented specialists). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Big Five personality traits and locus of control. Measures are standardised by gender, age and being born overseas and weighted to be representative of their population. RESULTS Doctors are significantly more agreeable (a: standardised score -0.12, 95% CIs -0.18 to -0.06), conscientious (c: -0.27 to -0.33 to -0.20), extroverted (e: 0.11, 0.04 to 0.17) and neurotic (n: 0.14, CI 0.08 to 0.20) than the general population (a: -0.38 to -0.42 to -0.34, c: -0.96 to -1.00 to -0.91, e: -0.22 to -0.26 to -0.19, n: -1.01 to -1.03 to -0.98) or patients (a: -0.77 to -0.85 to -0.69, c: -1.27 to -1.36 to -1.19, e: -0.24 to -0.31 to -0.18, n: -0.71 to -0.76 to -0.66). Patients (-0.03 to -0.10 to 0.05) are more open than doctors (-0.30 to -0.36 to -0.23). Doctors have a significantly more external locus of control (0.06, 0.00 to 0.13) than the general population (-0.10 to -0.13 to -0.06) but do not differ from patients (-0.04 to -0.11 to 0.03). There are minor differences in personality traits among doctors with different specialities. CONCLUSIONS Several personality traits differ between doctors, the population and patients. Awareness about differences can improve doctor-patient communication and allow patients to understand and comply with treatment recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ammi
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonas Fooken
- Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jill Klein
- Melbourne Business School and Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony Scott
- Melbourne Institute: Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Plouffe RA, Kowalski CM, Papageorgiou KA, Dinić BM, Artamonova E, Dagnall N, Denovan A, Gianniou FM, Kyriazos T, Saklofske DH, Stalikas A. The Revised Assessment of Sadistic Personality (ASP-8): Evidence for Validity across Four Countries. J Pers Assess 2023; 105:149-162. [PMID: 35412410 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2022.2055476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Subclinical sadism, characterized by infliction of cruelty, aggression, or humiliation on another for subjugation or pleasure, provides important information in the prediction of aversive behaviors that have implications for individuals' and society's well-being worldwide. Given sadism's universal relevance, it is imperative that researchers ensure valid and reliable trait measurement not only among English-speaking individuals, but also cross-nationally among countries in which sadism remains relatively understudied. The objective of the current research was to validate the revised version of the Assessment of Sadistic Personality (ASP-8) (Plouffe et al., 2017) across samples of Russian (n = 1087, Mage = 37.36, SD = 10.36), Greek (n = 1195, Mage = 35.64, SDage = 13.08), Serbian (n = 443, Mage = 28.10, SDage = 6.60), and British (n = 511, Mage = 28.50, SDage = 11.62) adults. Overall, results supported the reliability, dimensionality, and scalar/partial scalar measurement invariance of the ASP-8 across cross-national samples. Convergent and discriminant validity were mostly supported through correlations with general personality traits, the Dark Triad, emotional intelligence, mental toughness, depression, anxiety, stress, satisfaction with life, aggression, and attitudes toward social groups. Based on our findings, we recommend the use of the ASP-8 in future investigations of aversive traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Plouffe
- The MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | | | | | - Bojana M Dinić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Elena Artamonova
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Dagnall
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Denovan
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Theodoros Kyriazos
- Department of Psychology, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anastassios Stalikas
- Department of Psychology, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Greece
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Ji Y, Liu H, Liu S, Xu M, Lin Z. Are narcissists more creative? Only if we believe it: How narcissism can relate to creativity. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1091770. [PMID: 36687845 PMCID: PMC9853005 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1091770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between narcissism and creativity has inspired interesting debates for decades. Drawing on a new perspective, the current study tried to explain how narcissism influences others' creativity evaluation in the organizational context. Based on the theory of impression management, we suggested that narcissism and creativity may have a more complex relationship rather than a simple linear link. To test this relationship, we conducted a survey of 596 subordinates and 60 leaders in three high-technology companies. The result showed that there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between narcissism and creativity evaluation. Moreover, personal reputation mediated this curvilinear relationship and this relationship was significant only when narcissists were low in political skill. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations and future directions have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueting Ji
- Department of Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Business School, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Division of Leadership, Management, and Organizations, Nanyang Business School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore,*Correspondence: Haiyang Liu, ✉
| | - Shengming Liu
- Department of Business Administration, School of Management, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minya Xu
- Department of Business Statistics and Econometrics, Guanghua School of Management, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zixiang Lin
- Policy Research Office, China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing, China
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8
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Fernández-del-Río E, Castro Á, Ramos-Villagrasa PJ. Dark Tetrad and workplace deviance: Investigating the moderating role of organizational justice perceptions. Front Psychol 2022; 13:968283. [PMID: 36337551 PMCID: PMC9631426 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.968283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study tested the direct effects of Dark Tetrad traits on organizational and interpersonal counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs). We also examined the moderating effects of the three dimensions of organizational justice - distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice - on the Dark Tetrad-CWBs relationships. Based on the data from 613 employees across different occupations, the results revealed that only psychopathy and sadism had significant effects on CWBs targeted at the organization. The results also supported the direct effect of sadism on interpersonal CWBs. The findings confirmed the moderating role of interactional justice but differentially, depending on the dark trait and the target of workplace deviance. Whereas low and medium levels of interactional justice moderated the relationship between Machiavellianism and CWBs directed to the organization, it did not play any role in narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism. Regarding CWBs aimed at other people, interactional justice emerged as a significant moderator in Machiavellianism and sadism. But, whereas sadistic employees performed more harmful behaviors toward other individuals whatever their level of interactional justice, if people high in Machiavellianism (Machs) perceived a high fair interpersonal treatment, they did not show deviant behaviors directed at other employees. The paper concludes with some suggestions and recommendations about the relevance of organizational justice in the influence of dark personality traits on CWBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fernández-del-Río
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Work and Social Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ángel Castro
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Pedro J. Ramos-Villagrasa
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Work and Social Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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9
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Khawar R, Amin R, Zulfqar A, Hussain S, Hussain B, Muqaddas F. Dark personality traits and entrepreneurial intentions among Pakistani university students: The role of executive functions and academic intent to entrepreneurship. Front Psychol 2022; 13:989775. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.989775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the mediating role of core Executive Functions (EF: working memory and inhibitory control) and moderating role of Perceived Academic Intent to Entrepreneurship (PAIE) in relationship between Dark Personality Traits (SDT) and Entrepreneurial Intentions (EI) of university students. A sample of 539 university students enrolled in various undergraduate and postgraduate programs completed the Short Dark Triad-3 (SD3), Adult Executive Functioning Inventory (ADEXI), and measures for assessing Entrepreneurial Intent and Perceived Academic Intent to Entrepreneurship. The results showed that of SDT, only Machiavellianism was significantly associated with EI. Both of the core executive functions and PAIE were also positively correlated with EI. Moreover, findings showed that EF positively mediated the relationship between Machiavellian disposition and entrepreneurial intention, while perceived academic intent to entrepreneurship moderated the relationship between executive functions and EI. A significant moderated mediation index was also reported. Findings offer useful insight to the interplay among above mentioned variables and guide educational and organizational psychologists to employ core cognitive strategies for promoting entrepreneurial thoughts and channelizing the productive energies of students with malevolent tendencies through academic coaching.
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10
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Qi L, Chaudhary NI, Yao K, Mirza F, Khalid R. The moderating role of transformational leadership on the relationship between deviant workplace behaviors and employee turnover intentions in China. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1005055. [PMID: 36304849 PMCID: PMC9592725 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1005055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effect of deviant workplace behaviors, such as mistreatment, bullying, and incivility on employee turnover intention and identify the transformational leadership role as a moderator. The data was collected through a survey questionnaire with the help of a purposive sampling technique. A total of 318 respondents’ data was gathered from university academic and general staff in China. The results were analyzed through SPSS and structural equation modeling structural equation modeling (SEM) software. The findings indicate that deviant workplace behavior, i.e., mistreatment, bullying, and incivility, significantly affect employee turnover intention. Moreover, a result shows that transformational leadership has a significant moderating role on the relationship between turnover intention and workplace bullying and incivility but was insignificant between turnover intention and workplace mistreatment. Lastly, implications and limitations were also discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linkai Qi
- Business School, Shanghai University of Engineering Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Linkai Qi,
| | - Naveed Iqbal Chaudhary
- Department of Business Administration, University of the Punjab (Gujranwala Campus), Lahore, Pakistan
- Naveed Iqbal Chaudhary,
| | - Kai Yao
- Business School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Farhan Mirza
- Knowledge Unit of Systems and Technology (KUST) Department, University of Management and Technology (Sialkot Campus) Sialkot, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Khalid
- Department of Business Administration, University of the Punjab (Gujranwala Campus), Lahore, Pakistan
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11
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Veríssimo AC, Conrado GAM, Barbosa J, Gomes SF, Severo M, Oliveira P, Ribeiro L. Machiavellian Medical Students Report More Academic Misconduct: A Cocktail Fuelled by Psychological and Contextual Factors. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:2097-2105. [PMID: 35983023 PMCID: PMC9380600 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s370402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Maladaptive personality traits and some psychological functioning indicators have been linked to academic misbehaviour; yet their role is still poorly explored in medical students. This study aims to assess associations of academic misconduct with dark personality traits and psychological well-being. Methods Five hundred and ninety-one medical students attending the first, third and fifth-year at one Portuguese medical school replied to the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen, Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales and an original Academic Misconduct Questionnaire, using a cross-sectional design. Multiple linear regression was performed to assess associations. Results Fifth-year medical students who scored higher in Machiavellianism and psychological well-being and perceived greater peer fraud and lower penalty for cheating reported more academic misconduct. The explanatory power of the model was 16.6%. Machiavellianism showed the strongest associations with cheating, while sex and age were not significant predictors. Conclusion This study offers relevant insights into how maladaptive personalities influence academic misconduct in medical students, and how this relationship is moulded by psychological and contextual factors. These findings can help guide institutional actions to foster academic integrity in future physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Veríssimo
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - George A M Conrado
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Joselina Barbosa
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra F Gomes
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Oliveira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Laura Ribeiro
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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12
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Mushtaq A, Inam A, Najmussaqib A, Afshan A, Ermagan-Caglar E. Mediating Role of Psychological Maladjustment in Relation Between Dark Triad, Psychological Distress and Subjective Happiness of Pakistani Emerging Adults. Front Psychol 2022; 13:906334. [PMID: 35874377 PMCID: PMC9304974 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.906334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition from adolescence to adulthood is fraught with challenges that might have impacts on later life and personality development. Earlier research investigated Dark Triad traits in connection to emotional problems. The current study, on the other hand, focused on investigating the mediating role of psychological maladjustment in the relation of Dark Triad traits, psychological distress, and subjective happiness in emerging adults. A sample of 546 participants aged 18–25 years (M = 21.2 years) from Pakistan have participated to complete an online survey. Standardized assessment tools were used to measure the targeted variables. Results indicated that Machiavellianism and psychopathy were positively associated with psychological distress, whereas narcissism appeared to be a non-significant predictor. Subjective happiness was positively associated with Machiavellianism and negatively associated with psychopathy. In addition, mediation analysis through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) indicated that the Dark Triad traits (Machiavellianism and psychopathology), psychological distress, and subjective wellbeing were explained by psychological maladjustment. Implications and limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asia Mushtaq
- Department of Applied Psychology, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Asia Mushtaq
| | - Ayesha Inam
- Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arooj Najmussaqib
- Department of Applied Psychology, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anjum Afshan
- Bilquis Postgraduate College for Women, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Affiliated College of Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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13
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Jin S, Zhu X, Fu X, Wang J. Family Supportive Leadership and Counterproductive Work Behavior: The Roles of Work-Family Conflict, Moral Disengagement and Personal Life Attribution. Front Psychol 2022; 13:906877. [PMID: 35693528 PMCID: PMC9184795 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.906877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is one of the most common behavioral decisions of employees in the workplace that negatively impacts the sustainable development of enterprises. Previous studies have shown that individuals make CWB decisions for different reasons. Some individuals engage in CWB due to cognitive factors (i.e., perceived organizational justice and psychological contract breakdown), whereas others engage in CWB in response to leadership behaviors (i.e., abusive management). The conservation of resources (COR) theory holds that individuals have the tendency to preserve, protect and acquire resources. When experiencing the loss of resources, individuals will show irrational and aggressive behaviors in order to regain resources. When obtaining resources, individuals' tension and pressure will be relieved. To maintain or continue obtaining resources, individuals will show more positive work attitudes and behaviors. Therefore, using the COR theory as the main theoretical framework, this study explores a serial mediation model between family supportive leadership and CWB through work-family conflict and moral disengagement, moderated by personal life attribution. A three-wave survey of 251 medical workers from three hospitals found that family supportive leadership can reduce employees' perceived work-family conflict, which leads to less moral disengagement, resulting in lower CWB. Personal life attribution strengthens the negative indirect effect of family supportive leadership on CWB by reinforcing the negative association between family supportive leadership and work-family conflict. This study uses the COR theory to explore the mechanism and boundary conditions of family supportive leadership and CWB from the perspective of negative work-family relationship, which enrichis the research content of existing theories. Moreover, this study has important guiding significance for managers to take effective measures to reduce CWB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jin
- Business School, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiji Zhu
- Business School, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Fu
- Business School, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Information, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
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14
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Zhu Y, Zhang D. Workplace Ostracism and Counterproductive Work Behaviors: The Chain Mediating Role of Anger and Turnover Intention. Front Psychol 2021; 12:761560. [PMID: 34955982 PMCID: PMC8692575 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.761560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the mediating effect of anger and turnover intention on the relationship between workplace ostracism and counterproductive work behaviors. A two-stage follow-up survey of 426 employees born after 1990 was conducted using the Workplace Ostracism Scale, Counterproductive Work Behaviors Scale, Trait Anger subscale of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, and Turnover Intention Scale. Workplace ostracism was found to be significantly positively correlated with anger, turnover intention, and counterproductive work behaviors. Furthermore, anger and turnover intention both separately and serially mediated the relationship between workplace ostracism and counterproductive work behaviors. This study confirms the chain mediating effect of anger and turnover intention on the relationship between workplace ostracism and counterproductive work behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingge Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Denghao Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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15
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Linfang Z, Khalid R, Raza M, Chanrawang N, Parveen R. The Impact of Psychological Factors on Women Entrepreneurial Inclination: Mediating Role of Self-Leadership. Front Psychol 2021; 12:796272. [PMID: 35002890 PMCID: PMC8733164 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.796272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The worth of women's entrepreneurship is accepted globally, but there is less focus on it in developing countries, and societal expectations mean women often lack the confidence to start their own business. The core purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of personality traits on women's inclination toward entrepreneurship. The personality traits are measured through the dimensions of openness, neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness. Further, the study introduced the mediator of self-leadership on personality traits and entrepreneurial intentions of women. The study is quantitative in nature and used a questionnaire survey to collect the data by convenience sampling technique. The data was collected in the context of Pakistan, and Smart PLS was chosen for further analysis. The findings revealed the significance of the relationship between personality traits and entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, the study also highlighted the significance of self-leadership as a mediator and proposed significant relationships. The study suggested that personality issues should be considered and used from a business perspective, and self-leadership is important for women. The study provides room for policymakers and institutes to inform educational policies to motivate women entrepreneurs for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Linfang
- School of Business Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Sichuan, China
| | - Rimsha Khalid
- Department of Business Management, Limkokwing University of Creative Technology, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - Mohsin Raza
- Faculty of Management Sciences, Phuket Rajabhat University, Phuket, Thailand
| | - Noppadol Chanrawang
- Faculty of Management Sciences, Phuket Rajabhat University, Phuket, Thailand
| | - Rehana Parveen
- College of Law, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Zhou Y, Wang C, Shahzad F, Murad M. The Influence Mechanism of Knowledge-Based Professionals' Core Value Identity on Creativity From the Perspective of the Knowledge Economy. Front Psychol 2021; 12:724463. [PMID: 34751222 PMCID: PMC8571018 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.724463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of the knowledge economy, tacit knowledge transfer is a key strategy for developing personal creativity, but it also is affected by core value agreement. Knowledge-based professionals have innate sensitivity with core value agreement. In the knowledge capital development system, tacit knowledge transfer is a key strategy to be discovered. This research investigates the core value identity mechanism of knowledge professionals from the perspective of the knowledge economy. The results revealed the intrinsic relationship between core values identity, tacit knowledge transferring, and personal creativity based on knowledge-based professionals’ data and employing core values identity, tacit knowledge transferring, and personal creativity based on knowledge-based professionals’ data and structural equation modeling. The results also represent the incentive path of tacit knowledge transferring in personal creativity under the core value agreement condition, which may provide a theoretical inspiration to foster knowledge-based talent creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Zhou
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fakhar Shahzad
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Business Administration, ILMA University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Majid Murad
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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17
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Li Z, Oljaca M, Firdousi SF, Akram U. Managing Diversity in the Chinese Organizational Context: The Impact of Workforce Diversity Management on Employee Job Performance. Front Psychol 2021; 12:733429. [PMID: 34712181 PMCID: PMC8545889 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.733429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of workforce diversity management on employee job performance in the Chinese organizational context, considering the mediating effect of person-job match and employee commitment and the moderating effect of structural empowerment. Data were collected from 400 telecommunication sector employees in China. All hypotheses were tested through structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings of the study illustrated that workforce diversity management has a positive and significant impact on employee job performance. Furthermore, the results indicated that person-job match and employee commitment partially mediate the relationship between workforce diversity management and employee job performance. Moreover, structural empowerment directly affects employee job performance, whereas a moderating effect is also found in the relationship between workforce diversity management and employee job performance. Finally, implications and limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Li
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | | | - Umair Akram
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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18
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The Influence of Despotic Leadership on Counterproductive Work Behavior Among Police Personnel: Role of Emotional Exhaustion and Organizational Cynicism. JOURNAL OF POLICE AND CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11896-021-09470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Jiatong W, Li C, Murad M, Shahzad F, Ashraf SF. Impact of Social Entrepreneurial Factors on Sustainable Enterprise Development: Mediating Role of Social Network and Moderating Effect of Government Regulations. SAGE OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/21582440211030636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Social entrepreneurship is the procedure of social mission that helps the society using innovative ideas and merging resources to develop economic and social values. This study aims to identify the role of social mission and social innovation on sustainable enterprise development with the mediating role of social network, and the moderating role of government regulations. The nature of our study is cross-sectional, and structural equation modeling is used on a sample of 486 social entrepreneurs from 27 countries with the help of online survey data. The results illustrate that social mission and social innovation are positively related to sustainable enterprise development. Besides, findings indicate that social network has a partially mediating role in the relationship between social mission and social innovation on sustainable enterprise development. Moreover, this study states that government regulations also have a positive influence and significant moderating effect on sustainable enterprise development. Our findings might be helpful for social entrepreneurs to create a more positive social impact on society and business enterprise’s growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jiatong
- Zhejiang Yuexiu University of Foreign Languages, Shaoxing, China
| | - Cai Li
- Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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20
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Li C, Ashraf SF, Shahzad F, Bashir I, Murad M, Syed N, Riaz M. Influence of Knowledge Management Practices on Entrepreneurial and Organizational Performance: A Mediated-Moderation Model. Front Psychol 2020; 11:577106. [PMID: 33343453 PMCID: PMC7744290 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.577106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify the influence of knowledge management practices on the entrepreneurial and organizational performance with the mediating effect of dynamic capabilities and moderating role of opportunity recognition. Data were gathered from 486 entrepreneurs and applied a structural equation model to test the hypotheses. We found that knowledge management practices have a positive and significant influence on dynamic capabilities, as well as have a significant impact on entrepreneurial and organizational performance. Moreover, results indicated that dynamic capabilities partially mediate in the relationship between knowledge management practices on entrepreneurial and organizational performance. Furthermore, the relationship between knowledge management practices with entrepreneurial and organizational performance strengthening by opportunity recognition. Further, implications and limitations were discussed in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Li
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | - Fakhar Shahzad
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Iram Bashir
- Lyallpur Business School, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Majid Murad
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Nausheen Syed
- Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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