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Bu X, Li X, Zhou S, Shi L, Jiang X, Peng C, Li H, He J. Prenatal diagnosis of complete paternal uniparental isodisomy for chromosome 3: a case report. Mol Cytogenet 2021; 14:50. [PMID: 34742342 PMCID: PMC8572431 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-021-00569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Uniparental disomy (UPD) is defined as an inheritance of two chromosomes from only one of the parents with no representative copy from the other. Paternal-origin UPD of chromosome 3 is a very rare condition, with only five cases of paternal UPD(3) reported. Case presentation Here, we report a prenatal case that is only the second confirmed paternal UPD(3) reported with no apparent disease phenotype. The fetus had a normal karyotype and normal ultrasound features throughout gestation. Copy neutral regions of homozygosity on chromosome 3 were identified by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Subsequent SNP array data of parent–child trios showed that the fetus carried complete paternal uniparental isodisomy (isoUPD) of chromosome 3. The parents decided to continue with the pregnancy after genetic counseling, and the neonate had normal physical findings at birth and showed normal development after 1.5 years. Conclusions These findings provided further evidence to confirm that there were no important imprinted genes on paternal chromosome 3 that caused serious diseases and a reference for the prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling of UPD(3) in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufen Bu
- Department of Genetics and Eugenics, Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, 413000, Hunan, China
| | - Shihao Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Eugenics, Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Liangcheng Shi
- Department of Genetics and Eugenics, Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Xuanyu Jiang
- Department of Genetics and Eugenics, Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Can Peng
- Department of Genetics and Eugenics, Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Department of Genetics and Eugenics, Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Genetics and Eugenics, Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China.
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Maternal Isodisomy of Chromosome 3 Combined with a De Novo Mutation in the ABHD5 Gene Causes Autosomal Recessive Chanarin-Dorfman Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081164. [PMID: 34440338 PMCID: PMC8391107 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS, MIM #275630) is defined as a neutral lipid storage disease with ichthyosis (NLSDI) due to an accumulation of lipid droplets in a variety of different tissues including liver and muscle cells, leucocytes, fibroblasts and nerve cells It is caused by biallelic mutations in the abhydrolase domain containing 5 gene (ABHD5, MIM *604780) which is localized on the short arm of chromosome 3. Here we report an 18 month-old girl in whom we have identified the homozygous ABHD5 mutation c.700C > T, p.(Arg234*). Since none of the parents carried this point mutation, parentage was confirmed by microsatellite marker analysis. Suspected uniparental disomy (UPD) was confirmed by microsatellite genotyping over the entire chromosome 3 and indicated a maternal origin. UPD is an extremely rare event that is not necessarily pathogenic, but may cause disease if the affected chromosome contains genes that are imprinted. Here we report the first case of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome due to a de novo ABHD5 mutation in the maternal germ cell, combined with a maternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 3. This case demonstrates that genetic analysis of the patient and both parents is crucial to provide correct genetic counseling.
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Zhao J, Xu S, Liu X, Xu Y. Prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling of complete uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 3 with no phenotypic abnormalities. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2021; 59:788-789. [PMID: 32917341 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2020.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Zhao
- Department of Maternal Health Care, Shiyan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuqin Xu
- Department of Maternal Health Care, Shiyan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Department of Maternal Health Care, Shiyan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongqiang Xu
- Department of Child Health Care, Shiyan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
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Andolfo I, Martone S, Ribersani M, Bianchi S, Manna F, Genesio R, Gambale A, Pignataro P, Testi AM, Iolascon A, Russo R. Apparent recessive inheritance of sideroblastic anemia type 2 due to uniparental isodisomy at the SLC25A38 locus. Haematologica 2020; 105:2883-2886. [PMID: 33256393 PMCID: PMC7716369 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.258533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Andolfo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Naples
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples
| | - Stefania Martone
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Naples
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples
| | - Michela Ribersani
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome
| | - Simona Bianchi
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome
| | | | - Rita Genesio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Naples
| | - Antonella Gambale
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples
- Dipartimento assistenziale integrato di Medicina di Laboratorio, UOC Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera ‘Federico II’, Naples, Italy
| | - Piero Pignataro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Naples
| | - Anna Maria Testi
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome
| | - Achille Iolascon
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Naples
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples
| | - Roberta Russo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Naples
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples
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Application of Chromosome Microarray Analysis for the Differential Diagnosis of Low-grade Renal Cell Carcinoma With Clear Cell and Papillary Features. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 28:123-129. [PMID: 32044880 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) are the 2 most common RCCs. However, some RCCs can have both clear cell and papillary features, including clear cell papillary RCC (ccpRCC). They can be a diagnostic challenge in daily practice. Accurate diagnosis of these tumors is important for both patient prognosis and appropriate treatment. Fourteen RCCs with papillary architecture, clear cytoplasm and low Fuhrman grade were analyzed by SNP-based chromosome microarray (CMA). Seven cases had pathologic features of ccpRCC, and all had normal genomic profiles except one that had copy neutral loss of heterozygosity (cnLOH) of chromosome 3 and loss of one copy of the X chromosome. The remaining 7 cases also had papillae and clear cytoplasm. Two of these cases showed losses of chromosome 3 which are typically found in ccRCC. One had a gain of chromosome 7, which is commonly seen in pRCC. The remaining 4 had no alterations of chromosome 3 or 7. However, 3 of these 4 had monosomy 8, which are consistent with RCC with monosomy 8. The remaining case had no copy number alterations. This study shows that low-grade RCC with papillae and clear cell phenotype represents a heterogeneous group, including ccpRCC, ccRCC, pRCC, and RCC with monosomy 8. CMA analysis can be useful for the differential diagnosis of these neoplasms.
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Chen CP, Ko TM, Chen CY, Chern SR, Wu PS, Chen SW, Wu FT, Pan CW, Wang W. Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of mosaicism for a small supernumerary marker chromosome derived from chromosome 3. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 58:864-868. [PMID: 31759544 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2019.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We present prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of a small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) derived from chromosome 3. CASE REPORT A 36-year-old woman underwent amniocentesis at 19 weeks of gestation because of advanced maternal age. Amniocentesis revealed a karyotype of 47,XX,+mar[6]/46,XX[18]. The mother's karyotype was 47,XX,+mar[4]/46,XX[46]. The father's karyotype was 46.XY. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) analysis of uncultured amniocytes revealed a result of arr 3q11.1q12.1 (93,575,285-98,956,687) × 2-3 [GRCh37 (hg19)]. Prenatal ultrasound findings were unremarkable. The parents elected to continue the pregnancy, and a 2470-g female baby was delivered at 37 weeks of gestation without phenotypic abnormalities. The cord blood had a karyotype of 47,XX,+mar[8]/46,XX[32]. aCGH analysis of cord blood revealed a result of arr 3q11.1q11.2 (93,649,973-97,137,764) × 2.4 [GRCh37 (hg19)] with a log2 ratio of 0.25 and a 30-40% mosaicism for 3.488-Mb dosage increase in 3q11.1-q11.2 encompassing four [Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)] genes of PROS1, ARL13B, NSUN3 and EPHA6. Metaphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis confirmed 30% (6/20 cells) mosaicism for the sSMC(3) in the blood lymphocytes. CONCLUSION aCGH and FISH analyses are useful for perinatal investigation of a prenatally detected sSMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical and Community Health Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tsang-Ming Ko
- Genephile Bioscience Laboratory, Ko's Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Schu-Rern Chern
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Shin-Wen Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Tzu Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wen Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wayseen Wang
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Bioengineering, Tatung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Guzmán-Alberto JC, Martínez-Cortes G, Rangel-Villalobos H. Inference of maternal uniparental disomy of the entire chromosome 2 from a paternity test. Int J Legal Med 2018; 133:71-75. [PMID: 29511852 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-018-1811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Atypical situations arise during the constant resolution of paternity cases, which constitute challenges requiring additional genetic systems and non-standard methods. We report a paternity case presenting three alleged father (AF)-child incompatibilities for the markers TPOX, D2S441, and the indel locus B02 (11/11 vs 8/8; 14/14 vs 10/10; 2/2 vs1/1, respectively). Considering the presence of mutations/null alleles, the residual paternity indexes (PI) obtained with 23 autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) and 38 indels suggest that the AF is the father (PI = 1.94e+011). Although the presence of few incompatibilities also could imply paternity of the AF brother, this hypothesis was less probable (PI = 3.20e+9) (W = 98.4 vs 1.6%, respectively). The inclusion of 23 Y-STR loci confirmed the paternity relationship in this case (global PI = 6.08e+15). However, the two multistep STRs and one indel incompatibilities allow discarding the mutation possibility. On the other hand, the confirmation of the homozygous STR genotypes with two different human identification kits and the low probability to find three null alleles (3.10e-8) allow rejecting the null allele presence hypothesis. Conversely, the child's homozygous genotype for maternal alleles in four markers located in the p and q arms of the chromosome 2 (TPOX, D2S441, D2S1338, and B02) suggests that maternal uniparental isodisomy better explains the relationship despite the presence of three paternal incompatibilities. In brief, when multiple incompatibilities are observed in paternity testing, the chromosomal location of the excluding loci and the use of additional genetic systems can be crucial to get confident kinship conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Martínez-Cortes
- Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega Universidad de Guadalajara (CUCiénega-UdeG), Av. Universidad #1115, Col. Paso Blanco, 47810, Ocotlán, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Héctor Rangel-Villalobos
- Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega Universidad de Guadalajara (CUCiénega-UdeG), Av. Universidad #1115, Col. Paso Blanco, 47810, Ocotlán, Jalisco, Mexico.
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The consequences of uniparental disomy and copy number neutral loss-of-heterozygosity during human development and cancer. Biol Cell 2011; 103:303-17. [PMID: 21651501 DOI: 10.1042/bc20110013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UPD (uniparental disomy) describes the inheritance of a pair of chromosomes from only one parent. Mechanisms that lead to UPD include trisomy rescue, gamete complementation, monosomy rescue and somatic recombination. Most of these mechanisms can involve aberrant chromosomes, particularly isochromosomes and Robertsonian translocations. In the last decade, the number of UPD cases reported in the literature has increased exponentially. This is partly due to the advances in genomic technologies that have allowed for high-resolution SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) studies, which have complemented traditional methods relying on polymorphic microsatellite markers. In this review, we discuss aberrant cellular mechanisms leading to UPD and their impact on gene expression. Special emphasis is placed on the unmasking of mutant recessive alleles and the disruption of imprinted gene dosage, which give rise to specific and recurrent imprinting phenotypes. Finally, we discuss how copy number maps determined from SNP array datasets have helped identify not only deletions and duplications but also recurrent copy number neutral regions of loss-of-heterozygosity, which have been reported in many cancer types and that may constitute an important driving force in cancer. These tiny regions of UPD also alter imprinted gene dosage, which may have cumulative tumourgenic effects in addition to that of unmasking homozygous cancer-associated mutations.
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Matejas V, Muscheites J, Wigger M, Kreutzer HJ, Nizze H, Zenker M. Paternal isodisomy of chromosome 3 unmasked by autosomal recessive microcoria-congenital nephrosis syndrome (Pierson syndrome) in a child with no other phenotypic abnormalities. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:2601-4. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Prakash S, LeMaire SA, Bray M, Milewicz DM, Belmont JW. Large deletions and uniparental disomy detected by SNP arrays in adults with thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:2399-405. [PMID: 20683997 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Prakash
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Kamnasaran D, Morin F, Gekas J. Prenatal diagnosis and molecular genetic studies on a new case of agnathia-otocephaly. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2010; 29:207-11. [PMID: 20594144 DOI: 10.3109/15513811003796946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Otocephaly is a severe and lethal malformation. We report a new case of a fetus with agnathia-otocephaly, presenting only the facial findings but with otherwise normal organs. The fetal karyotype was normal. We examined the fetal DNA for uniparental disomy of chromosomes 3 and 4, since the mother is a carrier of a t(3;4) chromosome, but did not identify any evidence. We were also unable to find mutations or possible associations with candidate otocephalic genes, including OTX2 and PGAP1. These findings suggest that the molecular etiology of agnathia-otocephaly is still unknown with a mutation yet to be identified in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kamnasaran
- Department of Pediatrics, Laval University, Centre de recherche de CHUL, 1705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec, Québec, Canada.
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Ferrer-Bolufer I, Dalmau J, Quiroga R, Oltra S, Orellana C, Monfort S, Roselló M, De La Osa A, Martinez F. Tyrosinemia type 1 and Angelman syndrome due to paternal uniparental isodisomy 15. J Inherit Metab Dis 2009; 32 Suppl 1:S349-53. [PMID: 20033293 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-009-9014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Uniparental isodisomy arises when an individual inherits two copies of a specific chromosome from a single parent, which can unmask a recessive mutation or cause a problem of genetic imprinting. Here we describe an exceptional case in which the patient simultaneously presents tyrosinemia type 1 and Angelman syndrome. The genetic studies showed that the patient presents paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 15, with absence of the maternal homolog. As a consequence of this isodisomy, the patient is homozygous for the mutation IVS12+5G>A in the FAH gene, located in the chromosomal region 15q23-25, causing tyrosinemia type 1. The mutation was inherited from his father in double dosage, whereas the mother is not a carrier, which implies that the recurrence risk in the family is negligible. On the other hand, the lack of maternal contribution causes Angelman syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with a loss of maternal gene expression in chromosome region 15q11-q13, and more specifically, of the UBE3A gene. This gene shows a tissue-specific imprinting, and only the maternally derived allele is expressed in certain areas of the brain. We observed through a literature review that uniparental disomy probably occurs more frequently than suspected, although it is more usually detected when the uniparental disomy implies the appearance of a disease because of the gene imprinting or by reduction to homozygosity of a recessive mutation. The conclusion is that uniparental disomy should always be considered when more than one genetic disease mapping to the same chromosome is present in a patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Ferrer-Bolufer
- Unidad de Genética y Diagnóstico Prenatal, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Avda. Campanar, 21, 46009, Valencia, Spain
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Keller MC, McRae AF, McGaughran JM, Visscher PM, Martin NG, Montgomery GW. Non-pathological paternal isodisomy of chromosome 2 detected from a genome-wide SNP scan. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:1823-6. [PMID: 19610117 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Keller
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Boulder, 80309, USA.
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Schneider A, Bardakjian TM, Zhou J, Hughes N, Keep R, Dorsainville D, Kherani F, Katowitz J, Schimmenti LA, Hummel M, Fitzpatrick DR, Young TL. Familial recurrence of SOX2 anophthalmia syndrome: phenotypically normal mother with two affected daughters. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:2794-8. [PMID: 18831064 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The SOX2 anophthalmia syndrome is emerging as a clinically recognizable disorder that has been identified in 10-15% of individuals with bilateral anophthalmia. Extra-ocular anomalies are common. The majority of SOX2 mutations identified appear to arise de novo in probands ascertained through the presence of anophthalmia or microphthalmia. In this report, we describe two sisters with bilateral anophthalmia/microphthalmia, brain anomalies and a novel heterozygous SOX2 gene single-base pair nucleotide deletion, c.551delC, which predicts p.Pro184ArgfsX19. The hypothetical protein product is predicted to lead to haploinsufficient SOX2 function. Mosaicism for this mutation in the SOX2 gene was also identified in their clinically unaffected mother in peripheral blood DNA. Thus it cannot be assumed that all SOX2 mutations in individuals with anophthalmia/microphthalmia are de novo. Testing of parents is indicated when a SOX2 mutation is identified in a proband.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Schneider
- Division of Genetics, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19141, USA.
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Srebniak M, Noomen P, dos Santos P, Halley D, van de Graaf R, Govaerts L, Wouters C, Galjaard RJ, Van Opstal D. An incomplete trisomy 3 rescue resulting in a marker chromosome and UPD(3)-difficulties in interpretation. Prenat Diagn 2008; 28:967-70. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.2077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hoffman TL, Blanco E, Lane A, Galvin-Parton P, Gadi I, Santer R, DeLeón D, Stanley C, Wilson TA. Glucose metabolism and insulin secretion in a patient with ABCC8 mutation and Fanconi-Bickel syndrome caused by maternal isodisomy of chromosome 3. Clin Genet 2007; 71:551-7. [PMID: 17539904 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2007.00802.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi-Bickel syndrome (FBS) is a rare disorder of glucose transport caused by autosomal recessive mutations in GLUT2. Clinically, FBS results in growth failure, hepatomegaly, renal Fanconi syndrome, and abnormal glucose homeostasis. We report a 23 month old female with FBS characterized by more severe and refractory hypoglycemia than typically seen in this disorder. Although previous reports indicate that FBS patients have diminished insulin secretion, our patient showed evidence of hyperinsulinism (HI). Sequence analysis showed that the patient was homozygous for a known null mutation in GLUT2, confirming the clinical diagnosis of FBS. Parental genotyping showed that the mother was heterozygous for the GLUT2 mutation, while the father was wild type. Tandem repeat marker analysis showed that the patient inherited the GLUT2 mutation via maternal isodisomy of chromosome 3. Further molecular testing showed that the patient was heterozygous for a mutation in ABCC8, a known cause of congenital HI. We discuss the patient's biochemical responses in light of the molecular findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Hoffman
- Division of Human Genetics and Birth Defects, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2300, USA.
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