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Assadsangabi A, Evans CA, Corfe BM, Lobo AJ. Exploring Predictive Biomarkers of Relapse in Ulcerative Colitis: A Proteomics Approach. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:808-819. [PMID: 37889841 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Risk stratification of subjects with a history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) into those likely to relapse and those who will remain quiescent continues to be a significant challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate whether certain proteomic signature profiles or biomarkers during remission are associated with future disease relapse in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS Endoscopic rectal samples from patients with UC in clinical, endoscopic, and histological remission at index endoscopy were collected, as well as samplers from normal control individuals. The patients were stratified to early relapsers (ERs) if they developed clinical signs of UC flare within 6 months of index endoscopy or nonrelapsers (NRs) if there was no relapse after 36 months of follow-up. The pooled rectal samples from ERs, NRs, and control individuals were subjected to nano-liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry as per standard iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) workflow methodology. Selected proteomics-yielded candidates were subjected to orthogonal validation via immunoblotting, in a biomarker discovery exercise. RESULTS Sixty-one patients were included, of whom 8 had clinical relapse within 6 months from the index endoscopy, and 43 patients had no clinical symptoms of relapse within the 36-month follow-up period. Ten patients who had clinical signs of relapse between 6 and 36 months were excluded. Seventeen control individuals were also included. Soluble proteomics analyses between ERs, NRs, and control individuals revealed a series of upregulated and downregulated proteins. Following orthogonal validation, upregulated TRX (P = .001) and IGHA1 (P = .001) were observed in ERs relative to NRs. CONCLUSIONS Several novel candidate tissue biomarkers have been identified in this study, which could discriminate patients with UC at risk of early relapse from those in long-term sustained remission. Our findings may pave the way for pre-emptive UC disease monitoring and therapeutic decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Assadsangabi
- Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Gastroenterology Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Gastroenterology Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline A Evans
- Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Biological and Systems Engineering Group, ChELSI Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Bernard M Corfe
- Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Alan J Lobo
- Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Gastroenterology Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Riaz B, Sohn S. Neutrophils in Inflammatory Diseases: Unraveling the Impact of Their Derived Molecules and Heterogeneity. Cells 2023; 12:2621. [PMID: 37998356 PMCID: PMC10670008 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases involve numerous disorders and medical conditions defined by an insufficient level of self-tolerance. These diseases evolve over the course of a multi-step process through which environmental variables play a crucial role in the emergence of aberrant innate and adaptive immunological responses. According to experimental data accumulated over the past decade, neutrophils play a significant role as effector cells in innate immunity. However, neutrophils are also involved in the progression of numerous diseases through participation in the onset and maintenance of immune-mediated dysregulation by releasing neutrophil-derived molecules and forming neutrophil extracellular traps, ultimately causing destruction of tissues. Additionally, neutrophils have a wide variety of functional heterogeneity with adverse effects on inflammatory diseases. However, the complicated role of neutrophil biology and its heterogeneity in inflammatory diseases remains unclear. Moreover, neutrophils are considered an intriguing target of interventional therapies due to their multifaceted role in a number of diseases. Several approaches have been developed to therapeutically target neutrophils, involving strategies to improve neutrophil function, with various compounds and inhibitors currently undergoing clinical trials, although challenges and contradictions in the field persist. This review outlines the current literature on roles of neutrophils, neutrophil-derived molecules, and neutrophil heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases with potential future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Riaz
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seonghyang Sohn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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Fabian O, Bajer L, Drastich P, Harant K, Sticova E, Daskova N, Modos I, Tichanek F, Cahova M. A Current State of Proteomics in Adult and Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Search and Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119386. [PMID: 37298338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are systemic immune-mediated conditions with predilection for the gastrointestinal tract and include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Despite the advances in the fields of basic and applied research, the etiopathogenesis remains largely unknown. As a result, only one third of the patients achieve endoscopic remission. A substantial portion of the patients also develop severe clinical complications or neoplasia. The need for novel biomarkers that can enhance diagnostic accuracy, more precisely reflect disease activity, and predict a complicated disease course, thus, remains high. Genomic and transcriptomic studies contributed substantially to our understanding of the immunopathological pathways involved in disease initiation and progression. However, eventual genomic alterations do not necessarily translate into the final clinical picture. Proteomics may represent a missing link between the genome, transcriptome, and phenotypical presentation of the disease. Based on the analysis of a large spectrum of proteins in tissues, it seems to be a promising method for the identification of new biomarkers. This systematic search and review summarize the current state of proteomics in human IBD. It comments on the utility of proteomics in research, describes the basic proteomic techniques, and provides an up-to-date overview of available studies in both adult and pediatric IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Fabian
- Clinical and Transplant Pathology Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Bajer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Drastich
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Harant
- Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Sticova
- Clinical and Transplant Pathology Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology, Royal Vinohrady Teaching Hospital, Srobarova 1150/50, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Daskova
- Experimental Medicine Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Istvan Modos
- Department of Informatics, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Tichanek
- Department of Informatics, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Cahova
- Experimental Medicine Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic
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Magalhaes D, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Estevinho MM, Danese S, Magro F. Pursuing neutrophils: systematic scoping review on blood-based biomarkers as predictors of treatment outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023; 16:17562848231155987. [PMID: 36923488 PMCID: PMC10009059 DOI: 10.1177/17562848231155987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is challenging and the identification of reliable predictors for treatment outcomes is an unmet need. Neutrophil-related biomarkers have been mainly studied in the feces, but blood analyses have inherent advantages. Objective To review the recent learnings on the ability of blood-based neutrophil-expressed biomarkers to predict treatment outcomes in IBD. Design Systematic scoping review. Data sources and methods We performed a literature search in Pubmed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception until May 2022 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. All human studies associating blood-based neutrophil-related compounds with the prediction of disease progression, complication onset, or treatment outcomes were included. Results From 1032 retrieved entries, 34 studies were selected, 32 published in 2013 or later. In all, 17 biomarkers from granules, cytoplasm, plasmatic membrane, and plasma were explored. In total, 1850 Crohn's disease (CD) and 1122 ulcerative colitis non-duplicated patients were included. The most mentioned biomarkers were nCD64, serum calprotectin (SC), oncostatin M (OSM), neutrophil elastase-generated calprotectin fragment (CPa9-HNE), and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1). Six biomarkers showed promising results: OSM, SC, eNAMPT, nCD64, TREM1, and CPa9-HNE. Variable positive signals were found for human neutrophil peptide 1-3, LL-37, S100A12, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. No predictive ability was found for the remaining markers. Sharing a neutrophil compartment did not indicate similar behavior. Conclusion Advances in the last decade began to unveil the untapped potential of the readily accessible blood neutrophil-expressed biomarkers, especially nCD64, TREM1, and CPa9-HNE. Current evidence suggests that future research should focus on well-defined subpopulations instead of a one-size-fits-all biomarker. Registration https://osf.io/kes9a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Magalhaes
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Department of Gastroenterology and Inserm NGERE U1256, University Hospital of Nancy, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Maria Manuela Estevinho
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Gastroenterology, Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho Hospital Center, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Silvio Danese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.,IBD center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fernando Magro
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 3, Porto, 4200-450, Portugal.,Department of Gastroenterology, São João Hospital University Centre, Porto, Portugal.,Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal.,Unidade de Farmacologia Clínica, São João Hospital University Centre, Porto, Portugal.,Portuguese Inflammatory Bowel Disease group (GEDII)
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Kanmura S, Morinaga Y, Tanaka A, Komaki Y, Iwaya H, Kumagai K, Mawatari S, Sasaki F, Tanoue S, Hashimoto S, Sameshima Y, Ono Y, Ohi H, Ido A. Increased Gene Copy Number of DEFA1A3 Is Associated With the Severity of Ulcerative Colitis. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2021; 12:e00331. [PMID: 33825720 PMCID: PMC8032364 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION DEFA1A3 encodes human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) 1-3 and has multiple copy number variations (CNVs). HNPs are associated with innate immunity. Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disorder, is a life-threatening condition, and predictive markers of UC severity are needed. This study investigated the relationship between DEFA1A3 CNV and UC severity. METHODS This study enrolled 165 patients with UC. The relationship between DEFA1A3 CNV and disease severity was analyzed based on Mayo score, patient characteristics, and treatment methods. In addition, serum and stimulated neutrophil-derived HNP concentrations were also measured in patients with high and low DEFA1A3 CNV. RESULTS DEFA1A3 CNV was significantly correlated with Mayo score and white blood cell count (R = 0.46, P < 0.0001; R = 0.29, P = 0.003, respectively), and only high copy numbers of DEFA1A3 were independent factors for severe UC (P < 0.001, odds ratio: 1.88, 95% confidence interval, 1.34-2.61). The number of severe UC patients with high DEFA1A3 CNV was significantly greater than those with low CNV. We confirmed the associations between DEFA1A3 and UC severity using a validation cohort. In addition, the HNP concentration in high-copy number patients was significantly higher after neutrophil stimulation than that in low-copy number patients. DISCUSSION This study demonstrated that there is a correlation between DEFA1A3 copy number and severity in patients with UC. In addition, neutrophils from UC patients with higher DEFA1A3 CNV had high reactivity of secretion of HNPs after stimulation. DEFA1A3 CNV may be a novel severity marker and a potential therapeutic target for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Kanmura
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuko Morinaga
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihito Tanaka
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuga Komaki
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Iwaya
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kumagai
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Seiichi Mawatari
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Fumisato Sasaki
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shiroh Tanoue
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sameshima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yohei Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology, Idzuro Imamura Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hidehisa Ohi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Idzuro Imamura Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akio Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Oktayoglu P, Mete N, Caglayan M. The Role of Alpha Defensins in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1242-4217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives Defensins are a family of antimicrobial peptides. Elevated levels of human neutrophil peptides (HNP 1–3) are seen in blood samples of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and in many rheumatic diseases. It has been suggested that they may play a significant role in the progression and pathogenesis of these diseases. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the levels of HNP 1–3 in sera of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and its association with disease activity and other clinical features of AS.
Methods A total of 36 patients, who met the Modified New York Criteria for AS, and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. The Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) were used to assess disease activity. The Bath AS Radiology Index (BASRI) was used to assess radiological damage. Spinal and hip measurements were determined by the Bath AS Metrology Index (BASMI). An AS Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire was administered to assess the disease-related quality of life. Serum HNP 1–3 levels were determined using the ELISA kit.
Results Mean serum HNP 1–3 levels were significantly higher in patients with AS (287.01±201.307 vs. 152.09±43.75 pg/ml) compared with HCs (p=0.001). HNP 1–3 levels did not correlate with BASDAI (p=0.519), ASDAS-CRP (p=0.424), BASRI (p=0.280), BASMI (p=0.168), ASQoL (p=0.307), ESR (p=0.706) and CRP (p=0.157) values.
Conclusion Elevated serum levels of HNP 1–3 may play an important role in the pathogenetic mechanisms of AS. This result may give us an opportunity to develop new treatment strategies considering the role of these peptides in the pathogenetic mechanisms of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Oktayoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Division of Rheumatology, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Mete
- Department of Biochemistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Caglayan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Division of Rheumatology, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Yuan YS, Niu SP, Yu F, Zhang YJ, Han N, Lu H, Yin XF, Xu HL, Kou YH. Intraoperative single administration of neutrophil peptide 1 accelerates the early functional recovery of peripheral nerves after crush injury. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:2108-2115. [PMID: 32394969 PMCID: PMC7716025 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.282270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil peptide 1 belongs to a family of peptides involved in innate immunity. Continuous intramuscular injection of neutrophil peptide 1 can promote the regeneration of peripheral nerves, but clinical application in this manner is not convenient. To this end, the effects of a single intraoperative administration of neutrophil peptide 1 on peripheral nerve regeneration were experimentally observed. A rat model of sciatic nerve crush injury was established using the clamp method. After model establishment, a normal saline group and a neutrophil peptide 1 group were injected with a single dose of normal saline or 10 μg/mL neutrophil peptide 1, respectively. A sham group, without sciatic nerve crush was also prepared as a control. Sciatic nerve function tests, neuroelectrophysiological tests, and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the nerve conduction velocity, sciatic functional index, and tibialis anterior muscle fiber cross-sectional area were better in the neutrophil peptide 1 group than in the normal saline group at 4 weeks after surgery. At 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, there were no differences in the wet weight of the tibialis anterior muscle between the neutrophil peptide 1 and saline groups. Histological staining of the sciatic nerve showed no significant differences in the number of myelinated nerve fibers or the axon cross-sectional area between the neutrophil peptide 1 and normal saline groups. The above data confirmed that a single dose of neutrophil peptide 1 during surgery can promote the recovery of neurological function 4 weeks after sciatic nerve injury. All the experiments were approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Peking University People’s Hospital, China (approval No. 2015-50) on December 9, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Song Yuan
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Su-Ping Niu
- Office of Academic Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ya-Jun Zhang
- National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Na Han
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education; Office of Academic Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University; Diabetic Foot Treatment Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Yin
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Lin Xu
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University; Diabetic Foot Treatment Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Hui Kou
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Jayakara T, Rekha CV, Annamalai S, Baghkomeh P. Salivary peptide human neutrophil defensin1–3 and its relationship with early childhood caries. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.302893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Di Narzo AF, Brodmerkel C, Telesco SE, Argmann C, Peters LA, Li K, Kidd B, Dudley J, Cho J, Schadt EE, Kasarskis A, Dobrin R, Hao K. High-Throughput Identification of the Plasma Proteomic Signature of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2019; 13:462-471. [PMID: 30445421 PMCID: PMC6441306 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] and its two subtypes, ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn's disease [CD], have been carefully investigated at genome and transcriptome levels. Recent advances in high-throughput proteome quantification has enabled comprehensive large-scale plasma proteomics studies of IBD. METHODS The study used two cohorts: [1] The CERTIFI-cohort: 42 samples from the CERTIFI trial of anti-TNFα-refractory CD patients; [2] the PROgECT-UNITI-HCs cohort: 46 UC samples of the PROgECT study, 84 CD samples of the UNITI I and UNITI II studies, and 72 healthy controls recruited in Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA. The plasma proteome for these two cohorts was quantified using high-throughput platforms. RESULTS For the PROgECT-UNITI-HCs cohort, we measured a total of 1310 proteins. Of these, 493 proteins showed different plasma levels in IBD patients to the plasma levels in controls at 10% false discovery rate [FDR], among which 11 proteins had a fold change greater than 2. The proteins upregulated in IBD were associated with immunity functionality, whereas the proteins downregulated in IBD were associated with nutrition and metabolism. The proteomic profiles were very similar between UC and CD. In the CERTIFI cohort, 1014 proteins were measured, and it was found that the plasma protein level had little correlation with the blood or intestine transcriptomes. CONCLUSIONS We report the largest proteomics study to date on IBD and controls. A large proportion of plasma proteins are altered in IBD, which provides insights into the disease aetiology and indicates a potential for biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio F Di Narzo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren A Peters
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, USA
| | | | - Brian Kidd
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joel Dudley
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judy Cho
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Andrew Kasarskis
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Gisbert JP, Chaparro M. Clinical Usefulness of Proteomics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Review. J Crohns Colitis 2019; 13:374-384. [PMID: 30307487 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The protein domain is probably the most ubiquitously affected in disease, response and recovery, and therefore proteomics holds special promise for biomarker discovery in general, and particularly in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], i.e. ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Tremendous progress has been made over the past decade in the development and refinement of proteomics technologies. These advances provide opportunities for a long-anticipated personalized medicine approach to the treatment of IBD. The present review examines the current state of IBD proteomics research and its usefulness in clinical practice. We performed a systematic bibliographic search to identify studies investigating the use of proteomics in patients with IBD, and we then summarized the current 'state of the art' in the applications of proteomic technologies in the study of IBD. In particular, in the present review we provide: [1] a brief introduction to proteomics in health and disease; [2] a review of the different stages from biomarker discovery to clinical application; and [3] a comprehensive review of the clinical usefulness and application of proteomics in IBD, including: [a] screening to differentiate IBD from healthy controls; [b] differentiating Crohn's disease from ulcerative colitis; [c] prediction of the behaviour or the IBD course; [d] prediction of IBD response to biological treatment; and [e] monitoring response to treatment. We also review the importance of the type of sample-blood vs intestinal tissue-for the study of proteomics in IBD patients. Finally, we emphasize the current limitations of proteomic studies in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier P Gisbert
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Chaparro
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
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11
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Assadsangabi A, Evans CA, Corfe BM, Lobo A. Application of Proteomics to Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019:1426954. [PMID: 30774653 PMCID: PMC6350533 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1426954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing/remitting inflammatory illness of the gastrointestinal tract of unknown aetiology. Despite recent advances in decoding the pathophysiology of IBD, many questions regarding disease pathogenesis remain. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and knockout mouse models have significantly advanced our understanding of genetic susceptibility loci and inflammatory pathways involved in IBD pathogenesis. Despite their important contribution to a better delineation of the disease process in IBD, these genetic findings have had little clinical impact to date. This is because the presence of a given gene mutation does not automatically correspond to changes in its expression or final metabolic or structural effect(s). Furthermore, the existence of these gene susceptibility loci in the normal population suggests other driving prerequisites for the disease manifestation. Proteins can be considered the main functional units as almost all intracellular physiological functions as well as intercellular interactions are dependent on them. Proteomics provides methods for the large-scale study of the proteins encoded by the genome of an organism or a cell, to directly investigate the proteins and pathways involved. Understanding the proteome composition and alterations yields insights into IBD pathogenesis as well as identifying potential biomarkers of disease activity, mucosal healing, and cancer progression. This review describes the state of the art in the field with respect to the study of IBD and the potential for translation from biomarker discovery to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Assadsangabi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
- Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, Academic Unit of Surgical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Insigneo Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Caroline A. Evans
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Bernard M. Corfe
- Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, Academic Unit of Surgical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Insigneo Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alan Lobo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
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12
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Cerrillo E, Moret I, Iborra M, Ramos D, Busó E, Tortosa L, Sáez-González E, Nos P, Beltrán B. Alpha-defensins (α-Defs) in Crohn's disease: decrease of ileal α-Def 5 via permanent methylation and increase in plasma α-Def 1-3 concentrations offering biomarker utility. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 192:120-128. [PMID: 29193023 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An impaired expression of α-defensins (α-Defs) in the ileal mucosa and, conversely, increased levels in plasma, have been reported in Crohn's disease (CD). However, the specificity and correlation of these findings with the degree of inflammation are unclear. We aimed to characterize the concentration and utility of ileal and plasma α-Defs in CD and to analyse a potential epigenetic mechanism of α-Def expression. Peripheral blood samples and ileal biopsies were obtained from patients at disease onset (aCD), from those who achieved remission (iCD) and from two control groups (healthy controls and non-CD-aetiology ileitis patients). Plasma α-Defs 1-3 and 4 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); α-Def 5 by immunolocalization. Methylation analysis of the α-Def 5 gene was performed using the MassARRAY EpiTYPER system. Plasma α-Defs 1-3 concentrations were significantly higher in aCD with ileal involvement (L1, L3) versus iCD or the control groups. The α-Defs 1-3 concentrations were also similar to healthy controls in patients with non-CD ileitis. There was a significant positive correlation between plasma α-Defs 1-3 levels in aCD and the endoscopic index, as well as with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The immunopositivity scoring showed significantly reduced α-Def 5 expression in ileal inflamed (aCD) versus non-inflamed mucosa (iCD and healthy controls). The α-Def 5 gene showed a higher methylation status in CD patients than controls, regardless of the inflammation. Plasma α-Defs 1-3 concentrations correlate with the degree of inflammation and appear to be specific biomarkers of ileal-CD at diagnosis. Ileal α-Def 5 expression is down-regulated permanently by methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cerrillo
- Gastroenterology Department, IBD Unit La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de investigación biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Moret
- Gastroenterology Department, IBD Unit La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de investigación biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Iborra
- Gastroenterology Department, IBD Unit La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de investigación biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Ramos
- Pathology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - E Busó
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Genotyping, UCIM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - L Tortosa
- Gastroenterology Department, IBD Unit La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de investigación biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Sáez-González
- Gastroenterology Department, IBD Unit La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - P Nos
- Gastroenterology Department, IBD Unit La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de investigación biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Beltrán
- Gastroenterology Department, IBD Unit La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de investigación biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Ibusuki R, Uto H, Oda K, Ohshige A, Tabu K, Mawatari S, Kumagai K, Kanmura S, Tamai T, Moriuchi A, Tsubouchi H, Ido A. Human neutrophil peptide-1 promotes alcohol-induced hepatic fibrosis and hepatocyte apoptosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174913. [PMID: 28403148 PMCID: PMC5389644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Neutrophil infiltration of the liver is a typical feature of alcoholic liver injury. Human neutrophil peptide (HNP)-1 is an antimicrobial peptide secreted by neutrophils. The aim of this study was to determine if HNP-1 affects ethanol-induced liver injury and to examine the mechanism of liver injury induced by HNP-1. METHODS Transgenic (TG) mice expressing HNP-1 under the control of a β-actin-based promoter were established. Ethanol was orally administered to HNP-1 TG or wild-type C57BL/6N (WT) mice. SK-Hep1 hepatocellular carcinoma cells were used to investigate the effect of HNP-1 on hepatocytes in vitro. RESULTS After 24 weeks of ethanol intake, hepatic fibrosis and hepatocyte apoptosis were significantly more severe in TG mice than in WT mice. Levels of CD14, TLR4, and IL-6 in liver tissues were higher in TG mice than in WT mice. Apoptosis was accompanied by higher protein levels of caspase-3, caspase-8, and cleaved PARP in liver tissue. In addition, phosphorylated ASK1, ASK1, phosphorylated JNK, JNK1, JNK2, Bax, Bak and Bim were all more abundant in TG mice than in WT mice. In contrast, the level of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 in the liver was significantly lower in TG mice than in WT mice. Analysis of microRNAs in liver tissue showed that miR-34a-5p expression was significantly higher in TG mice than in WT mice. Furthermore, in the presence of ethanol, HNP-1 increased the apoptosis with the decreased level of Bcl2 in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro. CONCLUSIONS HNP-1 secreted by neutrophils may exacerbate alcohol-induced hepatic fibrosis and hepatocyte apoptosis with a decrease in Bcl2 expression and an increase in miR-34a-5p expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Ibusuki
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Uto
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Center for Digestive and Liver Diseases, Miyazaki Medical Center Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kohei Oda
- Department of HGF Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ohshige
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Tabu
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Seiichi Mawatari
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kumagai
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shuji Kanmura
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tamai
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiro Moriuchi
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hirohito Tsubouchi
- Department of HGF Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Kagoshima City Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akio Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of HGF Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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14
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Ono Y, Kanmura S, Morinaga Y, Oda K, Kawabata K, Arima S, Sasaki F, Nasu Y, Tanoue S, Hashimoto S, Taguchi H, Uto H, Tsubouchi H, Ido A. The utility of apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages as a possible diagnostic marker in patients with Crohn's disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2017; 17:40. [PMID: 28284201 PMCID: PMC5346245 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-017-0591-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages (AIM) was initially identified as an apoptosis inhibitor that supports the survival of macrophages against various apoptosis-inducing stimuli, and AIM produced by macrophages may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). However, there have been no reports on the kinetics of AIM in IBD and the impact of AIM on the pathogenesis of IBD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic utility of levels of AIM and their correlation with the activity of Crohn’s disease (CD) and IBD. Methods We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to examine AIM serum levels in 16 healthy subjects and 90 patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, namely 39 with CD and 51 with ulcerative colitis (UC), as well as 17 patients with Behcet’s disease (BD) as intestinal disease controls. We compared serum AIM levels among groups and examined whether there were correlations between serum AIM levels and disease activity and type. We also performed immunohistochemical staining of AIM in intestinal tissues of patients with CD. Results Serum AIM levels were significantly higher in patients with CD than in patients with UC, BD, and controls (3.27 ± 2.14, 1.88 ± 1.43, 2.34 ± 1.37, and 2.13 ± 0.64 μg/ml, respectively; P < 0.01). There was no difference in serum AIM levels before and after treatment in patients with CD. However, in these patients the diagnostic rate using AIM was better than that based on anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies. AIM was expressed in macrophages that were positive for CD14, CD16, or both in the intestinal tissues of patients with CD. Conclusions AIM is a novel biomarker of CD that can distinguish CD from UC or BD. It is suggested that AIM may contribute to intestinal inflammation by inhibiting the apoptosis of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Ono
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Shuji Kanmura
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
| | - Yuko Morinaga
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Kohei Oda
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Katsuto Kawabata
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Shiho Arima
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Fumisato Sasaki
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yuichirou Nasu
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Shiroh Tanoue
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Hiroki Taguchi
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Uto
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.,Center for Digestive and Liver Diseases, Miyazaki Medical Center Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | - Akio Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
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15
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Maeda T, Sakiyama T, Kanmura S, Hashimoto S, Ibusuki K, Tanoue S, Komaki Y, Arima S, Nasu Y, Sasaki F, Taguchi H, Numata M, Uto H, Tsubouchi H, Ido A. Low concentrations of human neutrophil peptide ameliorate experimental murine colitis. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:1777-1785. [PMID: 27840892 PMCID: PMC5117768 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) not only have antimicrobial properties, but also exert multiple immunomodulatory effects depending on the concentration used. We have previously demonstrated that the intraperitoneal administration of high-dose HNP-1 (100 µg/day) aggravates murine dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, suggesting a potential pro-inflammatory role for HNPs at high concentrations. However, the role of low physiological concentrations of HNPs in the intestinal tract remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of low concentrations of HNPs on intestinal inflammation. We first examined the effects of the mild transgenic overexpression of HNP-1 in DSS-induced colitis. HNP-1 transgenic mice have plasma HNP-1 levels similar to the physiological concentrations in human plasma. Compared to wild-type mice treated with DSS, HNP-1 transgenic mice treated with DSS had significantly lower clinical and histological scores, and lower colonic mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. We then injected low-dose HNP-1 (5 µg/day) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) intraperitoneally into C57BL/6N and BALB/c mice administered DSS. The HNP-1-treated mice exhibited significantly milder colitis with reduced expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared with the PBS-treated mice. Finally, we examined the in vitro effects of HNP-1 on the expression of cytokines associated with macrophage activation. Low physiological concentrations of HNP-1 did not significantly affect the expression levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 or IL-10 in colonic lamina propria mononuclear cells activated with heat-killed Escherichia coli, suggesting that the anti-inflammatory effects of HNP-1 on murine colitis may not be exerted by direct action on intestinal macrophages. Collectively, our data demonstrated a biphasic dose-dependent effect of HNP-1 on DSS-induced colitis: an amelioration at low concentrations and an aggravation at high concentrations. Low concentrations of HNPs may contribute to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Maeda
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Toshio Sakiyama
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shuji Kanmura
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Kazunari Ibusuki
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shiroh Tanoue
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Yuga Komaki
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shiho Arima
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nasu
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Fumisato Sasaki
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hiroki Taguchi
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Numata
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Uto
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hirohito Tsubouchi
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Akio Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
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16
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Elevated Concentration of Defensins in Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:8373819. [PMID: 27413763 PMCID: PMC4931052 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8373819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the major etiological agent of human non-A and non-B hepatitis, affecting around 180 million people worldwide. Defensins, small cysteine-rich cationic peptides, are shown to have potent antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties. Defensins can be found in both normal and microbial infected patients, at variable concentrations. Notably, viral infections are often associated with elevated concentrations of defensins. The current study aimed to estimate the concentrations of total, α-, and β-defensins in serum taken from normal and HCV-infected patients. 12 healthy (noninfected) and 34 HCV-infected patients were enrolled. Standardized immunoassay kits were used to obtain serum concentrations of defensins. The obtained results were calibrated against kit standard reagents. Total defensin concentrations in HCV-infected patients were significantly higher (2- to 105-fold) compared to healthy individuals. The concentrations of α-defensins were also significantly elevated in the HCV-infected patients (31–1398 ng/50 μL). However, concentrations of β-defensins ranged from 44.5 ng/50 μL to 1056 ng/50 μL. The results did not reveal differences in serum defensin concentration between male and female HCV-infected patients. A-defensin concentration of ≥250 ng/50 μL was found to contain more β-defensins than total defensins and α-defensins. This study concludes, for the first time, that serum defensin levels are elevated in HCV-infected patients.
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17
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Chan PPY, Wasinger VC, Leong RW. Current application of proteomics in biomarker discovery for inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2016; 7:27-37. [PMID: 26909226 PMCID: PMC4753187 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v7.i1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the field of proteomics has rapidly expanded in its application towards clinical research with objectives ranging from elucidating disease pathogenesis to discovering clinical biomarkers. As proteins govern and/or reflect underlying cellular processes, the study of proteomics provides an attractive avenue for research as it allows for the rapid identification of protein profiles in a biological sample. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses several heterogeneous and chronic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Proteomic technology provides a powerful means of addressing major challenges in IBD today, especially for identifying biomarkers to improve its diagnosis and management. This review will examine the current state of IBD proteomics research and its use in biomarker research. Furthermore, we also discuss the challenges of translating proteomic research into clinically relevant tools. The potential application of this growing field is enormous and is likely to provide significant insights towards improving our future understanding and management of IBD.
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18
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Defensins: “Simple” antimicrobial peptides or broad-spectrum molecules? Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 26:361-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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IBUSUKI KAZUNARI, SAKIYAMA TOSHIO, KANMURA SHUJI, MAEDA TAKURO, IWASHITA YUJI, NASU YUICHIRO, SASAKI FUMISATO, TAGUCHI HIROKI, HASHIMOTO SHINICHI, NUMATA MASATSUGU, UTO HIROFUMI, TSUBOUCHI HIROHITO, IDO AKIO. Human neutrophil peptides induce interleukin-8 in intestinal epithelial cells through the P2 receptor and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:1603-9. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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20
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Kim JM. Antimicrobial proteins in intestine and inflammatory bowel diseases. Intest Res 2014; 12:20-33. [PMID: 25349560 PMCID: PMC4204685 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2014.12.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surface of the intestinal tract is continuously exposed to a large number of microorganisms. To manage the substantial microbial exposure, epithelial surfaces produce a diverse arsenal of antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) that directly kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Thus, AMPs are important components of innate immunity in the gut mucosa. They are frequently expressed in response to colonic inflammation and infection. Expression of many AMPs, including human β-defensin 2-4 and cathelicidin, is induced in response to invasion of pathogens or enteric microbiota into the mucosal barrier. In contrast, some AMPs, including human α-defensin 5-6 and human β-defensin 1, are constitutively expressed without microbial contact or invasion. In addition, specific AMPs are reported to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to altered expression of AMPs or development of autoantibodies against AMPs. The advanced knowledge for AMPs expression in IBD can lead to its potential use as biomarkers for disease activity. Although the administration of exogenous AMPs as therapeutic strategies against IBD is still at an early stage of development, augmented induction of endogenous AMPs may be another interesting future research direction for the protective and therapeutic purposes. This review discusses new advances in our understanding of how intestinal AMPs protect against pathogens and contribute to pathophysiology of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Mogg Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Ibusuki R, Uto H, Arima S, Mawatari S, Setoguchi Y, Iwashita Y, Hashimoto S, Maeda T, Tanoue S, Kanmura S, Oketani M, Ido A, Tsubouchi H. Transgenic expression of human neutrophil peptide-1 enhances hepatic fibrosis in mice fed a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined diet. Liver Int 2013; 33:1549-56. [PMID: 23682724 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils infiltrate the livers of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) induce cytokine and chemokine production under inflammatory conditions, which may contribute to the progression of NASH. In this study, we focused on the effects of HNP-1 on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in a mouse model of NASH induced by a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet. MATERIALS & METHODS We generated transgenic mice expressing HNP-1 under the control of a β-actin-based promoter. HNP-1 transgenic and wild-type C57BL/6N mice were fed a CDAA diet for 16 weeks to induce hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Serological and histological features were examined, and the effects of HNP-1 on hepatic stellate cell lines were assessed. RESULTS HNP-1 transgenic and wild-type mice fed the CDAA diet showed no significant differences in serum alanine aminotransferase levels or the degree of hepatic steatosis based on Oil red O staining and hepatic triglyceride content. In contrast, Sirius Red and Azan staining showed significantly more severe hepatic fibrosis in HNP-1 transgenic mice compared with wild-type mice. In addition, significantly more α-smooth muscle actin-positive hepatic stellate cells were observed in the transgenic mice than in the wild-type mice. Finally, the proliferation of the LI90 hepatic stellate cell line increased in response to HNP-1. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that HNP-1 enhances hepatic fibrosis in fatty liver by inducing hepatic stellate cell proliferation. Thus, neutrophil-derived HNP-1 may contribute to the progression of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Ibusuki
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Zhao Y, Zhang X, Xue X, Li Z, Chen F, Li S, Kumar A, Zou G, Liang XJ. High throughput detection of human neutrophil peptides from serum, saliva, and tear by anthrax lethal factor-modified nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:8267-8272. [PMID: 23965149 DOI: 10.1021/am4021523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Human α defensins human neutrophil peptide 1-3 (HNP 1-3) are potential prognostic cancer biomarkers. Metalloprotein anthrax lethal factor (ALF) binds to HNP 1-3 in a Zn2+-dependent manner. We conjugated ALF to the surface of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) to magnetically isolate the HNPs, and used Zn2+ to control the capture and release HNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
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Ho S, Pothoulakis C, Koon HW. Antimicrobial peptides and colitis. Curr Pharm Des 2013; 19:40-7. [PMID: 22950497 DOI: 10.2174/13816128130108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important components of innate immunity. They are often expressed in response to colonic inflammation and infection. Over the last several years, the roles of several antimicrobial peptides have been explored. Gene expression of many AMPs (beta defensin HBD2-4 and cathelicidin) is induced in response to invasion of gut microbes into the mucosal barrier. Some AMPs are expressed in a constitutive manner (alpha defensin HD 5-6 and beta defensin HBD1), while others (defensin and bactericidal/ permeability increasing protein BPI) are particularly associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) due to altered defensin expression or development of autoantibodies against Bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (BPI). Various AMPs have different spectrum and strength of antimicrobial effects. Some may play important roles in modulating the colitis (cathelicidin) while others (lactoferrin, hepcidin) may represent biomarkers of disease activity. The use of AMPs for therapeutic purposes is still at an early stage of development. A few natural AMPs were shown to be able to modulate colitis when delivered intravenously or intracolonically (cathelicidin, elafin and SLPI) in mouse colitis models. New AMPs (synthetic or artificial non-human peptides) are being developed and may represent new therapeutic approaches against colitis. This review discusses the latest research developments in the AMP field with emphasis in innate immunity and pathophysiology of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Ho
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Mumcu G, Cimilli H, Karacayli Ü, Inanc N, Türe-Özdemir F, Eksioglu-Demiralp E, Ergun T, Direskeneli H. Salivary levels of HNP 1-3 are related to oral ulcer activity in Behçet's disease. Int J Dermatol 2012; 52:1198-201. [PMID: 22861387 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2012.05504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saliva contains antimicrobial peptides derived from oral epithelium as well as neutrophils in the innate immune response. The aim of this study was to examine the association between salivary human neutrophil peptide (HNP) 1-3 levels originating from neutrophils and oral ulcers in patients with Behçet's disease (BD). METHODS Ninety-five patients with BD (F/M: 39/56; mean age: 38.7 ± 11.9 years) and 53 healthy controls (HC; F/M: 23/30; mean age: 35.2 ± 10.1 years) were included in the study. The disease control group (F/M: 20/33; mean age: 33.7 ± 10.7 years) was comprised of patients with oral infection regarding endodontic infection (n = 32) and pericoronitis (n = 21). Salivary HNP 1-3 levels of groups were measured in unstimulated samples by ELISA (Hycult, the Netherlands). RESULTS A statistically significant increase was found in salivary HNP 1-3 levels of patients with BD (2268.28 ± 1216.38 μg/ml) compared with HC (1836.49 ± 857.76 μg/ml), patients with endodontic infection (849.9 ± 376.1 μg/ml), and patients with pericoronitis (824.3 ± 284.02 μg/ml; P = 0.024, 0.000 and 0.000, respectively). The ratio of active oral ulcer (100%, n = 14) was higher in low HNP 1-3 levels (≤ 1000 μg/ml) than the others (66.7%, n = 54) in active patients with BD (P = 0.008). Moreover, salivary HNP 1-3 levels were significantly lower in patients with endodontic infection and patients with pericoronitis compared with those in the HC group and patients with BD (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION A decrease in salivary HNP 1-3 levels might be a biological factor for predisposition to oral ulcers in patients with BD and oral infection in healthy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonca Mumcu
- From the Department of Health Informatics and Technologies, Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara Department of Rheumatology Institute of GastroenterologyDepartments of Haematology-Immunology Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Poulsen NA, Andersen V, Møller JC, Møller HS, Jessen F, Purup S, Larsen LB. Comparative analysis of inflamed and non-inflamed colon biopsies reveals strong proteomic inflammation profile in patients with ulcerative colitis. BMC Gastroenterol 2012; 12:76. [PMID: 22726388 PMCID: PMC3441502 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-12-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate diagnostic and monitoring tools for ulcerative colitis (UC) are missing. Our aim was to describe the proteomic profile of UC and search for markers associated with disease exacerbation. Therefore, we aimed to characterize specific proteins associated with inflamed colon mucosa from patients with acute UC using mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. METHODS Biopsies were sampled from rectum, sigmoid colon and left colonic flexure from twenty patients with active proctosigmoiditis and from four healthy controls for proteomics and histology. Proteomic profiles of whole colonic biopsies were characterized using 2D-gel electrophoresis, and peptide mass fingerprinting using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was applied for identification of differently expressed protein spots. RESULTS A total of 597 spots were annotated by image analysis and 222 of these had a statistically different protein level between inflamed and non-inflamed tissue in the patient group. Principal component analysis clearly grouped non-inflamed samples separately from the inflamed samples indicating that the proteomic signature of colon mucosa with acute UC is strong. Totally, 43 individual protein spots were identified, including proteins involved in energy metabolism (triosephosphate isomerase, glycerol-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase, alpha enolase and L-lactate dehydrogenase B-chain) and in oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, thioredoxins and selenium binding protein). CONCLUSIONS A distinct proteomic profile of inflamed tissue in UC patients was found. Specific proteins involved in energy metabolism and oxidative stress were identified as potential candidate markers for UC.
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Hashimoto S, Uto H, Kanmura S, Sakiyama T, Oku M, Iwashita Y, Ibusuki R, Sasaki F, Ibusuki K, Takami Y, Moriuchi A, Oketani M, Ido A, Tsubouchi H. Human neutrophil peptide-1 aggravates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012; 18:667-75. [PMID: 21928371 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human neutrophil peptide (HNP)-1, HNP-2, and HNP-3 (HNP-1-3) are useful biomarkers for ulcerative colitis (UC). The precise roles of these peptides in UC are poorly understood, however. The aim of this study was to determine whether HNP-1 affects disease activity in mice with experimental colitis. METHODS Experimental colitis was induced in BALB/c or severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Mice were subsequently treated intraperitoneally with HNP-1 (100 μg/day) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) from day 4 to day 6. The severity of colitis was evaluated based on a disease activity index, histologic score, and cytokine expression. RESULTS Body weight and colon length significantly decreased and the disease activity index score, histologic score, and myeloperoxidase activity significantly increased in HNP-1-treated BALB/c mice compared with PBS-treated mice. Interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in colon culture supernatants-derived HNP-1-treated mice were also significantly higher, and interleukin (IL)-1β levels tended to increase in response to HNP-1. In addition, treating SCID mice with HNP-1 aggravated DSS-induced colitis and IL-1β levels in colon culture supernatants from these mice were significantly higher than in cultures obtained from control mice. Furthermore, in both BALB/c and SCID mice increased recruitment of F4/80-positive macrophages was observed in the inflamed colonic mucosa following HNP-1 injections. CONCLUSIONS High concentrations of HNP-1 aggravate DSS-induced colitis, including upregulated expression of such macrophage-derived cytokines as IL-1β. These results indicate that high concentrations of HNP-1-3 in patients with UC may exacerbate disease activity via increased cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Digestive and Lifestyle Related Disease, Health Research Course, Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Microarray Analyses of Genes Differentially Expressed by Diet (Black Beans and Soy Flour) during Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats. J Nutr Metab 2012; 2012:351796. [PMID: 22496968 PMCID: PMC3306975 DOI: 10.1155/2012/351796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that black bean (BB) and soy flour (SF)-based diets inhibit azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancer. The objective of this study was to identify genes altered by carcinogen treatment in normal-appearing colonic mucosa and those attenuated by bean feeding. Ninety-five male F344 rats were fed control (AIN) diets upon arrival. At 4 and 5 weeks, rats were injected with AOM (15 mg/kg) or saline and one week later administered an AIN, BB-, or SF-based diet. Rats were sacrificed after 31 weeks, and microarrays were conducted on RNA isolated from the distal colonic mucosa. AOM treatment induced a number of genes involved in immunity, including several MHC II-associated antigens and innate defense genes (RatNP-3, Lyz2, Pla2g2a). BB- and SF-fed rats exhibited a higher expression of genes involved in energy metabolism and water and sodium absorption and lower expression of innate (RatNP-3, Pla2g2a, Tlr4, Dmbt1) and cell cycle-associated (Cdc2, Ccnb1, Top2a) genes. Genes involved in the extracellular matrix (Col1a1, Fn1) and innate immunity (RatNP-3, Pla2g2a) were induced by AOM in all diets, but to a lower extent in bean-fed animals. This profile suggests beans inhibit colon carcinogenesis by modulating cellular kinetics and reducing inflammation, potentially by preserving mucosal barrier function.
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Lopes LV, Kussmann M. Proteomics at the interface of psychology, gut physiology and dysfunction: an underexploited approach that deserves expansion. Expert Rev Proteomics 2012; 8:605-14. [PMID: 21999831 DOI: 10.1586/epr.11.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gut functions such as digestion and absorption are essential to life and the emerging insights into the gut-brain axis - that is, the cross talk between the enteric and CNS - point towards critical links between (eating) behavior, psychology, whole body and gut physiology, and digestive and overall health. While proteomics is ideally positioned to shed more light on these interactions, be it applied to the periphery (e.g., blood) or the locus of action (i.e., the gut), it is to date largely underexploited, mainly because of challenging sampling and tissue complexity. In view of the contrast between potential and current delivery of proteomics in the context of intestinal health, this article briefs the reader on the state-of-the-art of molecular intestinal research, reviews current proteomic studies (explicitly focusing on the most recent ones that target inflammatory bowel disease patient samples) and argues for an expansion of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa V Lopes
- Neurosciences Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1640-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Salivary levels of antimicrobial peptides Hnp 1-3, Ll-37 and S100 in Behcet's disease. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 57:642-6. [PMID: 22153317 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 09/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral ulcer is the cardinal clinical sign and increased neutrophilic activity is a part of the pathogenesis in Behcet's disease (BD). Saliva, as a part of the innate immune response, contains antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that are derived from both oral epithelial cells and neutrophils. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between salivary levels of AMPs HNP 1-3, LL-37 and S100 and disease course in patients with Behcet's disease (BD). METHODS Fifty-three patients with BD and 44 healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. Disease severity score reflecting organ involvement was calculated. Salivary HNP 1-3, LL-37 and S100 levels were measured in unstimulated saliva samples by ELISA. RESULTS Salivary HNP 1-3 and S100 levels in BD patients (2715.2 ± 1333.4 μg/ml and 430.6 ± 203.9 ng/ml) were significantly higher compared to HC (1780.6 ± 933.2 μg/ml and 365.3 ± 84.7 ng/ml) (p = 0.000 and p = 0.004, respectively). Although LL-37 levels were also higher in BD than HC (190.9 ± 189.1 vs 143.1 ± 128.9 ng/ml), no significant difference was observed (p = 0.53). Salivary HNP 1-3 and LL-37 levels were associated with the severity of BD (mild disease: 1975.1 ± 1174.2 μg/ml and 115.9 ± 109.4 ng/ml vs severe disease: 2955.7 ± 1305.6 μg/ml and 215.3 ± 203.8 ng/ml, p=0.020 and p=0.031, respectively). Salivary LL-37 levels also correlated with the number of monthly oral ulcers (r = 0.5 p = 0.000). CONCLUSION An increase in salivary HNP 1-3 and S100 levels might be associated with enhanced local and systemic innate responses in BD.
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Shiomi Y, Nishiumi S, Ooi M, Hatano N, Shinohara M, Yoshie T, Kondo Y, Furumatsu K, Shiomi H, Kutsumi H, Azuma T, Yoshida M. GCMS-based metabolomic study in mice with colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011; 17:2261-74. [PMID: 21287666 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolomics provides data about all the metabolic processes of a cell or organism. So far, the changes that occur in the levels of metabolites during the development of colitis have not been fully elucidated. Here we examined the changes of metabolite levels in the serum and colon tissue of colitis mice using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with the aim of achieving a detailed understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS To induce colitis, C57BL/6J mice were administered 3.0% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in their drinking water for 5 days and were subsequently given drinking water alone. RESULTS A total of 77 and 92 metabolites were detected in serum and colon tissue, respectively, and among the metabolites the compositions of TCA cycle intermediates and amino acids changed depending on the degree of colitis. Then, partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), a multiple classification analysis, showed distinct clustering and clear separation of the groups according to the degree of colitis. Furthermore, PLS-DA loadings plots revealed that succinic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, glutamic acid, and glutamine were the main contributors to the separation of each stage of colitis. In addition, it was revealed that supplementation with glutamine, the level of which was significantly decreased in the acute phase of colonic inflammation, attenuated colitis induced by DSS. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that metabolomics is capable of representing the various degrees of colitis, and our findings will aid in the discovery of therapeutic agents for IBD and other inflammatory disorders by metabolomic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Shiomi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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Efthymiou M, Taylor ACF, Kamm MA. Cancer surveillance strategies in ulcerative colitis: the need for modernization. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011; 17:1800-13. [PMID: 21089179 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The risk of colorectal cancer is increased in patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis. Traditional surveillance has centered around regular standard white-light colonoscopy, with multiple biopsies aimed at detecting dysplasia or the identification of early cancer. This has resulted in only a modest reduction in cancer incidence and mortality. A better understanding of disease risk factors may allow endoscopic resources to be more focused on patients at higher risk. In addition, advanced endoscopic techniques have the potential to improve dysplasia detection, minimize the need for routine biopsies, and allow for the removal of dysplastic lesions, avoiding the need for surgery. Techniques such as magnification colonoscopy, chromoendoscopy, narrow band imaging, autofluorescence, and confocal endomicroscopy may all have a role to play in improving the benefits of endoscopic surveillance. Revised endoscopic surveillance strategies are proposed, incorporating aspects of risk stratification, a well-established practice in noncolitis-related colorectal cancer screening, and some of these new technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Efthymiou
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. The initiation and development of IBD involve environmental and genetic factors, such as microorganisms. Complicated pathogenesis, diverse risk factors and atypical clinical features lead to a difficult diagnosis of IBD. The emergence of proteomics has given new impetus to IBD research. In this article, we will review the application of proteomics to the diagnosis of IBD and prediction of IBD-associated tumors.
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