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Vähätupa M, Nättinen J, Aapola U, Uusitalo-Järvinen H, Uusitalo H, Järvinen TAH. Proteomics Analysis of R-Ras Deficiency in Oxygen Induced Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097914. [PMID: 37175621 PMCID: PMC10178533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Small GTPase R-Ras regulates vascular permeability in angiogenesis. In the eye, abnormal angiogenesis and hyperpermeability are the leading causes of vision loss in several ischemic retinal diseases such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) is the most widely used experimental model for these ischemic retinopathies. To shed more light on how the R-Ras regulates vascular permeability in pathological angiogenesis, we performed a comprehensive (>2900 proteins) characterization of OIR in R-Ras knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice by sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS) proteomics. OIR and age-matched normoxic control retinas were collected at P13, P17, and P42 from R-Ras KO and WT mice and were subjected to SWATH-MS and data analysis. The most significant difference between the R-Ras KO and WT retinas was an accumulation of plasma proteins. The pathological vascular hyperpermeability during OIR in the R-Ras KO retina took place very early, P13. This led to simultaneous hypoxic cell injury/death (ferroptosis), glycolytic metabolism as well compensatory mechanisms to counter the pathological leakage from angiogenic blood vessels in the OIR retina of R-Ras deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vähätupa
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Janika Nättinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Ulla Aapola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannele Uusitalo-Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannu Uusitalo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tero A H Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33521 Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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Vähätupa M, Salonen N, Uusitalo-Järvinen H, Järvinen TAH. Selective Targeting and Tissue Penetration to the Retina by a Systemically Administered Vascular Homing Peptide in Oxygen Induced Retinopathy (OIR). Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111932. [PMID: 34834347 PMCID: PMC8618640 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological angiogenesis is the hallmark of ischemic retinal diseases among them retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) is a pure hypoxia-driven angiogenesis model and a widely used model for ischemic retinopathies. We explored whether the vascular homing peptide CAR (CARSKNKDC) which recognizes angiogenic blood vessels can be used to target the retina in OIR. We were able to demonstrate that the systemically administered CAR vascular homing peptide homed selectively to the preretinal neovessels in OIR. As a cell and tissue-penetrating peptide, CAR also penetrated into the retina. Hyperoxia used to induce OIR in the retina also causes bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the lungs. We showed that the CAR peptide is not targeted to the lungs in normal mice but is targeted to the lungs after hyperoxia-/hypoxia-treatment of the animals. The site-specific delivery of the CAR peptide to the pathologic retinal vasculature and the penetration of the retinal tissue may offer new opportunities for treating retinopathies more selectively and with less side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vähätupa
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (M.V.); (N.S.); (H.U.-J.)
| | - Niklas Salonen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (M.V.); (N.S.); (H.U.-J.)
| | - Hannele Uusitalo-Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (M.V.); (N.S.); (H.U.-J.)
- Eye Centre & Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tero A. H. Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (M.V.); (N.S.); (H.U.-J.)
- Eye Centre & Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
- Correspondence:
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Ketomäki T, Vähätupa M, May U, Pemmari T, Ruikka E, Hietamo J, Kaipiainen P, Barker H, Parkkila S, Uusitalo-Järvinen H, Järvinen TAH. R-Ras regulates vascular permeability, but not overall healing in skin wounds. Exp Dermatol 2018; 28:202-206. [PMID: 30489650 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wounds close by keratinocytes migrating from the edge of the wound and re-epithelializing the epidermis. It has been proposed that the major stimuli for wound closure are blood-derived growth factors, chemokines and cytokines. The small GTPase R-Ras, a known integrin activator, also regulates vascular permeability during angiogenesis, and blood vessels lacking R-Ras leak plasma proteins constantly. We explored whether the access to blood-derived proteins influences skin wound healing in R-Ras knockout (KO) mice. In skin wounds, R-Ras expression was mostly restricted to the vasculature in the granulation tissue. Angiogenic blood vessels in the R-Ras KO mice were significantly more permeable than in wild-type (WT) controls. Although the distances between epidermal tongues, and the panniculus carnosus muscles, were significantly longer in R-Ras KO than WT controls before the granulation tissue formation took place, there were no differences in the wound closure or re-epithelialization rates or granulation tissue formation. These findings were also corroborated in a special splint excision wound model. Our study shows that although R-Ras does not influence the skin wound healing itself, the blood vessels lacking R-Ras are leaky and thus could facilitate the access of blood-derived proteins to the wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Ketomäki
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Maria Vähätupa
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ulrike May
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Toini Pemmari
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ella Ruikka
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jussi Hietamo
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pirkka Kaipiainen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Harlan Barker
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab laboratories, Eye Centre & Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannele Uusitalo-Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab laboratories, Eye Centre & Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tero A H Järvinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab laboratories, Eye Centre & Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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