1
|
Alkaline cation-exchange chromatography for the reduction of aggregate and a mis-formed disulfide variant in a bispecific antibody purification process. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 975:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
2
|
Odeh AM, Craik JD, Ezzeddine R, Tovmasyan A, Batinic-Haberle I, Benov LT. Targeting mitochondria by Zn(II)N-alkylpyridylporphyrins: the impact of compound sub-mitochondrial partition on cell respiration and overall photodynamic efficacy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108238. [PMID: 25250732 PMCID: PMC4177117 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in aerobic ATP production and redox control. They harness crucial metabolic pathways and control cell death mechanisms, properties that make these organelles essential for survival of most eukaryotic cells. Cancer cells have altered cell death pathways and typically show a shift towards anaerobic glycolysis for energy production, factors which point to mitochondria as potential culprits in cancer development. Targeting mitochondria is an attractive approach to tumor control, but design of pharmaceutical agents based on rational approaches is still not well established. The aim of this study was to investigate which structural features of specially designed Zn(II)N-alkylpyridylporphyrins would direct them to mitochondria and to particular mitochondrial targets. Since Zn(II)N-alkylpyridylporphyrins can act as highly efficient photosensitizers, their localization can be confirmed by photodamage to particular mitochondrial components. Using cultured LS174T adenocarcinoma cells, we found that subcellular distribution of Zn-porphyrins is directed by the nature of the substituents attached to the meso pyridyl nitrogens at the porphyrin ring. Increasing the length of the aliphatic chain from one carbon (methyl) to six carbons (hexyl) increased mitochondrial uptake of the compounds. Such modifications also affected sub-mitochondrial distribution of the Zn-porphyrins. The amphiphilic hexyl derivative (ZnTnHex-2-PyP) localized in the vicinity of cytochrome c oxidase complex, causing its inactivation during illumination. Photoinactivation of critical cellular targets explains the superior efficiency of the hexyl derivative in causing mitochondrial photodamage, and suppressing cellular respiration and survival. Design of potent photosensitizers and redox-active scavengers of free radicals should take into consideration not only selective organelle uptake and localization, but also selective targeting of critical macromolecular structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad M. Odeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - James D. Craik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Rima Ezzeddine
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ludmil T. Benov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gu J, Ghayur T. Rationale and development of multispecific antibody drugs. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2014; 3:491-508. [DOI: 10.1586/ecp.10.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
4
|
|
5
|
Orcutt KD, Ackerman ME, Cieslewicz M, Quiroz E, Slusarczyk AL, Frangioni JV, Wittrup KD. A modular IgG-scFv bispecific antibody topology. Protein Eng Des Sel 2009; 23:221-8. [PMID: 20019028 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzp077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we present a bispecific antibody (bsAb) format in which a disulfide-stabilized scFv is fused to the C-terminus of the light chain of an IgG to create an IgG-scFv bifunctional antibody. When expressed in mammalian cells and purified by one-step protein A chromatography, the bsAb retains parental affinities of each binding domain, exhibits IgG-like stability and demonstrates in vivo IgG-like tumor targeting and blood clearance. The extension of the C-terminus of the light chain of an IgG with an scFv or even a smaller peptide does appear to disrupt disulfide bond formation between the light and heavy chains; however, this does not appear to affect binding, stability or in vivo properties of the IgG. Thus, we demonstrate here that the light chain of an IgG can be extended with an scFv without affecting IgG function and stability. This format serves as a standardized platform for the construction of functional bsAbs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Davis Orcutt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li N, Zhao H, Yuan R, Peng K, Chai Y. An amperometric immunosensor with a DNA polyion complex membrane/gold nanoparticles-backbone for antibody immobilisation. Electrochim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
7
|
Fischer N. New magic bullets can hit more than one target. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2008; 3:833-9. [PMID: 23484961 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.3.8.833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies have emerged as an attractive and successful class of molecules for therapeutic intervention in several areas of human disease. However, evidence is accumulating that targeting a single protein, or single epitope on a protein, is not sufficient to achieve efficacy in certain diseases. The therapeutic range of monoclonal antibodies may therefore be more limited than anticipated. How can multiple antigen targeting be achieved and in what setting can it be beneficial? Intense efforts in antibody engineering have explored different ways to reach this goal and have yielded innovative classes of molecules presenting intrinsic advantages as well as challenges at different development stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Fischer
- Novimmune SA, 14 ch. des Aulx, Ch-1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland +41 22 5935144 ; +41 22 5935139 ;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fischer N, Léger O. Bispecific Antibodies: Molecules That Enable Novel Therapeutic Strategies. Pathobiology 2007; 74:3-14. [PMID: 17496428 DOI: 10.1159/000101046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2006] [Accepted: 01/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies are unique in the sense that they can bind simultaneously two different antigens. This property enables the development of therapeutic strategies that are not possible with conventional monoclonal antibodies. The large panel of imaginative bispecific antibody formats that has been developed reflects the strong interest for these molecules. Although in many cases the manufacturing of clinical grade material remains challenging, several bispecific antibody formats are currently in clinical trials.
Collapse
|
9
|
Stone E, Hirama T, Tanha J, Tong-Sevinc H, Li S, MacKenzie CR, Zhang J. The assembly of single domain antibodies into bispecific decavalent molecules. J Immunol Methods 2007; 318:88-94. [PMID: 17141798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2006.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2006] [Revised: 08/01/2006] [Accepted: 10/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies present unique opportunities in terms of new applications for engineered antibodies. However, designing ideal bispecific antibodies remains a challenge. Here we describe a novel bispecific antibody model in which five single domain antibodies (sdAbs) are fused via a linker sequence to the N-terminus of the verotoxin B (VTB) subunit, a pentamerization domain, and five sdAbs are fused via a linker sequence to the VTB C-terminus. Fifteen such decavalent bispecific molecules, termed decabodies, were constructed and characterized for the purpose of identifying an optimal decabody design. One of the fifteen molecules existed in a non-aggregated decavalent form. In conjunction with the isolation of sdAbs with the desired specificities from non-immune phage display libraries, the decabody strategy provides a means of generating high avidity bispecific antibody reagents, with good physical properties, relatively quickly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Stone
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shen J, Vil MD, Jimenez X, Iacolina M, Zhang H, Zhu Z. Single variable domain-IgG fusion. A novel recombinant approach to Fc domain-containing bispecific antibodies. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:10706-14. [PMID: 16481314 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m513415200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Both laboratory and early clinical studies to date have demonstrated that bispecific antibodies (BsAb) may have potentially significant application in cancer therapy. The clinical development of BsAb as therapeutics has been hampered, however, by the difficulty in preparing the materials in sufficient quantity and quality by traditional methods. In recent years, a variety of recombinant methods has been developed for efficient production of BsAb, both as antibody fragments and as full-length IgG-like molecules. Here we describe a novel recombinant approach for the production of an Fc domain-containing, IgG-like tetravalent BsAb, with two antigen-binding sites to each of its target antigens, by genetically fusing a single variable domain antibody to the N terminus of the light chain of a functional IgG antibody of different specificity. A model BsAb was constructed using a single variable domain antibody to mouse platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha and a conventional IgG antibody to mouse vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. The BsAb was expressed in mammalian cells and purified to homogeneity by one-step protein A affinity chromatography. Furthermore, the BsAb retains the antigen binding specificity and the receptor neutralizing activity of both of its parent antibodies. This design and expression of Fc domain-containing, IgG-like BsAb should be applicable to the construction of similar BsAb from antibodies recognizing any pair of antigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juqun Shen
- Department of Antibody Technology, ImClone Systems Inc., New York, New York 10014, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen J, Jaracz S, Zhao X, Chen S, Ojima I. Antibody–cytotoxic agent conjugates for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2005; 2:873-90. [PMID: 16296784 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2.5.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-based delivery of cytotoxic agents, including toxins, to tumours can dramatically reduce systemic toxicity and increase therapeutic efficacy. The advantage of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) is superior selectivity towards antigens expressed on the surface of cancer cells. Recent advances in biotechnology accelerated progress in the pharmaceutical applications of mAbs. A cytotoxic warhead is attached to a mAb in an immunoconjugate via a linker, which is stable in circulation but efficiently cleaved in the tumour tissue. The warhead, mAb and linker play important roles in the successful design of potent and efficient immunoconjugates. To date, one mAb-cytotoxic agent conjugate has been approved by the FDA and several other candidates are in various stages of clinical trials. This review describes the recent progress in the design and development of mAb-based immunoconjugates of cytotoxic agents, and summarises the criteria for the critical choices of a suitable mAb, linker and cytotoxic agent to design an efficacious immunoconjugate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, State University of New York, Stony Brook, 11794-3400, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Antibodies represent a unique class of therapeutics because of their high specificity toward a defined target antigen. Recent clinical success with antibody-based cancer therapeutics has led to an upsurge in the development of these agents. Antibodies directed against FLT3 represent a promising approach for the treatment of human leukemia. We discuss some basic aspects of antibody-based cancer therapeutics, including their mechanisms of action, with a focus on recent progress in the generation and development of anti-FLT3 antibodies as well as their therapeutic potentials in the treatment of human hematologic malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Li
- ImClone Systems Incorporated, New York, NY 10014, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim JC, Roh SA, Koo KH, Cho YK, Kim HC, Yu CS, Oh SJ, Ryu JS, Bicknell DC, Bodmer WF. Preclinical application of radioimmunoguided surgery using anti-carcinoembryonic antigen biparatopic antibody in the colon cancer. Eur Surg Res 2005; 37:36-44. [PMID: 15818040 DOI: 10.1159/000083146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2004] [Accepted: 11/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Radioimmunoguided surgery (RIGS) has been known as a sophisticated tool to detect micrometastasis intraoperatively. A preclinical model of RIGS was designed to test the possible clinical applicability of the biparatopic antibody in detecting colorectal cancer. The biparatopic antibody was constructed using two anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific antibodies, T84.66 and PR1A3, reacting against two different epitopes. (125)I-labeled biparatopic antibody was introduced via the principal colonic arteries at the end of operation in 10 operable patients with colon cancer. After 24 h, the radioactivities of the tumors and lymph nodes were counted using the gamma-detecting probe. The radioactivity count was performed ex vivo. The accurate detection in the primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes were 100 and 88.7% respectively. False-positive detections occurred in 24 of 256 lymph nodes (9.4%), whereas false-negative detections occurred in 5 of them (2%). The most frequent cause of false-positive detection was dissociated radionuclides trapped in the lymphatic tissues. False-negative detections occurred mainly from weak targeting by radiolabeled antibody, probably due to weak expression of tumor CEA. Conclusively, as most detection errors appear to be reduced within 3 days in vivo, the biparatopic antibody can efficiently be applied to the clinical RIGS, thereby facilitating accurate detection and removal of occult cancer foci in colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J C Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
One of the major obstacles in the development of bispecific antibodies (BsAb) has been the difficulty of producing the materials in sufficient quality and quantity by traditional technologies, such as the hybrid hybridoma and chemical conjugation methods. In contrast to the rapid and significant progress in the development of recombinant BsAb fragments (such as diabody and tandem single chain Fv), the successful design and production of full length IgG-like BsAb has been limited. Compared to smaller fragments, IgG-like BsAb have long serum half-life and are capable of supporting secondary immune functions, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-mediated cytotoxicity. The development of IgG-like BsAb as therapeutic agents will depend heavily on our research progress in the design of recombinant BsAb constructs (or formats) and production efficiency. This review will focus on recent advances in various recombinant approaches to the engineering and production of IgG-like BsAb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Marvin
- Department of Antibody Technology, ImClone Systems Incorporated, New York, NY 10014, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kufer
- Micromet AG, Staffelseestrasse 2, 81477 Munich, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Stavri M, Ford CHJ, Bucar F, Streit B, Hall ML, Williamson RT, Mathew KT, Gibbons S. Bioactive constituents of Artemisia monosperma. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2005; 66:233-239. [PMID: 15652580 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
During a study on the chemistry and biological activity of Kuwaiti plants, new metabolites including 4,6-dihydroxy-3-[3'-methyl-2'-butenyl]-5-[4''-hydroxy-3''-methyl-2''-butenyl]-cinnamic acid (1), the 3R,8R stereoisomer of the C17 polyacetylene dehydrofalcarindiol (2) and a C10 polyacetylene glucoside (3) were characterised by spectroscopic means. Additionally, the previously characterised natural products 1,3R,8R-trihydroxydec-9-en-4,6-yne (4), spathulenol (5) and eriodyctiol-7-methyl ether (6) were also isolated. Compounds 2, 3, and 4 were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the enzyme 12-lipoxygenase and 3 and 4 showed moderate activity at 30 microg/ml. Compound 2 was evaluated against a panel of colorectal and breast cancer cell lines and IC50 values ranged from 5.8 to 37.6 microg/ml. Against a panel of fast-growing mycobacteria and a standard ATCC strain of Staphylococcus aureus, compound 6 exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations in the range of 64-128 microg/ml.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stavri
- Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
El-Abdallah AA, Ford CHJ. Instability of chimaeric antibody secretion by anti-carcinoembryonic antigen producing hybridoma cells after gene targeting. Med Princ Pract 2005; 14 Suppl 1:84-91. [PMID: 16103718 DOI: 10.1159/000086189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To produce a chimaeric version of the 11-285-14 anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody using a gene targeting approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS A replacement vector was constructed to insert the human constant gamma1 gene within the mouse heavy chain locus of 11-285-14 hybridoma cells. The mouse constant gamma1 gene (1.5 kb) and the mouse mu intron fragment (2.2 kb) were amplified by PCR and cloned into a pKO Scrambler vector. The human constant gamma1 gene fragment (2.2 kb) was cloned next to the intron fragment. Resistant colonies were screened by ELISA for the presence of the human isotype in their supernatants. RESULTS Of the 4,370 resistant colonies obtained, 87 colonies showed secretion of the human isotype at levels between 4 and 32 ng/ml. PCR and Southern blot results confirmed the correct integration of the human gene by homologous recombination within the heavy chain locus. Most of the producers ceased to express the human isotype within a few weeks after the initial positive ELISA results. Instability of secretion could not be explained by genetic instability in all the clones, which suggests the presence of other undefined epigenetic or physiologic mechanisms. CONCLUSION Gene targeting resulted in transformants with unstable and low production rates of chimaeric anti-CEA antibody.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abir A El-Abdallah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dai Z, Chen J, Yan F, Ju H. Electrochemical sensor for immunoassay of carcinoembryonic antigen based on thionine monolayer modified gold electrode. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 29:233-40. [PMID: 15936592 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdp.2004.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2004] [Accepted: 12/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A sensor based on thionine monolayer modified gold electrode for determination of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in human serum is proposed. The sensor is prepared by covalently binding thionine to a cysteamine self-assembled monolayer with p-phthaloyl chloride as a linkage, which gives a surface coverage of 8.97+/-3.28 x 10(-12)mol/cm(2) for thionine. The electrochemistry of the immobilized thionine displays a surface-controlled electrode process with an average electron transfer rate constant of 1.47+/-0.84 s(-1). Based on an electrochemical enzyme-linked immunoassay by using the immobilized thionine as an electron transfer mediator between the electrode and the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labeled anti-CEA antibody, a calibration curve with two linear ranges from 0.6 to 17 and 17 to 200 ng/mL and a detection limit of 0.2 ng/mL for CEA determination is obtained in pH 4.2 PBS containing 2.0 mmol/L H(2)O(2) and 0.5 mol/L NaCl. The sensor shows a good accuracy. The precision and reproducibility are acceptable with the intra-assay CV of 4.9% and 5.9% at 10 and 100 ng/mL CEA concentrations, respectively, and the inter-assays CV of 7.8% at 100 ng/mL CEA. The response of thionine modified electrode shows only 1.6% decrease after 100 replicate measurements and the storage stability is acceptable in a pH 7.0 PBS at 4 degrees C for 1 week. The method avoids the addition of electron transfer mediator to the solution, thus is much simpler. The proposed method would be valuable for the diagnosis and monitoring of carcinoma and its metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zong Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Bispecific monoclonal antibodies have drawn considerable attention from the research community due to their unique structure against two different antigens. The two-arm structure of bsMAb allows researchers to place a therapeutic agent on one arm while allowing the other to specifically target the disease site. The therapeutic agent can be a drug, toxin, enzyme, DNA, radionuclide, etc. Furthermore, bsMAb may redirect the cytotoxicity of immune effector cells towards the diseased cells or induce a systemic immune response against the target. BsMAb holds great promise for numerous therapeutic needs in the light of: (1) recent breakthroughs in recombinant DNA technology, (2) the increased number of identified disease targets as the result of the completion of human genomic map project, and (3) a better understanding of the mechanism of human immune system. This review focuses on therapeutic applications and production of bsMAb while providing the up-to-date clinical trial information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cao
- Abbott Laboratories, Dept. 04A6, Bldg. AP8B, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kim SH, Chun JH, Park SY. Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and expression in E. coli. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2001; 20:265-72. [PMID: 11604113 DOI: 10.1089/027245701753179857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Eight monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were characterized. Five clones are IgG(1), two clones are IgM and one clone is IgG(2b); all have kappa light chain. The affinities are in the range of 1.1 x 10(-7) approximately 2.4 x 10(-9) M; the affinities of two IgM clones could not be estimated because of their low enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) signal. Each clone was constructed as single-chain Fv (scFv) and expression was performed in E. coli. Four clones out of 8 could express scFv soluble to culture media and the expression was confirmed further by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblotting. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of V(H) and V(L) of four scFvs were deduced and their family and subgroup were analyzed. We found that the clones that do not express the scFv have aberrant kappa chain (incorrect V/J recombination or stop codon); in contrast, their heavy chain sequences proved correct. The E. coli-expressed scFvs showed 1.5 x 3.4-fold lower affinities (2.8 x 10(-8) approximately 3.6 x 10(-9) M) than those of hybridoma-derived parental antibodies except the one clone (C5), which exhibited approximately 10(-6) M of affinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Antibody Engineering Lab., Central Research Center of the Korea Green Cross Corp., Kyunggi-Do, 449-903, Korea.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|