1
|
Skinner KT, Palkar AM, Hong AL. Genetics of ABCB1 in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4236. [PMID: 37686513 PMCID: PMC10487083 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
ABCB1, also known as MDR1, is a gene that encodes P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a membrane-associated ATP-dependent transporter. P-gp is widely expressed in many healthy tissues-in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, and at the blood-brain barrier. P-gp works to pump xenobiotics such as toxins and drugs out of cells. P-gp is also commonly upregulated across multiple cancer types such as ovarian, breast, and lung. Overexpression of ABCB1 has been linked to the development of chemotherapy resistance across these cancers. In vitro work across a wide range of drug-sensitive and -resistant cancer cell lines has shown that upon treatment with chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin, cisplatin, and paclitaxel, ABCB1 is upregulated. This upregulation is caused in part by a variety of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. This includes single-nucleotide variants that lead to enhanced P-gp ATPase activity without increasing ABCB1 RNA and protein levels. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms leading to ABCB1 upregulation and P-gp-enhanced ATPase activity in the setting of chemotherapy resistance across a variety of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie T. Skinner
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.T.S.); (A.M.P.)
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Antara M. Palkar
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.T.S.); (A.M.P.)
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Andrew L. Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.T.S.); (A.M.P.)
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zappe K, Cichna-Markl M. Aberrant DNA Methylation of ABC Transporters in Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102281. [PMID: 33066132 PMCID: PMC7601986 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters play a crucial role in multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancers. They function as efflux pumps, resulting in limited effectiveness or even failure of therapy. Increasing evidence suggests that ABC transporters are also involved in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Tumors frequently show multiple genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, including changes in histone modification and DNA methylation. Alterations in the DNA methylation status of ABC transporters have been reported for a variety of cancer types. In this review, we outline the current knowledge of DNA methylation of ABC transporters in cancer. We give a brief introduction to structure, function, and gene regulation of ABC transporters that have already been investigated for their DNA methylation status in cancer. After giving an overview of the applied methodologies and the CpGs analyzed, we summarize and discuss the findings on aberrant DNA methylation of ABC transporters by cancer types. We conclude our review with the discussion of the potential to target aberrant DNA methylation of ABC transporters for cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
3
|
Lim JS, Jung GY, Park SY. Nkx-2.5 Regulates MDR1 Expression via Its Upstream Promoter in Breast Cancer Cells. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e100. [PMID: 30940996 PMCID: PMC6439202 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased expression of MDR1 gene is one of the major mechanisms responsible for multidrug resistance in cancer cells. Two alternative promoters, upstream and downstream, are responsible for transcription of MDR1 gene in the human. However, the molecular mechanism regarding the transactivation of MDR1 upstream promoter (USP) has not been determined. METHODS Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were used to assess the effect of Nkx-2.5 on MDR1 USP activity using reporter plasmids for human MDR1 USP and its mutants. MDR1 mRNA level was examined by quantitative real-time PCR. The direct binding of Nkx-2.5 to the USP of MDR1 was evaluated by promoter enzyme immunoassays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS Nkx-2.5 significantly stimulates the transactivation of MDR1 USP and increases MDR1 mRNA expression in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Reporter gene assays with deleted MDR1 USPs showed that the Nkx-2.5-binding site is located between positions -71 and +12. Mutation of the Nkx-2.5-binding site at nucleotide +4 to +10 markedly reduced the Nkx-2.5-mediated activation of MDR1 USP activity. A promoter binding immunoassay and a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that Nkx-2.5 binds directly to the region +4/+10 of human MDR1 USP. CONCLUSION The results in the present study show Nkx-2.5 is a positive regulator for the transactivation of MDR1 USP in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Our findings will help elucidate the regulatory mechanism responsible for the multidrug resistant cancer phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Suk Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Gyu Yeon Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Seung-Yoon Park
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Thorne JL, Battaglia S, Baxter DE, Hayes JL, Hutchinson SA, Jana S, Millican-Slater RA, Smith L, Teske MC, Wastall LM, Hughes TA. MiR-19b non-canonical binding is directed by HuR and confers chemosensitivity through regulation of P-glycoprotein in breast cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2018; 1861:996-1006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
5
|
A comparison of treatment modalities for nasal extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma in early stages: The efficacy of CHOP regimen based concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20362-20370. [PMID: 27901491 PMCID: PMC5386768 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of several treatment modalities, including CHOP based concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), for the patients with stage IE or IIE nasal extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (nasal ENKL). The cases were retrieved between 2000 and 2010 (n=94), and were followed to the end of February 2016. The patients were grouped into A (chemotherapy alone; CT alone), B (sequential treatment) and C (CCRT). For those with efficacy evaluation for overall treatment (n=90), CR was attained in 60.0% (18/30), 69.8% (30/43) and 76.5% (13/17) patients in the group A, B and C, respectively. The 5-year OS rate was 35.2%, 41.9% and 70.6% in the group A, B and C, respectively. For patients with early stage diseases (IE and IIE), the ECOG performance status and the Ann Arbor stage were significant prognostic factors for both OS and PFS. Among the stage IE patients, besides the ECOG performance status, three prognostic factors which related to treatments (treatment modalities, efficacy of initial and overall treatment) were significant against OS or PFS. In conclusion, compared to chemotherapy alone and sequential treatment, nasal ENKL patients in early stages, especially stage IE, benefit the most from CHOP based concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
Collapse
|
6
|
Genetic and epigenetic changes in host ABCB1 influences malaria susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175702. [PMID: 28422980 PMCID: PMC5397027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple mechanisms such as genetic and epigenetic variations within a key gene may play a role in malarial susceptibility and response to anti-malarial drugs in the population. ABCB1 is one of the well-studied membrane transporter genes that code for the P-glycoprotein (an efflux protein) and whose effect on malaria disease predisposition and susceptibility to drugs remains to be understood. We studied the association of single nucleotide variations in human ABCB1 that influences its function in subjects with uncomplicated and complicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum (Pf). Global DNA methylation and ABCB1 DNA promoter methylation levels were performed along with transcriptional response and protein expression in subjects with malaria and healthy controls. The rs2032582 locus was significantly associated with complicated and combined malaria groups when compared to controls (p < 0.05). Significant DNA methylation difference was noticed between case and control (p < 0.05). In addition, global DNA methylation levels of the host DNA were inversely proportional to parasitemia in individuals with Pf infection. Our study also revealed the correlation between ABCB1 DNA promoter methylation with rs1128503 and rs2032582 polymorphisms in malaria and was related to increased expression of ABCB1 protein levels in complicated malaria group (p < 0.05) when compared to uncomplicated malaria and control groups. The study provides evidence for multiple mechanisms that may regulate the role of host ABCB1 function to mediate aetiology of malaria susceptibility, prognosis and drug response. These may have clinical implications and therapeutic application for various malarial conditions.
Collapse
|
7
|
Hirota T, Tanaka T, Takesue H, Ieiri I. Epigenetic regulation of drug transporter expression in human tissues. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 13:19-30. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2017.1230199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
8
|
Tomiyasu H, Tsujimoto H. Comparative Aspects of Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance through ABC Transporters and Other Related Molecules in Canine Lymphoma. Vet Sci 2015; 2:185-205. [PMID: 29061940 PMCID: PMC5644633 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci2030185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The most important causes of treatment failure in canine lymphoma include intrinsic or acquired drug resistance. Thus, elucidation of molecular mechanisms of drug resistance is essential for the establishment of better treatment alternatives for lymphoma patients. The overexpression of drug transporters is one of the most intensively studied mechanisms of drug resistance in many tumors. In canine lymphoma, it has also been shown that the overexpression of drug efflux pumps such as P-glycoprotein is associated with drug-resistant phenotypes. Canine lymphoma has many pathological similarities to human non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and they also share similar molecular mechanisms of drug resistance. We have previously demonstrated the association of the overexpression of drug transporters with drug resistance and indicated some molecular mechanisms of the regulation of these transporters’ expressions in canine and human lymphoid tumor cells. However, it has also been indicated that other known or novel drug resistance factors should be explored to overcome drug resistance in lymphoma. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance and possible strategies to develop better treatment modalities for canine lymphoma from the comparative aspects with human lymphoid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Tomiyasu
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1352 Boyd Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Hajime Tsujimoto
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schulze S, Reinhardt S, Freese C, Schmitt U, Endres K. Identification of trichlormethiazide as a Mdr1a/b gene expression enhancer via a dual secretion-based promoter assay. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2015; 3:e00109. [PMID: 25692026 PMCID: PMC4317239 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transporters of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family such as MDR1 play a pivotal role in persistence of brain homeostasis by contributing to the strict permeability properties of the blood–brain barrier. This barrier on one hand compromises treatment of central nervous system diseases by restricting access of drugs; on the other hand, an impaired or altered function of barrier building cells has been described in neurological disorders. The latter might contribute to increased vulnerability of the brain under pathological conditions or even enforce pathogenesis. Here, we present a novel approach for a systematic examination of drug impact on Mdr1 gene expression by establishing a dual reporter gene assay for the murine upstream core promoters of Mdr1a and b. We validated the time-resolved assay in comparison with single reporter gene constructs and applied it to analyze effects of a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug library consisting of 627 substances. The chemo-preventive synthetic dithiolethione oltipraz was reidentified with our assay as an already known inducer of Mdr1 gene expression. Together with two newly characterized modifiers – gemcitabine and trichlormethiazide – we prove our findings in a blood–brain barrier culture model as well as in wild-type and Mdr1 knockout mice. In sum, we could demonstrate that our dual reporter gene assay delivers results, which also persist in the living animal and consequently is applicable for further analysis and prediction of Mdr1 regulation in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarina Schulze
- Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven Reinhardt
- Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Freese
- REPAIR-lab, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schmitt
- Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Corrêa S, Binato R, Du Rocher B, Ferreira G, Cappelletti P, Soares-Lima S, Pinto LF, Mencalha A, Abdelhay E. ABCB1 regulation through LRPPRC is influenced by the methylation status of the GC -100 box in its promoter. Epigenetics 2014; 9:1172-83. [PMID: 25089713 DOI: 10.4161/epi.29675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the potential mechanisms of imatinib mesylate (IM) resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is increased level of P-glycoprotein (Pgp). Pgp is an efflux pump capable of activating the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. The gene encoding Pgp (ABCB1) has several binding sites in its promoter region, along with CpG islands and GC boxes, involved in its epigenetic control. In previous work, we performed a proteomic study to identify proteins involved in IM cross-resistance in acute leukemia. Among these proteins, we identified LRPPRC as a potential regulator of ABCB1 transcription via an invMED1 binding site in ABCB1. Interestingly, this invMED1 binding site overlaps with the GC -100 box. In this work, we investigated the potential role of LRPPRC in the regulation of ABCB1 transcriptional activity in CML resistance. In addition, we evaluated the potential connection between this regulation and the methylation status of the ABCB1 promoter in its GC -100 box. Our results show that LRPPRC binds prominently to the ABCB1 promoter in Lucena cells, an IM-resistant cell line. Luciferase assays showed that ABCB1 transcription is positively regulated by LRPPRC upon its knockdown. Pyrosequencing analysis showed that the ABCB1 promoter is differentially methylated at its GC -100 box in K562 cells compared with Lucena cells, and in CML patients with different response to IM. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and Pgp expression after DNA demethylation treatment showed that LRPPRC binding is affected by the methylation status of ABCB1 GC -100 box. Taken together, our findings indicate that LRPPRC is a transcription factor related to ABCB1 expression and highlight the importance of epigenetic regulation in CML resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephany Corrêa
- Laboratório Célula-Tronco - CEMO; INCA; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Binato
- Laboratório Célula-Tronco - CEMO; INCA; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Gerson Ferreira
- Laboratório Célula-Tronco - CEMO; INCA; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - André Mencalha
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; UERJ; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliana Abdelhay
- Laboratório Célula-Tronco - CEMO; INCA; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nishida Y, Mizutani N, Inoue M, Omori Y, Tamiya-Koizumi K, Takagi A, Kojima T, Suzuki M, Nozawa Y, Minami Y, Ohnishi K, Naoe T, Murate T. Phosphorylated Sp1 is the regulator of DNA-PKcs and DNA ligase IV transcription of daunorubicin-resistant leukemia cell lines. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2014; 1839:265-74. [PMID: 24530422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious problem faced in the treatment of malignant tumors. In this study, we characterized the expression of non-homologous DNA end joining (NHEJ) components, a major DNA double strand break (DSB) repair mechanism in mammals, in K562 cell and its daunorubicin (DNR)-resistant subclone (K562/DNR). K562/DNR overexpressed major enzymes of NHEJ, DNA-PKcs and DNA ligase IV, and K562/DNR repaired DSB more rapidly than K562 after DNA damage by neocarzinostatin (MDR1-independent radiation-mimetic). Overexpressed DNA-PKcs and DNA ligase IV were also observed in DNR-resistant HL60 (HL60/DNR) cells as compared with parental HL60 cells. Expression level of DNA-PKcs mRNA paralleled its protein level, and the promoter activity of DNA-PKcs of K562/DNR was higher than that of K562, and the 5'-region between -49bp and the first exon was important for its activity. Because this region is GC-rich, we tried to suppress Sp1 family transcription factor using mithramycin A (MMA), a specific Sp1 family inhibitor, and siRNAs for Sp1 and Sp3. Both MMA and siRNAs suppressed DNA-PKcs expression. Higher serine-phosphorylated Sp1 but not total Sp1 of both K562/DNR and HL60/DNR was observed compared with their parental K562 and HL60 cells. DNA ligase IV expression of K562/DNR was also suppressed significantly with Sp1 family protein inhibition. EMSA and ChIP assay confirmed higher binding of Sp1 and Sp3 with DNA-PKcs 5'-promoter region of DNA-PKcs of K562/DNR than that of K562. Thus, the Sp1 family transcription factor affects important NHEJ component expressions in anti-cancer drug-resistant malignant cells, leading to the more aggressive MDR phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Nishida
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Mizutani
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Minami Inoue
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukari Omori
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Tamiya-Koizumi
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Takagi
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuhito Kojima
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Motoshi Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Yosuke Minami
- Division of Blood Transfusion/Division of Oncology and Hematology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ohnishi
- Oncology Center, Hamamatsu University Graduate School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomoki Naoe
- National Hospital Organization, Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Murate
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sike Á, Nagy E, Vedelek B, Pusztai D, Szerémy P, Venetianer A, Boros IM. mRNA levels of related Abcb genes change opposite to each other upon histone deacetylase inhibition in drug-resistant rat hepatoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e84915. [PMID: 24409311 PMCID: PMC3883685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The multidrug-resistant phenotype of tumor cells is acquired via an increased capability of drug efflux by ABC transporters and causes serious problems in cancer treatment. With the aim to uncover whether changes induced by epigenetic mechanisms in the expression level of drug transporter genes correlates with changes in the drug resistance phenotypes of resistant cells, we studied the expression of drug transporters in rat hepatoma cell lines. We found that of the three major rat ABC transporter genes Abcb1a, Abcb1b and Abcc1 the activity of only Abcb1b increased significantly in colchicine-selected, drug-resistant cells. Increased transporter expression in drug-resistant cells results primarily from transcriptional activation. A change in histone modification at the regulatory regions of the chromosomally adjacent Abcb1a and Abcb1b genes differentially affects the levels of corresponding mRNAs. Transcriptional up- and down-regulation accompany an increase in acetylation levels of histone H3 lysine 9 at the promoter regions of Abcb1b and Abcb1a, respectively. Drug efflux activity, however, does not follow tightly the transcriptional activity of drug transporter genes in hepatoma cells. Our results point out the need for careful analysis of cause-and-effect relationships between changes in histone modification, drug transporter expression and drug resistance phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Sike
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Enikő Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs Vedelek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dávid Pusztai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Anikó Venetianer
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre M. Boros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Toth M, Boros IM, Balint E. Elevated level of lysine 9-acetylated histone H3 at the MDR1 promoter in multidrug-resistant cells. Cancer Sci 2012; 103:659-69. [PMID: 22320423 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2012.02215.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Failure of chemotherapy in breast cancer presents a major problem and is often due to elevated expression of ATP binding cassette (ABC)-type transporters, such as MDR1 protein. It has been shown that MDR1/ABCB1 gene expression is regulated at the chromatin level by DNA methylation and histone acetylation. However, the modified histone residues have not been identified and the role of various histone acetyl transferases (HATs) is not fully understood. By studying a breast carcinoma model cell line and its MDR1-overexpressing derivative, we show that the histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9) acetylation level is elevated 100-fold in the promoter and first exon of the MDR1 gene in the drug-resistant cell line compared to the drug-sensitive cell line. The acetylation level of the other examined lysine residues (H3K4, H3K14, H4K8, and H4K12) is weakly or not at all elevated in the MDR1 locus, although their acetylation is generally increased genome-wide in the drug-resistant cell. Downregulation of the expression of HATs PCAF and GCN5 by RNAi effectively reduces the expression of MDR1. Unexpectedly, treatment with a p300-selective inhibitor (HAT inhibitor II) further increases MDR1 expression and drug efflux in the drug-resistant cells. Our data suggest that repeated exposure to chemotherapy may result in deregulated histone acetylation genome-wide and in the MDR1 promoter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Toth
- Institute for Plant Genomics, Human Biotechnology and Bioenergy (BAYGEN), Bay Zoltan Foundation for Applied Research, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Reed K, Parissenti AM. The effect of ABCB1 genetic variants on chemotherapy response in HIV and cancer treatment. Pharmacogenomics 2012; 12:1465-83. [PMID: 22008050 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.11.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their clearly distinct pathophysiologies, HIV and cancer are diseases whose response to chemotherapy treatment varies substantially amongst patients, in particular for those with prior drug exposure. This has been attributed, in part, to elevated expression of the ABCB1 drug transporter in some patients, which results in reduced drug accumulation in target tissues. Many mechanisms have been identified for this elevated expression of ABCB1, including variations in the sequence of the gene coding for the transporter (ABCB1). Over 50 SNPs within ABCB1 have been identified. Associations have been made between the presence of specific ABCB1 SNPs/haplotypes and both ABCB1 expression and the efficacy or toxicity of certain chemotherapy regimens. If these associations are strong and reproducibly demonstrated, then this would greatly aid in the development of individualized therapy regimes for specific cancer or HIV patients, based on their ABCB1 genotypes. This article highlights the significant recent progress made in this direction, but cautions that the utility of ABCB1 gene variants as biomarkers of chemotherapy drug response remains unclear to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Reed
- Regional Cancer Program, Sudbury Regional Hospital, 41 Ramsey Lake Rd, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Unworth H, Raguz S, Edwards HJ, Higgins CF, Yagüe E. mRNA escape from stress granule sequestration is dictated by localization to the endoplasmic reticulum. FASEB J 2010; 24:3370-80. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-151142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Unworth
- Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences CentreImperial College LondonHammersmith Hospital Campus London UK
| | - S. Raguz
- Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences CentreImperial College LondonHammersmith Hospital Campus London UK
| | - H. J. Edwards
- Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences CentreImperial College LondonHammersmith Hospital Campus London UK
| | - C. F. Higgins
- Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences CentreImperial College LondonHammersmith Hospital Campus London UK
| | - E. Yagüe
- Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences CentreImperial College LondonHammersmith Hospital Campus London UK
- Department of OncologyImperial College LondonHammersmith Hospital Campus London UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Inhibition of gamma-secretase induces G2/M arrest and triggers apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2009; 100:1879-88. [PMID: 19513078 PMCID: PMC2714234 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-Secretase activity is vital for the transmembrane cleavage of Notch receptors and the subsequent migration of their intracellular domains to the nucleus. Notch overexpression has been associated with breast, colon, cervical and prostate cancers. We tested the effect of three different γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) in breast cancer cells. One inhibitor (GSI1) was lethal to breast cancer cell lines at concentrations of 2 μM and above but had a minimal effect on the non-malignant breast lines. GSI1 was also cytotoxic for a wide variety of cancer cell lines in the NCI60 cell screen. GSI1 treatment resulted in a marked decrease in γ-secretase activity and downregulation of the Notch signalling pathway with no effects on expression of the γ-secretase components or ligands. Flow cytometric and western blot analyses indicated that GSI1 induces a G2/M arrest leading to apoptosis, through downregulation of Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-XL. GSI1 also inhibited proteasome activity. Thus, the γ-secretase inhibitor GSI1 has a complex mode of action to inhibit breast cancer cell survival and may represent a novel therapy in breast cancer.
Collapse
|