1
|
Mariotto E, Rampazzo E, Bortolozzi R, Rruga F, Zeni I, Manfreda L, Marchioro C, Canton M, Cani A, Magni R, Luchini A, Bresolin S, Viola G, Persano L. Molecular and functional profiling of chemotolerant cells unveils nucleoside metabolism-dependent vulnerabilities in medulloblastoma. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:183. [PMID: 37978570 PMCID: PMC10655385 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01679-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance is considered one of the main causes of tumor relapse, still challenging researchers for the identification of the molecular mechanisms sustaining its emergence. Here, we setup and characterized chemotherapy-resistant models of Medulloblastoma (MB), one of the most lethal pediatric brain tumors, to uncover targetable vulnerabilities associated to their resistant phenotype. Integration of proteomic, transcriptomic and kinomic data revealed a significant deregulation of several pathways in resistant MB cells, converging to cell metabolism, RNA/protein homeostasis, and immune response, eventually impacting on patient outcome. Moreover, resistant MB cell response to a large library of compounds through a high-throughput screening (HTS), highlighted nucleoside metabolism as a relevant vulnerability of chemotolerant cells, with peculiar antimetabolites demonstrating increased efficacy against them and even synergism with conventional chemotherapeutics. Our results suggest that drug-resistant cells significantly rewire multiple cellular processes, allowing their adaptation to a chemotoxic environment, nevertheless exposing alternative actionable susceptibilities for their specific targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Mariotto
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
- Unit of Biostatistics, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Loredan 18, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Elena Rampazzo
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy.
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy.
| | - Roberta Bortolozzi
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy.
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy.
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo Meneghetti 2, 35131, Padua, Italy.
| | - Fatlum Rruga
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zeni
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Manfreda
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Marchioro
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Martina Canton
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Alice Cani
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Ruben Magni
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, MSN 1A9, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - Alessandra Luchini
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, MSN 1A9, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - Silvia Bresolin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Giampietro Viola
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Persano
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jibb LA, Sivaratnam S, Hashemi E, Chu CH, Nathan PC, Chartrand J, Alberts NM, Masama T, Pease HG, Torres LB, Cortes HG, Zworth M, Kuczynski S, Fortier MA. Parent and clinician perceptions and recommendations on a pediatric cancer pain management app: A qualitative co-design study. PLOS Digit Health 2023; 2:e0000169. [PMID: 38019890 PMCID: PMC10686487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Pain is one of the most prevalent and burdensome pediatric cancer symptoms for young children and their families. A significant proportion of pain episodes are experienced in environments where management options are limited, including at home. Digital innovations such as apps may have positive impacts on pain outcomes for young children in these environments. Our overall aim is to co-design such an app and the objective of this study was to explore the perceptions of children's parents about app utility, needed system features, and challenges. We recruited parents of young children with cancer and multidisciplinary pediatric oncology clinicians from two pediatric cancer care centers to participate in audio-recorded, semi-structured, co-design interviews. We conducted interviews structured around technology acceptance and family caregiving theories until data saturation was reached. Audio-recordings were then transcribed, coded, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Forty-two participants took part in the process. Participants endorsed the concept of an app as a useful, safe, and convenient way to engage caregivers in managing their young child's pain. Overall, the app was valued as a means to provide real-time, multimodal informational and procedural pain support to parents, while also reducing the emotional burden of pain care. Recommendations for intervention design included accessibility-focused features, comprehensive symptom tracking, and embedded scientific- and clinically-sound symptom assessments and management advice. Predicted challenges to app use included the workload burden it may place on parents and clinicians. The insights gathered will inform the design principles of our future childhood cancer pain digital research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A. Jibb
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Surabhi Sivaratnam
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elham Hashemi
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Charlene H. Chu
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul C. Nathan
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julie Chartrand
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Tatenda Masama
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hannah G. Pease
- Sue and Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Lessley B. Torres
- Sue and Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Pediatric Psychology, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, United States of America
- UCI Center on Stress and Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Haydee G. Cortes
- Sue and Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Pediatric Psychology, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, United States of America
- UCI Center on Stress and Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Mallory Zworth
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Susan Kuczynski
- Ontario Parents Advocating for Children with Cancer, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michelle A. Fortier
- Sue and Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Pediatric Psychology, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, United States of America
- UCI Center on Stress and Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Skinner KT, Palkar AM, Hong AL. Genetics of ABCB1 in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4236. [PMID: 37686513 PMCID: PMC10487083 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
ABCB1, also known as MDR1, is a gene that encodes P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a membrane-associated ATP-dependent transporter. P-gp is widely expressed in many healthy tissues-in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, and at the blood-brain barrier. P-gp works to pump xenobiotics such as toxins and drugs out of cells. P-gp is also commonly upregulated across multiple cancer types such as ovarian, breast, and lung. Overexpression of ABCB1 has been linked to the development of chemotherapy resistance across these cancers. In vitro work across a wide range of drug-sensitive and -resistant cancer cell lines has shown that upon treatment with chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin, cisplatin, and paclitaxel, ABCB1 is upregulated. This upregulation is caused in part by a variety of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. This includes single-nucleotide variants that lead to enhanced P-gp ATPase activity without increasing ABCB1 RNA and protein levels. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms leading to ABCB1 upregulation and P-gp-enhanced ATPase activity in the setting of chemotherapy resistance across a variety of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie T. Skinner
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.T.S.); (A.M.P.)
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Antara M. Palkar
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.T.S.); (A.M.P.)
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Andrew L. Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.T.S.); (A.M.P.)
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nirala BK, Patel TD, Kurenbekova L, Shuck R, Dasgupta A, Rainusso N, Coarfa C, Yustein JT. MYC regulates CSF1 expression via microRNA 17/20a to modulate tumor-associated macrophages in osteosarcoma. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164947. [PMID: 37279073 PMCID: PMC10371352 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor of childhood. Approximately 20%-30% of OSs carry amplification of chromosome 8q24, which harbors the oncogene c-MYC and correlates with a poor prognosis. To understand the mechanisms that underlie the ability of MYC to alter both the tumor and its surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), we generated and molecularly characterized an osteoblast-specific Cre-Lox-Stop-Lox-c-MycT58A p53fl/+ knockin genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM). Phenotypically, the Myc-knockin GEMM had rapid tumor development with a high incidence of metastasis. MYC-dependent gene signatures in our murine model demonstrated significant homology to the human hyperactivated MYC OS. We established that hyperactivation of MYC led to an immune-depleted TME in OS demonstrated by the reduced number of leukocytes, particularly macrophages. MYC hyperactivation led to the downregulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1, through increased microRNA 17/20a expression, causing a reduction of macrophage population in the TME of OS. Furthermore, we developed cell lines from the GEMM tumors, including a degradation tag-MYC model system, which validated our MYC-dependent findings both in vitro and in vivo. Our studies utilized innovative and clinically relevant models to identify a potentially novel molecular mechanism through which MYC regulates the profile and function of the OS immune landscape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bikesh K. Nirala
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center
| | - Tajhal D. Patel
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center
| | - Lyazat Kurenbekova
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center
| | - Ryan Shuck
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center
| | - Atreyi Dasgupta
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center
| | - Nino Rainusso
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, and
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jason T. Yustein
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Levin SN, Tomasini MD, Knox J, Shirani M, Shebl B, Requena D, Clark J, Heissel S, Alwaseem H, Surjan R, Lahasky R, Molina H, Torbenson MS, Lyons B, Migler RD, Coffino P, Simon SM. Disruption of proteome by an oncogenic fusion kinase alters metabolism in fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadg7038. [PMID: 37343102 PMCID: PMC10284549 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg7038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLC) is a usually lethal primary liver cancer driven by a somatic dysregulation of protein kinase A. We show that the proteome of FLC tumors is distinct from that of adjacent nontransformed tissue. These changes can account for some of the cell biological and pathological alterations in FLC cells, including their drug sensitivity and glycolysis. Hyperammonemic encephalopathy is a recurrent problem in these patients, and established treatments based on the assumption of liver failure are unsuccessful. We show that many of the enzymes that produce ammonia are increased and those that consume ammonia are decreased. We also demonstrate that the metabolites of these enzymes change as expected. Thus, hyperammonemic encephalopathy in FLC may require alternative therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon N. Levin
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael D. Tomasini
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - James Knox
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mahsa Shirani
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Bassem Shebl
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David Requena
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jackson Clark
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Søren Heissel
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hanan Alwaseem
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rodrigo Surjan
- General Surgery Division, Surgery Department, Hospital Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ron Lahasky
- Lahasky Medical Clinic, Abbeville, LA 70510, USA
- The Fibrolamellar Registry, New York, NY 10028, USA
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Barbara Lyons
- The Fibrolamellar Registry, New York, NY 10028, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | | | - Philip Coffino
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sanford M. Simon
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
- The Fibrolamellar Registry, New York, NY 10028, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Manfreda L, Rampazzo E, Persano L. Wnt Signaling in Brain Tumors: A Challenging Therapeutic Target. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:biology12050729. [PMID: 37237541 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of Wnt signaling in normal tissue homeostasis and disease has been widely demonstrated over the last 20 years. In particular, dysregulation of Wnt pathway components has been suggested as a relevant hallmark of several neoplastic malignancies, playing a role in cancer onset, progression, and response to treatments. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the instructions provided by Wnt signaling during organogenesis and, particularly, brain development. Moreover, we recapitulate the most relevant mechanisms through which aberrant Wnt pathway activation may impact on brain tumorigenesis and brain tumor aggressiveness, with a particular focus on the mutual interdependency existing between Wnt signaling components and the brain tumor microenvironment. Finally, the latest anti-cancer therapeutic approaches employing the specific targeting of Wnt signaling are extensively reviewed and discussed. In conclusion, here we provide evidence that Wnt signaling, due to its pleiotropic involvement in several brain tumor features, may represent a relevant target in this context, although additional efforts will be needed to: (i) demonstrate the real clinical impact of Wnt inhibition in these tumors; (ii) overcome some still unsolved concerns about the potential systemic effects of such approaches; (iii) achieve efficient brain penetration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Manfreda
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustininani, 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti, 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Rampazzo
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustininani, 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti, 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Persano
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, Via Giustininani, 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Corso Stati Uniti, 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Perez-Castro L, Venkateswaran N, Garcia R, Hao YH, Lafita-Navarro MC, Kim J, Segal D, Saponzik E, Chang BJ, Fiolka R, Danuser G, Xu L, Brabletz T, Conacci-Sorrell M. The AHR target gene scinderin activates the WNT pathway by facilitating the nuclear translocation of β-catenin. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs260028. [PMID: 36148682 PMCID: PMC10658791 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The ligand-activated transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) regulates cellular detoxification, proliferation and immune evasion in a range of cell types and tissues, including cancer cells. In this study, we used RNA-sequencing to identify the signature of the AHR target genes regulated by the pollutant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) and the endogenous ligand kynurenine (Kyn), a tryptophan-derived metabolite. This approach identified a signature of six genes (CYP1A1, ALDH1A3, ABCG2, ADGRF1 and SCIN) as commonly activated by endogenous or exogenous ligands of AHR in multiple colon cancer cell lines. Among these, the actin-severing protein scinderin (SCIN) was necessary for cell proliferation; SCIN downregulation limited cell proliferation and its expression increased it. SCIN expression was elevated in a subset of colon cancer patient samples, which also contained elevated β-catenin levels. Remarkably, SCIN expression promoted nuclear translocation of β-catenin and activates the WNT pathway. Our study identifies a new mechanism for adhesion-mediated signaling in which SCIN, likely via its ability to alter the actin cytoskeleton, facilitates the nuclear translocation of β-catenin. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizbeth Perez-Castro
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | - Roy Garcia
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yi-Heng Hao
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - M. C. Lafita-Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jiwoong Kim
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dagan Segal
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Etai Saponzik
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bo-Jui Chang
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Reto Fiolka
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Gaudenz Danuser
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, University Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Maralice Conacci-Sorrell
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Siladi AJ, Wang J, Florian AC, Thomas LR, Creighton JH, Matlock BK, Flaherty DK, Lorey SL, Howard GC, Fesik SW, Weissmiller AM, Liu Q, Tansey WP. WIN site inhibition disrupts a subset of WDR5 function. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1848. [PMID: 35115608 PMCID: PMC8813994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
WDR5 nucleates the assembly of histone-modifying complexes and acts outside this context in a range of chromatin-centric processes. WDR5 is also a prominent target for pharmacological inhibition in cancer. Small-molecule degraders of WDR5 have been described, but most drug discovery efforts center on blocking the WIN site of WDR5, an arginine binding cavity that engages MLL/SET enzymes that deposit histone H3 lysine 4 methylation (H3K4me). Therapeutic application of WIN site inhibitors is complicated by the disparate functions of WDR5, but is generally guided by two assumptions-that WIN site inhibitors disable all functions of WDR5, and that changes in H3K4me drive the transcriptional response of cancer cells to WIN site blockade. Here, we test these assumptions by comparing the impact of WIN site inhibition versus WDR5 degradation on H3K4me and transcriptional processes. We show that WIN site inhibition disables only a specific subset of WDR5 activity, and that H3K4me changes induced by WDR5 depletion do not explain accompanying transcriptional responses. These data recast WIN site inhibitors as selective loss-of-function agents, contradict H3K4me as a relevant mechanism of action for WDR5 inhibitors, and indicate distinct clinical applications of WIN site inhibitors and WDR5 degraders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Siladi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Andrea C Florian
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Lance R Thomas
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Oncocyte Corporation, 2 International Drive, Suite 510, Nashville, TN, 37217, USA
| | - Joy H Creighton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 32132, USA
| | - Brittany K Matlock
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - David K Flaherty
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Shelly L Lorey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Gregory C Howard
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Stephen W Fesik
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - April M Weissmiller
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 32132, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - William P Tansey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Williams HC, Piron MA, Nation GK, Walsh AE, Young LEA, Sun RC, Johnson LA. Oral Gavage Delivery of Stable Isotope Tracer for In Vivo Metabolomics. Metabolites 2020; 10:E501. [PMID: 33302448 PMCID: PMC7764755 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10120501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable isotope-resolved metabolomics (SIRM) is a powerful tool for understanding disease. Advances in SIRM techniques have improved isotopic delivery and expanded the workflow from exclusively in vitro applications to in vivo methodologies to study systemic metabolism. Here, we report a simple, minimally-invasive and cost-effective method of tracer delivery to study SIRM in vivo in laboratory mice. Following a brief fasting period, we orally administered a solution of [U-13C] glucose through a blunt gavage needle without anesthesia, at a physiological dose commonly used for glucose tolerance tests (2 g/kg bodyweight). We defined isotopic enrichment in plasma and tissue at 15, 30, 120, and 240 min post-gavage. 13C-labeled glucose peaked in plasma around 15 min post-gavage, followed by period of metabolic decay and clearance until 4 h. We demonstrate robust enrichment of a variety of central carbon metabolites in the plasma, brain and liver of C57/BL6 mice, including amino acids, neurotransmitters, and glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates. We then applied this method to study in vivo metabolism in two distinct mouse models of diseases known to involve dysregulation of glucose metabolism: Alzheimer's disease and type II diabetes. By delivering [U-13C] glucose via oral gavage to the 5XFAD Alzheimer's disease model and the Lepob/ob type II diabetes model, we were able to resolve significant differences in multiple central carbon pathways in both model systems, thus providing evidence of the utility of this method to study diseases with metabolic components. Together, these data clearly demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of an oral gavage delivery method, and present a clear time course for 13C enrichment in plasma, liver and brain of mice following oral gavage of [U-13C] glucose-data we hope will aid other researchers in their own 13C-glucose metabolomics study design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holden C. Williams
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (H.C.W.); (M.A.P.); (G.K.N.); (A.E.W.)
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Margaret A. Piron
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (H.C.W.); (M.A.P.); (G.K.N.); (A.E.W.)
| | - Grant K. Nation
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (H.C.W.); (M.A.P.); (G.K.N.); (A.E.W.)
| | - Adeline E. Walsh
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (H.C.W.); (M.A.P.); (G.K.N.); (A.E.W.)
| | - Lyndsay E. A. Young
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Ramon C. Sun
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Lance A. Johnson
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (H.C.W.); (M.A.P.); (G.K.N.); (A.E.W.)
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Biernacki MA, Foster KA, Woodward KB, Coon ME, Cummings C, Cunningham TM, Dossa RG, Brault M, Stokke J, Olsen TM, Gardner K, Estey E, Meshinchi S, Rongvaux A, Bleakley M. CBFB-MYH11 fusion neoantigen enables T cell recognition and killing of acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:5127-5141. [PMID: 32831296 PMCID: PMC7524498 DOI: 10.1172/jci137723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins created from recurrent fusion genes like CBFB-MYH11 are prevalent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), often necessary for leukemogenesis, persistent throughout the disease course, and highly leukemia specific, making them attractive neoantigen targets for immunotherapy. A nonameric peptide derived from a prevalent CBFB-MYH11 fusion protein was found to be immunogenic in HLA-B*40:01+ donors. High-avidity CD8+ T cell clones isolated from healthy donors killed CBFB-MYH11+ HLA-B*40:01+ AML cell lines and primary human AML samples in vitro. CBFB-MYH11-specific T cells also controlled CBFB-MYH11+ HLA-B*40:01+ AML in vivo in a patient-derived murine xenograft model. High-avidity CBFB-MYH11 epitope-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) transduced into CD8+ T cells conferred antileukemic activity in vitro. Our data indicate that the CBFB-MYH11 fusion neoantigen is naturally presented on AML blasts and enables T cell recognition and killing of AML. We provide proof of principle for immunologically targeting AML-initiating fusions and demonstrate that targeting neoantigens has clinical relevance even in low-mutational frequency cancers like fusion-driven AML. This work also represents a first critical step toward the development of TCR T cell immunotherapy targeting fusion gene-driven AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda A. Biernacki
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine
| | - Kimberly A. Foster
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kyle B. Woodward
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael E. Coon
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Carrie Cummings
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tanya M. Cunningham
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Robson G. Dossa
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michelle Brault
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jamie Stokke
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Tayla M. Olsen
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Elihu Estey
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine
| | - Soheil Meshinchi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Anthony Rongvaux
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marie Bleakley
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, and
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saltsman JA, Hammond WJ, Narayan NJC, Requena D, Gehart H, Lalazar G, LaQuaglia MP, Clevers H, Simon S. A Human Organoid Model of Aggressive Hepatoblastoma for Disease Modeling and Drug Testing. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2668. [PMID: 32962010 PMCID: PMC7563272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma is the most common childhood liver cancer. Although survival has improved significantly over the past few decades, there remains a group of children with aggressive disease who do not respond to current treatment regimens. There is a critical need for novel models to study aggressive hepatoblastoma as research to find new treatments is hampered by the small number of laboratory models of the disease. Organoids have emerged as robust models for many diseases, including cancer. We have generated and characterized a novel organoid model of aggressive hepatoblastoma directly from freshly resected patient tumors as a proof of concept for this approach. Hepatoblastoma tumor organoids recapitulate the key elements of patient tumors, including tumor architecture, mutational profile, gene expression patterns, and features of Wnt/β-catenin signaling that are hallmarks of hepatoblastoma pathophysiology. Tumor organoids were successfully used alongside non-tumor liver organoids from the same patient to perform a drug screen using twelve candidate compounds. One drug, JQ1, demonstrated increased destruction of liver organoids from hepatoblastoma tumor tissue relative to organoids from the adjacent non-tumor liver. Our findings suggest that hepatoblastoma organoids could be used for a variety of applications and have the potential to improve treatment options for the subset of hepatoblastoma patients who do not respond to existing treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James A. Saltsman
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; (J.A.S.); (W.J.H.); (N.J.C.N.); (D.R.); (G.L.)
- Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - William J. Hammond
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; (J.A.S.); (W.J.H.); (N.J.C.N.); (D.R.); (G.L.)
- Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Nicole J. C. Narayan
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; (J.A.S.); (W.J.H.); (N.J.C.N.); (D.R.); (G.L.)
- Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - David Requena
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; (J.A.S.); (W.J.H.); (N.J.C.N.); (D.R.); (G.L.)
| | - Helmuth Gehart
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (H.G.); (H.C.)
| | - Gadi Lalazar
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; (J.A.S.); (W.J.H.); (N.J.C.N.); (D.R.); (G.L.)
| | - Michael P. LaQuaglia
- Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (H.G.); (H.C.)
- The Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanford Simon
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; (J.A.S.); (W.J.H.); (N.J.C.N.); (D.R.); (G.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shi H, Tao T, Abraham BJ, Durbin AD, Zimmerman MW, Kadoch C, Look AT. ARID1A loss in neuroblastoma promotes the adrenergic-to-mesenchymal transition by regulating enhancer-mediated gene expression. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaaz3440. [PMID: 32832616 PMCID: PMC7439613 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz3440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes are found in approximately 20% of all human cancers, with ARID1A being the most frequently mutated subunit. Here, we show that disruption of ARID1A homologs in a zebrafish model accelerates the onset and increases the penetrance of MYCN-driven neuroblastoma by increasing cell proliferation in the sympathoadrenal lineage. Depletion of ARID1A in human NGP neuroblastoma cells promoted the adrenergic-to-mesenchymal transition with changes in enhancer-mediated gene expression due to alterations in the genomic occupancies of distinct SWI/SNF assemblies, BAF and PBAF. Our findings indicate that ARID1A is a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor in MYCN-driven neuroblastoma, whose depletion enhances tumor development and promotes the emergence of the more drug-resistant mesenchymal cell state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ting Tao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Corresponding author. (A.T.L.); (T.T.)
| | - Brian J. Abraham
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Adam D. Durbin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Mark W. Zimmerman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Cigall Kadoch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - A. Thomas Look
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Corresponding author. (A.T.L.); (T.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kanemaru Y, Natsumeda M, Okada M, Saito R, Kobayashi D, Eda T, Watanabe J, Saito S, Tsukamoto Y, Oishi M, Saito H, Nagahashi M, Sasaki T, Hashizume R, Aoyama H, Wakai T, Kakita A, Fujii Y. Dramatic response of BRAF V600E-mutant epithelioid glioblastoma to combination therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitor: establishment and xenograft of a cell line to predict clinical efficacy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:119. [PMID: 31345255 PMCID: PMC6659204 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0774-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid glioblastoma is a rare aggressive variant of glioblastoma (GBM) characterized by a dismal prognosis of about 6 months and frequent leptomeningeal dissemination. A recent study has revealed that 50% of epithelioid GBMs harbor three genetic alterations - BRAF V600E mutation, TERT promoter mutations, and homozygous deletions of CDKN2A/2B. Emerging evidence support the effectiveness of targeted therapies for brain tumors with BRAF V600E mutation. Here we describe a dramatic radiographical response to combined therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors in a patient with epithelioid GBM harboring BRAF V600E mutation, characterized by thick spinal dissemination. From relapsed tumor procured at autopsy, we established a cell line retaining the BRAF V600E mutation, TERT promoter mutation and CDKN2A/2B loss. Intracranial implantation of these cells into mice resulted in tumors closely resembling the original, characterized by epithelioid tumor cells and dissemination, and invasion into the perivascular spaces. We then confirmed the efficacy of treatment with BRAF and MEK inhibitor both in vitro and in vivo. Epithelioid GBM with BRAF V600E mutation can be considered a good treatment indication for precision medicine, and this patient-derived cell line should be useful for prediction of the tumor response and clarification of its biological characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kanemaru
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Manabu Natsumeda
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Masayasu Okada
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Rie Saito
- Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takeyoshi Eda
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Jun Watanabe
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shoji Saito
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tsukamoto
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Makoto Oishi
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirotake Saito
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hidefumi Aoyama
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kakita
- Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Fujii
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Brosnan-Cashman JA, Yuan M, Graham MK, Rizzo AJ, Myers KM, Davis C, Zhang R, Esopi DM, Raabe EH, Eberhart CG, Heaphy CM, Meeker AK. ATRX loss induces multiple hallmarks of the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) phenotype in human glioma cell lines in a cell line-specific manner. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204159. [PMID: 30226859 PMCID: PMC6143253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers must maintain their telomeres at lengths sufficient for cell survival. In several cancer subtypes, a recombination-like mechanism termed alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT), is frequently used for telomere length maintenance. Cancers utilizing ALT often have lost functional ATRX, a chromatin remodeling protein, through mutation or deletion, thereby strongly implicating ATRX as an ALT suppressor. Herein, we have generated functional ATRX knockouts in four telomerase-positive, ALT-negative human glioma cell lines: MOG-G-UVW, SF188, U-251 and UW479. After loss of ATRX, two of the four cell lines (U-251 and UW479) show multiple characteristics of ALT-positive cells, including ultrabright telomeric DNA foci, ALT-associated PML bodies, and c-circles. However, telomerase activity and overall telomere length heterogeneity are unaffected after ATRX loss, regardless of cellular context. The two cell lines that showed ALT hallmarks after complete ATRX loss also did so upon ATRX depletion via shRNA-mediated knockdown. These results suggest that other genomic or epigenetic events, in addition to ATRX loss, are necessary for the induction of ALT in human cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Mindy K. Graham
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Anthony J. Rizzo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Kaylar M. Myers
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Christine Davis
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - David M. Esopi
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Eric H. Raabe
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Charles G. Eberhart
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Christopher M. Heaphy
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Alan K. Meeker
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lulla RR, Saratsis AM, Hashizume R. Mutations in chromatin machinery and pediatric high-grade glioma. Sci Adv 2016; 2:e1501354. [PMID: 27034984 PMCID: PMC4803494 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1501354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric central nervous system tumors are the most common solid tumor of childhood. Of these, approximately one-third are gliomas that exhibit diverse biological behaviors in the unique context of the developing nervous system. Although low-grade gliomas predominate and have favorable outcomes, up to 20% of pediatric gliomas are high-grade. These tumors are a major contributor to cancer-related morbidity and mortality in infants, children, and adolescents, with long-term survival rates of only 10 to 15%. The recent discovery of somatic oncogenic mutations affecting chromatin regulation in pediatric high-grade glioma has markedly improved our understanding of disease pathogenesis, and these findings have stimulated the development of novel therapeutic approaches targeting epigenetic regulators for disease treatment. We review the current perspective on pediatric high-grade glioma genetics and epigenetics, and discuss the emerging and experimental therapeutics targeting the unique molecular abnormalities present in these deadly childhood brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rishi R. Lulla
- Department of Pediatrics—Hematology, Oncology, Neuro-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Amanda Muhs Saratsis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|