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Yu Y, Dong W, Shi Y, Wu R, Yu Q, Ye F, Zhou C, Dong X, Li X, Li Y, Li Z, Wu L, Pan Y, Shen H, Wu D, Xu Z, Wu J, Xu N, Qin Y, Zang A, Zhang J, Zhou J, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Li F, Wang H, Liu Q, Han Z, Li J, Lu S. A pooled analysis of clinical outcome in driver-gene negative non-small cell lung cancer patients with MET overexpression treated with gumarontinib. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359241264730. [PMID: 39091606 PMCID: PMC11292687 DOI: 10.1177/17588359241264730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background MET overexpression represents the most MET aberration in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, except MET exon 14 (METex14) skipping mutation was recognized as a clinical biomarker, the role of MET overexpression as a predictive factor to MET inhibitor is not clear. Objectives The purpose of the pooled analysis is to explore the safety and efficiency of gumarontinib, a highly selective oral MET inhibitor, in drive-gene negative NSCLC patients with MET overexpression. Design and methods NSCLC patients with MET overexpression [immunohistochemistry (IHC) ⩾3+ as determined by central laboratory] not carrying epidermal growth factor receptor mutation, METex14 skipping mutation or other known drive gene alternations who received Gumarontinib 300 mg QD from two single arm studies were selected and pooled for the analysis. The efficacy [objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)] and safety [treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE), treatment related AE (TRAE) and serious AE (SAE) were assessed. Results A total of 32 patients with MET overexpression were included in the analysis, including 12 treatment naïve patients who refused or were unsuitable for chemotherapy, and 20 pre-treated patients who received ⩾1 lines of prior systemic anti-tumour therapies. Overall, the ORR was 37.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 21.1-56.3%], the DCR was 81.3% (95% CI: 63.6-92.8%), median PFS (mPFS) and median OS (mOS) were 6.9 month (95% CI: 3.6-9.7) and 17.0 month (95% CI: 10.3-not evaluable), respectively. The most common AEs were oedema (59.4%), hypoalbuminaemia (40.6%), alanine aminotransferase increased (31.3%). Conclusion Gumarontinib showed promising antitumour activity in driver-gene negative locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients with MET overexpression, which warranted a further clinical trial. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03457532; NCT04270591.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Yanxia Shi
- Internal Medicine Department, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Wu
- Second Medical Oncology Breast Tumors, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qitao Yu
- Department of Respiratory Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Chengzhi Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Dong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingya Li
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Internal Medicine-Oncology and Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Internal Medicine 5, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Second Department of Thoracic Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yueyin Pan
- Department of Oncology and Chemotherapy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dehua Wu
- Radiotherapy Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- Nanfang Hospital National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinsheng Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Nong Xu
- Internal Medicine-Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanru Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University of Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aimin Zang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jingdong Zhang
- Gastroenterology Department, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianya Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Radiotherapy Department, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fugen Li
- Haihe Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Qi Liu
- Haihe Biopharma Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, 150 Jimo Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Shun Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 241 Huaihai West Road, Shanghai 200030, China
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Thomas BJ, Guldenpfennig C, Daniels MA, Burke DH, Porciani D. Multiplexed In Vivo Screening Using Barcoded Aptamer Technology to Identify Oligonucleotide-Based Targeting Reagents. Nucleic Acid Ther 2024; 34:109-124. [PMID: 38752363 PMCID: PMC11250842 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2024.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent FDA approvals of mRNA vaccines, short-interfering RNAs, and antisense oligonucleotides highlight the success of oligonucleotides as therapeutics. Aptamers are excellent affinity reagents that can selectively label protein biomarkers, but their clinical application has lagged. When formulating a given aptamer for in vivo use, molecular design details can determine biostability and biodistribution; therefore, extensive postselection manipulation is often required for each new design to identify clinically useful reagents harboring improved pharmacokinetic properties. Few methods are available to comprehensively screen such aptamers, especially in vivo, constituting a significant bottleneck in the field. In this study, we introduce barcoded aptamer technology (BApT) for multiplexed screening of predefined aptamer formulations in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate this technology by simultaneously investigating 20 aptamer formulations, each harboring different molecular designs, for targeting Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer cells and tumors. Screening in vitro identified a 45 kDa bispecific formulation as the best cancer cell targeting reagent, whereas screening in vivo identified a 30 kDa monomeric formulation as the best tumor-specific targeting reagent. The multiplexed analysis pipeline also identified biodistribution phenotypes shared among formulations with similar molecular architectures. The BApT approach we describe here has the potential for broad application to fields where oligonucleotide-based targeting reagents are desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Thomas
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Caitlyn Guldenpfennig
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Mark A. Daniels
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Donald H. Burke
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - David Porciani
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Kooltheat N, Noonong K, Hanson KM, Lao-On U. Phytochemical composition of the diethyl ether extract of Artemisia lactiflora Wall. ex DC and its antimetastatic activity in human lung cancer cells. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38439740 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2324114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Artemisia lactiflora Wall. ex DC. is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant used in the treatment of menstrual and hepatic disorders due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its anti-metastatic activity, which is the clinical challenge of lung cancer treatment, has not yet been reported. From the diethyl ether extract of Artemisia lactiflora, the four terpenoids, including dihydroactinidiolide, megastigmatrienone, alpha-curcumene, and dehydrovomifoliol, were the most intense peaks observed using LC-MS/MS, whereas bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was a contaminant. In a transwell assay, the A. lactiflora diethyl ether extract (32 μg/ml) and dihydroactinidiolide (250 μg/ml) markedly inhibited the migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, similar to the standard anti-metastatic drug (capmatinib). Western blot analysis revealed that mesenchymal N-cadherin is downregulated in NSCLC cells under the treatment conditions. The potential anti-metastatic property of dihydroactinidiolide is promising as a new candidate anti-metastatic agent for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nateelak Kooltheat
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Kunwadee Noonong
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Karl M Hanson
- Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Udom Lao-On
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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Luu JK, Johnson FD, Jajarmi J, Sihota T, Shi R, Lu D, Farnsworth D, Spencer SE, Negri GL, Morin GB, Lockwood WW. Characterizing the secretome of EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1286821. [PMID: 38260835 PMCID: PMC10801028 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1286821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide, mainly due to the late stage of disease at the time of diagnosis. Non-invasive biomarkers are needed to supplement existing screening methods to enable earlier detection and increased patient survival. This is critical to EGFR-driven lung adenocarcinoma as it commonly occurs in individuals who have never smoked and do not qualify for current screening protocols. Methods In this study, we performed mass spectrometry analysis of the secretome of cultured lung cells representing different stages of mutant EGFR driven transformation, from normal to fully malignant. Identified secreted proteins specific to the malignant state were validated using orthogonal methods and their clinical activity assessed in lung adenocarcinoma patient cohorts. Results We quantified 1020 secreted proteins, which were compared for differential expression between stages of transformation. We validated differentially expressed proteins at the transcriptional level in clinical tumor specimens, association with patient survival, and absolute concentration to yield three biomarker candidates: MDK, GDF15, and SPINT2. These candidates were validated using ELISA and increased levels were associated with poor patient survival specifically in EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients. Conclusions Our study provides insight into changes in secreted proteins during EGFR driven lung adenocarcinoma transformation that may play a role in the processes that promote tumor progression. The specific candidates identified can harnessed for biomarker use to identify high risk individuals for early detection screening programs and disease management for this molecular subgroup of lung adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Luu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fraser D. Johnson
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jana Jajarmi
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tianna Sihota
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rocky Shi
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel Lu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dylan Farnsworth
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sandra E. Spencer
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gian Luca Negri
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gregg B. Morin
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - William W. Lockwood
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
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5
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Huang C, Lin ZJ, Chen JC, Zheng HJ, Lai YH, Huang HC. α-Viniferin-Induced Apoptosis through Downregulation of SIRT1 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050727. [PMID: 37242510 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Viniferin, a natural stilbene compound found in plants and a polymer of resveratrol, had demonstrated potential anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the specific mechanisms underlying its anti-cancer activity were not yet fully understood and required further investigation. This study evaluated the effectiveness of α-viniferin and ε-viniferin using MTT assay. Results showed that α-viniferin was more effective than ε-viniferin in reducing the viability of NCI-H460 cells, a type of non-small cell lung cancer. Annexin V/7AAD assay results provided further evidence that the decrease in cell viability observed in response to α-viniferin treatment was due to the induction of apoptosis in NCI-H460 cells. The present findings indicated that treatment with α-viniferin could stimulate apoptosis in cells by cleaving caspase 3 and PARP. Moreover, the treatment reduced the expression of SIRT1, vimentin, and phosphorylated AKT, and also induced AIF nuclear translocation. Furthermore, this research provided additional evidence for the effectiveness of α-viniferin as an anti-tumor agent in nude mice with NCI-H460 cell xenografts. As demonstrated by the TUNEL assay results, α-viniferin promoted apoptosis in NCI-H460 cells in nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Jun Lin
- Center for Teacher Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Science, Nanda Campus, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chieh Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jun Zheng
- Center for Teacher Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Science, Nanda Campus, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Heng Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Huang
- Center for Teacher Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Science, Nanda Campus, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
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6
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Burikhanov R, Ganguly S, Ellingson S, Sviripa VM, Araujo N, Li S, Venkatraman P, Rao M, Choughule A, Brainson CF, Zhan CG, Spielmann HP, Watt DS, Govindan R, Rangnekar VM. Crizotinib induces Par-4 secretion from normal cells and GRP78 expression on the cancer cell surface for selective tumor growth inhibition. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:976-991. [PMID: 37034206 PMCID: PMC10077052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Lung cancer cells develop resistance to apoptosis by suppressing the secretion of the tumor suppressor Par-4 protein (also known as PAWR) and/or down-modulating the Par-4 receptor GRP78 on the cell surface (csGRP78). We sought to identify FDA-approved drugs that elevate csGRP78 on the surface of lung cancer cells and induce Par-4 secretion from the cancer cells and/or normal cells in order to inhibit cancer growth in an autocrine or paracrine manner. In an unbiased screen, we identified crizotinib (CZT), an inhibitor of activated ALK/MET/ROS1 receptor tyrosine kinase, as an inducer of csGRP78 expression in ALK-negative, KRAS or EGFR mutant lung cancer cells. Elevation of csGRP78 in the lung cancer cells was dependent on activation of the non-receptor tyrosine kinase SRC by CZT. Inhibition of SRC activation in the cancer cells prevented csGRP78 translocation but promoted Par-4 secretion by CZT, implying that activated SRC prevented Par-4 secretion. In normal cells, CZT did not activate SRC and csGRP78 elevation but induced Par-4 secretion. Consequently, CZT induced Par-4 secretion from normal cells and elevated csGRP78 in the ALK-negative tumor cells to cause paracrine apoptosis in cancer cell cultures and growth inhibition of tumor xenografts in mice. Thus, CZT induces differential activation of SRC in normal and cancer cells to trigger the pro-apoptotic Par-4-GRP78 axis. As csGRP78 is a targetable receptor, CZT can be repurposed to elevate csGRP78 for inhibition of ALK-negative lung tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravshan Burikhanov
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Medicine, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Saptadwipa Ganguly
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Sally Ellingson
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Vitaliy M Sviripa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Nathalia Araujo
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Shunqiang Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington UniversitySt. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Prasanna Venkatraman
- Tata Memorial Centre-Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in CancerNavi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Center for Translational Research, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Anuradha Choughule
- Tata Memorial Centre-Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in CancerNavi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Christine F Brainson
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Chang-Guo Zhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - H Peter Spielmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - David S Watt
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Govindan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington UniversitySt. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Vivek M Rangnekar
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Medicine, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of KentuckyLexington, Kentucky, USA
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7
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Mirzaei G, Petreaca RC. Distribution of copy number variations and rearrangement endpoints in human cancers with a review of literature. Mutat Res 2022; 824:111773. [PMID: 35091282 PMCID: PMC11301607 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2021.111773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Copy number variations (CNVs) which include deletions, duplications, inversions, translocations, and other forms of chromosomal re-arrangements are common to human cancers. In this report we investigated the pattern of these variations with the goal of understanding whether there exist specific cancer signatures. We used re-arrangement endpoint data deposited on the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancers (COSMIC) for our analysis. Indeed, we find that human cancers are characterized by specific patterns of chromosome rearrangements endpoints which in turn result in cancer specific CNVs. A review of the literature reveals tissue specific mutations which either drive these CNVs or appear as a consequence of CNVs because they confer an advantage to the cancer cell. We also identify several rearrangement endpoints hotspots that were not previously reported. Our analysis suggests that in addition to local chromosomal architecture, CNVs are driven by the internal cellular or nuclear physiology of each cancer tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golrokh Mirzaei
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University at Marion, Marion, OH, 43302, USA
| | - Ruben C Petreaca
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University at Marion, Marion, OH, 43302, USA; Cancer Biology Program, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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8
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Yang X, Liao HY, Zhang HH. Roles of MET in human cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 525:69-83. [PMID: 34951962 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The MET proto-oncogene was first identified in osteosarcoma cells exposed to carcinogens. Although expressed in many normal cells, MET is overexpressed in many human cancers. MET is involved in the initiation and development of various human cancers and mediates proliferation, migration and invasion. Accordingly, MET has been successfully used as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis, survival, post-operative recurrence, risk assessment and pathologic grading, as well as a therapeutic target. In addition, recent work indicates that inhibition of MET expression and function has potential clinical benefit. This review summarizes the role, mechanism, and clinical significance of MET in the formation and development of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hai-Yang Liao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hai-Hong Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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9
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Yan D, Earp HS, DeRyckere D, Graham DK. Targeting MERTK and AXL in EGFR Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5639. [PMID: 34830794 PMCID: PMC8616094 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MERTK and AXL are members of the TAM family of receptor tyrosine kinases and are abnormally expressed in 69% and 93% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), respectively. Expression of MERTK and/or AXL provides a survival advantage for NSCLC cells and correlates with lymph node metastasis, drug resistance, and disease progression in patients with NSCLC. The TAM receptors on host tumor infiltrating cells also play important roles in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Thus, MERTK and AXL are attractive biologic targets for NSCLC treatment. Here, we will review physiologic and oncologic roles for MERTK and AXL with an emphasis on the potential to target these kinases in NSCLCs with activating EGFR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yan
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (D.Y.); (D.D.)
| | - H. Shelton Earp
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Deborah DeRyckere
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (D.Y.); (D.D.)
| | - Douglas K. Graham
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (D.Y.); (D.D.)
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10
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Kudo N, Kudoh S, Matsuo A, Motooka Y, Ito T. ZMYM3 May Promote Cell Proliferation in Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2021; 54:143-153. [PMID: 34764523 PMCID: PMC8569135 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.21-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger, myeloproliferative, and mental retardation-type containing 3 (ZMYM3) is a highly conserved protein among vertebrates. Although it promotes DNA repair and moderate histone acetylation, the other functions of ZMYM3 remain unclear. We herein examined the physiological functions of ZMYM3 in human lung cancer using a ZMYM3-knockdown small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell line. ZMYM3-knockdown SCLC cells grew slowly and the Ki-67 labeling index was lower in ZMYM3-knockdown cells than in mock cells. The subcutaneous tumors that formed after xenotransplantation into immunodeficient mice were slightly smaller in the ZMYM3-knockdown group than in the mock group. Furthermore, public RNA-sequencing data analyses showed similar RNA profiles between ZMYM3 and some cell proliferation markers. These results indicate that ZMYM3 promotes cell proliferation in human lung carcinomas, particularly SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noritaka Kudo
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1–1–1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860–8556, Japan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Tokyo, 7–3–1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan
| | - Shinji Kudoh
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1–1–1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860–8556, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuo
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1–1–1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860–8556, Japan
| | - Yamato Motooka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1–1–1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860–8556, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1–1–1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860–8556, Japan
- Department of Medical Technology, Kumamoto Health Science University Faculty of Health Science, Izumi 325, Kita-ku, Kumamoto 861–5598, Japan
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11
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Rosen JC, Weiss J, Pham NA, Li Q, Martins-Filho SN, Wang Y, Tsao MS, Moghal N. Antitumor efficacy of XPO1 inhibitor Selinexor in KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patient-derived xenografts. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101179. [PMID: 34284202 PMCID: PMC8313753 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations occur in 25% of lung adenocarcinomas, and these tumors are challenging to treat. Some preclinical work, largely based on cell lines, suggested KRASmut lung cancers are especially dependent on the nuclear export protein exportin-1 (XPO1), while other work supports XPO1 being a broader cancer dependency. To investigate the sensitivity of KRASmut lung cancers to XPO1 inhibition in models that more closely match clinical tumors, we treated 10 independently established lung cancer patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs) with the clinical XPO1 inhibitor, Selinexor. Monotherapy with Selinexor reduced tumor growth in all KRASmut PDXs, which included 4 different codon mutations, and was more effective than the clinical MEK1/2 inhibitor, Trametinib. Selinexor was equally effective in KRASG12C and KRASG12D tumors, with TP53 mutations being a biomarker for a weaker drug response. By mining genome-wide dropout datasets, we identified XPO1 as a universal cancer cell dependency and confirmed this functionally in two KRASWT PDX models harboring kinase drivers. However, targeted kinase inhibitors were more effective than Selinexor in these models. Our findings support continued investigation of XPO1 inhibitors in KRASmut lung adenocarcinoma, regardless of the codon alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C Rosen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jessica Weiss
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Nhu-An Pham
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Quan Li
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Sebastiao N Martins-Filho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Nadeem Moghal
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.
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12
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DaSilva JO, Yang K, Surriga O, Nittoli T, Kunz A, Franklin MC, Delfino FJ, Mao S, Zhao F, Giurleo JT, Kelly MP, Makonnen S, Hickey C, Krueger P, Foster R, Chen Z, Retter MW, Slim R, Young TM, Olson WC, Thurston G, Daly C. A Biparatopic Antibody-Drug Conjugate to Treat MET-Expressing Cancers, Including Those that Are Unresponsive to MET Pathway Blockade. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1966-1976. [PMID: 34315762 PMCID: PMC9398133 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancers harboring mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition factor (MET) genetic alterations, such as exon 14 skipping mutations or high-level gene amplification, respond well to MET-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). However, these agents benefit a relatively small group of patients (4%-5% of lung cancers), and acquired resistance limits response durability. An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting MET might enable effective treatment of MET-overexpressing tumors (approximately 25% of lung cancers) that do not respond to MET targeted therapies. Using a protease-cleavable linker, we conjugated a biparatopic METxMET antibody to a maytansinoid payload to generate a MET ADC (METxMET-M114). METxMET-M114 promotes substantial and durable tumor regression in xenografts with moderate to high MET expression, including models that exhibit innate or acquired resistance to MET blockers. Positron emission tomography (PET) studies show that tumor uptake of radiolabeled METxMET antibody correlates with MET expression levels and METxMET-M114 efficacy. In a cynomolgus monkey toxicology study, METxMET-M114 was well tolerated at a dose that provides circulating drug concentrations that are sufficient for maximal antitumor activity in mouse models. Our findings suggest that METxMET-M114, which takes advantage of the unique trafficking properties of our METxMET antibody, is a promising candidate for the treatment of MET-overexpressing tumors, with the potential to address some of the limitations faced by the MET function blockers currently in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O. DaSilva
- Corresponding Author: John DaSilva, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591. Phone: 914-847-5392; E-mail:
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13
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Kim M, Reinhard C, Niehrs C. A MET-PTPRK kinase-phosphatase rheostat controls ZNRF3 and Wnt signaling. eLife 2021; 10:70885. [PMID: 34590584 PMCID: PMC8516413 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc and ring finger 3 (ZNRF3) is a transmembrane E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets Wnt receptors for ubiquitination and lysosomal degradation. Previously, we showed that dephosphorylation of an endocytic tyrosine motif (4Y motif) in ZNRF3 by protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type kappa (PTPRK) promotes ZNRF3 internalization and Wnt receptor degradation (Chang et al 2020). However, a responsible protein tyrosine kinase(s) (PTK) phosphorylating the 4Y motif remained elusive. Here we identify the proto-oncogene MET (mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor) as a 4Y kinase. MET binds to ZNRF3 and induces 4Y phosphorylation, stimulated by the MET ligand HGF (hepatocyte growth factor, scatter factor). HGF-MET signaling reduces ZNRF3-dependent Wnt receptor degradation thereby enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Conversely, depletion or pharmacological inhibition of MET promotes the internalization of ZNRF3 and Wnt receptor degradation. We conclude that HGF-MET signaling phosphorylates- and PTPRK dephosphorylates ZNRF3 to regulate ZNRF3 internalization, functioning as a rheostat for Wnt signaling that may offer novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseong Kim
- Division of Molecular Embryology, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carmen Reinhard
- Division of Molecular Embryology, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof Niehrs
- Division of Molecular Embryology, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
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14
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Nguyen HN, Cao NPT, Van Nguyen TC, Le KND, Nguyen DT, Nguyen QTT, Nguyen THT, Van Nguyen C, Le HT, Nguyen MLT, Nguyen TV, Tran VU, Luong BA, Le LGH, Ho QC, Pham HAT, Vo BT, Nguyen LT, Dang ATH, Nguyen SD, Do DM, Do TTT, Hoang AV, Dinh KT, Phan MD, Giang H, Tran LS. Liquid biopsy uncovers distinct patterns of DNA methylation and copy number changes in NSCLC patients with different EGFR-TKI resistant mutations. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16436. [PMID: 34385540 PMCID: PMC8361064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95985-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) provides survival benefits to a majority of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, resistance to TKI almost always develops after treatment. Although genetic and epigenetic alterations have each been shown to drive resistance to TKI in cell line models, clinical evidence for their contribution in the acquisition of resistance remains limited. Here, we employed liquid biopsy for simultaneous analysis of genetic and epigenetic changes in 122 Vietnamese NSCLC patients undergoing TKI therapy and displaying acquired resistance. We detected multiple profiles of resistance mutations in 51 patients (41.8%). Of those, genetic alterations in EGFR, particularly EGFR amplification (n = 6), showed pronounced genome instability and genome-wide hypomethylation. Interestingly, the level of hypomethylation was associated with the duration of response to TKI treatment. We also detected hypermethylation in regulatory regions of Homeobox genes which are known to be involved in tumor differentiation. In contrast, such changes were not observed in cases with MET (n = 4) and HER2 (n = 4) amplification. Thus, our study showed that liquid biopsy could provide important insights into the heterogeneity of TKI resistance mechanisms in NSCLC patients, providing essential information for prediction of resistance and selection of subsequent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoai-Nghia Nguyen
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ha Thu Le
- Ha Noi Oncology Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Vu Uyen Tran
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bac An Luong
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Linh Gia Hoang Le
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Quoc Chuong Ho
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Binh Thanh Vo
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Anh-Thu Huynh Dang
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Duc Minh Do
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Anh Vu Hoang
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Minh-Duy Phan
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoa Giang
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Le Son Tran
- Medical Genetics Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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15
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Oh HN, Kwak AW, Lee MH, Kim E, Yoon G, Cho SS, Liu K, Chae JI, Shim JH. Targeted inhibition of c-MET by podophyllotoxin promotes caspase-dependent apoptosis and suppresses cell growth in gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 80:153355. [PMID: 33039730 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer has the highest incidence and cancer-related mortality of all cancers worldwide. Its treatment is focused on molecular targeted therapy. c-MET plays an important role in the development and metastasis of various human cancers and has been identified as an attractive potential anti-cancer target. Podophyllotoxin (PPT), an aryltetralin lignan isolated from the rhizomes of Podophyllum species, has several pharmacological activities that include anti-viral and anti-cancer effects. However, the mechanism of the anti-cancer effects of PPT on gefitinib-sensitive (HCC827) or -resistant (MET-amplified HCC827GR) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells remains unexplored. PURPOSE In the present study, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of PPT-induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells and found that the inhibition of c-MET kinase activity contributed to PPT-induced cell death. METHODS The regulation of c-MET by PPT was examined by pull-down assay, ATP-competitive binding assay, kinase activity assay, molecular docking simulation, and Western blot analysis. The cell growth inhibitory effects of PPT on NSCLC cells were assessed using the MTT assay, soft agar assay, and flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS PPT could directly interact with c-MET and inhibit kinase activity, which further induced the apoptosis of HCC827GR cells. In contrast, PPT did not significantly affect EGFR kinase activity. PPT significantly inhibited the cell viability of HCC827GR cells, whereas the PPT-treated HCC827 cells showed a cell viability of more than 80%. PPT dose-dependently induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, as shown by the downregulation of cyclin B1 and cdc2, and upregulation of p27 expression in HCC827GR cells. Furthermore, PPT treatment induced Bad expression and downregulation of Mcl-1, survivin, and Bcl-xl expression, subsequently activating multi-caspases. PPT thereby induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in HCC827GR cells. CONCLUSION These results suggest the potential of PPT as a c-MET inhibitor to overcome tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Na Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Won Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangdong Liu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, P.R. China; Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, P.R. China; Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Saadat M, Manshadi MK, Mohammadi M, Zare MJ, Zarei M, Kamali R, Sanati-Nezhad A. Magnetic particle targeting for diagnosis and therapy of lung cancers. J Control Release 2020; 328:776-791. [PMID: 32920079 PMCID: PMC7484624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, the growing interest in targeted lung cancer therapy has guided researchers toward the cutting edge of controlled drug delivery, particularly magnetic particle targeting. Targeting of tissues by magnetic particles has tackled several limitations of traditional drug delivery methods for both cancer detection (e.g., using magnetic resonance imaging) and therapy. Delivery of magnetic particles offers the key advantage of high efficiency in the local deposition of drugs in the target tissue with the least harmful effect on other healthy tissues. This review first overviews clinical aspects of lung morphology and pathogenesis as well as clinical features of lung cancer. It is followed by reviewing the advances in using magnetic particles for diagnosis and therapy of lung cancers: (i) a combination of magnetic particle targeting with MRI imaging for diagnosis and screening of lung cancers, (ii) magnetic drug targeting (MDT) through either intravenous injection and pulmonary delivery for lung cancer therapy, and (iii) computational simulations that models new and effective approaches for magnetic particle drug delivery to the lung, all supporting improved lung cancer treatment. The review further discusses future opportunities to improve the clinical performance of MDT for diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer and highlights clinical therapy application of the MDT as a new horizon to cure with minimal side effects a wide variety of lung diseases and possibly other acute respiratory syndromes (COVID-19, MERS, and SARS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Saadat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad K.D. Manshadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada,Center for Bioengineering Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada,Department of Biological Science, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | | | - Mohammad Zarei
- Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Reza Kamali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, 71345 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Sanati-Nezhad
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; Center for Bioengineering Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
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17
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Sreedurgalakshmi K, Srikar R, Rajkumari R. CRISPR-Cas deployment in non-small cell lung cancer for target screening, validations, and discoveries. Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 28:566-580. [PMID: 33191402 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Continued advancements in CRISPR-Cas systems have accelerated genome research. Use of CRISPR-Cas in cancer research has been of great interest that is resulting in development of orthogonal methods for drug target validations and discovery of new therapeutic targets through genome-wide screens of cancer cells. CRISPR-based screens have also revealed several new cancer drivers through alterations in tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and oncogenes inducing resistance to targeted therapies via activation of alternate signaling pathways. Given such dynamic status of cancer, we review the application of CRISPR-Cas in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for development of mutant models, drug screening, target validation, novel target discoveries, and other emerging potential applications. In addition, CRISPR-based approach for development of novel anticancer combination therapies is also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sreedurgalakshmi
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India.,Division of Biosimilars and Gene Therapy, R&D, Levim Biotech LLP, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - R Srikar
- Division of Biosimilars and Gene Therapy, R&D, Levim Biotech LLP, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Reena Rajkumari
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India.
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18
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Fujino T, Suda K, Mitsudomi T. Emerging MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2020; 25:229-249. [PMID: 32615820 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2020.1791821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction MET aberrations, including MET exon 14 skipping mutation and amplification, are present in ~5% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases, and these levels are comparable to the frequency of ALK fusion. MET amplification also occurs as an acquired resistance mechanism in EGFR-mutated NSCLC after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) treatment failure. Therefore, the development of therapies for activated MET is urgently needed. Areas covered This review summarizes (1) the mechanisms and frequencies of MET aberrations in NSCLC, (2) the efficacies and toxicities of MET-TKIs under clinical development and (3) the mechanisms of inherent and acquired resistance to MET-TKIs. Expert opinion Type Ia, Ib and II MET-TKIs are currently under clinical development, and phase I/II studies have shown the potent activities of tepotinib, capmatinib and savolitinib; in fact, tepotinib and capmatinib were approved for use by health authorities. However, inherent and acquired resistance through on- and off-target mechanisms has been detected, and strategies to overcome this resistance are being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Fujino
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Suda
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mitsudomi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine , Osaka-Sayama, Japan
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19
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Hamid AB, Petreaca RC. Secondary Resistant Mutations to Small Molecule Inhibitors in Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040927. [PMID: 32283832 PMCID: PMC7226513 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary resistant mutations in cancer cells arise in response to certain small molecule inhibitors. These mutations inevitably cause recurrence and often progression to a more aggressive form. Resistant mutations may manifest in various forms. For example, some mutations decrease or abrogate the affinity of the drug for the protein. Others restore the function of the enzyme even in the presence of the inhibitor. In some cases, resistance is acquired through activation of a parallel pathway which bypasses the function of the drug targeted pathway. The Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) produced a compendium of resistant mutations to small molecule inhibitors reported in the literature. Here, we build on these data and provide a comprehensive review of resistant mutations in cancers. We also discuss mechanistic parallels of resistance.
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20
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Aldonza MBD, Ku J, Hong JY, Kim D, Yu SJ, Lee MS, Prayogo MC, Tan S, Kim D, Han J, Lee SK, Im SG, Ryu HS, Kim Y. Prior acquired resistance to paclitaxel relays diverse EGFR-targeted therapy persistence mechanisms. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaav7416. [PMID: 32083171 PMCID: PMC7007258 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav7416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Secondary drug resistance stems from dynamic clonal evolution during the development of a prior primary resistance. This collateral type of resistance is often a characteristic of cancer recurrence. Yet, mechanisms that drive this collateral resistance and their drug-specific trajectories are still poorly understood. Using resistance selection and small-scale pharmacological screens, we find that cancer cells with primary acquired resistance to the microtubule-stabilizing drug paclitaxel often develop tolerance to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), leading to formation of more stable resistant cell populations. We show that paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells follow distinct selection paths under EGFR-TKIs by enriching the stemness program, developing a highly glycolytic adaptive stress response, and rewiring an apoptosis control pathway. Collectively, our work demonstrates the alterations in cellular state stemming from paclitaxel failure that result in collateral resistance to EGFR-TKIs and points to new exploitable vulnerabilities during resistance evolution in the second-line treatment setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Borris D. Aldonza
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jayoung Ku
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Donghwa Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seung Jung Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Min-Seok Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Monica Celine Prayogo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Stephanie Tan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Dayeon Kim
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jinju Han
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Han Suk Ryu
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Yoosik Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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21
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Lung Carcinoma. Genomic Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22922-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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22
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Singh R, Peng S, Viswanath P, Sambandam V, Shen L, Rao X, Fang B, Wang J, Johnson FM. Non-canonical cMet regulation by vimentin mediates Plk1 inhibitor-induced apoptosis. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e9960. [PMID: 31040125 PMCID: PMC6505578 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To address the need for improved systemic therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we previously demonstrated that mesenchymal NSCLC was sensitive to polo-like kinase (Plk1) inhibitors, but the mechanisms of resistance in epithelial NSCLC remain unknown. Here, we show that cMet was differentially regulated in isogenic pairs of epithelial and mesenchymal cell lines. Plk1 inhibition inhibits cMet phosphorylation only in mesenchymal cells. Constitutively active cMet abrogates Plk1 inhibitor-induced apoptosis. Likewise, cMet silencing or inhibition enhances Plk1 inhibitor-induced apoptosis. Cells with acquired resistance to Plk1 inhibitors are more epithelial than their parental cells and maintain cMet activation after Plk1 inhibition. In four animal NSCLC models, mesenchymal tumors were more sensitive to Plk1 inhibition alone than were epithelial tumors. The combination of cMet and Plk1 inhibition led to regression of tumors that did not regrow when drug treatment was stopped. Plk1 inhibition did not affect HGF levels but did decrease vimentin phosphorylation, which regulates cMet phosphorylation via β1-integrin. This research defines a heretofore unknown mechanism of ligand-independent activation of cMet downstream of Plk1 and an effective combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnakar Singh
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shaohua Peng
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pavitra Viswanath
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vaishnavi Sambandam
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiayu Rao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bingliang Fang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Faye M Johnson
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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23
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Lai GGY, Lim TH, Lim J, Liew PJR, Kwang XL, Nahar R, Aung ZW, Takano A, Lee YY, Lau DPX, Tan GS, Tan SH, Tan WL, Ang MK, Toh CK, Tan BS, Devanand A, Too CW, Gogna A, Ong BH, Koh TPT, Kanesvaran R, Ng QS, Jain A, Rajasekaran T, Yuan J, Lim TKH, Lim AST, Hillmer AM, Lim WT, Iyer NG, Tam WL, Zhai W, Tan EH, Tan DSW. Clonal MET Amplification as a Determinant of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2019; 37:876-884. [PMID: 30676858 DOI: 10.1200/jco.18.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mesenchymal epithelial transition factor ( MET) activation has been implicated as an oncogenic driver in epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and can mediate primary and secondary resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). High copy number thresholds have been suggested to enrich for response to MET inhibitors. We examined the clinical relevance of MET copy number gain (CNG) in the setting of treatment-naive metastatic EGFR-mutant-positive NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS MET fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed in 200 consecutive patients identified as metastatic treatment-naïve EGFR-mutant-positive. We defined MET-high as CNG greater than or equal to 5, with an additional criterion of MET/centromeric portion of chromosome 7 ratiο greater than or equal to 2 for amplification. Time-to-treatment failure (TTF) to EGFR TKI in patients identified as MET-high and -low was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared using log-rank test. Multiregion single-nucleotide polymorphism array analysis was performed on 13 early-stage resected EGFR-mutant-positive NSCLC across 59 sectors to investigate intratumoral heterogeneity of MET CNG. RESULTS Fifty-two (26%) of 200 patients in the metastatic cohort were MET-high at diagnosis; 46 (23%) had polysomy and six (3%) had amplification. Median TTF was 12.2 months (95% CI, 5.7 to 22.6 months) versus 13.1 months (95% CI, 10.6 to 15.0 months) for MET-high and -low, respectively ( P = .566), with no significant difference in response rate regardless of copy number thresholds. Loss of MET was observed in three of six patients identified as MET-high who underwent postprogression biopsies, which is consistent with marked intratumoral heterogeneity in MET CNG observed in early-stage tumors. Suboptimal response (TTF, 1.0 to 6.4 months) to EGFR TKI was observed in patients with coexisting MET amplification (five [3.2%] of 154). CONCLUSION Although up to 26% of TKI-naïve EGFR-mutant-positive NSCLC harbor high MET CNG by fluorescence in situ hybridization, this did not significantly affect response to TKI, except in patients identified as MET-amplified. Our data underscore the limitations of adopting arbitrary copy number thresholds and the need for cross-assay validation to define therapeutically tractable MET pathway dysregulation in EGFR-mutant-positive NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John Lim
- 1 National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mei-Kim Ang
- 1 National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amit Jain
- 1 National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ju Yuan
- 3 Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel S W Tan
- 1 National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.,3 Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
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24
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Chougule A, Kapoor A, Noronha V, Patil V, Menon N, Joshi A, Chandrani P, Kumar R, Talreja V, D′Souza H, Prabhash K. Molecular tumor board: Case 1-Interplay of EGFR, MET and PD-L1 in non-small cell lung carcinoma. CANCER RESEARCH, STATISTICS, AND TREATMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/crst.crst_100_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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25
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Crizotinib in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with concomitant ALK rearrangement and c-Met overexpression. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1171. [PMID: 30477470 PMCID: PMC6258481 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5078-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Crizotinib can target against mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which has been considered as a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). The objective of this study was to explore the efficacy of crizotinib in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with concomitant ALK rearrangement and c-Met overexpression. Methods Totally, 4622 advanced NSCLC patients from two institutes (3762 patients at the Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute from January 2011 to December 2016 and 860 cases at the Perking Cancer Hospital from January 2015 to December 2016) were screened for ALK rearrangement with any method of IHC, RACE-coupled PCR or FISH. C-Met expression was performed by IHC in ALK-rearranged patients, and more than 50% of cells with high staining were defined as c-Met overexpression. The efficacy of crizotinib was explored in the ALK-rearranged patients with or without c-Met overexpression. Results Sixteen patients were identified with c-Met overexpression in 160 ALK-rearranged cases, with the incidence of 10.0% (16/160). A total of 116 ALK-rearranged patients received the treatment of crizotinib. Objective response rate (ORR) was 86.7% (13/15) in ALK-rearranged patients with c-Met overexpression and 59.4% (60/101)in those without c-Met overexpression, P = 0.041. Median PFS showed a trend of superiority in c-Met overexpression group (15.2 versus 11.0 months, P = 0.263). Median overall survival (OS) showed a significant difference for ALK-rearranged patients with c-Met overexpression group of 33.5 months with the hazard ratio (HR) of 3.2. Conclusions C-Met overexpression co-exists with ALK rearrangement in a small population of advanced NSCLC. There may be a trend of favorable efficacy of crizotinib in such co-altered patients.
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26
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Namba K, Shien K, Takahashi Y, Torigoe H, Sato H, Yoshioka T, Takeda T, Kurihara E, Ogoshi Y, Yamamoto H, Soh J, Tomida S, Toyooka S. Activation of AXL as a Preclinical Acquired Resistance Mechanism Against Osimertinib Treatment in EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 17:499-507. [PMID: 30463991 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Osimertinib (AZD9291) has an efficacy superior to that of standard EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the first-line treatment of patients with EGFR-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, patients treated with osimertinib eventually acquire drug resistance, and novel therapeutic strategies to overcome acquired resistance are needed. In clinical or preclinical models, several mechanisms of acquired resistance to osimertinib have been elucidated. However, the acquired resistance mechanisms when osimertinib is initially used for EGFR-mutant NSCLC remain unclear. In this study, we experimentally established acquired osimertinib-resistant cell lines from EGFR-mutant NSCLC cell lines and investigated the molecular profiles of resistant cells to uncover the mechanisms of acquired resistance. Various resistance mechanisms were identified, including the acquisition of MET amplification, EMT induction, and the upregulation of AXL. Using targeted next-generation sequencing with a multigene panel, no secondary mutations were detected in our resistant cell lines. Among three MET-amplified cell lines, one cell line was sensitive to a combination of osimertinib and crizotinib. Acquired resistance cell lines derived from H1975 harboring the T790M mutation showed AXL upregulation, and the cell growth of these cell lines was suppressed by a combination of osimertinib and cabozantinib, an inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases including AXL, both in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that AXL might be a therapeutic target for overcoming acquired resistance to osimertinib. IMPLICATIONS: Upregulation of AXL is one of the mechanisms of acquired resistance to osimertinib, and combination of osimertinib and cabozantinib might be a key treatment for overcoming osimertinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Namba
- Department of Thoracic, Breast, and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Shien
- Department of Thoracic, Breast, and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Yuta Takahashi
- Department of Thoracic, Breast, and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hidejiro Torigoe
- Department of Thoracic, Breast, and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Department of Thoracic, Breast, and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yoshioka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Takeda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Eisuke Kurihara
- Department of Thoracic, Breast, and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ogoshi
- Department of Thoracic, Breast, and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Yamamoto
- Department of Thoracic, Breast, and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Junichi Soh
- Department of Thoracic, Breast, and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shuta Tomida
- Biobank, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Toyooka
- Department of Thoracic, Breast, and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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27
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Mohan A, Harris K, Bowling MR, Brown C, Hohenforst-Schmidt W. Therapeutic bronchoscopy in the era of genotype directed lung cancer management. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:6298-6309. [PMID: 30622805 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.08.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for ~85% of lung cancers. Our understanding of driver mutations and genotype directed therapy has revolutionized the management of advanced NSCLC. Commonly described mutations include mutations in epidermal growth factor (EGFR) & BRAF and translocations in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) & rat osteosarcoma (ROS1). Drugs directed against these translocations have significantly improved progression free survival individually and have shown a survival benefit when studied in the Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium (median survival 3.5 vs. 2.4 years compared to standard therapy). In a related yet parallel universe, the number of bronchoscopic ablative modalities available for management of cancer related airway obstruction have increased exponentially over the past decade. A wealth of literature has given us a better understanding of the technical aspects, benefits and risks associated with these procedures. While they all show benefits in terms of relieving airway obstruction, symptom control, quality of life and lung function testing, their complication rates vary based on the modality. The overall complication rate was ~4% in the AQuIRE registry. Bronchoscopic therapeutic modalities include rigid bronchoscopy with mechanical debulking, laser, thermo-coagulation [electrocautery & argon plasma coagulation (APC)], cryotherapy, endobronchial brachytherapy (EBT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), intratumoral chemotherapy (ITC) and transbronchial needle injection (TBNI) of chemotherapy. Intuitively, one would assume that the science of driver mutations would crisscross with the science of bronchoscopic ablation as they overlap in the same patient population. Sadly, this is not the case and there is a paucity of literature looking at these fields together. This results in several unanswered questions about the interplay between these two therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Mohan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, East Carolina University-Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kassem Harris
- Interventional Pulmonology Section, Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep division, Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Mark R Bowling
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, East Carolina University-Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Craig Brown
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, East Carolina University-Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt
- Sana Clinic Group Franken, Department of Cardiology/Pulmonology/Intensive Care/Nephrology, "Hof" Clinics, University of Erlangen, Hof, Germany
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28
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Kathuria H, Millien G, McNally L, Gower AC, Tagne JB, Cao Y, Ramirez MI. NKX2-1-AS1 negatively regulates CD274/PD-L1, cell-cell interaction genes, and limits human lung carcinoma cell migration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14418. [PMID: 30258080 PMCID: PMC6158174 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32793-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of most long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is unknown. However, recent studies reveal important roles of lncRNAs in regulating cancer-related pathways. Human antisense lncRNA-NKX2-1-AS1 partially overlaps the NKX2-1/TTF1 gene within chromosomal region 14q13.3. Amplification of this region and/or differential expression of genes therein are associated with cancer progression. Herein we show higher levels of NKX2-AS1 and NKX2-1 in lung adenocarcinomas relative to non-tumor controls but no correlation between NKX2-1-AS1 and NKX2-1 levels across specimens, or with amplification of the 14q13.3 region, suggesting that NKX2-1-AS1 and NKX2-1 are independently regulated. Loss-and-gain of function experiments showed that NKX2-1-AS1 does not regulate NKX2-1 expression, or nearby genes, but controls genes in trans. Genes up-regulated by NKX2-1-AS1-knockdown belong to cell adhesion and PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint pathways. NKX2-1-AS1 negatively regulates endogenous CD274/PD-L1, a known target of NKX2-1, and the transcriptional activity of -1kb-CD274 promoter-reporter construct. Furthermore, NKX2-1-AS1 interferes with NKX2-1 protein binding to the CD274-promoter, likely by NKX2-1 protein-NKX2-1-AS1 interactions. Finally, NKX2-1-AS1 negatively regulates cell migration and wound healing, but not proliferation or apoptosis. These findings support potential roles of NKX2-1-AS1 in limiting motility and immune system evasion of lung carcinoma cells, highlighting a novel mechanism that may influence tumorigenic capabilities of lung epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasmeena Kathuria
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Guetchyn Millien
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Liam McNally
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Adam C Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Jean-Bosco Tagne
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Yuxia Cao
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Maria I Ramirez
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust St, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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29
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Lee H, Kim N, Yoo YJ, Kim H, Jeong E, Choi S, Moon SU, Oh SH, Mills GB, Yoon S, Kim WY. β-catenin/TCF activity regulates IGF-1R tyrosine kinase inhibitor sensitivity in colon cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:5466-5475. [PMID: 29895971 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The availability of large-scale drug screening data on cell line panels provides a unique opportunity to identify predictive biomarkers for targeted drug efficacy. Analysis of diverse drug data on ~990 cancer cell lines revealed enhanced sensitivity of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor/ Insulin Receptor (IGF-1R/IR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in colon cancer cells. Interestingly, β-catenin/TCF(T cell factor)-responsive promoter activity exhibited a significant positive association with IGF-1R/IR TKI response, while the mutational status of direct upstream genes, such as CTNNB1 and APC, was not significantly associated with the response. The β-catenin/TCF activity high cell lines express components of IGF-1R/IR signaling more than the low cell lines explaining their enhanced sensitivity against IGF-1R/IR TKI. Reinforcing β-catenin/TCF responsive promoter activity by introducing CTNNB1 gain-of-function mutations into IGF-1R/IR TKI-resistant cells increased the expression and activity of IGF-1R/IR signaling components and also sensitized the cells to IGF-1R/IR TKIs in vitro and in vivo. Analysis of TCGA data revealed that the stronger β-catenin/TCF responsive promoter activity was associated with higher IGF-1R and IGF2 transcription in human colon cancer specimens as well. Collectively, compared to the mutational status of upstream genes, β-catenin/TCF responsive promoter activity has potential to be a stronger predictive positive biomarker for IGF-1R/IR TKI responses in colon cancer cells. The present study highlights the potential of transcriptional activity as therapeutic biomarkers for targeted therapies, overcoming the limited ability of upstream genetic mutations to predict responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Lee
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.,Center for Advanced Bioinformatics & Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Center for Advanced Bioinformatics & Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ji Yoo
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.,Center for Advanced Bioinformatics & Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.,Center for Advanced Bioinformatics & Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Euna Jeong
- Center for Advanced Bioinformatics & Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - SeokGyeong Choi
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.,Center for Advanced Bioinformatics & Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Un Moon
- Center for Advanced Bioinformatics & Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sukjoon Yoon
- Center for Advanced Bioinformatics & Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Young Kim
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Advanced Bioinformatics & Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Bian C, Liu Z, Li D, Zhen L. PI3K/AKT inhibition induces compensatory activation of the MET/STAT3 pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9655-9662. [PMID: 29928341 PMCID: PMC6004714 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway is evident in a diverse array of human cancer types, and targeting the pathway is an attractive therapeutic approach. However, pre-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that the antitumor efficacy of a number of inhibitors of the PI3K/AKT pathway is poor, and the underlying mechanisms are not completely clear. In the present study, activation of MET proto-oncogene (MET)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling was demonstrated during PI3K/AKT inhibition. Western blotting showed that the pharmacological or genetic inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling triggered compensatory activation of STAT3 and upregulation of the expression of its downstream genes. The results from RTK array analysis and western blotting demonstrated that the hyperactivated STAT3 signaling was demonstrated to be mediated by the activation of MET. In addition, PI3K/AKT inhibition suppressed tumor growth more effectively when combined with inhibitors targeting MET/STAT3 signaling by detecting apoptosis and colony formation. These results were further confirmed in a nude mouse model. Thus, our results highlight a compensatory survival mechanism via the MET/STAT3 signaling pathway after PI3K/AKT signaling inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunan Bian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Jiangbei People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210048, P.R. China
| | - Zonghang Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Jiangbei People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210048, P.R. China
| | - Dakou Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Jiangbei People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210048, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Zhen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Jiangbei People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210048, P.R. China
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31
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Obata Y, Yamashita Y, Takahashi K, Yasuda K, Kato T, Yasuda M, Naiki-Ito A, Takahashi S, Nagasaka T. MET
amplification in endometrial cancers with clear-cell carcinoma components. Pathol Int 2018; 68:367-373. [DOI: 10.1111/pin.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshie Obata
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology; Nagoya City University; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku Nagoya 467-8601 Japan
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; 1-1-2 Daiko-Minami Higashi-ku Nagoya 461-0047 Japan
| | - Yoriko Yamashita
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology; Nagoya City University; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku Nagoya 467-8601 Japan
| | - Koji Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology; Nagoya City University; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku Nagoya 467-8601 Japan
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; 1-1-2 Daiko-Minami Higashi-ku Nagoya 461-0047 Japan
| | - Kouki Yasuda
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology; Nagoya City University; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku Nagoya 467-8601 Japan
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; 1-1-2 Daiko-Minami Higashi-ku Nagoya 461-0047 Japan
| | - Tomomi Kato
- Saitama Medical University International Medical Center; 1397-1 Yamane Hidaka-shi Saitama-ken 350-1298 Japan
| | - Masanori Yasuda
- Saitama Medical University International Medical Center; 1397-1 Yamane Hidaka-shi Saitama-ken 350-1298 Japan
| | - Aya Naiki-Ito
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology; Nagoya City University; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku Nagoya 467-8601 Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology; Nagoya City University; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku Nagoya 467-8601 Japan
| | - Tetsuro Nagasaka
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; 1-1-2 Daiko-Minami Higashi-ku Nagoya 461-0047 Japan
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32
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Iommelli F, De Rosa V, Terlizzi C, Monti M, Panico M, Fonti R, Del Vecchio S. Inositol Trisphosphate Receptor Type 3-mediated Enhancement of EGFR and MET Cotargeting Efficacy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Detected by 18F-fluorothymidine. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:3126-3136. [PMID: 29618618 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-3657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Our aim was to test whether imaging with 18F-fluorothymidine (18F-FLT) PET/CT was able to detect the combined effects of EGFR and MET inhibitors in oncogene-driven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the enhanced efficacy of drug combination.Experimental Design: NSCLC cells bearing MET amplification (H1993 and H820) were treated with EGFR and MET inhibitors either alone or in combination and then tested for cell viability and inhibition of signaling. Nude mice bearing H1993 tumors underwent 18F-FLT PET/CT scan before and after treatment with erlotinib and crizotinib alone or in combination (1:1 ratio) and posttreatment changes of 18F-FLT uptake in tumors were determined. The role of inositol trisphosphate receptor type 3 (IP3R3) in mediating the combined action of EGFR and MET inhibitors was tested by transfecting NSCLC cells with IP3R3-targeted siRNA.Results: Imaging studies showed a significant reduction of 18F-FLT uptake in response to combined treatment with EGFR and MET inhibitors that was higher than that obtained with single agents (ANOVA, F-ratio = 6.215, P = 0.001). Imaging findings were confirmed by analysis of surgically excised tumors. Levels of IP3R3 were significantly reduced in both cells and tumors after treatment with crizotinib, whereas EGFR inhibitors caused a reduction of IP3R3 interaction with K-Ras mainly through dephosphorylation of serine residues of K-Ras.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that 18F-FLT PET/CT is able to detect the enhanced efficacy of EGFR and MET inhibitors in oncogene-driven NSCLC and that such enhancement is mediated by IP3R3 through its interaction with K-Ras. Clin Cancer Res; 24(13); 3126-36. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Iommelli
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples Italy
| | - Viviana De Rosa
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples Italy
| | - Cristina Terlizzi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Monti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Panico
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Fonti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvana Del Vecchio
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Naples, Italy. .,Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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Yoshioka T, Shien K, Namba K, Torigoe H, Sato H, Tomida S, Yamamoto H, Asano H, Soh J, Tsukuda K, Nagasaka T, Fujiwara T, Toyooka S. Antitumor activity of pan-HER inhibitors in HER2-positive gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:1166-1176. [PMID: 29465762 PMCID: PMC5891184 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly targeted therapy has enabled outstanding advances in cancer treatment. Whereas various anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) drugs have been developed, trastuzumab is still the only anti-HER2 drug presently available for gastric cancer. In this study, we propose novel treatment options for patients with HER2-positive gastric cancer. First, we determined the molecular profiles of 12 gastric cancer cell lines, and examined the antitumor effect of the pan-HER inhibitors afatinib and neratinib in those cell lines. Additionally, we analyzed HER2 alteration in 123 primary gastric cancers resected from Japanese patients to clarify possible candidates with the potential to respond to these drugs. In the drug sensitivity analysis, both afatinib and neratinib produced an antitumor effect in most of the HER2-amplified cell lines. However, some cells were not sensitive to the drugs. When the molecular profiles of the cells were compared based on the drug sensitivities, we found that cancer cells with lower mRNA expression levels of IGFBP7, a tumor suppressor gene that inhibits the activation of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), were less sensitive to pan-HER inhibitors. A combination therapy consisting of pan-HER inhibitors and an IGF-1R inhibitor, picropodophyllin, showed a notable synergistic effect. Among 123 clinical samples, we found 19 cases of HER2 amplification and three cases of oncogenic mutations. In conclusion, afatinib and neratinib are promising therapeutic options for the treatment of HER2-amplified gastric cancer. In addition to HER2 amplification, IGFBP7 might be a biomarker of sensitivity to these drugs, and IGF-1R-targeting therapy can overcome drug insensitiveness in HER2-amplified gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yoshioka
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Kazuhiko Shien
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Breast and Endocrinological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Kei Namba
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Breast and Endocrinological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Hidejiro Torigoe
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Breast and Endocrinological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Breast and Endocrinological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Shuta Tomida
- Department of BioinformaticsOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Hiromasa Yamamoto
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Breast and Endocrinological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Hiroaki Asano
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Junichi Soh
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Breast and Endocrinological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Kazunori Tsukuda
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Takeshi Nagasaka
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
| | - Shinichi Toyooka
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Breast and Endocrinological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaJapan
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Park CK, Oh IJ, Choi YD, Jang TW, Lee JE, Ryu JS, Lee SY, Kim YC. A Prospective Observational Study Evaluating the Correlation of c-MET Expression and EGFR Gene Mutation with Response to Erlotinib as Second-Line Treatment for Patients with Advanced/Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Oncology 2018; 94:373-382. [DOI: 10.1159/000486896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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35
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Karachaliou N, Chaib I, Cardona AF, Berenguer J, Bracht JWP, Yang J, Cai X, Wang Z, Hu C, Drozdowskyj A, Servat CC, Servat JC, Ito M, Attili I, Aldeguer E, Capitan AG, Rodriguez J, Rojas L, Viteri S, Molina-Vila MA, Ou SHI, Okada M, Mok TS, Bivona TG, Ono M, Cui J, Ramón Y Cajal S, Frias A, Cao P, Rosell R. Common Co-activation of AXL and CDCP1 in EGFR-mutation-positive Non-smallcell Lung Cancer Associated With Poor Prognosis. EBioMedicine 2018; 29:112-127. [PMID: 29433983 PMCID: PMC5925453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is incurable, despite high rates of response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). We investigated receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), Src family kinases and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) as genetic modifiers of innate resistance in EGFR-mutation-positive NSCLC. We performed gene expression analysis in two cohorts (Cohort 1 and Cohort 2) of EGFR-mutation-positive NSCLC patients treated with EGFR TKI. We evaluated the efficacy of gefitinib or osimertinib with the Src/FAK/Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitor, TPX0005 in vitro and in vivo. In Cohort 1, CUB domain-containing protein-1 (CDCP1) was an independent negative prognostic factor for progression-free survival (hazard ratio of 1.79, p = 0.0407) and overall survival (hazard ratio of 2.23, p = 0.0192). A two-gene model based on AXL and CDCP1 expression was strongly associated with the clinical outcome to EGFR TKIs, in both cohorts of patients. Our preclinical experiments revealed that several RTKs and non-RTKs, were up-regulated at baseline or after treatment with gefitinib or osimertinib. TPX-0005 plus EGFR TKI suppressed expression and activation of RTKs and downstream signaling intermediates. Co-expression of CDCP1 and AXL is often observed in EGFR-mutation-positive tumors, limiting the efficacy of EGFR TKIs. Co-treatment with EGFR TKI and TPX-0005 warrants testing. AXL and CDCP1 are co-expressed in treatment-naïve EGFR-mutation-positive NSCLC patients. AXL and CDCP1 are related to shorter progression-free survival with EGFR inhibitors and shorter overall survival. Src family kinases and YAP1 are regulatory nodes for AXL and CDCP1 expression. The combination of EGFR TKI with TPX-0005 is synergistic in EGFR-mutation-positive lung tumors in culture and in vivo.
We explore the molecular changes that occur after the application of an EGFR inhibitor in EGFR-mutation positive tumors. The tumors do not acquire secondary drivers to overcome a primary driver but, counter-regulatory nodes observable before treatment, are immediately made apparent by pathway-specific intervention. The expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL and the transmembrane protein CDCP1 in baseline samples of EGFR-mutation positive NSCLC patients can provide us with information on the treatment outcome. The upfront combination of an EGFR inhibitor with a multikinase inhibitor, that controls the regulatory nodes for RTKs activation, is a therapeutic approach that deserves to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Karachaliou
- Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell (IOR), University Hospital Sagrat Cor, QuironSalud Group, Barcelona, Spain; Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Coyote Reserach Group, Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imane Chaib
- Institut d'Investigació en Ciències Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Andres Felipe Cardona
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, Thoracic Oncology Unit, Institute of Oncology, Clínica del Country, Bogotá, Colombia; Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research (FICMAC), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jordi Berenguer
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Coyote Reserach Group, Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jie Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueting Cai
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunping Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Carles Codony Servat
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Coyote Reserach Group, Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Codony Servat
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Coyote Reserach Group, Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Masaoki Ito
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Coyote Reserach Group, Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ilaria Attili
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Coyote Reserach Group, Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padova, Italy; Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Erika Aldeguer
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Coyote Reserach Group, Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Gimenez Capitan
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Coyote Reserach Group, Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - July Rodriguez
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, Thoracic Oncology Unit, Institute of Oncology, Clínica del Country, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Rojas
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, Thoracic Oncology Unit, Institute of Oncology, Clínica del Country, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago Viteri
- Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell (IOR), Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Molina-Vila
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Coyote Reserach Group, Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Morihito Okada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tony S Mok
- The State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China, Sir Y.K. Pao Centre for Cancer, Department of Clinical Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Trever G Bivona
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, United States
| | - Mayumi Ono
- Department of Pharmaceutical Oncology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jean Cui
- TP Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | - Alex Frias
- Brain Tumor Biology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Denmark
| | - Peng Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Pangaea Oncology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Coyote Reserach Group, Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació en Ciències Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell (IOR), Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.
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36
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Wang Y, Zhang W, Wen L, Yang H, Wen M, Yun Y, Zhao L, Zhu X, Tian L, Luo E, Li Y, Liu W, Wen N. FOXM1 confers resistance to gefitinib in lung adenocarcinoma via a MET/AKT-dependent positive feedback loop. Oncotarget 2018; 7:59245-59259. [PMID: 27494877 PMCID: PMC5312309 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gefitinib resistance remains a major problem in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. However, the molecular mechanisms of gefitinib resistance are not fully understood. In this study, we characterized the critical role of transcription factor Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) in gefitinib resistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells. In vitro drug sensitivity assays demonstrated that FOXM1 inhibition sensitized PC9/GR and HCC827/GR cells to gefitinib, whereas FOXM1 overexpression enhanced PC9 and HCC827 cell resistance to gefitinib. Increased FOXM1 resulted in the upregulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), which led to activation of the protein kinase B (AKT) pathway, whereas knockdown of FOXM1 did the opposite. FOXM1 bound directly to the MET promoter regions and regulated the promoter activities and the expression of MET at the transcriptional level. Moreover, MET/AKT pathway upregulated the expression of FOXM1 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Inhibition of pAKT by LY294002 or inhibition of pMET by PHA-665752 significantly inhibited the expression of FOXM1 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Importantly, we further demonstrated that the expression levels of FOXM1, pAKT and MET were significantly increased in lung adenocarcinoma tissues relative to normal lung tissues, and these three biomarkers were concomitantly overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Taken together, our results indicate that FOXM1 promotes acquired resistance to gefitinib of lung adenocarcinoma cells, and FOXM1 crosstalks with MET/AKT signaling to form a positive feedback loop to promote lung adenocarcinoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Oncology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Wen
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huiling Yang
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingling Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyu Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Cell Engineering Research Center and Department of Cell Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lisheng Zhao
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Kunming General Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Cell Engineering Research Center and Department of Cell Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- Department of Oncology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ning Wen
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Chen Z, Lin S, Li JL, Ni W, Guo R, Lu J, Kaye FJ, Wu L. CRTC1-MAML2 fusion-induced lncRNA LINC00473 expression maintains the growth and survival of human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells. Oncogene 2018; 37:1885-1895. [PMID: 29353885 PMCID: PMC5889358 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) arises in many glandular tissues and contributes to the most common malignant salivary gland cancers. MEC is specifically associated with a unique t(11;19) translocation and the resulting CRTC1-MAML2 fusion is a major oncogenic driver for MEC initiation and maintenance. However, the molecular basis underlying the CRTC1-MAML2 oncogenic functions remain very limited. Through gene expression profiling analysis, we observed that LINC00473, a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), was the top down-regulated target in CRTC1-MAML2-depleted human MEC cells. LncRNAs belong to a new class of non-coding RNAs with emerging roles in tumorigenesis and progression, but remain poorly characterized. In this study, we investigated the role of LINC00473 in mediating CRTC1-MAML2 oncogenic activity in human MEC. We found that LINC00473 transcription was significantly induced in human CRTC1-MAML2-positive MEC cell lines and primary MEC tumors, and was tightly correlated with the CRTC1-MAML2 RNA level. LINC00473 induction was dependent on the ability of CRTC1-MAML2 to activate CREB-mediated transcription. Depletion of LINC00473 significantly reduced the proliferation and survival of human MEC cells in vitro and blocked the in vivo tumor growth in a human MEC xenograft model. RNA in situ hybridization analysis demonstrated a predominantly nuclear localization pattern for LINC00473 in human MEC cells. Furthermore, gene expression profiling revealed that LINC00473 depletion resulted in differential expression of genes important in cancer cell growth and survival. LINC00473 likely regulates gene expression in part through its ability to bind to a cAMP signaling pathway component NONO, enhancing the ability of CRTC1-MAML2 to activate CREB-mediated transcription. Our overall results demonstrate that LINC00473 is a downstream target and an important mediator of the CRTC1-MAML2 oncoprotein. Therefore, LINC00473 acts as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for human CRTC1-MAML2-positive MECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirong Chen
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shuibin Lin
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Liang Li
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Wei Ni
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ruifeng Guo
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jianrong Lu
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Frederic J Kaye
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lizi Wu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. .,UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. .,UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Lategahn J, Keul M, Rauh D. Lessons To Be Learned: The Molecular Basis of Kinase-Targeted Therapies and Drug Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2307-2313. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Lategahn
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Marina Keul
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
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39
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Lategahn J, Keul M, Rauh D. Lektion gelernt? Die molekularen Grundlagen von Kinase-gerichteten Therapien und Wirkstoffresistenz im nicht-kleinzelligen Lungenkrebs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Lategahn
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Marina Keul
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
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40
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Gao HF, Yang JJ, Chen ZH, Zhang XC, Yan HH, Guo WB, Zhou Q, Gou LY, Dong ZY, Wu YL. Plasma dynamic monitoring of soluble c-Met level for EGFR-TKI treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39535-39543. [PMID: 27213587 PMCID: PMC5129951 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The activation of c-Met has been associated with both primary and acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI therapy in NSCLC patients. Thus, c-Met status during EGFR-TKI therapy should receive much attention. Results Forty-nine patients were selected as training cohort and 52 cases as validation cohort. With disease progression, IHC results showed that 37 (75.5%) of the patients were tissue c-Met-negative, and 12 (24.5%) were tissue c-Met-positive. There was a statistically significant difference in the dynamic change in soluble c-Met between the tissue c-Met-negative and c-Met-positive groups (P = 0.002). Patients with a baseline soluble c-Met level >766 ng/ml showed inferior median progression-free survival (PFS; 10.2 vs. 14.0 months; P = 0.003) after EGFR-TKI treatment. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analyses demonstrated that the soluble c-Met level was an independent prognostic factor for PFS after EGFR-TKI treatment (P = 0.009; hazard ratio: 3.583; 95% confidence interval: 1.379-9.312). In the validation cohort, patients with soluble c-Met levels >766 ng/ml were also determined to have significant short median PFS after EGFR-TKI treatment (6.8 vs. 14.5 months, P < 0.001). Patients and Methods We retrospectively investigated the dynamic change in the soluble c-Met level in plasma and its relationship with clinical outcomes of EGFR-TKI therapy in advanced NSCLC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to assess the expression of c-Met in the resistant tissue. Plasma c-Met levels were assayed in duplicate using a human soluble c-Met quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Conclusions Quantitatively determining the soluble c-Met level in plasma by ELISA might provide a non-invasive and sensitive method to predict EGFR-TKI prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fei Gao
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ji Yang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Hong Yan
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Bang Guo
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lou-Ying Gou
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Dong
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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41
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Dong ZY, Zhai HR, Hou QY, Su J, Liu SY, Yan HH, Li YS, Chen ZY, Zhong WZ, Wu YL. Mixed Responses to Systemic Therapy Revealed Potential Genetic Heterogeneity and Poor Survival in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Oncologist 2018; 22:61-69. [PMID: 28126915 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2016-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A subset of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) fosters mixed responses (MRs) to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or chemotherapy. However, little is known about the clinical and molecular features or the prognostic significance and potential mechanisms. METHODS The records of 246 consecutive patients with NSCLC receiving single-line chemotherapy or TKI treatment and who were assessed by baseline and interim positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans were collected retrospectively. The clinicopathological correlations of the MR were analyzed, and a multivariate analysis was performed to explore the prognostic significance of MR. RESULTS The overall incidence of MR to systemic therapy was 21.5% (53/246) and predominated in patients with stage IIIB-IV, EGFR mutations and those who received TKI therapy (p < .05). Subgroup analyses based on MR classification (efficacious versus inefficacious) showed significant differences in subsequent treatment between the two groups (p < .001) and preferable progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the efficacious MR group. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that the presence of MR was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.474; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.018-2.134; p = .040) and OS (HR, 1.849; 95% CI, 1.190-2.871; p = .006) in patients with NSCLC. Induced by former systemic therapy, there were more T790M (18%), concomitant EGFR mutations (15%), and changes to EGFR wild type (19%) in the MR group among patients with EGFR mutations, which indicated higher incidence of genetic heterogeneity. CONCLUSION MR was not a rare event in patients with NSCLC and tended to occur in those with advanced lung adenocarcinoma treated with a TKI. MR may result from genetic heterogeneity and is an unfavorable prognostic factor for survival. Further studies are imperative to explore subsequent treatment strategies. The Oncologist 2017;22:61-69Implications for Practice: Tumor heterogeneity tends to produce mixed responses (MR) to systemic therapy, including TKI and chemotherapy; however, the clinical significance and potential mechanisms are not fully understood, and the subsequent treatment after MR is also a clinical concern. The present study systemically assessed patients by PET/CT and differentiated MR and therapies. The study identified a relatively high incidence of MR in patients with advanced NSCLC, particularly those treated with targeted therapies. An MR may be an unfavorable prognostic factor and originate from genetic heterogeneity. Further studies are imperative to explore subsequent treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yi Dong
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Ran Zhai
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Yi Hou
- PET Imaging Diagnostic Center, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Su
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Yang Liu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Hong Yan
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang-Si Li
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Zhao Zhong
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Singh M, Jadhav HR. Targeting non-small cell lung cancer with small-molecule EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Drug Discov Today 2017; 23:745-753. [PMID: 29031620 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as gefitinib and erlotinib, show excellent clinical efficacy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations, including Exon 19 deletion and single-point substitution, and L858R of exon 21. The reason for the reduction in effectiveness of these EGFR TKIs is the T790M gatekeeper mutation in the ATP-binding pocket of Exon 20, which increases the affinity of EGFR for ATP. Newer EGFR TKIs, such as afatinib, osimertinib, rociletinib, EGF816 and ASP8273, selectively target T790M mutants, sparing wild-type EGFR. EGFR TKIs have fewer adverse effects than chemotherapy and also improve progression-free survival. Combination therapy of EGFR TKIs with anti-EGFR antibodies is recommended for overcoming the problem of resistance to some extent. This review could help medicinal chemists to design novel EGFR TKIs against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahaveer Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, 302017 Rajasthan, India.
| | - Hemant R Jadhav
- Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani-333031, Rajasthan, India.
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43
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Response to the letter to the editor of Lambros et al. Virchows Arch 2017; 471:687-688. [PMID: 28879608 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Dolly SO, Collins DC, Sundar R, Popat S, Yap TA. Advances in the Development of Molecularly Targeted Agents in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Drugs 2017; 77:813-827. [PMID: 28378229 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-017-0732-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a significant global health challenge and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The traditional 'one-size-fits-all' treatment approach has now evolved into one that involves personalized strategies based on histological and molecular subtypes. The molecular era has revolutionized the treatment of patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and ROS1 gene aberrations. In the appropriately selected population, anti-tumor agents against these molecular targets can significantly improve progression-free survival. However, the emergence of acquired resistance is inevitable. Novel potent compounds with much improved and rational selectivity profiles, such as third-generation EGFR T790M resistance mutation-specific inhibitors, have been developed and added to the NSCLC armamentarium. To date, attempts to overcome resistance bypass pathways through downstream signaling blockade has had limited success. Furthermore, the majority of patients still do not harbor known driver genetic or epigenetic alterations and/or have no new available treatment options, with chemotherapy remaining their standard of care. Several potentially actionable driver aberrations have recently been identified, with the early clinical development of multiple inhibitors against these promising targets currently in progress. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has led to significant benefit for advanced NSCLC patients with durable responses observed. Further interrogation of the underlying biology of NSCLC, coupled with modern clinical trial designs, is now required to develop novel targeted therapeutics rationally matched with predictive biomarkers of response, so as to further advance NSCLC therapeutics through the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raghav Sundar
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sanjay Popat
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy A Yap
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. .,Drug Development Unit and Lung Cancer Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, London, SM2 5PT, UK.
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45
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Sundar R, Chénard-Poirier M, Collins DC, Yap TA. Imprecision in the Era of Precision Medicine in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:39. [PMID: 28443282 PMCID: PMC5385461 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, major advances have been made in the management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). There has been a particular focus on the identification and targeting of putative driver aberrations, which has propelled NSCLC to the forefront of precision medicine. Several novel molecularly targeted agents have now achieved regulatory approval, while many others are currently in late-phase clinical trial testing. These antitumor therapies have significantly impacted the clinical outcomes of advanced NSCLC and provided patients with much hope for the future. Despite this, multiple deficiencies still exist in our knowledge of this complex disease, and further research is urgently required to overcome these critical issues. This review traces the path undertaken by the different therapeutics assessed in NSCLC and the impact of precision medicine in this disease. We also discuss the areas of "imprecision" that still exist in NSCLC and the modern hypothesis-testing studies being conducted to address these key challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Sundar
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Timothy A. Yap
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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46
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MET Gene Amplification and Overexpression in Chinese Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Without EGFR Mutations. Clin Lung Cancer 2017; 18:213-219.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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47
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Molecular profiling of single circulating tumor cells from lung cancer patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E8379-E8386. [PMID: 27956614 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1608461113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are established cancer biomarkers for the "liquid biopsy" of tumors. Molecular analysis of single CTCs, which recapitulate primary and metastatic tumor biology, remains challenging because current platforms have limited throughput, are expensive, and are not easily translatable to the clinic. Here, we report a massively parallel, multigene-profiling nanoplatform to compartmentalize and analyze hundreds of single CTCs. After high-efficiency magnetic collection of CTC from blood, a single-cell nanowell array performs CTC mutation profiling using modular gene panels. Using this approach, we demonstrated multigene expression profiling of individual CTCs from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with remarkable sensitivity. Thus, we report a high-throughput, multiplexed strategy for single-cell mutation profiling of individual lung cancer CTCs toward minimally invasive cancer therapy prediction and disease monitoring.
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48
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Chiba M, Togashi Y, Tomida S, Mizuuchi H, Nakamura Y, Banno E, Hayashi H, Terashima M, De Velasco MA, Sakai K, Fujita Y, Mitsudomi T, Nishio K. MEK inhibitors against MET-amplified non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:2236-2244. [PMID: 27748834 PMCID: PMC5118002 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including EGFR, ALK, and MET have been identified as therapeutic targets in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Among the downstream pathways of RTKs, the MAPK pathway is particularly important for cancer cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. In this study, the effects of MEK inhibitors (trametinib and PD0325901) in several NSCLC cell lines with driver gene alterations, especially RTK genes, were tested in vitro using an MTT assay, and a wide range of sensitivities was found. In particular, all the EGFR-mutated cell lines were resistant to MEK inhibitors, whereas all the MET-amplified cell lines were sensitive. A bioinformatics technique and western blot analyses showed that the PI3K/AKT pathway is more activated in EGFR-mutated NSCLC than in MET-amplified NSCLC, and a PI3K inhibitor enhanced the sensitivity to trametinib in the EGFR-mutated cell lines, suggesting that this pathway is associated with resistance to MEK inhibitors. Although the HCC827 cell line (EGFR mutation) was resistant to MEK inhibitors, the HCC827CNXR cell line, whose driver gene shifts from EGFR to MET, exhibited enhanced sensitivity to MEK inhibitors, indicating the biological importance of the MAPK pathway for MET-amplified NCSLC. Furthermore, a synergistic effect of crizotinib (a MET inhibitor) and trametinib was observed in MET-amplified NCLC cell lines. Our findings indicate that the MAPK pathway is biologically important for MET-amplified NSCLC and strongly encourage the development of combination therapy with a MET inhibitor and a MEK inhibitor against MET-amplified NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Chiba
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yosuke Togashi
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
- Division of Cancer Immunology, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577, Japan
| | - Shuta Tomida
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mizuuchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 802-0077, Japan
| | - Yu Nakamura
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Eri Banno
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Hayashi
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masato Terashima
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Marco A. De Velasco
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuko Sakai
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Fujita
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mitsudomi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nishio
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
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49
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De Rosa V, Iommelli F, Monti M, Mainolfi CG, Fonti R, Del Vecchio S. Early 18F-FDG uptake as a reliable imaging biomarker of T790M-mediated resistance but not MET amplification in non-small cell lung cancer treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. EJNMMI Res 2016; 6:74. [PMID: 27726115 PMCID: PMC5056924 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-016-0229-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The two main mechanisms of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are the occurrence of T790M secondary mutation in the kinase domain of EGFR and MET amplification. The aim of the present study was to test whether early changes of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake in animal models bearing erlotinib-resistant NSCLC may have different imaging patterns of response to erlotinib depending on the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance. Animal tumor models were developed using NSCLC H1975 cells bearing the T790M mutation and H1993 cells with MET amplification. Nude mice bearing erlotinib-resistant H1975 and H1993 xenografts (four animals for each cell line and for each treatment) were subjected to 18F-FDG PET/CT scan before and immediately after treatment (50 mg/kg p.o. for 3 days) with erlotinib, WZ4002, crizotinib, or vehicle. A three-dimensional region of interest analysis was performed to determine the percent change of 18F-FDG uptake in response to treatment. At the end of the imaging studies, tumors were removed and analyzed for glycolytic and mitochondrial proteins as well as levels of cyclin D1. RESULTS Imaging studies with 18F-FDG PET/CT in H1975 tumor-bearing mice showed a reduction of 18F-FDG uptake of 25.87 % ± 8.93 % after treatment with WZ4002 whereas an increase of 18F-FDG uptake up to 23.51 % ± 9.72 % was observed after treatment with erlotinib or vehicle. Conversely, H1993 tumors showed a reduction of 18F-FDG uptake after treatment with both crizotinib (14.70 % ± 1.30 %) and erlotinib (18.40 % ± 9.19 %) and an increase of tracer uptake in vehicle-treated (56.65 % ± 5.65 %) animals. The in vivo reduction of 18F-FDG uptake was always associated with downregulation of HKII and p-PKM2 Tyr105 glycolytic proteins and upregulation of mitochondrial complexes (subunits I-IV) in excised tumors. CONCLUSIONS 18F-FDG uptake is a reliable imaging biomarker of T790M-mediated resistance and its reversal in NSCLC whereas it may not be accurate in the detection of MET-mediated resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana De Rosa
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Via T. De Amicis 95, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Iommelli
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Via T. De Amicis 95, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Monti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Gabriele Mainolfi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Fonti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Via T. De Amicis 95, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvana Del Vecchio
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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50
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Zhang Q, Xu K. [Advances in the Research of Autophagy in EGFR-TKI Treatment and Resistance
in Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2016; 19:607-14. [PMID: 27666552 PMCID: PMC5972950 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2016.09.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
表皮生长因子受体激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, EGFR-TKI)是一类针对肿瘤细胞中EGFR的异常活化而开发的肿瘤靶向药物,可以有效抑制带有EGFR敏感突变的肿瘤细胞的生长。然而先天性以及获得性耐药严重制约了该类药物的使用。近些年的研究发现自噬(autophagy),作为一个细胞编码的高度保守的应对压力的存活机制,其与肿瘤的发生发展及抗肿瘤药物的耐药密切相关。EGFR的激活可以通过多条通路调控自噬。EGFR-TKI也可以诱导自噬,且自噬在EGFR-TKI的治疗和产生耐药性的过程中发挥着双刃剑的作用:一方面EGFR-TKI诱导的自噬是肿瘤细胞的一个保护机制,联合使用自噬抑制剂可以增强药物的细胞毒性效果;同时还有研究证明EGFR-TKI诱导的高水平自噬可以在凋亡缺陷的细胞中造成自噬性死亡,这种情况下联合使用自噬诱导剂则可能产生更好的效果。因此,针对不同的情况通过调控自噬以提高EGFR-TKI的治疗效果是一个颇具前景的治疗方案。本文对EGFR-TKI和自噬相关的信号通路进行了阐述,并对自噬在EGFR-TKI类药物对肺癌的治疗和耐药中作用的最新研究进展进行了总结,为设计联合方案提高EGFR-TKI的抑制效果,降低耐药性提供线索。
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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